...Administrator Challenges Paper Eric A. Carter CJA/454 Instructor: Ryn Fenner Corrections is believed by many people that work in its field of correctional officers to be the most challenging and frustrating component of criminal justice. There is the challenge of managing the inmates daily as well as the frustrations of inevitable mismanagement at attempting to accomplish multiple goals. New challenges present themselves every day. In a very real sense, employees in a correctional system are doing time the same as the inmates are doing time. It's easy to conduct a trial and sentence somebody (Alighieri, 2004). What corrections find more difficult is what to do with these inmates after they have been sentenced for five, ten and life in prison. Much of corrections is completed is a big range because of its endless amount of prisoners that are sentenced to prison each day. An issue that also occurs in corrections is the cost of operating a correctional facility. To operate a prison each year it can cost approximately thirty billion dollars. This includes correctional officer workers, administrations that work in the correctional facility. Housing, feeding, and clothing an inmate can start from twenty thousand dollars a year and the number can grow to almost thirty thousand, all of the funds are provided from tax payers. Therefore with all of these numbers in place to pay workers and take care...
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...Bailey SOC 305 Crime & Society Ekaterina Gorislavsky 25 May, 2015 - 1 - [no notes on this page] Running Head: OVERCROWDING OF PRISONS 2 Abstract The correctional institutions are established to correct the behaviors by law breakers. Society believes that once an individual comes out of the correctional facility, he is a reformed person. In addition, these facilities are always expected to warn the law abiding citizens to deter them from committing a crime for fear of being in the correctional cells. However, the population in the correction facilities especially prisons is contrary to this expectation. Over time, there is increased number of offenders. This comprises of the new offenders and the repeat offenders. This causes overcrowding in the correctional facilities which is a challenge to the society. The focus of this problem is the social effect of overcrowding to the judicial system and ways of addressing the challenge. Overcrowding in correctional institutions Crime is punishable for three reasons namely retribution, prevention and deterrence. The main purpose of incarcerating offenders is to stop them from repeating previous crimes they committed. Appraising the current American system using these standards, the deterrence category has failed miserably, insufficient in prevention and providing unsatisfactory retribution through detention. Attempts to deter released criminals who are convicted are dismissed by the recidivism’s high rate (Tish& Burbank...
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...Correction Trend Alfreda Jernigan CJA-394 02-15-2012 University of Phoenix Correction Trend Compare and Contrast- Past, Present, and Future trends pertaining to the development and operation of institutional and community based corrections Correctional programming today is at a level of effectiveness that exceeds previous expectations. Jurisdictions throughout the United States there are other programs that utilize research-based programs to educate, train and motivate offenders. Gone are the days of haphazard implementation of programs that sounded good, but often just occupied time for the offenders. The past evolution occurred for many reasons (Corrections Today, 2010). One of our biggest wake-up calls was the claim made about 30 years ago that, nothing works in corrections, in terms of rehabilitation. Although this widely publicized statement was removed from its context for some less-than-honorable purposes, it did in fact bring some attention to the conundrum that many prisons were not effective as change agents for offenders, but rather seemed only to serve the purpose of separating problems from society (Corrections Today, 2010). 7,225,800 adults were under correctional supervision (probation, parole, jail, or prison) in 2009 (U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010). While this singular purpose was acceptable to many citizens, the more visionary leaders, both inside and outside of corrections, understood that the only good thing that could ever result...
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...percent of the total adult population currently being under some form of correctional supervision, the role of community corrections is essential within the criminal justice field (Alarid & Del Carmen, 2011). Community corrections can best be described as “a nonincarcerative sanction in which offenders serve all or a portion of their sentence in the community” (Alarid & Del Carmen, 2011, p 3). With the number of offenders growing community corrections seeks to reduce recidivism, impose appropriate punishment upon offenders, as well as prepare offenders for re-entry into society. These missions or goals of probation and parole agencies are diminished due to an emergent amount of offenders with mental illnesses entering the community corrections system. “Within the context of the overall grown in community corrections populations, probation and parole officers are coming into contact with a disproportionately high number of people with mental illnesses (most of whom have co-occurring substance use disorders)” (Prins & Draper, 2009, p 1). Moreover research has found that offenders with mental illness are some of the most complex group to supervise within community corrections (Prins & Draper, 2009). “More than 60 percent of severely mentally ill offenders released from prison in 2005 returned to prison within two years” (Missouri Department of Corrections, 2011). In addition to higher recidivism rates than offenders without mental illness, offenders with mental illness are...
