...Psoriasis: More than skin deep HCS 245 January 10, 2010 Psoriasis is a noncontagious common skin condition that causes rapid skin cell production resulting in red, dry patches if thickened skin. Although, psoriasis is classified as dermatologic disease, it doesn’t start in the skin, and its damage may be more than skin deep. In fact, the very name is borrowed from an ancient Greek word meaning an itchy or scaley condition. Psoriasis is a chronic condition that strikes both male and female from infancy to the elderly. It can range from mild to severe. Environmental factors play a role; psoriasis has been linked to psychological stress, obesity, smoking, alcohol, strep throat, viral infections, lack of sunlight, and certain medications (antimalarial drugs, lithium, beta blockers, etc.) Psoriasis comes in many forms and about 90% of patients have the plaque type, which is sharply demarcated salmon-pink plaque of inflamed skin covered by silvery scales(July, 2010). Other types of psoriasis include: • Guttate psoriasis- The second most common form of psoriasis. Gutta means droplet. Patients have numerous small, red, scaley spots scattered on the arms and legs. The trigger to the disease is usually a streptococcal (bacterial) infection. The eruption of the lesions on the skin usually happens about 2-3 weeks after the person has strep throat. The outbreak can go away and not reoccur. Outbreaks may also go away and come back, particularly if the person is a strep carrier...
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...Nov. 2011 Psoriasis “Psoriasis is a common skin disease that affects the life cycle of skin cells. Psoriasis causes cells to build up rapidly on the surface of the skin, forming thick silvery scales and itchy, dry, red patches that are sometimes painful” (mayoclinic.com). The word psoriasis was derived from the Greek word psora which means “to itch.” It is neither contagious nor infectious. Though the exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, it is know that the immune system and genetics are major factors in the development of this skin disorder, as well as triggers, which might excite the growth of skin cells. Even though psoriasis only affects about 2-3 percent of the global population, it is one of the most common skin disorders and reason people go to see a dermatologist. Studies show that psoriasis shows up equally among men and women and can appear at any age, but typically between the age of 15 and 35 years. The most common places for psoriasis to appear are the scalp, elbows, knees, and torso, but are not limited to those areas; palms, soles, genitals, nails and although it is rare, the face, anywhere there is skin psoriasis can develop. The psoriasis patches, also known as lesions, general appear symmetrically meaning that if it appears on the left side it will more than likely appear on the right side of the body as well. Not all psoriasis is created equal and can be localized or widespread over the entire body. There are five different types of psoriasis. The different...
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...Plaque psoriasis What is Plaque Psoriasis? It is one of the most common forms of psoriasis that appears as raised, red and silvery patches covered with the scales of dead white skin cells. These plaques often show on scalp, elbows, and knees and even on the lower back. These red patches can be itchy, painful and often can be crack and bleed out. It believes that this sustained disease attack almost 5 million people around the world and in United State America. Plaque Psoriasis can be extremely severe and painful condition. It can be a shameful situation for the patient and does not always answer to treatment and medication. However, it is sometimes misdiagnosed by people as another type of skin problems like dermatitis...
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...Body does get attacked by disease and disorders too. This paper will contain diseases and disorders that can bring the Human Body down, but also the medications that are used to treat these diseases and/or disorders. The five Systems are Skeletal, Muscle, Integumentary, Urinary, and Cardiovascular. Skeletal System First we will start with the Skeletal...
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...Psoriasis is a common skin disease that affects the life cycle of skin cells. Psoriasis causes cells to build up rapidly on the surface of the skin, forming thick silvery scales and itchy, dry, red patches that are sometimes painful. Psoriasis is a persistent, long-lasting (chronic) disease. You may have periods when your psoriasis symptoms improve or go into remission alternating with times your psoriasis worsens. For some people, psoriasis is just a nuisance. For others, it's disabling, especially when associated with arthritis. There's no cure, but psoriasis treatments may offer significant relief. Lifestyle measures, such as using a nonprescription cortisone cream and exposing your skin to small amounts of natural sunlight, can improve your psoriasis symptoms. The cause of psoriasis isn’t fully known, but it's thought to be related to the immune system and its interaction with the environment in people who have the genetic susceptibility. More specifically, one key cell is a type of white blood cell called a T lymphocyte or T cell. Normally, T cells travel throughout the body to detect and fight off foreign substances, such as viruses or bacteria. If you have psoriasis, however, the T cells attack healthy skin cells by mistake, as if to heal a wound or to fight an infection. Overactive T cells trigger other immune responses. The effects include dilation of blood vessels in the skin around the plaques and an increase in other white blood cells that can enter the outer layer...
