...American Political Culture & Values According to the text book, political culture is a set of beliefs broadly shared, value, and norms regarding on how the political and economic life should be done. The political cultures determine the relationship of citizens to government, to one another, and to the economy. American political culture may share beliefs, values and norms, with other countries, but the amount of configuration of each political culture is unique. No matter how extensive the consensus organization, culture contains values that overlap and conflict; the American political culture is no exception. The values of American political culture are based in the XVIII century philosophy that should heavily influence the founders. In recent years, the values has also been added, some support the original, some conflicts: Liberty is the value of freedom can be the most important source of stimulation for the American Revolution, and it is still a core value today. Freedom is one of the natural rights first cited by John Locke and later by Thomas Jefferson “that among these rights are life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness”; Equality- once again, Thomas Jefferson refers to the basic values of the Declaration of Independence “We hold these truth to be self-evident, that all people are created equal” Although most Americans do not believe that people are equal in every sense of the word, the fundamental belief in equality of opportunity and equal treatment...
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...Political culture is defined as “a shared framework of values, beliefs and habits of behavior with regard to government and politics” (Newell et al. 21). There are three different patterns of political culture across the United States: moralistic, individualistic, and traditionalistic. Texas, like some other states, has a mix of traditionalistic and individualistic political culture. Its traditionalistic political culture means “citizens technically believe in democracy, but emphasize deference to an elite rule” (22), and its individualistic political culture means “the citizens understand the state and nation as marketplaces in which people strive to better their personal welfare” (22). Texas’s former slave-allowing confederacy membership and its business orientation are the main reasons as to why it’s traditionalistic and individualistic....
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...Political culture vs. sovereign state Regardless of the difficulties of the state to identify with the nation and to appear as its authentic representative, in Greek political culture the state also faces an inherent problem that is consistent with the nature of the political system. We established earlier that corresponding to the nation-state in the small-scale anthropocentric cosmosystem was the city. However, the resistances of the political culture which comes out of the small politeian scale, albeit strong in the past, was not the main source of controversy over the nation-state. The more significant controversy concerns the relationship it introduces between society and politics, which completely ignores the definition of politics in terms of freedom and therefore excludes a political system that expresses it. The contrast of the inherited political culture in the system of the nation-state is basically concentrated: First, on the principle of the unity of the political system in the whole state and, therefore, on its opposition to the principle of political auto-institutionalization of the “difference.” This explains the fact that Greece displays the largest resistance to the development of self-administration among the countries of the European Union, despite the fact that it does not have problems of cultural (ethnic, etc.) differentiation. Second, on the principle of the dichotomy between the social and the political, which means the exclusion of the society from...
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...Each country has different political cultures. So, what is the United States political culture? Political culture in the U.S. are a set of feelings, opinions, and values people collectively have about our political system. It is how the people feel about the government and politics in general. It should not be confused with political ideology, which are beliefs that the government or politics influences the way someone votes. The United States has a set of political values that make up our political culture: Liberty, Equality, and Democracy. Liberty is all about self-ownership. Meaning that everyone has control of their own way of living. The people make decisions for themselves. The government has no control over how someone feels, what...
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...Political culture is defined as the "broadly shared values, beliefs, and attitudes about how government should function and politics should operate." The American political culture strongly emphasizes the values of liberty, equality and democracy. There are three types of political culture, as defined by political scientist Daniel Elazer; moralistic, individualistic, and traditionalistic cultures. Moralistic political culture focuses on the promotion of the public good and advancement of public welfare. Everyone is expected to participate in the political process and are encouraged to pursue civic activities that further promote the public good. In this culture the government is perceived as good and is relied on to further the interests of the people. Individualistic political culture captured those who valued material wealth and personal freedoms. This political culture holds a low value on citizen participation in politics; political matters are to be left to the professionals. The role of the government is extremely limited, their only true responsibility is to ensure stability for the state so that individuals can continue to pursue self-economic interests. Traditionalistic political culture originated...
