...diseases continue to spread many people are having second thoughts about whether to require preventative vaccines. It’s leading many people to question laws that allow parents not to vaccinate their children. So, if we are so afraid of an epidemic outbreak; then why do we have such laws, allowing parents to opt out of vaccinating their children? Vaccinations should be required for every child. To estimate the vaccination rate in the context of the 2015 measles outbreak Maimuna S. Majumder, MPH (Master of Public Health), and his colleagues obtained data from the California Department of Public Health and HealthMap media alerts. They used the incidence decay and exponential adjustment (IDEA) method to approximate the effective reproductive number. They...
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...science supports the influenza vaccination. Research studies have been done since the development of the flu vaccine in 1945 and documented as the first vaccinations were given to the soldiers in WWII. Many kinds of influenza vaccination studies have been done by medical research teams including the Center for Disease Control. The Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta analysis was researched by Michael Osterholm and his associates by reviewing over 5000 studies of the influenza vaccine. Many articles since then have commented on this meta-analysis and have gone further to expand the question of does the flu vaccine decrease pneumonia in the elderly. Results are such that the confounding conditions of the study needed to be adjusted fully and the studies re-evaluated. Another question arises. Does mandatory vaccination of healthcare workers decrease the spread of the flu virus within the hospital. Evidence for consistent high-level protection is elusive for the present generation of vaccines, especially in those at risk of medical complications and those aged 65 years or older. Does Science Support the Flu Shot? Since the discovery of the influenza virus and the subsequent development of the flu vaccine, has there been enough science research to support the effectiveness and efficacy of the flu vaccine? Influenza also known as the flu is a viral infection. The flu is caused by influenza viruses A and B, and...
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...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS ANTHRAX VACCINE AS A COMPONENT OF THE STRATEGIC NATIONAL STOCKPILE: A DILEMMA FOR HOMELAND SECURITY by Thomas L. Rempfer December 2009 Thesis Advisor: Second Reader: Stanley Supinski Dean Lynch Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 2. REPORT DATE December 2009 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Master’s Thesis 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Anthrax Vaccine as a Component of the Strategic National Stockpile: A Dilemma for Homeland Security 6. AUTHOR(S) Thomas L. Rempfer 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000...
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...Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma From Current Events Ethical dilemmas are everywhere in healthcare. They range from whether to vaccinate children to life and death issues. They cover the lifespan from birth (or I should say conception, as abortion is a big one) to death (no matter what age that may occur). For the purpose of this paper, I purposely stayed away from life and death issues. I have a strong moral and ethical stance on allowing patients to die with dignity. Keeping patients alive or giving treatments to prolong life without quality is so against my morals. If the patient chooses to become a DNR or refuses "recommended" life sustaining treatments, they should have the autonomy to do so. A recent example in the news is the death of Steve Jobs. Now that he has passed away, everyone and their brother are saying that he was a difficult patient. They say he refused lifesaving treatments and surgeries. This is easy to say now that he has passed. We cannot go back now and do a Whipple on him to compare how much longer he would have lived. Whipples are extremely involved procedures and can lead to many complications, with no guarantee of prolonged life. Monday morning quarterbacks are a dime a dozen. The ethical issue that I choose to use for my paper is the recent dilemma of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for boys. Vaccinations in general have always been on the list of ethical topics in healthcare. From parents of newborns who believe in the false link between...
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...responsibility is it when it comes to health? Is it a matter of individual choice, healthcare providers, or do governments have a role to play? Discussion of this issue can be a controversial topic. Different views can vary from considering individual liberty to desperately asking health professionals to tackle public-health problems. The ethical dilemma between public-health policy and individual liberty continue to receive attention surrounding topics such as vaccination requirements, legalization of marijuana, teen pregnancy rates, health reform, abortion, or chronic and behavior disease epidemics. Individual liberty revolves around the lifestyle of how one might choose to live. Some might argue that the government should do little...
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...At the Intersection of Health, Health Care and Policy Cite this article as: Henry G. Grabowski, Joseph A. DiMasi and Genia Long The Roles Of Patents And Research And Development Incentives In Biopharmaceutical Innovation Health Affairs, 34, no.2 (2015):302-310 doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2014.1047 The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is available at: http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/34/2/302.full.html For Reprints, Links & Permissions: http://healthaffairs.org/1340_reprints.php E-mail Alerts : http://content.healthaffairs.org/subscriptions/etoc.dtl To Subscribe: http://content.healthaffairs.org/subscriptions/online.shtml Health Affairs is published monthly by Project HOPE at 7500 Old Georgetown Road, Suite 600, Bethesda, MD 20814-6133. Copyright © 2015 by Project HOPE - The People-to-People Health Foundation. As provided by United States copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code), no part of Health Affairs may be reproduced, displayed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or by information storage or retrieval systems, without prior written permission from the Publisher. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or unauthorized distribution Downloaded from content.healthaffairs.org by Health Affairs on February 29, 2016 at UNIV OF CALIFORNIA Intellectual Property & Innovation By Henry G. Grabowski, Joseph A. DiMasi, and Genia Long 10.1377/hlthaff...