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...patient pool. Methods: Chiropractic management was decided on by the treating chiropractor. A series of twelve tests were designed to discover disorders of functional systems within the CNS. The tests described were to evaluate the function of 12 systems: 1) spinal cord, 2) myelencephalon/reticular formation, 3) vagal system, 4) trigeminal motor system-muscles of mastication, 5) vestibulospinal system, and bulbo reticular area, 6) reticular formation, 7) diencephalons and gait locomotion system, 8) mesencephalon, 9) cardiac sympathetic autonomic system, 10) pyramidal system, 11) limbic system, 12) sensory system. Results: This chiropractic approach tests the nervous system after provocation of functional systems instead of sensory challenges to more discreet portions of the body. Conclusion: For chiropractic patients who are not responding to discreet treatment programs, this method of evaluation may be valuable as it tests underlying system problems within the CNS. Nearly all the functional systems have a related motor activity that results in inhibition and facilitation patterns. Case series...
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...Crime to Corrections A guide to our Justice System By: Joseph Reagan Abstract The following brief will be presented outside a federal courthouse to the public after a recent round up of local gang members by federal, state and local authorities. Included in the brief will be information on the process by which the suspects were taken into custody, booked and all information recorded. We will also give a detailed, step by step overview of the federal justice system as it pertains to the defendants as they work their way through the legal system. Our brief will conclude with the corrections process as it applies to a federal case. The brief is intended to make the public aware of how law enforcement, the judicial system, and corrections all work together to try to make the process through the legal system as smooth as possible to maintain due process while upholding the law. Welcome, I understand this is a difficult and confusing time for you if you are here because of the recent arrests that occurred. I am going to explain in detail to you the steps that will be taken as each suspect is processed through the jail. I will then discuss the pretrial measures as required by law to protect the defendant as well as the victims in this case. Finally, I will discuss pretrial steps as well as what will occur should a federal trial take place for the defendant. Please hold any questions till the end of my briefing so we can get through all the information as there...
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...Beverly Raznoff Introduction * The ABC company new recruiter Carl Robins successfully hired fifteen new hires * in April, and filled several open positions. Carl had been with the ABC Company * for short six months, and this was his first recruitment efforts. These new hires were scheduled to work and report to Monica Carrolls, the Operations Supervisor. This being Carl’s first recruitments, his challenges were to properly organize and setup all the required meetings to begin the new hires’ orientation process. On May 15, Carl will was responsible to coordinate the training schedule, orientation, manuals, policy booklets, physicals, drug tests, and a host of other issues which Carl would communicate to the new hires. Carl assured Monica Carrolls, the Operations Supervisor, that everything would be arranged in time for start of the new hire orientation. Carl Robins, was very confident with his very first recruitment class and was very confident that everything would be arranged accordingly to meet the new hires orientation scheduled for June 15th. After Memorial Day, Carl Robins decided to review his new trainees’ files to finalize the paperwork needed for the orientation on June 15th and discovered some inaccuracies in the files. Carl noticed that some of trainee’s did not have applications completed or their transcripts on file, and none of them had been sent to the clinic for the mandatory drug screen. Carl also found out that the room where the trainees’ computer...
