So many factors influence an individual's behaviour that it is impossible to accurately predict what behaviour will be in all situations. Why then should managers take time to understand individual differences?
Human behaviour is difficult and every individual has different behaviour from another, the challenge of an effective organization is in positively matching the task, the manager and the subordinate. According to Hamid Keshavarz, under best situation, a manager would first study the duty, then decide the necessary skills and assemble a team that complement each other skills. Thus creating an enriching and conflict free team. In reality, a manager has to use the remaining resources for a given task, and must have the capability to understand the differences in individual behaviours and use them properly to increase the cooperation. In order to understand individual behaviour and personalities, it is important to understand the basics of human cognition.
There is too much factors that influencing individual behaviour. According to Ashim Gupta, the factors that may occur to influencing individual behaviour is abilities, gender, race, perception, attribution, attitude and personality. For abilities, usually abilities of a person are the natural or learnt traits. Abilities can be categorised into mental and physical abilities and different task requires different level of the two. Mental abilities characterize the brainpower, person’s deductive reasoning, and memory, analytical and verbal comprehension. Physical abilities include muscular strength, stamina, body coordination and motor skills. An individual’s self-awareness of his own abilities determines how he or she feels about the task given, while the manager’s opinion of his or her abilities defines the kind of task he or she allocates to the individual.
Ashim Gupta says, in gender, research determines