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...Is Youth Culture Apathetic Towards the Modern Political Process? It is often said that young people lack interest and concern in politics, showing indifference to the modern political process. This claim will be explored in the context of contemporary Britain, acknowledging possible explanations for this apathy and analysing how recent trends may be affecting the level of political interest amongst the youth culture. The difference between old and modern politics will also be discussed, examining how this fits in with youth culture. To begin to acknoweldge why young people may be apathetic towards the modern political process, it is crucial to understand how the youth view politics and how these views have been acquired. For some it would seem that there is a definite lack of education in what politics is, rather than a complete lack of interest. The National Curriculum consists of 4 key stages and it is not until Citizenship lessons at key stage 3 (11 - 14 years old) that British children are taught "knowledge and understanding about becoming informed citizens" (National Curriculum Online: nc.uk.net) which includes topics on politics. Because of the legal obligations to schools to abide by the National Curriculum many find it difficult or impossible to offer content outside of its scope - the result being that only National Curriculum material is covered. In terms of political education, this means that many children have had no educational of politics since the introduction...
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...A comparative study of political, economic and social-cultures issues of the Russia and India Prepared for: Dr. Joe Zhou Peng Submitted: 11 May 2015 Prepared by: Zahara CitraArifin 006 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 1 Task 1 1.1 Economy of Russia and India 2 Terrorist aspects of globalization 2 1.2 Political System of Russia and India 3 Discrimination against Woman 4 Corruption 4 1.3 Socio-Cultural of Russia and India 5 Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension of Russia and India 5 Written and Unwritten Laws 6 Task 2 2.1 Culture Shock 7 2.2 Cross Cultural Training ...
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...HOW CAN WE IMPROVE OUR POLITICAL CULTURE Political culture is referred to what people believe and feel about the government, and how they think people should act towards it, and to understand the relationship of a government to its people and how those people are going to act towards that government and others. Political culture is important because it establishes against which politics unfold. It covers the: 1. Obligations of the government 2. The relationship between government and the people 3. The rights and responsibility of the people 4. The limits on governmental authority They have been for sometime we say that all politicians lie and that none can be trusted. Politics and Politicians are most hated by us because they intend to distance themselves when certain problem arises. We need to change how politicians do politics. They think they are doing more good than than harm. As we know it is impossible to get both the parties to combine as one, but if they could I know for sure that this society would be better, although everyone wants to be a leader. But above all that they campaign, bargain, organize, and do all types of work of making phone calls, making promises of fixing roads, bridges, market places, decrease of crime getting jobs and more. Secondly we need to consider getting more police personnel in the streets, and mostly at the schools. Nowadays the children are bringing all sorts of weapons to school to hurt each other. So the police would...
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...The Death of Radio: an Analysis based on Mass Communication as a Political Economy and Culture Saad Rana ICMS Abstract Before the advent of television, radio was the form of broadcast medium to disseminate information to the masses. Broadcasters announced news, provided infotainment, as well as entertainment in the form of stories and shows with live audiences in the studio. This paper will look at radio as a form of mass communication, the proliferation of other types of broadcast media. The paper will try to understand the political economy of the industry and how it has become big business by analyzing Murdock and Golding's The Industrialization of Mass Communications. MacDonald's Theory of Mass Culture will be dissected to understand that although radio was a form of mass culture, it provided entertainment to the masses, which allows the economy to thrive. Discussion In their paper, 'The Industrialization of Mass Communications,' Murdock and Golding imply that mass communications—how people or organizations communicate to the masses—is a money-making industry, and like all other industries such as technological, auto etc.; it is susceptible to losing its value for what it was intended to be –a pure form of communicating to the masses. Their theory on mass communications focuses on the industry as a political economy which is how an economy cycles, questioning and arguing the ownership and control of media, factors that bring together media industries with other...
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...2. According to the text, public opinion polls are surveys that are used to get the populations’ views on certain issues. They are the most useful to policymakers and political candidates by giving them an idea on the population feelings about specific issues. They can then use that information to determine what policies to make or agendas to make during campaigning. They are also used by journalists who use the data collected from the polls to support their ideas on certain topics. They are conducted by first determining the sample population to survey depending on the topic of the poll being administered. The pollster asks the sample a series of questions to determine their opinion on the issue being focused on. This can be done in person...