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...2012 Abstract A corrections manager faces the daunting task of dealing with incarcerated felons daily. They have the responsibility of ensuring inmates are protected by their Constitutional Amendments in an effort of guaranteeing they receive a humane and lawful environment. A manager must deal with budget cuts and reductions in staff during economic downturn. And with the remaining staff, that same manager must develop and implement continuous improvement methods for staff morale and safety. Inside the Old Red Barn Austin McCormick once said, "Give me the right staff, and I can run a maximum security prison in an old red barn." (Phillips & McConnell, 2005). With the right training and mindset, corrections managers have the ability to run their facilities, or barns, successfully. Barns come in many shapes, styles, and characteristics. Same too applies to the people within the barn. Each have their own responsibilities and goals. By the people in the barn, we mean those who are incarcerated and the staff that manage them. In the majority of the public's eyes, and maybe even in their minds, they believe inmates should be stripped of their rights. Locked behind bars and away from civilization, the prisoners are kept away from society. Hidden in hopes of never having to see them again. For some inmates, their life sentences keep them invisible. But on the inside, their visibility is present twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. They remain...
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...Jails and Prisons Sarrita Will CJA/234 January 13, 2014 Helen Ford Jails and Prisons From 1790 to 1995 the criminal justice system went through nine different eras: penitentiary, mass prison, reformatory, industrial, punitive, treatment, community-based, warehousing, and just desserts. Each era described the jails place in corrections and outlines the role of jails throughout history to the present day. The Pennsylvania Quakers believed that honest labor would be the best and most humane way to deal with offenders and their irrational behavior within the community. In the year of 1786 convicts that were put to work on public projects. To distinguish the convicts from the public they wore clothes that were bright and shabby along with a ball and chain that was attached at their ankles. This was believed to prevent offenders from escaping into the community (University of Phoenix, 2011). As the criminal justice system evolved humiliation turned towards incarceration. With the population growing someone had to manage these lock-ups and the control was given to the local areas. Within the lock-ups there would be a mixture of women and men, and petty thieves with violent offenders. As the population grew not only counties but states as well began to maintain their own correctional systems. The correctional systems were managed by local sheriff department (Texas Education Agency, 2011). The duties of these departments housed suspects until their trial or sentencing, provide...
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...For the length of her confinement, DeMarco had no contact with other prisoners and limited contact with prison staff, living essentially isolated from human contact. She had to consume all her meals in her tiny cell, with cement block walls, solid steel doors, and access to a tiny day room with a TV high up on one wall (controlled remotely by a guard) and a steel table and bench set bolted to the floor. Unlike general population, she had no assigned place to store personal effects and was given only two sets of prison clothing (unlike five sets assigned in general population). Since she was in maximum security, she was not allowed to work for an allowance to buy personal items, could only use the exercise area when no other prisoners were there for brief periods of time. She was not allowed to have her hair cut for 14 months. She could select books from a limited selection on a library cart occasionally brought around. Although one officer gave her a deck of playing cards, they were confiscated after three days. If she tried to converse with other inmates in the segregation wing, she received disciplinary write-ups for violating the no-communication rule. Only when other prisoners were not...
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...ntroduction In the recent past there has been a great growing interest by social scientists to better understand the issue of personality psychology and the element of diversity when it comes to responses agents under in the same environment (Baumeister & Bushman2014). The scholars and social scientists these days include personality proxies and traits for cognition during the empirical research analysis. The bone of contention now arises how can one interpret these human estimated relationships? (Blascovich et al 2011) Personality psychology therefore tries to describe a whole person by considering the individual differences and universal traits .This field examines the different ways in which people from diverse origins are unique therefore to ventilate this topic deeply, personality psychology looks both cognitive functioning and personality traits areas of a human being (Blascovich et al2011). When characterizing what areas one to explore in personality psychology to make observations, it indeed becomes a bit useful to first differentiate the personality traits, measures of personality and personality response function. According to ((Baumeister & Bushman2014) personality is a response function that maps out the real personality traits to measure a person. Other leading scholars adds that personality traits are sometimes relatively preserving patterns of thoughts ,behaviors and feelings that do reflect the general tendency to respond in certain ways under unique circumstances...
