...BREAST CANCER PREVENTION 1 Breast Cancer Prevention Venita Conley University of Phoenix 2 Breast Cancer Prevention Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women at the age of 45-50. The number of women diagnosed with breast cancer increases every year, but if detected early, the survival rate is better. Breast cancer can also occur in men, but is less common. Breast cancer in men can happen at any age, but is most common in men between the ages of 60 and 70 years old. Statistics reveals that white women are at a higher risk of developing malignant breast cancer than Asians or Hispanics. (Rising Tide, Kft 2009) Breast cancer is the number two cancer killer and the number one female cancer in women age 15 to 54. Early preventive steps and annual breast exams can help in monitoring early signs of breast cancer in women as early as 20 years of age. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast. It is also the uncontrollable growth and spread of cells in the breast, and if not controlled can lead to death. There are many types of breast cancers. The three main types of breast cancers are: the first type is Ductal Carcinoma In-Situ which is a type of early breast cancer confined to the inside of the ductal system, and is the most common...
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...5.0 Treatment and prevention of breast cancer 5.1 Prevention is better than cure: 5.1.1 Breastfeeding There are plenty of ways that might help to prevent breast cancer. Firstly, breastfeeding has played a very important part in breast cancer prevention, which is the longer the period of breastfeeding, the higher the protection of the mother and child (Mayoclinic.org, 2015). According to Komen, (2010), breastfeeding for one year might slightly reduce the chances to get breast cancer than those who never breastfed, however, mothers who breastfed for a duration of two years will have a result of twice the benefit of those who breastfed for one year. Besides, a research done by National Cancer Institute (NCI), (n.d.) shows that women who breastfeed have a lower risk to cause breast cancer, which is an overall decreased by 35% risk of breast cancer. Moreover, 5,000 cases of breast cancer can be avoided, if the new mums followed of the recommended instruction that pursue them to breastfeed their children for at least one year (Rochman, 2012). 5.1.2 Consistent medical checkup and keep weight in check Furthermore, a second way to prevent breast cancer is keeping weight in check and consistent medical checkup. According to Mayoclinic.org, (2015), states that overweight or obese women have higher risks to get breast cancer or recurrence than those have a healthy weight. A research prepared by Cancerresearchuk.org, (2012) mentioned that women who have a regular exercise about half...
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...encountered breast cancer. While in the hospital she became aware of the lack of information made available to patients, so she founded the National Breast Cancer Foundation. The National Breast Cancer Foundation's mission is to fundraise, provide help, and inspire hope to those affected by breast cancer. The National Breast Cancer Foundation is an organization that provides help, information, and inspires hope to those affected by breast cancer, as a result, many people have been educationally informed about breast cancer. After realizing the lack of information available to patients with breast cancer, Janelle Hail wanted to change that. As the article states, “After her treatment, Janelle made a commitment to help women around the world by educating them about breast cancer and the importance of early detection” (NBCF). The National Breast Cancer Foundation was founded in 1944 to help fund research and support towards the prevention and cure of breast cancer. After Janelle Hail encountered breast cancer, she wanted to make sure women all around the world were educated on breast...
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...of social and environmental interventions (World Health Organization, 2013). Health promotion is a big topic now at world health organization meetings. They are encouraging the promotion of health for many reasons. Purpose of health promotion is to allow access for all and to encourage healthy lifestyles so people can live longer and be healthy doing it. In this paper, this writer will explain the nurses role in health promotion and compare health promotion prevention; primary, secondary and tertiary levels about breast cancer. The changes in society have forced the change in nursing roles and responsibilities for the beginning of health promotion. To show the effects of encouragement of health promotion, nurses are now expanding their care outside the hospitals into community based care. Nurses are developing themselves into more than one role and using evidenced based practice to apply care in to the home and community settings. In these roles, nurses are becoming more actively involved in disease prevention and health promotion and becoming more independent in their practice and are accountable morally and legally for their professional behavior (Edelman & Mandle, 2010, p,19). Nurses are advocates and helping one obtain community based needs while showing them how to be their own advocate. Nurses also collaborate with other professionals and act as care managers to make sure that no one receives duplicate services in order to help reduce costs. The nurses role is...
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...Thesis: Self-examinations, clinical breast exams and mammograms are three of the best ways to detect breast cancer early and thus save lives. Introduction: The reality of breast cancer hit home with me in June 2008, when a co-worker of mine was diagnosed with stage one breast caner. Through a routine self- examination she felt an abnormal spot on her breast. The next day she had a clinical breast exam and mammogram to help determine what she had found. Being knowledgeable about early detection of breast cancer can save your life, as it did hers. There are several different types of screening techniques. The chances of dying from breast cancer have decreased over the recent years which are probably the result of finding the cancer early (American Cancer Society, 2010a). In 2010, there were still over 39,000 deaths caused by breast cancer (American Cancer Society, 2010b). Self-examinations, clinical breast exams and mammograms are three of the best ways to detect breast cancer early and thus save lives. I am going to briefly talk about self-examinations, clinical breast exams and mammograms and what can do to become more aware of your body. Visual Aid: (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Main Points: 1. Self- examinations a. Research show that performing a self- examination plays a small role in finding breast cancer but being aware of what is normal in your breast can help determine any differences (American Cancer Society, 2010c). b. Performing this exam...
