...Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Name Institutional Affiliation Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder mostly develops after a person is exposed to a horrible or terrifying ordeal that involved physical harm, death, or any other threat (Dunkley et al., 2015). Therefore, I can argue out that it is a mental illness that develops after some traumatic events. However, not everyone who has experienced or witnessed some traumatic event has this disorder. Those who develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder may at some point be the ones who were harmed, witnesses of harm that occurred to their loved ones or even strangers. Research shows that at some point, those who are victims of the disorder may experience stress and fear even when they are not in danger (Dunkley et al., 2015). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, commonly referred to as PTSD, develops in children, teens, as well as adults. Therefore, it does not have a limit because anyone can develop the disorder. However, adults have proved to experience severe signs and symptoms of the disorder compared with teens and children (Dunkley et al., 2015). Moreover, not everyone with PTSD has experienced or witnessed a terrifying event. However, adults are more likely to develop PTSD than children, particularly after a past trauma. Causes of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Research shows that PTSD is caused by the past exposure to the traumatic event. However, there are other causes of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder...
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...NDIZIHIWE Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on Soldiers, Communities, Societies From War Participation MARCH 2012 TABLE OF CONTENT PROLOGUE PART I POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER Part II: IMPACT ON THE INDIVIDUAL Part III: IMPACT ON FAMILY Part IV: IMPACT ON THE COMMUNITY PART V: OVERCOMING POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER PART VI: DISCUSSION BIBLIOGRAPHY Post-Traumatic stress Disorders on Soldiers, Communities, Societies from War Participation Prologue A few years back when I was in Rwanda, it was no longer surprising to a attend a memorial ceremony and each time, all of a sudden, some women would start screaming:"They are coming for me!" as if they were being chased to death or men losing control and start shouting at another group of people:"You murderers!". We were used to this phenomenon but a newcomer would certainly creep out. For me, their reaction is perfectly understandable and tough I view it from my country's perspective and experience, post traumatic stress disorder is a global sociological and psychological issue that needs to be addressed. Conflicts inciting violence are still going on, some have ended but a large number of war survivors and victims are still haunted by the memories, they have experienced the worst situations humanly possible and if the issue is not addressed properly, trauma can be perpetual. Post traumatic...
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...What is PTSD? Post-traumatic stress disorder has been around for a long time. In fact, it was first recorded as Da Costa's syndrome during the American Civil War. Usually associated with military service, PTSD is also called "shell shock" and "battle fatigue." But it doesn't only affect war veterans - it can also affect civilian men, women, and children who have experienced particularly traumatic events. PTSD occurs after a distressing event, like war, terrorism, torture, natural disasters, accidents, chidhood sexual abuse, domestic violence, or rape. Usually the disorder begins within three months of this experience, although the disorder can take years to appear in some cases. Common PTSD effects include extreme fear, depression, and anxiety. Generally, post-traumatic stress lasts only for a short period (6 months) but in some cases the disorder can become chronic and last for years. Post-traumatic stress affects both men and women, and can affect children as well. Women are much more likely to suffer from the disorder though - of those women exposed to a traumatic event, 20% will exhibit symptoms of PTSD, and 30% of those women will develop chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. What Causes PTSD? Post-traumatic stress disorder is caused by a traumatic event. However, there may be other causes of PTSD. In some cases, the sufferer may have been predisposed to development of the disorder before this event occurred. Men and women with a history of drug or alcohol abuse, experiences...
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...The ChildTrauma Academy www.ChildTrauma.org EFFECTS OF TRAUMATIC EVENTS ON CHILDREN AN INTRODUCTION Traumatic Event Prolonged Alarm Reaction Altered Neural Systems BD Perry MD, PhD Bruce D. Perry, MD, Ph.D. This booklet is one in a series developed by the ChildTrauma Academy to assist parents, caregivers, teachers and various professionals working with maltreated and traumatized children. All Rights Reserved © 2003 Bruce D. Perry Effects of Trauma on Children: Perry 2 Introduction Each year in the United States approximately five million children experience some form of traumatic experience. More than two million of these are victims of physical and/or sexual abuse. Millions more are living in the terrorizing atmosphere of domestic violence. Natural disasters, car accidents, life-threatening medical conditions, painful procedures, exposure to community violence – all can have traumatic impact on the child. By the time a child reaches the age of eighteen, the probability that any child will have been touched directly by interpersonal or community violence is approximately one in four. Traumatic experiences can have a devastating impact on the child, altering their physical, emotional, cognitive and social development. In turn, the impact on the child has profound implications for their family, community and, ultimately, us all. Traumatic events in childhood increase risk for a host of social (e.g., teenage pregnancy, adolescent...
