...Political, legal, and regulatory risks The Rules on the Regulation of Franchise (Italian Senate) in articles 2-3 under the Scope of Law demands that any third party business relations must be in writing or will be considered null in void. A distinct plan of organization will be key in handling all written documentation as well as third party witnessing. The Rules on the Regulation of Franchise also states that all documentation must by law, must coincide with the original agreement made by franchisor and cannot be changed without further consent. Any misleading or false information can be due to lack of accurate translation and is punishable by annulment of agreement. To avoid this risk any form of communication, as well as product journalism and financial documents, should be translated into Italian by a professional, and preferably followed with an e-mail or telephone call. Also, there are business schools that can offer placements to aid with the subject of translation. Furthermore, using the Italian language in documents, such as invoices, will aid in the clarification of all intentions and eliminate confusion or misunderstanding. Market Risks (four Ps) PRICE The average cost of a cup of coffee in Italy (4.92 EU or $7 USD) is doubled the price of an average sized breakfast (2.35 EU or $3 USD). The subject of price must be paid close attention as to not be deemed as “overpriced” in a country filled with locals who know the value of a good cup of coffee. The price must...
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...JIT2 Task (A) Risk Management Register: Risk | Description | Owner | Source | Likelihood of Occurrence* | Severity of Impact* | Controllability* | Macroeconomics Risks | Economic downturn could pose risk to sales development. | Accounting Team/Sales Team | Poor economy, not enough jobs, people not purchasing as much | High | High | Low | Consumer Demand Risks | Not being able to respond to consumer wants/demands quickly enough, leading to short-term revenue loss | Marketing Team | Consumer interests change, other companies offer newer/better product | Medium | Medium | Medium | Industry Consolidation Risks (bargaining power) | Decreased bargaining power, price wars, inflated discounts, limited space within retailers | Sourcing, Pricing, Marketing and General Counsel Legal Teams | Market consolidation and strategic alliances | High | Medium | Medium | Political and Regulatory Risks | Trade policies | Government Relations Team/General Counsel Legal Team | Restrictions on importing and tariffs that disrupt free flow of goods | Medium | Medium | Low | Legal Risks | Patents and third-party trademark infringement- must be careful not to raise concern for risk when creating and marketing new products | General Counsel Legal Team | Many competitors in same business marketing similar products | Low | Medium | High | Product Counterfeiting and Imitation Risks | Other vendors stealing logos and designs and portraying their imitation products as original | Product Branding...
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...AMB Country Risk Report September 28, 2011 Pakistan Country Risk Tier CRT-5 • The Country Risk Tier (CRT) reflects A.M. Best’s assessment of three categories of risk: Economic, Political and Financial System Risk. • Pakistan, a CRT-5 country, is itself the site of military and terrorist activity. Its fundamental lack of political stability is a challenge to its economic and financial outlook. Economic Risk Moderate Low High • Regional instability and domestic bureaucratic inadequacies challenge this economy that, though recently liberalized by the government, supports a relatively low-income population. • In addition to the need to eliminate terrorist violence in Pakistan, the government must continue to work to strengthen the legal system and transparency in government to increase growth in Pakistan’s economy and industry. Very Low Very High Political Risk Moderate Low High Very Low Very High Financial System Risk Moderate Low High Very Low Very High For information on companies followed Market Outlooks Copyright © 2011 by A.M. Best Company, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means; electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise. 1 AMB Country Risk Report Pakistan Regional Summary: South Central Asia • The region of South Central Asia, comprising the countries south of the Himalayans, is...
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...Country Risk and Strategic Planning Analysis Nichelle Ball, Michael D. Bishop, Cather Bohannon, Kodi Mason, Crystal McCrimmon MGT/448 December 11, 2012 Karen Dixon-Brugh, Ph. D. |Country Risk and Strategic Planning Analysis | |The Week Three learning team assignment is divided into two halves. In the first half of the assignment, Learning Team “C” will | |conduct a country risk analysis for the selected global business venture in South Africa. The topics that will be analyzed are | |the political, legal, and regulatory risks; the exchange and repatriation of funds risks; and the competitive risk assessment. | |The second group of analyses will evaluate the taxation and double taxation risks; the four P’s of market risks, and will analyze | |the distribution and supply chain risks. The final group in the risks analysis seeks to address the physical and environmental | |challenges to entering and operating in a target market, analyze the social and cultural risks, and address the cyber or | |technological risks. | |In the second half of the Week Three assignment Learning Team “C” will summarize the strategic planning process by defining and | |clarifying the mission and objectives, performing a SWOTT analysis...
