...AIDS AND PROSTITUTION Fighting AIDS in developing countries is not a lost battle! For years, prostitution has been a major theme in discussions about the global AIDS problem. The media often run stories about AIDS that focus on sex workers (individuals who sell sex), and governments and HIV related organizations, frequently talk about prostitution in the context of AIDS. Of course these are related problems because one is the main cause of the other. This epidemic is bigger in developing countries, but it all exist in Europe or U.S.. The biggest difference between both sides of the Equator is the culture which influences the way to face this problem. It is assured that there are other issues which influence it, such as money, education and governments. However, all of them drift from culture countries. Developing countries are faced with a prostitution problem bigger than developed countries. Actually, in developing countries children are sold by their families to bordellos where they are forced to have sex without protection. This is leading to a high probably to be infected by AIDS. On a “TIME” article (Nepal´s lost daughters, “India soiled goods” by Dhruba Adhikary, Katmandu and Maseeh Rahman) we can read a lot of this examples told by people who lived this tragedies. All of them were infected by this disease and all of them were a lot of troubles when return to their families or birthplace because people reject them. They are called by “India´s soiled goods” and...
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...place. It brings the local market and the global market in a bond which creates new ideas and thoughts to both the market. Goods, which were once confined to western countries, are available across the globe. Work can be outsourced to any part of the world that has an Internet connection. Because of improvements in traffic infrastructure one is able to reach one’s destination in a relatively short span of time. This paper clearly speaks about the impact of globalization and the challenges faced by it in the world. It speaks about the impact in developed and developing countries of the world. Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 5 Definition of Globalization 5 Globalization trend in the past golden years 5 CHAPTER 2 8 Positive impact of Globalization 8 Challenges faced due to Globalization 9 Comparison between Benefits and Challenges 11 CHAPTER 3 13 Impact on developed countries 13 Impact on developing countries 14 Conclusion 15 Case Study 15 References 16 CHAPTER 1 Definition of Globalization As a term globalization is defined as the merging of the economies and societies all over the world. Out of the few hundred definitions we are going to see some of the definition concerned with the global economy and business perspective. It can be defined as "is the closer integration of the countries and peoples of the world ...brought about by the enormous reduction of costs of transportation and...
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...would help alleviate poverty by connecting children in developing countries to the rest of the world. Therefore, he described OLPC “is an education project, not a laptop project” (Quelch, 2008). Problems facing by OLPC OLPC offers a laptop which is low power requirement, preventing water or sand or dirt damage, open source software, unique interface, and possibility for solar power and hand-crank powering lost cost (Quelch, 2008). These terms for an innovative, unique laptop seem bound for success (Davison, 2008). The $100 laptop should be experiencing growth in developing countries. However, some developing countries are reluctant to develop OLPC laptop, and some have cancelled planned purchases (Kraemer, Dedrick & Sharma, 2009). Meanwhile, the OLPC organization (www. olpc.com) struggles with key staff defections, budget cuts, mission disillusionment, high cost of OLPC laptop, difficult to sell to developing countries and unexpected aggressive competitors’ threats. These obstacles faced by OLPC indicate OLPC might not provide a new tool for children in developing countries and cannot profitably reach millions of poor children in developing countries. Here, we have to ask some questions: Is the vision still viable? How can OLPC sell 5 million laptops to developing countries? How can they overcome the design and cost challenges? How do they effectively deal with competitors’ similar products? The major problems faced...
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...Discuss the problems for a developing country of measuring its GNP and interpreting these statistics. Most countries use Gross National Product (GNP) as an indication of the economic welfare of a country. However, there are numerous problems involved when calculating the GNP. This is especially true in developing countries. The first problem that a developing country might encounter is the existing use of barter in the economy. Barter is not included in the proper records of economic activity. Therefore governments in developing countries find it hard to gather the statistics for the calculation of the GNP. It is even possible for countries to not even have proper records of economic activity. Furthermore, a developing country might lack the resources or skills required in order to collect the data needed. They may not be able to afford allocating skilled manpower and other resources to collect data. The government themselves may be incompetent or inefficient which may lead to inaccurate and unreliable measurements of the GNP. In developing countries, non-marketed goods and illegal goods may distort the values of the GNP. Unpaid services such as housewives, self-consumed output and payment in kind lead to the inaccuracy in the GNP. Since many developing countries depend on their primary sector heavily, such as farming, include goods that are kept for subsistence purposes. Such goods are not recorded in the GNP statistics. Even if the GNP statistics were accurate...