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...Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic Stress Disorder When people think about Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, everyone thinks about different things. The thoughts of men and women coming home from a war and truly are traumatized by what they saw, and are not able to recover to live a life like they had before they went to war. Doctors will be the first to say that this is not the only way for people to develop symptoms of post-traumatic stress. People right in any neighborhood can develop the disorder and have never stepped foot near an army, navy, or marine base in their life. There are many ways for a person to develop post-traumatic stress without going to war, which most people are probably unaware of when they start to read about it. Although every person suffers differently and the effects and symptoms of PTSD are frequently different with each person, they all suffer from the same disorder. Post-traumatic Stress or more commonly known as PTSD is a regular reaction to an uncharacteristic experience that is far outside normal human experience, causing substantial distress and damage to a person mentally, physically, and emotionally. When people have experienced a tragic life experience, many develop symptoms of PTSD because of the tragedy. Tragic experiences can range from going to war and seeing horrific scenes, a bad car accident that injured themselves and possibly others, and childhood situations such as molestation or loss of a parent or close family...
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...Post-traumatic Stress Disorder By: Eric Wallace COM/156 May 18, 2013 Ms. Burright Post-traumatic Stress Disorder When you think about Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, what do you think about? For me, the thoughts of men and women coming home from a war and being traumatized by what they say, and not being able to recover to live a life like they had before they went to war. Doctors will be the first to tell you that this is not the only way for people to develop symptoms of post-traumatic stress. People right in your own neighborhood can develop the disorder and have never stepped foot near an army, navy, or marine base in their life. How could this have happened you ask? Well there are many ways for a person to develop post-traumatic stress without going to war, which most of you are probably unaware of when you started reading about it. Although every person suffers differently and the effects and symptoms of PTSD are frequently different with each person, they all suffer from the same disorder. Post-traumatic Stress or more commonly known as PTSD is a regular reaction to an uncharacteristic experience that is far outside normal human experience, causing substantial distress and damage to a person mentally, physically, and emotionally. When people have experienced a tragic life experience, many develop symptoms of PTSD because of the tragedy. Tragic experiences can range from going to war and seeing horrific scenes, a bad car accident that injured themselves and/or...
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...07/25/13 Summary for HES 1 Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: Causes and Symptoms Every individual has gone through some sort of danger. Everyone, at some point, has been afraid. Fear triggers many instant changes in the body. These changes help the body prepare itself to defend against danger or to avoid it. This is taught as the “fight or flight” response. It is a healthy reaction meant to protect an individual from harm. But in post traumatic stress disorder, this reaction is changed or damaged. Traumatic events bring out a reaction from an individual that may be different from that of another. Everyone is unique to their own ability to manage fear or stress and to cope with any threats posed by a traumatic event. This is why not everyone who experiences or witnesses a trauma will develop post traumatic stress disorder. It is not known why traumatic events cause PTSD in some individuals and not in others. In a time a traumatic event, the body will release stress hormones and chemicals. Generally, the body will recover after the event, and hormone and chemical levels will return to normal. For some reason the body of an individual with PTSD will continue to release the stress hormones and chemicals. Whether or not an individual will develop PTSD depends on many contributing factors. Some of these factors can be genes, emotions, and family settings, the intensity or duration of the trauma, any injuries or deaths as a result of the traumatic event, the distance from the...
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...Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Impacts on Family Function Post-traumatic stress disorder and the impacts on family function is a topic that has had numerous studies. Post-traumatic stress in an psychiatric disorder, which is developed after a life-threatening or traumatic event. There is three set of symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. One set of symptoms consist of the reliving and tension reaction toward the trauma or stimulus that trigger the experience. Characteristics of the second set of symptoms are isolation and detachment from social event and people. The last set of symptoms includes things such as feeling on guard, irritable, or startling easily. These symptoms along with balancing everyday life present...
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...SCREENING FOR TRAUMATIC EXPOSURE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG WAR-AFFECTED ADOLESCENTS IN POST-CONFLICT NORTHERN UGANDA Introduction This research journal conducted by John D. McMullen, Paul S. O’Callaghan, Justin A. Richard, John G. Eakin and Harry Rafferty is to measure the effect after 4 years end of war in northern Uganda on the prevalence and consider of mental health of children and adolescent. During the war against insurgent (Lord’s resistance army), a large number of children and adolescent are been a victims on extreme war violent and they are reach for traumatic experience same affected by adult. The psychological distress is the serious impact for them and almost of which directly involved in war found for Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) dispute for longer duration after war when they recall back the bad memories on their horrific moments on the war. Some of them been abducted and recruited as soldiers and some of girls forced to involved in non-combat role and being subjected to sexual violent. They are continuously exposed to atrocities which influence them to suffering with psychology disorder. Summary The conflict in northern Uganda is most tragic conflict with the death victims reach a numbers of 1000 per weeks. A children and adolescent is affected group which up to 60000 of them recruited as soldiers and some being sexual violent with almost of them suffer with post-traumatic stress symptom. Significantly, most of them effected due exposed...
