...assessed by external exam in the summer term. There is no coursework. Exam board: Edexcel ------------------------------------------------- Unit 1: Social and Cognitive Psychology *Unit code 6PS01 ------------------------------------------------- Content summary: ------------------------------------------------- This unit is designed to introduce the social and cognitive approaches to psychology through the development of key content areas. The unit is divided into two parts, ------------------------------------------------- Social Psychology: obedience and prejudice and Cognitive Psychology: memory and forgetting. Within each part, the sections of the unit arise from the content which includes a selection of basic concepts of the social and the cognitive approaches. ------------------------------------------------- The unit is designed to enable choice within each approach in the selection of a second key study and a key issue relevant to the approach. Within each approach there is the requirement for students to conduct a short practical investigation. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Assessment: ------------------------------------------------- Examination paper of 1 hour 20 minutes duration, consisting of a section of objective test items, a section of short-answer questions and a section of extended writing. ------------------------------------------------- Unit 2: Understanding the...
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...Thirteen years of research | When groups meet | | Man of the hour – Gordon Allport I remember quite clearly reading about Gordon Allport’s work on the discrimination in my Social Psychology text in undergrad, it set of a chain reaction of thoughts – could it really be that simple. “Contact” true and meaningful goal oriented between different groups of people could potentially spark cognitive, behavioral and affective change. The suggestion that with the right mix of conditions could over time, because it wasn’t a quick fix after all break down long erected barriers of between the group I know and the group I think I know because stereotypes became generalizations. Could the impact of history, different economic stations, and diverging religious views be ameliorated by contact with the perceived other? These and other questions have been raised since that 1954 volume The Nature of Prejudice was first published. Questions generated research, either seeking to confirm, refute or modify the notion that conditionally the effects of intergroup contact could be generalized. Thirteen years (of research) In my early twenties I was an avid fan of MTV Real World its opening monologue I still know by heart “ This is the true story, of seven strangers, picked to live in a house, work together and have their lives taped to find out what happens when people stop being polite and start getting real. In essence I was watching Allport’s postulations being tested weekly, I was riveted...
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...Work-Related Attitudes: Prejudice, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment 1. Define attitudes and work-related attitudes, and describe the basic components of attitudes. Attitudes are the stable clusters of feelings, beliefs, and behavioral tendencies directed toward some aspect of the external world. Work-related attitudes involve such reactions toward various aspects of work settings or the people in them. All attitudes consist of a cognitive component (what you believe), an evaluative component (how you feel), and a behavioral component the tendency to behave a certain way). Attitudes: Relatively stable clusters of feelings, beliefs, and behavioral intentions toward a specific object, person, or institution. Work-Related Attitudes: Attitudes relating to any aspect of work or work settings. Evaluative Component: Our liking or disliking of any particular person, item, or event. Cognitive Component: The things we believe about an attitude object, whether they are true or false. Behavioral Component: Our predisposition to behave in a way consistent with our beliefs and feelings about an attitude object. 2. Distinguish between prejudice and discrimination, and identify various victims of prejudice in organizations. Prejudice refers to negative attitudes toward members of specific groups, and discrimination refers to treating people differently because of their prejudices. Today’s workforce is characterized by high levels of diversity, with many groups...
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...and Clinical you must know one contribution from each. For many of the approaches this can be therapies that are used for treating different behaviours. Social 1. Understanding Prejudice · Social approach helps us to understand why prejudice occurs. · SIT explains that prejudice occurs by simply belonging to a group– we belong to an in group and those not part of this are considered the out group. We categorise into these groups and identify with in group members by the beliefs we have and what we wear. In order to make our in group look good we display in group favouritism and show a preference for our in group and seeing their behaviours in a positive light. The behaviour of the out group we put down, and this boosts the in group self-esteem. · Realistic conflict theory suggests prejudice between groups occurs when there is competition for resources, and that it is not simply belonging to a group. This can explain why many groups can live alongside each other in harmony, which SIT cannot explain. · An example of SIT in action is football fans as they categorise themselves into teams e.g. either Man U or Chelsea and wear team colours e.g. red or blue. When these teams play they will call the fans of the rival team names to raise their own teams self-esteem. · Prejudice can account for a number of conflicts that have occurred in society and it is important that we understand why it occurs and how to reduce it to benefit society and its functioning,...