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...World Trade Organisation History At the United Nations conference held at Geneva in 1947, twenty three countries including United States of America signed General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). During the same year, a charter was put on the table for setting up, within the United Nations Organisation, of a new agency to be called International Trade Organisation (ITO). Fifty nations signed the charter in Havana the following year, but it was never subsequently ratified by the required number of countries. The purpose of the agreement was to promote international trade free of barriers in the aftermath of World War II, and to draw up proposals for the implementation of policies based on those principles set in the agreement. It covered all the issues like tariffs, quotas, taxes, international commodity agreements and whatever was considered to have a bearing on the development of international trade, and was based on policies of non-discrimination and tariff reductions. GATT has been expanded and updated through a series of multi-year conferences. The most famous have been the Kennedy Round (1963-1967), the Tokyo Round (1973-1979), and the Uruguay Round (1986-1994). The Uruguay Round ended with the decision to dissolve GATT and establish the more powerful and more institutionalised World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995. The WTO replaced GATT as an international organization, but the General Agreement still exists as the WTO’s umbrella treaty for trade in goods. Trade...
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...Table of content Abstract ……………………………………………………………………… 2 Introduction ………………………………………………………………….. 3 Chapter I ……………………………………………………………………... 4 I. What are multinational companies? II. Main Multination companies in Sri Lanka III. What is meant by International Marketing? Chapter II ……………………………………………………………………………….. 6 I. Business environments faced by multinational companies. II. Planning process of the multinational companies. Chapter III ………………………………………………………………………………. 8 I. Uncontrollable variables faced by multinational companies in Sri Lanka and the strategies implemented to gain the market share. II. Concluding remarks References ……………………………………………………………………………….. 17 Abstract This research is to find out what are multinational companies and also the main multination companies which are operating in Sri Lanka. Further, the research analyzes the business environments, mainly the uncontrollable environments of foreign countries and the planning process of multinational companies. The main objective of this research is to analyze the factors which are affecting to market mix strategies of multinational companies operating in Sri Lanka. The research is mainly done from secondary data available in the internet and also from the paper articles. Research findings will gives an idea about what are multinational companies, methods they adopt to market their products in Sri Lanka and what the factors that affect to marketing mix strategies of...
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...NIKE - ETHICAL ISSUES AND DILEMMAS INTRODUCTION Nike has been dodging accusations of employing people in the developing and under-developed economies, at low wages and poor working conditions for a considerable period of time. Having tried course correction and public relations as a measure to salvage the bad image generated by the sweatshops that Nike is accused of running, Nike has undertaken massive efforts to overcome these hurdles. Herein we will analyze Nike's international business operations with a critical eye over the ethical issues and dilemmas that this organization has faced while manufacturing its goods in foreign lands. PROBLEM AREAS There are a number of areas that are seen as weak points or links in this Nike case. We shall first highlight the problem areas and then dive into the ethical theories that are supposed to govern them. According to the Wikipedia dictionary, ethics is defined as a general term for the science of morality. While this branch of study can be further sub-divided into various categories, we have to remember that what is appropriate in a given situation may not be so among different circumstances and the decision of right or wrong is relative to its surroundings. Elaborated here are the issues and problems that stand out due to their ethical nature as issues or dilemmas faced by Nike and its operations towards its employees and customers as mentioned in the case study: Poor Working Conditions - In Nike factories, the laborers were provided...