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...Health Care: Right or Privilege Stephen D Ramsey Soc. 120 introduction to ethics Instructor Donna Falloon July 4, 2011 I believe everyone should have a health care plan with good prescription copay. Many people in the United States, like me, have an excellent health care plan. With the economy the way it is, and not much new construction happening, it is almost impossible to work the two-hundred hour per quarter to keep my insurance active. Something has to be done so everyone will be entitled to a decent health care plan. Mandatory insurance is great, but what about the people that can’t afford it. The insurance companies keep raising their rates making it almost impossible to keep decent coverage on yourself and your family for those who have one. I think having insurance is more of a privilege than right to have it. The first of my five resources is The 2009 Obama and McCain debate. “Healthcare was priority number two because that broken healthcare system is bad not only for families, but its making our businesses less completive. Obama talked about giving every American a 5,000 refundable tax credit, and go out and get the health insurance you want, rather than mandates and fines for small businesses. Both Obama and McCain talked about this issue. The Liberty Guardian, by Ron Paul, “With passage of last week’s bill, the American people are now the unhappy recipients of Washington disastrous prescription for healthcare reform, the next step towards universal...
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...Emerging Trends in Healthcare A Journey from Bench to Bedside 17 February 2011 © 2011 KPMG, an Indian Partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. Acknowledgement India’s competitive advantage lies in the lower production and research cost, its large pool of low cost technical and scientifically trained personnel, and large number of compliance certified manufacturers and service providers, which make us different from others. ASSOCHAM feels that technology incubation is no longer confined to a few institutions; it is a responsibility that we have to share, if we wish to see a better and a healthy future ahead. There is an immense need to develop skilled manpower in the area of healthcare and modern as well as traditional medicines. I am glad that this Summit on Emerging trends in Healthcare will bring forth the journey from research desk to the bedside of patient, as we will look at healthcare at the frontline to identify some common challenges that may help explain the complex nature of healthcare and the scale of the “change” challenge. I wish to thank KPMG for unanimously contributing towards this Knowledge Paper, which gives a rich and comprehensive insight of the trend in healthcare. I would also take the opportunity to thank QCI for supporting this event. The case studies contributed providing the best of...
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...healthcare improving, but private healthcare dominates Domestic market overview 09 Background Consolidation underway, despite challenges Contract manufacturing Vaccines Over the counter market holds significant potential Reaching the untapped rural market Growing Research & Development 15 Overview Clinical trials Biotech and biosimilars on track for growth Other growth areas Bioinformatics 20 Stem cell research Medical devices Global Pharma’s evolving business models and options in India 23 Background Export-oriented business (Contract Research and Manufacturing Services) Licensing Franchising Joint ventures Wholly-owned subsidiaries Practical concerns 27 Infrastructure Tax environment Counterfeiting Intellectual property Conclusion 30 Related reading: Pharma 2020 31 References 32 Acronyms 38 Introduction The pharmaceutical industry’s main markets are under serious pressure. North America, Europe and Japan jointly account for 82% of audited and unaudited drug sales; total sales reached US$773 billion in 2008, according to IMS Health. Annual growth in the European Union (EU) has slowed to 5.8%, and sales are increasing at an even more sluggish rate in Japan (2.1%) and North America (1.4%).1 Impending policy changes, promoting the use of generics in these key markets are expected to further dent the top- and bottom-line of global pharma majors. The industry is bracing itself...
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...Tuberculosis _ Epidemiology and Nursing Research. November14, 2013 Tuberculosis _Epidemiology and Nursing Research. Communicable diseases occurs in every country regardless of urban, rural, or with socio economical diversities. In order to help in prevention and control of communicable diseases, locally, nationally and globally, nurses who are working with the public health system , must have basic understanding of epidemiology, microbiology, treatments, and knowledge about public health system and the legal system. Although, the United states attained a significant success in attaining the control over the communicable diseases, compared to the other parts of the world since 1940s, communicable diseases are still leading cause of death in the United States.(Maurer &Smith, 2012). Tuberculosis(TB) is a air bourn infectious disease which is caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. People who are living in poor socioeconomic background and who are living in medically underserved communities are more prone to this deadly , but preventable and curable disease. This disease continue to be as an indicator of poverty and low socio-economic background. Most of the time people affected with this deadly disease are undiagnosed early and affected with malnutrition or immunologically compromised. Tuberculosis can affect several organs...
