...Punishment versus Rehabilitation Paper Punishment versus Rehabilitation Paper Punishment versus Rehabilitation The criminal justice system has four objectives. They are deterrence, punishment, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. Of these four deterrence, punishment, and incapacitation typically work together. Anytime a person commits a crime, punishment and rehabilitation are needed to address the problem swiftly and effectually. (Punishment vs. Rehabilitation: A Proposal for Revising Sentencing Practices, 1991). When the offender moves from prison to a step-down unit as they get closer to his or her release, they tend to have other issues other than drug and alcohol rehabilitation, and this is what causes recidivism. Research has shown that many prisoners in super maximum units experience extremely high levels of anxiety and other negative emotion. When released, often without any "decompression" period in lower security facilities, they have few of the social or occupational skills necessary to succeed in the outside world (Rehabilitate or Punish, 2003). Craig Haney, Ph.D. states, "This is what prison systems do under the emergency circumstance, they move to punitive social control mechanisms. But it's a very short-term solution, and one that may do more long-term damage both to the system and to the individuals than it solves (Rehabilitate or Punish, 2003)." Throughout this paper, I will be a discussing the strengths of punishment, and how it deters the offenders...
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...Punishment versus Rehabilitation Paper Punishment versus Rehabilitation Paper Punishment versus Rehabilitation The criminal justice system has four objectives. They are deterrence, punishment, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. Of these four deterrence, punishment, and incapacitation typically work together. Anytime a person commits a crime, punishment and rehabilitation are needed to address the problem swiftly and effectually. (Punishment vs. Rehabilitation: A Proposal for Revising Sentencing Practices, 1991). When the offender moves from prison to a step-down unit as they get closer to his or her release, they tend to have other issues other than drug and alcohol rehabilitation, and this is what causes recidivism. Research has shown that many prisoners in super maximum units experience extremely high levels of anxiety and other negative emotion. When released, often without any "decompression" period in lower security facilities, they have few of the social or occupational skills necessary to succeed in the outside world (Rehabilitate or Punish, 2003). Craig Haney, Ph.D. states, "This is what prison systems do under the emergency circumstance, they move to punitive social control mechanisms. But it's a very short-term solution, and one that may do more long-term damage both to the system and to the individuals than it solves (Rehabilitate or Punish, 2003)." Throughout this paper, I will be a discussing the strengths of punishment, and how it deters the offenders...
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...are involved with their schooling, friends and activities and then we have those parents who are less attentive and preoccupied with their own needs and wants. There has been some question to weather the juvenile system should focus on rehabilitation or punishment, my stand is that they should most defiantly focus on rehabilitation more so than punishment. I have come to find though our learning’s and discussions that not all delinquent children choose to do so for the want of being “bad” or defiant but rather to feel complete, needed and wanted. We see this pattern more so in those who choose to become a member or a gang. I feel that when this is the case they should not be punished but rather redirected, counseled, and educated on why they are choosing a life of crime for their future rather than choosing to be a full functioning member and assent to the community. Each child is different just as their choices and reasoning’s are and should be rehabilitated according to their needs so that they can become our positive future rather than our future inmates. When rehabilitation is used it corrects the reason of why someone is choosing to be delinquent, and this in most cases prevents further delinquent decisions and activities. Rehabilitation would help with all aspects of the justice system. Law enforcement agents would have fewer run-ins with the same suspects which would lead to less arrest of repeat offenders. With fewer repeat offenders the court’s would have less cases...
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...Rehabilitation Paper Luanne McKnight CJS/230 03/03/13 Edward Harris, MS Rehabilitation Paper According to an encyclopedia, rehabilitation means “to restore to useful life, as through education” or restored to good condition, operation, or capacity.” (Wikipedia) Prisoner rehabilitation has gone through many changes over the years. In 1871 the national Congress on prison and reformatory discipline believed “crime was a moral disease, of which punishment was the remedy.” (Foster, 2006) the rehabilitation error, which spanned from the mid-1950s through the middle of the 1970s only took place in a few prisons in the southern states. In 1970, the joint commission on correctional manpower and training developed the medical model. This program would focus on the inmates social, intellectual or emotional deficiencies and Taylor program to rehabilitate them. For most inmates, the rehabilitation error develops three basic functions: classification on entering the prison; assignment to an institution based on that classification; and require participation in varied specialized programs focusing on areas in which change could be targeted. (Foster, 2006) Social impact of punishment and rehabilitation are varied. The biggest concerns being the increasing cost of correctional facilities and the fear to families caused by the eventual release of criminals back into society. In many cases, the impact on the victims carries great concern. Victims’ rights, at times, are overshadowed...