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...The biggest problem faced by any SAARC country is poverty. Poverty has a wide spectrum of causes which vary from country to country. Issues like Naxalism in India, Civil wars in Sri Lanka, Terrorism in Pakistan have a direct link to poverty. Illiteracy and ignorance have resulted in an unbridled rise in population in many under developed nations. This is one of the alarming problems faced by the world considering its impact on global food and commodity market. The impact is so severe that, India which once was an exporter of food grains became an importer. The literacy rate of a country is dependent on socio-economic status of the people. This problem can be viewed from the other side in a different way. Though the land under cultivation in India is more than that of China, Indian agriculture can't feed its own people, while the Chinese could feed themselves. 60% people in India rely on agriculture directly, but its contribution towards GDP is just around 20% to 30% .Lack of implementation of modern technology in the field of agriculture, fragmented land holdings, low irrigation potential, unviable returns etc can be shown as the causes here. Considering the GDP as the bench mark for development of a country, India registered a growth rate around 9% only after globalization in 1991. This clearly indicates that market based economy with minimum regulations encourage entrepreneurship. Survival of small scale and micro level industries is one of the key aspects in the success...
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...Best Buy Co.,Inc: Sustainable Customer Centricity Model Case Study Review Siddarth Anney ID: 573413 Submitted on 10/31/2013 Sound of music, which is known as Best Buy now, is a retail store of consumer electronics having 24 locations with 1,100 stores in US. Best buy adopted the strategy of "Customer Centricity Model" and converting all its stores to adopt Centricity Model is a big task and cost effective. The Centricity Model changed the way how the sales associates worked that is from bringing more sales to understanding customers and answering to their queries. This involved training of sales associates about the products and services that best buy offers. Unlike Walmart's strategy of low-price, Best buy's strategy was service oriented, which made them different from their competitors. Best buy started to expand its market and differentiate its products through acquisitions, It took advantage of its economies of scale, for example Magnolia Hi-Fi inc provided home theater systems and for the installation it took help of geek squad. Best buy expanded its network internationally too by acquisition of Future Shop in Canada and Jiangsu five star appliances in China. The American customer satisfaction index shows that best buy increased its numbers from 2001 to 2012 (acsi,2013) telling us that best buy has good customer satisfaction through out the years. Best buy though was good in customer satisfaction but had certain...
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...Chapter 16- Balancing Competing Demands of Work and Family The main focus of the chapter is the competing demands of paid work and family as single parenthood and dual-earner families replace the traditional family where the husband was the breadwinner while the wife was the homemaker. The competing demands of work and family are childcare, taking care of elderly parents, and the burden of being a single-parent. The chapter also looks at how the government can intervene to help workers balance the demands of work and family. The government reviews family friendly policies such as child care, family and medical leaves, and alternative work schedules. The Competing Demands of Work and Family Both two-earner and single-parent families are faced by conflicts in trying to balance the demands at work and family level. These demands include taking care of small children and elderly family members, and a host of other family obligations. Women that are employed and have families find it difficult to balance the demands because they have family obligations to honor before and after work. Women do more housework than men thus reducing their wages because of decreased time and energy for work. Women’s time is also consumed taking care of the elderly because the responsibility lies mostly in their part. In the U.S, the population of persons aged over 65 is expected to increase by 100 % by 2020 therefore placing more burdens on women. Rationales for Government and Employer Policies to Assist...
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...as well; since machines and industries run on electricity. The case focusses on the main issue of countries not being able to meet the demand for electricity. Apart from developing countries like India and China, even developed nations like United State are not able to meet the growing demand of electricity. As electricity is scarce, many countries are facing issues related to brownouts/blackouts and theft of electricity. It is also discussed that there are some countries that have surplus electricity and are willing to sell the excess electricity to its neighboring countries but are unable to do so because due to lack of required infrastructure. In this case, we discuss the issues related to electricity in detail and look for solutions to encounter such problems. It also discusses that companies should take these issues into account when they design build and market their products globally. Critical Issue/Problem Today every country wants to have strong infrastructure and Internet is one of the powerful tool that could contribute widely to this and for internet, a country should have sufficient power. Insufficient supply of electricity leads to various issues. The case also highlighted that even countries where electricity is surplus are facing issues, few of which are highlighted below: Electricity Outages – Brownouts/Blackouts are a common problem that many countries are experiencing. It is a situation where supply of electricity is not able to meet the demand, resulting...