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...Chapter 2: The Political, Legal, and Technological Environment Learning Objectives and Chapter Summary |1. |INTRODUCE the basic political systems that characterize regions and countries around the world and offer brief examples of | | |each and their implications for international management. | | | | | |The global political environment can be understood via an appreciation of ideologies and political systems. Ideologies, | | |including individualism and collectivism, reflect underlying tendencies in society. Political systems, including democracy| | |and totalitarianism, incorporate the ideologies into political structures. There are fewer and fewer purely collectivist or| | |socialist societies, although totalitarianism still exists in several countries and regions. Many countries are | | |experiencing transitions from more socialist to democratic systems, reflecting related trends discussed in Chapter 1 toward| | |more market-oriented economic systems. | |2. |PRESENT an overview of the legal and regulatory environment in which MNCs operate worldwide, and highlight differences in | | |approach to different legal and regulatory...
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...Country Risk and Entry Mode Selection Political, legal and regulatory risks Political, legal and regulatory risks, for example, exchange and repatriation of funds risks of our host country, Japan includes the following: Marketers must attempt to comply with the host country’s laws and regulations and keep up with laws and regulations that change frequently. Some examples of Political risks include: War, Social unrest, politically motivated violence, Social conditions, corruption, labor costs and tax discrimination. The political impact on economic transformation includes deregulation, privatization, and the creation of a legal system to protect property rights. The legal risks include the rules and laws that regulate the host country’s behavior; property rights, private and public actions. International property issues include protection of property by law enforcement and product safety and liability. This also includes competitiveness and ethics. Social and cultural risks There are so many risks when conducting business in an Asian country that you must consider before you decide to conduct business overseas. One of the first things you must figure out is will our product need to be adapted for Asian markets. Some Adjustment is ok, but we would need to figure out if wearing rings is a big thing in the culture. We also should look at which colors and metals are best to use and which are most popular. Another issue that needs to be looked at is how accessible would...
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...Country Risk Analysis: John D. Young MGT 448 January 16, 2010 Stephen Thomas Country Risk Analysis When entering any market, analyzing the business risks is an important process. Many sources of risk exist and responsible organization will examine every possible source in preparation for managing a variety of issues. These risk types include political, legal, and regulatory risk, exchange and repatriation of funds risk, competitive risk, taxation and double taxation risk, market risk, distribution and supply chain risk, physical and environmental risk, social and cultural risk, and cyber-risk or technological risk. Political, Legal, and Regulatory Risks Politically, China faces some stability issues. China has a Communist government. In many cases, this regime has led to stability that has helped the country reach the more recent levels of economic improvement, despite some notable discontent among its people (Cai & Li, 2009). However, since reaching a more prosperous economy China has been at odds with itself. Balancing its communistic central government with capitalistic economic centers has been unsuccessful. Additionally, the development of the nation has led to a large disparity between the classes with some rural regions looking as they did decades ago whereas urban centers rival New York and Tokyo in excess (AMBest Co Inc., 2011). This generates a lack of trust in smaller regional centers and towns that threatens to create instability in China (Ke...