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...PART A SWOT Analysis As Director of Information Management, I have been task to implement a new clinical information system for the pharmacy at this hospital. The hospital wants a pharmacy that will enable the physicians to have the capability of doing an automatic order through Computerized Physicians Order Entry (CPOE) in hope of reducing order delays, improving the legibility of orders, streamline operations, and ultimately improve patient safety by reducing medical errors. STRENGTH • Strong leadership and executive support • Focus on improved clinical practiced • Physician support • Leading technological hospital in the metropolitan area • Current hospital focus on patient safety • Wide-ranging: various professional groups will be impacted • Highly knowledgeable information system staff • Currently a pleasant and comfortable work environment for staff WEAKNESSES • Rising cost of resources • Limited budget constraints due to previous commitments • Lack of time for user training • New technology and staff attitude towards changes • Physician and clinical staff level of comfort with technology • Some hospitals already have CPOE OPPORTUNITIES • Desire to significantly reduce medication errors • Interest in standardizing medication ordering processes • Concerns of adequate training and assistance available for all involved clinical staff • Need for improved workflow processes in pharmacy services • Must have a positive impact on hospital efficiency ...
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...Q3 2010 www.businessmonitor.com siNGapore pharmaceuticals & healthcare report INCLUDES 10-YEAR FORECASTS TO 2019 issN 1748-216X published by Business monitor international ltd. SINGAPORE PHARMACEUTICALS & HEALTHCARE REPORT Q3 2010 INCLUDING 5-YEAR AND 10-YEAR INDUSTRY FORECASTS BY BMI Part of BMI’s Industry Report & Forecasts Series Published by: Business Monitor International Copy deadline: June 2010 Business Monitor International Mermaid House, 2 Puddle Dock, London, EC4V 3DS, UK Tel: +44 (0) 20 7248 0468 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7248 0467 Email: subs@businessmonitor.com Web: http://www.businessmonitor.com © 2010 Business Monitor International. All rights reserved. All information contained in this publication is copyrighted in the name of Business Monitor International, and as such no part of this publication may be reproduced, repackaged, redistributed, resold in whole or in any part, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or by information storage or retrieval, or by any other means, without the express written consent of the publisher. DISCLAIMER All information contained in this publication has been researched and compiled from sources believed to be accurate and reliable at the time of publishing. However, in view of the natural scope for human and/or mechanical error, either at source or during production, Business Monitor International accepts no...
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...management aware so that they can be committed to the safety of their employees and also to set expectations regarding what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviors. Also, as employees they must do their parts in properly reporting the violent incidents to management. The security team will provide the employee with the incident report form or reporting tool. This form can also be used by external sources such as, police if they need to do a follow on the situation. The documentation will provide factual detail of what happen if the person is prosecuted or for other legal reasons. Mandatory reporting is required by some facilities, and that include incidents against visitors, patients and co-workers. Zero tolerance policy will accompany mandatory reporting. Zero-tolerance is a violence prevention method in which there is absolutely no tolerance for inappropriate behaviors and activities. The policy also implies that those who participate in or fail to report incidents will be reprimanded (Perry, 2000, p. 60). Managers will have to make sure...
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...GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH DEBATE: DESIGNING PROGRAMS TO MITIGATE RISKS MOYE BONGYU University of Dschang, Cameroon GLORIA BILLINGSLEY Walden University MUSTAFA YOUNIS EMEKA NWAGWU Jackson State University ABSTRACT Human health is determined by both natural and artificial factors, amongst which what people consume is a critical variable. There is no consensus about the likely effects of the Genetically Modified foods/organisms (GMOs), but the fact remains that their effects on health are risky and highly unpredictable especially with the globalization tendency. The purpose of this study is to examine how the GMOs risks to public health can be reduced by policymakers enhancing public confidence in the GM foods. The Precaution Adoption Model (PAPM) has been selected to tackle this health problem. This model has been described and evaluation strategies analyzed on the basis of which success can be determined. BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Human health is determined by both natural and artificial factors, amongst which what people consume is a critical variable. The proliferation of genetically modified (GM) food in the marketplace has resulted in heated public debate, scientific discussion and media coverage about their safety. Formerly, the use of selective breeding was commonplace but this was a sluggish and unreliable Public Administration & Management Volume 13, Number 3, 191-217 192 method. Genetic engineering now allows scientists to insert specific...
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...BACKGROUND Despite the excellent quality of American medicine at its best, there are tremendous areas of concern over the quality of medical care as delivered in the United States. A substantial proportion of the American people remain uninsured. There is concern that many people—perhaps most—are not meeting guidelines for control of blood pressure, serum lipids, and diabetes. There is concern that we as a society have not done a good enough job at seeking value. We fail to provide adequate care in some areas while lavishing resources in others. Finally, there is concern over the ability of society to continue to afford the care that is being offered. The Institute of Medicine has called for a medical care system that offers care that is • Safe • Effective • Patient centered • Timely • Efficient • Equitable.1 PROBLEM DEFINITION There are significant problems in the way that medical care is reimbursed. In principal, all goods and services should be priced and paid for by the market mechanism of willingness to pay, governed by supply and demand. However medicine lacks this type of mechanism because the payers are disconnected from the consumers. We have come to see this as the way it should be for 2 interrelated reasons. The first is that very few in society could afford care for catastrophic conditions, such as bone marrow transplantation. The second is that many, perhaps most, people in our society view medicine as a right, much like grade school education or clean...
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