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...THE EDUCATOR AS ASSESSOR EDAHOD5 ASSIGNMENT 2 BY STUDENT NUMBER: 33686735 TABLE OF CONTENT QUESTION 1 1. ASSESSMENT TASK 1.1 ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST 1.2 ASSESSMENT GRID 1.3 ASSESSMENT RUBRIC QUESTION 2 2.1 ASSESSMENT PLANNING 2.2 ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES 2.2.1 ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY FOR LESSON TOPIC: CARTOON 2.2.2 ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY FOR LESSON TOPIC: PERSUASIVE ESSAY 2.2.3 ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY FOR LESSON TOPIC: MOVIE POSTER BIBLIOGRAPHY QUESTION 1 1. ASSESSMENT TASK Design a personal planner that covers the week from Monday to Sunday. Clearly mark the times starting from 6am to 10pm. Use a table format for your planner. Give your planner an appropriate title. Fill in a minimum of four activities that occupy your day. Colour code your priorities clearly and indicate what each colour means e.g. Red = important. 1.1 ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST Checklist for personal planner | Yes/no | 1. Title provided | | 2. Correct format used | | 3. Days clearly indicated | | 4. Times correctly indicated | | 5. Activities filled in on planner | | 6. Priorities clearly shown | | 7. Planner colour coded | | 8. Meaning of colour indicated | | Minimum standard: 8 | 1.2 ASSESSMENT GRID Learner’s name: Grade: Assessor: Date: Criteria | Maximum | Student’s mark | 1. Title provided | 1 | | 2. Correct format used | 2 | | 3. Days clearly indicated | 7 | | 4. Times correctly indicated | 3 | | 5. Activities filled in on planner | 4 | ...
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...Of Mice & Men exemplifies how being different caused segregation in the 1930’s. Lennie’s cognitive disability caused him to be discriminated against, just like those of color. I chose to do a diary entry so that I could really challenge and put myself in the position of those that were discriminated against for being different. I feel in our time that is 2015, we are also facing discrimination and racism with the recent police brutality. Therefore, I felt the need to do segregation in the 1930’s. With a diary entry, I could not only take emotions and experiences that I have faced for being different and discriminated against, but also those that faced prejudice in the 1930’s, to tie it all together into a diary entry from the 1930’s. My purpose...
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...Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapeutic approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions, maladaptive behaviors and cognitive processes and contents through a number of goal-oriented, explicit systematic procedures. The name refers to behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and to therapy based upon a combination of basic behavioral and cognitive principles and research. CBT is thought to be effective for the treatment of a variety of conditions, including mood, anxiety, personality, eating, substance abuse, tic, and psychotic disorders. Many CBT treatment programs for specific disorders have been evaluated for efficacy; the health-care trend of evidence-based treatment, where specific treatments for symptom-based diagnoses are recommended, has favored CBT over other approaches such as psychodynamic treatments.[1] CBT was primarily developed through an integration of behavior therapy (the term "behavior modification" appears to have been first used by Edward Thorndike) with cognitive psychology research, first by Donald Meichenbaum and several other authors with the label of cognitive-behavior modification in the late 1970s. This tradition thereafter merged with earlier work of a few clinicians, labeled as Cognitive Therapy (CT), developed by Aaron Beck, and Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) developed by Albert Ellis. While rooted in rather different theories, these two traditions have been characterized by a constant reference to experimental research to test hypotheses...