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...Hotfelder 11/26/2012 Intro to Criminal Justice Handling the Dilemma over Community vs Institutional Corrections It is the first day of break and Jimmy wants to have a good time with his friends. Long story short, Jimmy decided to drive home drunk and crashed into another car. The driver of the other car passed away.What kind of punishment should Jimmy receive? It seems fair for him to spend time in prison. Should he see probation after the jail time? How much? This scenario helps introduce the dilemma we have today as a society about institutional vs. community corrections. Punishment for crime has always been an issue for debate. With the growth of the American colonies, the colonists needed a system of punishment for lawbreakers. Many methods developed in Europe meant to bring shame to those offenders were adopted. Around this time, the world saw a change in punishment ideology; some began to stress that humans are not perfect and make mistakes. Thus, there should be more reform as well as punish. In 1682, William Penn made a push for change. He limited the death penalty to cases of murder only and called for fines and imprisonment for most offenses. This is widely considered the beginnings of the prison system in the U.S. He also helped start the creation of jails, like the High Street Jail. The first federal prisons were established in 1891. Before this date, prisons were organized by states and territories. The establishment of parole and probation, or community...
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...Punishment vs Rehabilitation Alana Plummer AJS/502 The way our society is set up it is expected for the criminal justice system to either punish or rehabilitate an individual that commits a crime. Punishment is a condition to refer to any change that occurs after a behavior that reduces the likelihood that that behavior will occur again in the future. Rehabilitation is a treatment and training to an offender so that he or she is made capable of returning to society. There are differences between the effectiveness of punishment compared with the effectiveness of rehabilitation of convicted offenders in prison and under community supervision. Punishment and rehabilitation both are effective with the deterrence of crime, effects on victims and offenders, society and the fiscal effect on society. Deterrence Deterrence is the act of preventing a particular act or behavior from happening. In the criminal justice system deterrence is used to prevent an individual from committing a future crime. Punishment can be an effective deterrence when an individual is sent to jail. Prison is a form of punishment. Prison is a temporary solution while the offender is incarcerated. The highest form of punishment in the criminal justice system is capital punishment. The death penalty is used to deter people from committing crimes. Capital punishment is defined as a form of putting one to death because of a crime a person has committed. The seriousness of the crime determines the punishment...
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...Inmates need work training and rehabilitation while in prison, not a neglectful system and unhelpful personnel. The Sentencing Reform and Corrections Act only applies to a select few that are in federal prisons and most states have done nothing to change that. Not preparing prisoners for the outside world has presented enormous challenges for convicts who have few skills when they are released. The mass incarceration problem will exist without the reformation across all the states. What is the goal of our criminal justice system? Education, counseling, job training? It's about the complications it would form for society as a whole. The state of Texas approved a two-year experiment that funded probation, parole, and re-entry programs. It worked and recidivism rated declined. The prison population dropped by 9,000 saving $443 million dollars and closing 3 prisons. Other states are funding substance-abuse counseling, mental-health treatment, and educational programs. I agree that we need to do something about the mass imprisonment within our country. Fixing the mass incarceration problem is a matter of public safety, about protecting the larger community from repeated criminal activity. Consider punishment vs. rehabilitation; warehousing human beings in degrading conditions vs. effectively preparing them for successful participation in society after their...
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...There have been many arguments about whether or not juveniles should be sentenced to mandatory life without parole. The execution of juveniles for the crimes they committed when they were under the age of eighteen is a huge issue that the Supreme Court has had to deal with. It all started out in 1972 with Furman vs Georgia when the Court ruled that life without parole did not violate the eighth amendment of the constitution. Throughout the years there have been many different opinions about the situation. The majority of supreme court justices believes that it should not be mandatory to sentence a juvenile to mandatory life without parole for committing crimes but the other minority argues to retain it. I agree with the majority of justices who argue that sentencing a juvenile to life mandatory life without...
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...for return and is defined as the act of going back to a prior place, location, situation or setting. Prison re-entry refers to the transition of offenders from prisons or jails back into the community. The concept of life in society is an important part of any reintegration of institutionalized people, including people who have been incarcerated for committing a crime. The institutionalization of a population leads to isolation, segregation and detachment of the elements of a company defining the basis of citizenship. Although individuals often returning to the community focus more on the choice of where they dwell, their long-term success in society is more likely to be dependent on the social roles they have chosen to play, to the extent that they will engage in the community and they have been prepared for this purpose during their incarceration or institutionalization. Reentry can help reduce recidivism as well as assist those who have been previously incarcerated to begin leading law abiding lives once released into society. However, overtime the importance of prisoner reentry has been drastically lowered with less emphasis on helping those to prepare for their release and with post release community integration. As a result, the shortage of reentry programs and limited responsibility of probation or parole to assist in re-entry; the rate at which people return to prison or jail is high. Keywords: reentry, recidivism, institutionalization Re-Entry and Its Effects:...
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...Drug Addicts Need Rehabilitation Not Incarceration Drug addiction is a dependence on an illegal drug or medication and unfortunately causes an intense craving for the drug. These cravings can be so extreme that it causes users to find any means possible to get the drug which can easily lead to criminal activity and charges, which ultimately leads to time spent behind bars. Jails and prisons within the United States are already overpopulated, and drug addicts are just adding to the already extremely high numbers. In order to help alleviate this problem there needs to be some changes made with the way addicts are dealt with. Some serious thought needs to be given as to why the justice system chooses to incarcerate addicts instead of sentencing them to court mandated rehabilitation centers. By doing this, the addict would be forced to face the real issue which landed the individual in the situation to begin with, the addiction. Addicts need to be offered some sort of rehabilitation, whether it is inside or outside, only offering incarceration with no rehabilitation should not be an option. Without the addict dealing with the addiction head on, there is a slim chance of becoming productive members of society and a greater chance of making another appearance behind the prison walls. When it comes to whether addicts should be offered treatment or not, and if so where, whether it be in prison or outside, if they should be offered any at all, opinions vary quite drastically. Many people...