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...Country Risk and Strategic Planning Analysis Paper University of Phoenix MGT/448 Kathryn Hayman December 19, 2011 Team C has decided to conduct a country risk analysis for the country of Mexico. The selected business venture is about laptop computers. When it comes to global business ventures there also comes a great amount of risks. In the following paragraphs is an analysis of the following risks; political, legal, and regulatory risks, exchange and repatriation of funds risks, competitive risk assessment, taxation and double taxation risks, market risks, distribution and supply chain risks, physical and environmental challenges to entering and operating in a target market, social and cultural risks, and cyber or technology risks. A description of how these risks would be managed and a summary of the strategic planning process will be explained. Mexico has a moderate political risk according to AM Bests Country risk report. Mexico ties with large, developed countries that are very strong has help them in this aspect when it comes to their political risk. NAFTA North American Fair Trade Agreement also helps in this respect since it is now one of the largest free trade areas. This agreement was established between the Unites States, Canada, and Mexico and became effective on January 1, 1994. This alliance has brought economic growth and rising standards to the citizens of these three countries. There are many advantages of NAFTA, being that it has created...
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...argumentative essay | Quincy Barrow 11-7-2016 | Introduction Investors have been attracted to emerging markets since the early 2000s due to their huge growth potential during their economic transition from being a developing country into becoming a developed country. Between the year 2000 and 2011 the rapid growth in nations like Brazil, Russia, India and China - also known as the BRIC nations - has created many investment opportunities for foreign investors. Later countries like Chile, Egypt, Colombia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, South Africa and Thailand have also been classified as emerging markets based on the MSCI benchmark. This essay touches on the reasons why investors should invest in emerging markets, which risks investors could have and how these risks could be mitigated. Emerging markets have been the drivers of the global economy According to Forbes (N.D.) over 70% of the global economic growth in the recent years has from emerging markets and their growing economies, 40% of which was estimated to have come from China and India. China’s purchasing power is expected to go beyond that of the United States by the end of 2016, despite the growth slowing down in recent years. Also, nations like China and India have had a significant contribution to the growth in the world’s GDP in the last decade, including in the 2008 credit crisis. With the up rise of countries like South Africa, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates that are showing characteristics and growth trends...
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...Ph.D. Education: Economics Doctorate, University of Utah Expert Fields: Development, Labor, Public, Health, Gender, Forensic Economics Current Research: Microfinance, Poverty & Socioeconomics in Cambodia “The Success and failure of firms around the globe are determined by firms’ ability to understand and take advantage of the different rules of the game”. Understanding Institutions… • What is an institution? • “The humanly devised constraints that structure human interaction” • Douglass North (Nobel Laureate) Understanding Institutions… • Institutional Framework • Formal and informal institutions governing individual/firm behavior. • Supported by three pillars: • Regulatory • Normative • Cognitive Understanding Institutions… • Regulatory Pillar (formal) • Coercive power of governments • Laws, regulations, rules • Normative Pillar (informal) • The values, beliefs and actions of a group (emotions) • Cognitive Pillar (informal) • Internalized values and beliefs that guide behavior • Culture & Ethics (logic) • How do these pillars shape behavior? Understanding Institutions… • What is the KEY ROLE of an institution? • Reduce Uncertainty! • Institutions constrain the range of acceptable actions. • Uncertainty surrounding economic transactions can lead to transaction costs. • Misunderstandings and conflicts. Understanding Institutions… • Institutions are not static • Some countries are in transition from centrally ...
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...traditional assurance, advisory, tax and transaction advisory services, our professionals work with you to reduce the complexity of legislation, help align your tax strategy with your business goals, expand into new markets and pursue mergers, acquisitions or other strategy transactions to take your business to the next level. We can provide guidance around how to manage and control your risks, so that you can approach the future with confidence. So whether your business thrives on entrepreneurial spirit, innovation or superior customer service – and regardless of your stage of growth – our Strategic Growth Markets team can help you take the next step. It’s not luck that makes leaders. Ernst & Young is a global leader in assurance, tax, transaction and advisory services. Worldwide, our 144,000 people are united by our shared values and an unwavering commitment to quality. We make a difference by helping our people, our clients and our wider communities achieve their potential. Ernst & Young refers to the global organization of member firms of Ernst & Young Global Limited, each of which is a separate legal entity. Ernst & Young Global Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, does not provide...