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...contained within the following two documents: · University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. · Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Carpenter, S., & Huffman, K. (2010). Visualizing psychology (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Introduction to Psychology Details Due Points Objectives 1.1 Describe the development of the discipline of psychology. 1.2 Compare and contrast research methods used to examine psychological phenomena. 1.3 Explain biological influences on the human brain. Readings Read Ch. 1 & 2 of Visualizing Psychology. Review this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Participation Participate in class discussion. 1 Discussion Questions Respond to weekly discussion questions. 1 Individual Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet Complete the Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet located on the student web page. 10 Week Two:...
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...approaches, Integrated Treatment model is best suited for co-occurring disorders that are often cyclical and interactive. Furthermore, the requirement that clients should obtain services in different systems of treatment seems to be at odds with the current shift towards patient-centered care which stipulates that access to services for co-occurring disorders should be available at the patient level. What is the theory of behavior change underlying the EBP? The Integrated Treatment approach is founded on the cognitive behaviour therapy that is a focused approach premised on the fact that cognitions influence behaviors and feelings. The approach is also based on the assertion that subsequent emotions and behaviors have a formidable influence on cognitions. Under this theory of behaviors change, the therapist assists the individuals in identifying unhelpful emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Therefore, the cognitive behavior therapy has two fundamental aspects; cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. Within the...
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...Same sex marriage is already taboo, but same sex couples raising children is mostly not considered acceptable by the public because of the misconception that they are not qualified to bring up children in accordance with proper social values. The public is not certain if children will receive proper education about society and behavior to fit in as responsible members. However, several recent movements, such as Feminism and Post-modernism, argue about equal rights for everybody. Feminism is mainly concerned about the equality of men and women in society while Post-modernism is mainly concerned with ending all forms of discrimination in society. Feminism is actually a subdivision of Post-modernism because Post-modernism is against all discriminations while Feminism specializes in pointing out women's rights in the society and the equal status of women and men. Among other things, both ideologies re-evaluate the meaning of love and marriage in modern society. Besides the social movements, several scientific research was made regarding children who grow up in same sex marriages. Children raised in a same sex marriage share the same core values with the society, maybe even higher because they never learned about sexual discrimination in their home, and the only reason why they are restrained is because of the public opinion on these situations. In accordance with scientific research, the American Psychological Association (APA) claims that there are should be no concerns with same...
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...• Promote understanding of different values, beliefs, and traditions. • Explain the benefits of diversity for the team or organization. • Encourage and support others who promote tolerance of diversity. • Discourage use of stereotypes to describe people. • Identify biased beliefs and role expectations for women or minorities. • Challenge people who make prejudiced comments. • Speak out to protest against unfair treatment based on prejudice. • Take disciplinary action to stop harassment of women or minorities. CHAPTER 14 Ethical Leadership and Diversity 437 ethical behavior as well as efforts to stop unethical practices. Ethical leaders seek to build mutual trust and respect among diverse followers and to find integrative solutions to conflicts among stakeholders with competing interests. Such leaders do not foster distrust or play favorites to gain more power or achieve personal objectives. Determinants of ethical behavior by a leader include situational influences and aspects of leader personality such as level of cognitive moral development. The criteria for evaluating ethical leadership include leader values, intentions, and the extent to which leader behavior is morally justifiable. Evaluation of morality for individual leaders is complicated by multiple stakeholders, the diverse consequences of a leader’s actions, and disagreements about the extent to which ends...
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...Ethnic stereotypes and multiculturalism. Summary of course "Ethnic psychology" Contents: 1. The concept and properties of ethnic stereotypes ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 4 2. National prejudices. Types etnostereotipov ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .7 3. 4. Variants of the reactions to cultural diversity ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 5. Advantages and disadvantages of multiculturalism ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 16 Bibliographic list ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 20 Introduction. Considering the cultural differences in thinking, beliefs, attitudes and behavior, it is easy to succumb to cognitive and emotional reactions to the material to begin to make generalizations, to form negative stereotypes about other people and even pre-make judgments about these differences, and people who are inherent in this behavior before you really understand what lies at its core. These processes and reactions are common in today's world, and to describe them often use the terms ethnic stereotypes, prejudice, multiculturalism, discrimination. Unfortunately, these terms are often used without a clear idea about them, which only exacerbates the problems that they need to clarify. Some of today's most pressing social issues associated with these processes, as boundaries between countries and cultures are becoming more permeable as...