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...U.S. History Mr. Parnell Jefferson’s Dilemma In the spring of 1803 the United States was offered the opportunity to double its land size by purchasing the Louisiana Territory from the French. During this time Thomas Jefferson was in office serving as our 3rd president. Along with the decision of purchasing the land, Jefferson faced many other difficulties that could have both positive and negative effects on the United States. After hearing word that the Territory had shifted out of Spain’s hands in 1802, Jefferson knew he had to act while Napoleon Buonaparte was still in control of the land. Jefferson did not want to form an alliance with Britain but at the same time he did not want to go to war with France, he had to be vigilant in...
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...The Effect of War and Peace on Foreign Aid Dr. Toi Dennis Elaine Stewart SOC 300: Sociology of Developing Countries May 4, 2014 Introduction Afghanistan is a developing country; the country faced many difficulties soon after its independence. They faced difficulties in the development of their constitution and regulations. The selection of a leader was an issue and the first major task was to prepare a military for the defence and protection of the state. In order to resolve all these issues, finances became a priority. Despite having several problems, the country is gradually upgrading. Numerous countries supported Afghanistan in terms of finance, but the support provided by International Monetary Fund is significant. International Monetary Fund along with The World Bank has been serving Afghanistan since its partition. They have lent huge sums of money to the government so that they can continue with the progress of the state. According to the figures taken out by the Development Assistance Committee of OECD, an approximately twenty-billion dollars was been endowed to the state between 1960 through 2002. This huge amount assisted Afghanistan to rehabilitate its industries, factories and businesses. The twenty-billion dollars was derived from the three major international financial companies. They are The International Monetary Funds, Asian Development Banks and The World Bank. ...
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...• The biggest problem faced by any SAARC country is poverty. Poverty has a wide spectrum of causes which vary from country to country. Issues like Naxalism in India, Civil wars in Sri Lanka, Terrorism in Pakistan have a direct link to poverty. Illiteracy and ignorance have resulted in an unbridled rise in population in many under developed nations. This is one of the alarming problems faced by the world considering its impact on global food and commodity market. The impact is so severe that, India which once was an exporter of food grains became an importer. The literacy rate of a country is dependent on socio-economic status of the people. This problem can be viewed from the other side in a different way. Though the land under cultivation in India is more than that of China, Indian agriculture can't feed its own people, while the Chinese could feed themselves. 60% people in India rely on agriculture directly, but its contribution towards GDP is just around 20% to 30% .Lack of implementation of modern technology in the field of agriculture, fragmented land holdings, low irrigation potential, unviable returns etc can be shown as the causes here. Considering the GDP as the bench mark for development of a country, India registered a growth rate around 9% only after globalization in 1991. This clearly indicates that market based economy with minimum regulations encourage entrepreneurship. Survival of small scale and micro level industries is one of the key aspects in the success...
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...International Conference on Technology and Business Management March 18-20, 2013 Problems affecting the growth of small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India Lubina Zaidi Lubina.zaidi@gmail.com Faculty of Management Studies, University of Delhi Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in the development of the country. It has made significant contribution to industrial production, export and employment generation. In developing countries as well as developed countries they are important from the point of view of employment generations, which is very important in countries like India with huge backlog of unemployment in the urban sections of the economy. It has been observed that their composition depends upon the way the production is being organized in the economy .However in India Government deliberately planned the growth of SMEs to achieve certain economic and non-economic objectives. India has registered a consistent high economic growth (6-9%) over the last decade and was able to survive and sustain world recession triggered in 2008. For the sustainability of this kind of growth proper nurturing of SME sector is imperative. This paper will detail various challenges being faced by Indian SMEs, the role of government in upliftment of staggering Indian SMEs as well as the impact of government initiatives and policies on the upliftment of Indian SMEs. This paper also highlights the recommended solutions so that SME sector is empowered to perform better...
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