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...EVERY WOMAN MATTERS WALDEN UNIVERSITY NURS 6050N Breast and cervical cancer are leading cancers among both low-income and minority women. This group of women are less likely to be screened for these malignancies. Early detection, early testing and education are the first line to prevention, decreases the concern for women’s health and improves quality of life. Soci-economics play a strong role in breast and cervical cancers in low-income minority women verses their counter parts. Every Woman Matters program was designed to assist low income women with the proper screening and prevention assistance for high risk disease such as breast cancer and cervical cancer. In this assignment I will discuss the program’s ineffectiveness, programs that work and suggestions on future programs that may be effective as it relates to women’s health. Every Woman Matters Every Woman Matters is a state run government supported program, intended to remove obstructions to preventive breast and cervical malignancy by raising awareness of its danger and making screening accessible to low-income women. Under this program many low income women ages 40-67 and who met the qualifications were able to receive multiple health screenings such as mammograms, breast exams and papanicolaou smear test at reduced or no cost (Backer et al., 2004). However, not only did it cover screenings for breast and cervical cancer it also provided screenings for other illness that affected women such as cardiovascular...
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...Breast Cancer Veronica Owens Baker College of Allen Park Speech (Wed) Heather Capote-Powell August 03, 2011 General Purpose: To inform Title of Speech: Breast Cancer Awareness Specific Purpose: To inform my audience on various types and stages of breast cancer, and who is susceptible, and available detection and treatment. I. Introduction: She is your mother, your sister, your aunt, and your best friend. She is the special someone in your life she also has breast cancer. This is very personal for me because I lost my dear friend a year ago to breast cancer. I will provide you with more in depth knowledge and understanding of this disease. I will define cancer of the breast and the various types as well as who is susceptible. I will discuss self-detection methods and available treatments. Transition: So I am going to begin with the most important thing, which is what is breast cancer? II. Body: A. What is breast cancer: 1. Non-Cancerous vs. Cancerous i. Rapid growth of abnormal cells which form a lump in the breast tissue. (NationalBreastgCancer.org 2009). ii. Benign tumor do not invade or spread and it’s not life threatening. iii. Malignant tumor cells may break away to form new tumors and its life threatening. 2. Breast Cancer Statistics i. Every three minutes, a woman in the United States is diagnosed with breast cancer. (Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, 2009) ii. Every twelve minutes a woman dies from breast cancer. 3. Breast...
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...Birth Control is utilized to keep any undesirable pregnancies avoided. According to Breast Cancer.org around 10 million women situated in the United States are taking oral contraception's, formally known as the conception prevention pill. Although taking birth control pills may seem like a good way to prevent the United States from over populating and teen pregnancy. The admission and circulation of anticonception pills ought to be restricted from individuals since it can cause breast cancer and weight gain. Anticonception systems have been utilized since ancient times, but only became more accessible in the 20th century. A few societies confine or dishearten access to conception prevention since they consider it to be ethically, religiously,...
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...The Significance of Cancer Screening Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States next to heart disease. There were about more than 575, 000 people died of cancer in 2011. More than 1.5 million diagnosed with cancer as per United States Cancer Statistics 1999-2011, Incidence and Mortality Web-based Report (CDC, 2015, p.1). With the increasing rate of cancer, the government created several programs to save the lives of the people. Cancer screening like Papanicolaou smear and breast exam to all Americans can reduce the incidence of cancer and deaths (CDC, 2015, p.2). Every Woman Matters Program Every Woman Matters (EWM) is a federally funded program designed to remove barriers to preventive breast and cervical cancer screening by providing public awareness of the risk women population. EWM also make screening more financially accessible to women who have low-income or no health insurance. EWM program also pays the following check-ups with associated tests like clinical breast examination, Papanicolaou smear, and mammography. They pay at reduced price or no cost to eligible women who are 40 to 74 years of age (Backer et al., 2005, p. 401). These tests will detect early stages of cancer, prevent progression, save lives, reduce health care cost and suffering. A case study was made to see the effectiveness of screening for breast and cervical cancer in Nebraska. However, even with these EWM program, it remained suboptimal despite their awareness...
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...Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2013stated that 230,815 women and 2,109 men in the United States were diagnosed with breast cancer. 40,860 women and 464 men in the United States died from breast cancer. Breast cancer is a type of cancer that affect many people of many different races and ethnicity. Breast cancer has the strong probability effect two more people in the same family. This is very true for me, breast cancer effect four of my aunts and two of my great aunts all on mother's side of the family. Per Center for Disease Control and Prevention an individual is at high risk for breast cancer if she has first-degree relative, and multiple family members on either her mother's or father's side of the family who has had breast cancer. Lifestyle changes and early detection can reduce the rate and the prevalence of breast cancer in the...