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...Women Psychology Exam 1 Chapter 1 Sex: a relatively narrow term that typically refers only to those inborn biological characteristics relating to reproduction, such as sex chromosomes or sex organs. Gender: the psychological characteristics and social categories that human culture creates. Doing Gender: (West and Zimmeman) we display gender in our social interactions and we perceive gender in other people during those interactions. Sexism: bias against people on the basis of their gender. Racism: bias against people on the basis of racial or ethnic groups. Classism: bias against people based on social class Ableism: bias against people with disabilities. Ageism: bias based on chronological age. Typically directed toward elderly people. Heterosexism: a belief system that devalues lesbians, gay males, and bisexuals – or any group that is not exclusively heterosexual. Feminist/ Feminism: women and men should be socially, economically, and legally equal. Women and men who hold these beliefs are feminists, however many people believe in feminist principles, even if they do not identify themselves as feminists. Cultural Feminism: emphasizes the positive qualities that are presumed to be strong in women than in men qualities such as nurturing and caretaking. (Cooperation) Liberal Feminism: emphasizes the goal of gender equality, giving women and men the same rights and opportunities. (Reduce our culture’s rigid gender roles) Radical Feminism:...
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...is referred to as the variety of differences between all people in an organization which consist of race, sex, age, ethnic group, personality, education, cognitive style, tenure, organizational function, background and so forth. It not only involves the way people perceive themselves, but how they perceive others as well. Those perceptions affect their interactions with others. For a variety of employees from different ethnic backgrounds to function effectively as an organization, human resource professionals has the responsibility to deal effectively with issues such as communication, adaptability and the opposition to change. Diversity has increased significantly over the years and you will see many more companies adopting it in their organizations.. Many successful organizations have recognized the necessity for immediate action and are ready and willing to spend resources on managing diversity in the workplace as we speak. Individuals of different ethnic backgrounds have different values and attitudes. Cultural differences determine the observed differences in peoples work attitudes. The culture in a organization determines the ability of employees from other groups to perform within the organization. People from minority groups encounter challenges everyday facing stereotyping, discrimination, and prejudice. Prejudice can be defined as an adverse opinion, a preconceived idea or bias, or judgment formed prior or without complete knowledge or examination of the facts. ...
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...Unique number 888608 WERKOPDRAGSKRYFBLOK - ASSIGNMENT WRITING PAD Tik -- Type Dosent se Kommentaar Tutorial Comments ETH305V – Assignment 2 Question 1: Theoretical background i) Prejudice Prejudice is a pre-held negative opinion, perception, or judgment a person holds or expresses against something or someone, without justification or analyzing facts. For example, when one meets a Muslim person, or sees someone dressed as a Muslim on a flight, one automatically perceives him/her to be a terrorist, and is suspicious or unreasonably “sure” that the Muslim person intends blowing up the plane. The negative perception was based purely on perception of the Muslim person‟s religious belief, and not by knowing the person personally etc., thus stereotyping deals with ill-informed description of people whilst prejudice is based on unjustifiable feelings towards someone. Social conflicts can be generated by racism, prejudice, and stereotyping; therefore efforts need to be made to reduce racist tendencies and prejudice in order to correct stereotyping. Ways of achieving this include more awareness education, and contact between the stereotyped and those who form stereotypes, as well as the accurate portrayal of individuals and groups in literature. ii) Stereotypes Stereotyping takes place when we conjure mental categories where one deposits people, items or events into conceptually specified groups. Stereotypes are formed as a result of the overload of experiences we have, and...
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