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... Objectives of Punishment 2 Punishment is the authoritative imposition of something negative or unpleasant on a person, animal and/or society in concern to the behavior or act considered wrong and/or illegal by a single entity or society as a whole. Punishments account for their degree of severity of their unpleasantness, and may include punishments such as reprimands, restrictions of privileges and/or liberty, fines, incarcerations, ostracism, the infliction of pain, and the death penalty. * * There are five main objectives to the punishment of criminals within the criminal justice system. 1) Incapacitation: if the criminal is in jail or prison then society does not have to be concerned that the criminal will commit another crime. 2) Deterrence: Threaten the criminals with harsher and longer sentencing laws in order to deter them from committing more crimes, 3) Restitution: Make the criminal return payment for any and all damages occurred during the commission of his/her crime. 4) Retribution: This is also considered revenge, “an eye for an eye; a tooth for a tooth”, The criminal done harm...
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...Punishment verses Rehabilitation Kevin Atkinson University of Phoenix AJS/502 Steven Cook March 30, 2015 The purpose of this paper is to compare the effectiveness of punishment compared to the effectiveness of rehabilitation, as well as their effects on the victims, offenders, social society and fiscal society. The criminal justice system actually has four objectives. Two of them are punishment and rehabilitation. These are the two objectives that society has the highest expectations of and the greatest interest in. Both the criminal justice system and the public each have their own opinions on how each of the objectives will or will not work. These two objectives are normally paired together, however no system relies on incarceration for a short time and then rehabilitation for a lengthy period of time. Both punishment and rehabilitation are primary focuses among correctional facilities, it is up to the facility which it chooses to put as its primary. The most common form of punishment is incarceration. Their primary goal is deterrence of crime. Deterrence can be categorized into three areas; special, specific and general deterrence. Rehabilitation has been proven an...
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...Differences in Jails and Prisons CRJ 303: Corrections 09/12/2011 When an individual commits a crime and is found guilty in a court of law, he or she will either be sent to jail or prison. The placement of the individual depends on the type of crime that is committed. Jail and prison are both places to send a criminal to keep them out of society and to do time for the crime that was done. There is a difference between jail and prison. Not everyone goes to jail for a crime. They may be sent to prison to serve his or sentence. In this paper I will discuss the difference between jail and prison. Jail can be defined as “a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence).” (TFD, 2011) People who go to jail do not serve a long sentence. The will be in jail no more than up to two years or less. The mission for jails is pretty simple, “jails are full service facilities that offer security, food service, medical care, and offender programs.” (Seiter, 2011, Pg. 73) Jails are operated by the by the local government in which it is in. “There are about 3,600 jails in the U.S.” (CL, 2011) Jails are funding by the state that they are located in. The average size of a jail cell is 6 x 8. “Jails don’t have many amenities for people serving time there, since they won’t be there for very long (although a jail sentence...
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...Paper Punishment has been a subject of deliberate among philosophers, political leaders, and lawyers for centuries. Various theories of punishment have been developed, each of which attempts to justify the practice in some form and to state its proper objectives. The quantity and severity of punishments were reduced, the prison system have been improved. According to the Montgomery County Correctional Facility, Maryland, some of the major reasons for punishment are to reform, deterrence, rehabilitation, compensation, and retribution. Punishment for reform is intended to benefit the offender and society by changing the offender into a contributor to society. Punishment as deterrence is intended to benefit society by discouraging would-be offenders. Punishment to extract compensation is intended to benefit the victim of the offender. Finally, retribution is the only object for punishment that is primarily intended to harm the offender. Individuals are in prison because they broke the rules and would have to serve their time. Some go to federal prison and some go to state prisons. It depends on the type of crime that a person commits because these prisons harbor different types of criminals they also have different guidelines to follow in terms to punishing the inmates. Criminal offenders who benefit from prevention services and are at risk of committing more crimes include, juvenile offenders with learning difficulties, high school dropouts, and urban youth gang members...
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...In South Africa there is a lot of prison violence going on. Violence in terms of deaths due to unnatural causes such as murders, suicides and accidents. (CSPRI, 2017) It is due to different causes. The main cause is overcrowding in combination with bad living circumstances and lack of staff. It is a big problem because it is difficult to control a prison without enough wardens. For example the Pollsmoor Prison, with its extreme overcrowding which leads to irritations and violence. The prison population is growing and so does the budget. Put in extra wardens is an issue for the government. In South Africa a lot of prisoners have to deal with assaults, rape and even being killed by prison officials or fellow prisoners. The state has to ensure safety of the prisoners, according to the law of human rights. Despite this, violence is still a part of prison life. (CSPRI, 2017) Improve living circumstances...
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