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...Running head: TARGETING BREAST CANCER AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..3 Background…………………………………………..……………………………………………4 Preparing and Adapting to the Field..……………………………………………………………..5 Medical Anthropology Fieldwork Methodology...………………………………………………..6 Ethnographic Fieldwork Data Analysis …………………………………………………………..9 Reflective Comments/ Conclusion……………………………………………………….…….....9 References………………………………………………………………………………………..11 Targeting Breast Cancer among African American Women in Nash County: A Proposal to Identify Enabling and Reinforcing Factors of Seeking Preventative Screening Services Introduction Ethnographic field work is an excellent strategy in understanding and describing a cultural group. Field work is also an asset in performing a needs assessment in the planning phase of developing health promotion interventions. As described by Bailey (2002), “ethnographic techniques are integral tools for galvanizing and mobilizing communities for social action relative to generating a promotion and disease prevention agenda.” (Bailey, 2002) This paper serves as a proposal to conduct a medical anthropology field work project to assess reinforcing and enabling factors that promote the use of early detection and preventative breast cancer screening services among African American women. The study design consists of a qualitative ethnographic approach utilizing observation and focus group methodology....
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...There are three main cancers plaguing our society. Prostate cancer is the highest in men; breast cancer is the highest in women; and lung cancer is the highest in both sexes. There has been a positive association between exercise and the prevention of many cancers as well as other chronic illnesses. Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer morbidity in men and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of death in American men (Torti, D). According to Dorthea Torti, thirteen cohort studies were conducted between 1988 and 2002 and nine of those studies showed a decrease in prostate cancer risk with high activity levels. Cohort studies involve following a selected group of men over an extended period of years to track their physical activity and exercise and their health outcomes at the end of the study. “The average reduction rate was between 10% and 30% (Torti, D).” It can be speculated that the reason exercise has a positive effect on the prevention of prostate cancer is because it can regulate hormone levels and enhance the immune system. Prostate cancer is a hormone-sensitive cancer which is why exercise has been shown to be beneficial. There are modifiable risk factors of prostate cancer that can benefit from exercise and physical activities such as obesity and diet. Modifiable meaning factors that we have control over. “A study of 7570 men in the US Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study during 1989 to 2001 reported that a significant decrease in relative risk was found...
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...Breast Cancer Manoela Colindres Professor Susan Barnett Colorado Christian University November 15, 2014 Due to the large amount of commercials, fundraisers, 5K runs and walks it is rare to find someone who has not heard about breast cancer, but do they actually know what all takes place in breast cancer? Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast, which means that the tumor is a group of cells that grow and spread to other areas of the body. STATISTICS Breast cancer can occur in both men and women, but it is most commonly seen in women. Approximately affecting 1 in 8 women in the United States, about 232,670 new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in women, about 62,570 new cases of carcinoma in situ (CIS) will be diagnosed (CIS is non-invasive and is the earliest form of breast cancer), and about 40,000 women will die from breast cancer. Breast Cancer is the second leading cause of death, but is responsible of only has 3%, or 1 out of 36 of death in women. Studies done by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) show that breast cancer is not only the most common cause of death in Hispanic women, but also the second leading cause of death in African American, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and Americans. Although all we hear are the negative information and deaths from breast cancer, the survival rate in the United States of women who have survived breast cancer is 2.8 million...
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...Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast. A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that can grow into and invade surrounding tissues or spread to distant areas of the body (American Cancer Society, 2015). The disease occurs almost entirely in women, but men can also get it. Although breast cancer can affect both men and women, it is much more dominant in women. The risk for developing breast cancer is the highest in women over the age of 50, and it is higher for women who also have a family history of breast cancer (Breastcancer.com, 2015). Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. It’s a devastating disease, and thousands of cases of breast cancer are reported to occur among women around the world each year. Breasts contain the mammary glands which are the organs of milk production. Breasts mostly consist of adipose tissue. The breast is made up of sections, which are called lobes and each of these lobes are made up of smaller lobules, which produce milk in women (Breast Anatomy, 2015). Both the lobes and lobules are connected by milk ducts and the milk ducts carry the milk to the nipple. The lobules and ducts are located throughout the fibrous tissue and adipose tissue that make up the main mass of the breast (Breast Anatomy, 2015). Most cancers of the breast arise from the epithelium, which form the lobules and terminal ducts (Seeley, 2011 p 1042). There are a few different types of breast cancers that...
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...Maria Pianka Meredith LeDoux Breast Cancer Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women in the United States. Breast cancer is a kind of cancer where cells grow out of control in the breast. The breast is the first site of cancer but overtime, the cells can spread to other parts of the body. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that can grow into surrounding tissues or spread to other areas of the body. Breast cancer can occur in both women and men, even though there is only a 1% chance for men to be diagnosed with breast cancer. (The American Cancer Society) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that there is a few different types of breast cancers and the most common types are Ductal Carcinoma and Lobular...
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