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...NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Learner: Terry L Green THIS FORM MUST BE COMPLETELY FILLED IN Please Follow These Procedures: If requested by your mentor, use an assignment cover sheet as the first page of the word processor file. The assignment header should include the Learner’s last name, first initial, course code, dash, and assignment number (DoeJXXX0000-1) justified to the left and the page number justified to the right. Keep a Photocopy or Electronic Copy of Your Assignments: You may need to re-submit assignments if your mentor has indicated that you may or must do so. Academic Integrity: All work submitted in each course must be the Learner’s own. This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by the faculty mentor. The known submission of another person’s work represented as that of the Learner’s without properly citing the source of the work will be considered plagiarism and will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitted or for the entire course, and may result in academic dismissal. | | BTM8102-8 | Kris Iyer, PhD | | | Business Research Methodology | GreenTBTM8102-2 | | | <Add Learner comments here> ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Faculty Use Only ------------------------------------------------- <Faculty comments here> ...
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...environment Sources of Risk for International Managers -Exogenous- General environmental factors, industry-related uncertainties and some firm-specific uncertainties. -Endogenous- Uncertainties that arise from within the firm, and include managerial perceptions, attitudes and organizational perspectives. -Top two exogenous risks facing business leaders and policy makers for 2012 and the next decade would be severe income disparity (The unequal distribution of household or individual income across the various participants in the economy) and chronic fiscal imbalances (situation where all of the future debt obligations of a government are different from the future income streams) -Other issues: natural disasters such as 2011 earthquake in Japan, flood in Thailand, Political uncertainty in China and Middle East -Globalization has compounded the types and level of business risks. *Typical challenges that managers face involve politics, cultural differences, global competition, Terrorism and Technology. Managers in companies are struggling to find ways to balance their social responsibilities, their images, and their competitive strategies. -PESTEL- An analytical tool to develop and understanding of exogenous risk -Pestel analysis- Political, Ethical, Social, Technological, Environmental and legal understanding or environmental scanning that is CRITICAL if we are to strategically plan and develop our value proposition. -> Exogenous creates Endogenous RISK SWOT Analysis- an...
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...are still being felt as the government continues to struggle with the bailout to stabilize the financial system, mitigate contagion risk, and resolve the CLICO crisis. Even one year after the bailout, there was still no resolution of the crisis. In view of the intractable nature of the CLICO collapse, the People’s Partnership government that came to power on May 24, 2010 established a commission of enquiry to investigate the causes of CLICO’s collapse, the scope of the MOU, the cost of the bailout, and the failure to provide a bailout to the Hindu Credit Union (HCU) that collapsed in 2008. There are many questions that are still unanswered. What were the root causes of CLICO’s collapse? What corporate governance structures and practices precipitated the collapse? Did the bailout create moral hazard? Who or what was to blame for the collapse? What action has the government taken to date? What lessons have been learnt and, more importantly, how can this situation be prevented from being repeated in the future? This concept paper examines these questions, analyzes the evidence to find answers, and in the conclusion, suggests ways to improve corporate governance and the empowerment of regulators to provide competent regulatory oversight and enforcement. Key words: financial collapse, bailout, corporate governance, moral hazard, political influence, risk management Introduction The devastating effects of the corporate collapse of Colonial Life Insurance Company...
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...March 2011 Changing the agenda – The role of corporate governance and risk management in financial regulatory reform As regulators and policymakers continue their efforts to find the best way to prevent a repetition of the financial crisis that almost engulfed the world economy, re-evaluating how corporate governance and risk management can make the financial system more secure has become a crucial question. Clifford Chance organised three round-table debates between 2009-2010 to assess this issue. With financial regulatory reform continuing to dominate the global political agenda, Clifford Chance has decided to publish a summary of these discussions as part of its commitment to promoting a balanced and informed analysis of the challenges that lie ahead. Much has been written and spoken about the causes of the financial crisis. Most people accept it is time to learn the lessons and move on. While the need to reform the banking and the financial services sector is beyond question, there is a tension between the desire to ‘get it right’ and the intense pressure for politicians and regulators to act quickly and decisively. In the ensuing debate over regulation and reform, the real issues of corporate governance and risk management have been largely obscured by the remuneration question. “There are some conflicting imperatives,” said Michael Bray, a partner in Clifford Chance’s London office. “We still have a long way to go.” Among a host of challenges facing the global financial...
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