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...Develop the argument that certain kinds of cultures, political and economic systems are, by their nature, resistant to economic development through international trade. In this modern age of globalization, where capital can cross the national borders so easily and the investment funds can be pulled from one country to another in order to respond to new business opportunities, economic development is attainable in the most of the countries. However, the economic development depends on the certain kinds of cultures, political and economic systems. In general for any country to reach an economic development there are few conditions to be met such as stable government, no corruption and friendly culture. In other words, economic development is “affected by those intangibles that are collectively known as culture” (Francis & Hezel). Max Weber in the early 20th century offered a different view on how cultural and even religious values impact the economic output. “He argued that the Protestant work ethic, supported by Reformation teachings that the pursuit of wealth was a duty, inculcated the virtues needed for maximum economic productivity. For this reason, Protestants were more productive than Catholics throughout Europe-just think of Germany and Great Britain, for instance, compared to Ireland, Spain, Portugal and Italy in his day.” (Francis & Hezel). The question is why some countries do very well, while others fail to develop, even when there are help to support their development...
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...of different cultures as being collective or individualist. Collectivism and individualism are proposed as the possible underlying variables for countries from the West and the East (Triandis, 1995). Collectivism is described as the theory and actions that makes some sort of people rather than the individual the essential unit of social, political, and economic concern. Individualism on the other hand holds that a person should think and make decisions independently, with respect to nothing more than the dominion of his or her mind; thus, it is closely connected with the theory of autonomy. In this case the countries in consideration are the individualistic USA and the collectivistic Korea. The first observation made is that in the individualist culture of USA tends to be economically rich while the one of Korea is poor due to collectivism. This goes to the personal level where one culture has got its members as individualists which enhances personal competition while the other has its members being collectivists which enhances cooperation among them. In Korea parents treat children as equals while in USA parents teach children obedience (Daun, 1991). Hierarchy in Korean organizations is established from practical lessons while in USA organizations show existence of inequality between the different levels. Power distance is the scope of equality, or inequality, among people in a particular society or country. In a country that embraces the individualist culture like USA, there...
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...During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century’s the Western cultures had began to modernize with technology, communication and the military. The growth had given the Western culture political power and economic success in other cultures. As the Western culture reaped accomplishments, other cultures feared the change and the progression. Struggling with the influence of the western cultures the non-western cultures had their own ways and their own values; they were not ready to take on neither change nor modifications, creating a decentering of their own culture, as they began losing their own identities. Due to the globalization of the nineteenth to the twentieth century non western cultures were faced with the influences of the western cultures, causing a decentering of their own culture. During the twentieth century such things as fashion, music, traditions, media, communication, and technology began to change and modernize to the times. Technology and communication has had an overwhelming growth since the nineteenth century. Some cultures such as music and literature has been passed down from generation to generation. There are many cultures that suffered decentering, such as Africa. The impact that the European culture had on Africa was devastating, as families and villages began to fall as men were sold or traded as slaves The African culture had many of their own traditions and their region flourished prior to the Europeans. The African nation lived quietly in...
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...Define individualism and explain its implications for the state. Individualism is the belief in the supreme importance of the individual over any collective body or social group. It stems from the liberal belief on human nature that humans are of a self-reliant and uphold a rational nature. Therefore, human beings within society should acquire freedom. Methodological individualism is the idea that with any policy that the government creates, it should be created with the individual’s wellbeing at the heart of it. The government should only make policies that would benefit the individual. This goes against Bentham’s idea of ‘the greater good for the greatest number’ as it highlights the belief of the individual themselves rather than society on a whole. Egoistical individualism which is favoured by Classical Liberals, upholds the belief that the government should have a ‘minimum role’ within society. It underpins the idea that the individual should be left alone to flourish their talents with only the ‘night watchmen’ overlooking small factors within society such as defence. Opposing this would be a Modern Liberal’s view who favour developmental individualism. This idea promotes self-flourishing which could lead on the self-realisation upon the individual’s talents. This would happen through the welfare state which would provide a means for the poor or socials disadvantaged to be empowered and realise their full potential allowing them to become experts within their...
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...When arriving in a different country, a new feeling rushes to the mind. “This is a new place and their culture might be very different”. Even though the thought of that their culture might be different is often thought, it is hard to comprehend it and believe it fully. A very good example is when Bill Bryson visits Sweden. Bryson states that Sweden is a very cold and unfriendly country. Bryson who usually lives in England travels through Europa and in chapter 11 he visits Sweden, Gothenburg. He was very unlucky from the get-go and from his perspective he had a dreadful time in Sweden. He nags and points out all the different things in the Swedish culture that is inferior to his culture, like how swedes usually are very finicky and punctual or how everything is too expensive. To top it off, a quote from Bryson when he summarizes Sweden. “No wonder so many Swedes kill themselves”....
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