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...INTRODUCTION Software Engineering is an engineering discipline which is concerned with all aspect of software production. It also concerned with all aspects of computer-based systems development including hardware, software, and process engineering. SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE Software development efforts result in the delivery of a software product that satisfies user requirements. Accordingly, the software product must change or evolve. Once in operation, defects are uncovered, operating environments change, and new user requirements surface. The maintenance phase of the life cycle begins following a warranty period or post implementation support delivery, but maintenance activities occur much earlier. Software maintenance is an integral part of a software life cycle. However, it has not received the same degree of attention that the other phases have. Historically, software development has had a much higher profile than software maintenance in most organizations. This is now changing, as organizations strive to squeeze the most out of their software development investment by keeping software operating as long as possible. The open source paradigm has brought further attention to the issue of maintaining software artefactsdeveloped by others. Software maintenance is defined as the totality of activities required to provide cost-effective support to software. Activities are performed during the pre-delivery stage as well as during the post-delivery stage. Pre-delivery activities...
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...correctional staff to be more hands on in their approach. This way they may also receive the treatment necessary for proper rehabilitation, as well as the tools for reintegration into society. It seems prisoner rights have played an essential role in the evolution of the prison system; it has had both positive and negative effects on inmates, and when looking at the key elements in obtaining those rights it is important to recognize the 8th amendment and section 1983 of civil rights litigation. Rights for prisoners can be a great benefit to the individual inmate should they choose to take advantage of them. While in the past, the system may have worked against inmates wanting to have their issues heard and a fair review of their case, the present era offers various courses of legal action for inmates to take. Prisoners are now able to speak out against cruel and unusual punishment. They can file lawsuits against prison guards for misconduct, as well as against other inmates, and they can file appeals on their conviction. Negative aspects of prisoner rights are usually felt by the system itself or those working in the system like correctional staff. Since inmates can file lawsuits at relatively no cost to them, guards now have to be extremely careful and conscientious of how they...
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...------------------------------------------------- EXPLORING THE PRINCIPLES FOR INCREASING INTEGRITY, OBJECTIVITY IN EXTERNAL AUDITS. Authors: Dosch, Robert J. rdosch@business.und.edu Haskins, James P. jhaskins@business.und.edu O'Keefe, Timothy P. tim.okeefe@business.und.edu Source: Information Management Journal. May/Jun2013, Vol. 47 Issue 3, p32-36. 5p. Document Type: Article Subject Terms: *RECORDS management *FINANCIAL statements *AUDITING *DATA integrity *AUDITING standards *BUSINESS records -- Management *OFFICE management *ELECTRONIC data processing Geographic Terms: UNITED States NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services 561110 Office Administrative Services 561490 Other business support services Abstract: The article discusses how integrating the records and information management (RIM) process and Generally Accepted Recordkeeping Principles in the financial statement audit process will improve audit objectivity and integrity. It states that RIM professionals have an important role in the audit process as the objectivity and integrity of information are crucial to the quality of audit outcomes. It explores the framework of an external audit in the U.S. which are done in compliance with the General Accepted Auditing Standards. ISSN: 1535-2897 Accession Number: 89184390 ------------------------------------------------- EXPLORING his article proposes that incorporating the records and information management...
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...Punishment and Sentencing Brian Krail CJA/234 11/20/2011 Punishment and Sentencing Crimes against morality and individual rights have existed since the dawn of man as well as the need to punishment those crimes. Public consciousness and sentiment have evolved over time and greatly influence the goals of modern-day punishment criminals. The legal and correctional systems tend to fall in line with this morals and concepts of their respective era. While threat of prison and punishment may be deterrence to crime, the goals of punishment and sentencing can be placed into the categories of rehabilitation, retributions and incapacitation. Through the classification of crimes and prisoners, the modern-day correctional system emphasizes a hybrid mix of these objectives based on the severity of the crime and susceptibility of the criminal. Incapacitation as a goal or strategy in punishment and sentencing is best focused on those offenders who commit crimes at very high rates. By taking a large slice of out of the life of a career criminal, the punishment has prevented, in theory, the number of crimes that individual, would have been committed if that while in society. Since the 1980’s, the United States has increasingly taken a this approach which has led to increased sentences for the majority of offenders also leading to prison overcrowding. The effectiveness of this strategy is often debated although many of not most studies conclude this strategy does provide...
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