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...Risk Factors: The risk factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder are the frequency and possibility of being exposed to traumatic events such as war, domestic violence, natural disaster, violence, sexual trauma. The factors mentioned can cause post-traumatic stress disorder especially if the trauma is not easily escapable. Hyland P. et al states, ICD-11 proposals suggest that trauma exposure which is prolonged and/or repeated, or consists of multiple forms, that also occurs under circumstances where escape from the trauma is difficult or impossible (e.g., childhood abuse) will confer greater risk for CPTSD as compared to PTSD. (Hyland, P., Murphy, J., Shelvin, M., et al, 2017). As with the film mentioned that caused me to pick this specific...
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...Effects of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Post traumatic stress disorder, also known as PTSD, is an anxiety disorder that is developed after people are exposed to a horrific or life-threatening experience. Symptoms of PTSD may appear immediately or it may appear years later. Even though they may not be present for the traumatic event, family members and significant others such as spouses can be affected indirectly and can also develop certain behaviors. PTSD is commonly characterized by flashbacks and recurrent dreams; sudden irritability and outbursts toward another person without any obvious or known reasons; and restlessness or difficulty sleeping and concentrating. (Neeb, page 169) Traumatic experiences such as witnessing the death of a loved one, being sexually abused or assaulted, being exposed to a war, and being involved in a devastating accident can all cause PTSD. The likelihood of a person developing PTSD is based on the intensity of the trauma. According to the National Institute of Health, once PTSD has developed, women are more prone to experience chronic symptoms of this disorder compared to men. PTSD not only affects the person directly involved in the traumatic situation, but it can also affect people indirectly through exposure to a devastating event. I have recently experienced a very traumatic situation that had caused some early signs of PTSD. My cousin, John, was recently murdered in the comfort of his own home. His wife found him dead after returning...
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...and sights of such a traumatic event are signs of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-Traumatic...
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...2012 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder PTSD- Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental health problem that can occur after one goes through a traumatic event in their life. Today, military people or people who struggled with challenges, such as injuries caused by the attack on September eleven, could have been experiencing the PTSD. Doctors, families, Psychologists, and scientists are very concerned about this disorder and are finding right ways to resolve this problem. Some scientific studies have been completed over the past few years. The studies were regarding the impacts of combat deployments and their relation to spouse abuse. Research in the article “Psychology of Violence” shows that numerous psychological and behavioral outcomes are related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The most common symptoms were depression, alcohol intoxication, and spouse abuse. The September eleven, terrorist attack, serving in military, and being deployed into a war has a direct impact on soldiers and their families. The article gives us three studies that examined the effects of deployment on spouse abuse. The first study discovered that returning Army soldiers report abuse rates that lasted longer than six months (McCarroll et. al.,2000). The second and third study found no association between deployment and self-reported spouse abuse during a post deployment period neither wives nor soldiers reported it (McCarroll et.al., 2003). In this essay I would like to talk about Post-Traumatic...
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...Cyberbullying Another area, which correlates to post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescents, is cyber-bullying as it relates to sexual assault and harassment. Ranney et al. (2015) conducted a study of over 350 adolescents who reported to an emergency room between August 2013 and March 2014. The data indicated approximately 65 percent admitted to being victims of cyberbullying as well as peer violence; additionally, 25 percent presented with symptoms of Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder. (Ranney, et al., 2015). Furthermore, Ranney et al (2015) extrapolated nearly half the adolescents reported experiencing cyberbullying and physical assault by peers within the previous year. Ranney et al (2015) correlated post-traumatic stress disorder increased...
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...CHILDREN EXPOSED TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE By October 18, 2014 Introduction According to, Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) children exposed to domestic violence experience trauma as a result. Their statistical data from 2003 to 2012, which consists of computerized records of domestic violence, show that trauma is a byproduct when children witness domestic violence. Interventions and outcomes are examined to account for existing models for children who witness domestic violence. It is estimated three point three million children witness domestic violence in the United States annually. The term domestic violence refers to violence between intimate adult partners and may involve a range of behaviors including physical aggression, verbal threats and coercive/degrading sex. “Approximately seventy-six percent women and twenty-four percent men are physically assaulted by an intimate partner annually in the United States”. In 2012, “intimate partner violence made up twenty-one percent of all nonfatal violent crime experienced by women”. Likewise, “intimate partners committed four percent of the nonfatal violence against men in 2012”. Exposure to domestic violence results in negative effects to children’s health and development such as emotional distress, developmental delays, symptoms of post-traumatic stress and externalizing, (attention problems, aggressive behavior, and rule breaking actions), or internalizing...
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