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...pathophysiology of two diseases namely Psoriasis and the Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV). Basically, psoriasis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease which is said to be complex. The disease is mainly common among individuals who are genetically susceptible and is mainly presented by the inflammatory plaques which develop on one’s skin. Apart from genetic susceptibility, psoriasis is also caused when the immune system mistakes viable cells to be external components. In the past few decades, the pathogenesis of this disease was mainly said to be keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Currently, the pathogenesis of the disease also focuses on the dysregulation of one’s immune system. Primarily, the inflammatory plaques appear as silver-white patches. Conversely, the pathogenesis of HIV is basically attributed to by the extensive degradation of one’s immune system. The HIV pathogenic mechanism is prompted by the presence of HIV virus in one’s immune system. The weakening of the immune system culminates in increased susceptibility to various infections (Dann, 2009). Differences There are major evident differences between the two maladaptive responses of the given diseases. For instance, the two diseases result in different ramifications upon one’s immune system. While HIV tends to weaken one’s immune system, psoriasis does not do the same. In addition, it is evident that the two maladaptive responses differ simply by evaluating the symptoms of each. Psoriasis is depicted through the skin abnormalities...
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...COMMON SKIN RASHES Their Causes and Cures Dr. Stephanie Hill Skin rashes are caused by many different things. They are frequently recognized by symptoms of blistering, dryness, itching, reddening, or scabbing of the skin. Some of the more common ailments that fall into the category of skin rashes are eczema, dermatitis, and psoriasis. This paper discusses these three common types of skin rashes. ECZEMA Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, causes the skin to appear red and blotchy. The disease can occur at any age, from infants to adults, but it typically occurs from infancy to childhood. It affects about 3 percent of the United States population. There are two types of eczema—atopic eczema and hand eczema. Atopic Eczema. Atopic eczema is caused by contact with woolen clothing, by heat, by detergents, by the house dust mite, and by stress. Hand Eczema. Hand eczema is caused by detergents, grease, oils, sensitive skin, and too much exposure to wet work. DERMATITIS Dermatitis is often referred to as contact dermatitis. Some of the more common substances that cause dermatitis are cosmetics, jewelry, household and industrial chemicals, perfumes, plants, rubber, and soaps. Contact dermatitis is further classified as either allergic contact dermatitis or irritant contact dermatitis. Allergic Contact Dermatitis. This skin rash occurs after contact is made with certain substances, called allergens. The rash occurs as a reaction of the body’s immune system to expel...
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...Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic form of eczema. Eczema is a medical condition in which patches of skin become rough and inflamed, with blisters that cause itching and bleeding, sometimes resulting from a reaction to irritation. Seborrheic dermatitis appears where there are a lot of oil-producing glands, or sebaceous glands. The upper back, nose, and scalp are the most common areas. When seborrheic dermatitis has affected the skin, the skin tends to be red in color, swollen, greasy, and have a white or yellowish crusty scale on the surface. Often times, the affected skin can be itchy and irritable. It is estimated that up to one in 20 Americans may be affected by seborrheic dermatitis. Seborrheic dermatitis is somewhat more common in men...
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...TRUE? Select one: a. Basal –epidermal transit time is 25 days b. Sweat has a pH of 3.5-3.9 c. Apocrine secretion has an odor d. Eccrine sweat glands are found in mucous membranes e. None of the other listed options is true Which of the following is TRUE? Select one: a. The skin barrier has no significant role in the pathology of eczema b. There are different forms of eczema c. There are different forms of eczema d. You can grow out of eczema e....
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...AIDS: HIV/AIDS is a serious immune failure and a leading cause of death worldwide. AIDS occurs in the later stages of progression of HIV and causes the immune system of the body to collapse completely. AIDS is considered as a life threatening sexually transmitted disease, though can be transmitted through the means of blood transfusion as well. Chances of survival in AIDS patients are negligible, if diagnosed in later stages. Immune system disorders symptoms for AIDS range from common cold and flu to serious ones like pneumonia and cancer. [pic] Diabetes is a disease that affects the body's ability to make and use insulin and can result in blindness, heart disease, neurological disease, kidney failure and other conditions. Forms of diabetes can result from immune system diseases because of an immune system attacking molecules and self cells. [pic] Asthma: Asthma, a chronic lung disorder, is caused due to inflammation of the air passage. Allergens, irritants or even stimulants such as physical activity can trigger the inflammation and induce variety of discomforts in a person. The symptoms of asthma include wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, etc. [pic] Allergy is a hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system.[1] Allergic reactions occur to normally harmless environmental substances...
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...successful they will be, who they will meet in life, or where they will live. However, many people are meant to encounter challenges that will affect them both physical and mentally. Skin diseases are one of those challenges that has the potential to perpendict with your mental health and physical health. Many people have the tendency to believe that when a person has a skin disorder that they do not keep up with hygiene needs or simply are careless people. Due to the many assumptions of society, these individuals struggling with this unfortunate burden begin to feel isolated and rejected by the people around...
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...PREDNISOLONE VESICLES FOR TREATING PSORIASIS Sonia Tomar, Tinku Singhal, ABSTRACT Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease, associated with metabolic syndrome, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes and many other diseases. There is various type of psoriasis but most common type of psoriasis is caused by Psoriasis vulgaris. It is characterized by rigid of skin due to increase in the level of cholesterol and fall in the level of ceramide. Apart from that it is associated with an immune system of the body means movement of immune cells from dermis to the epidermis, where they stimulate skin cells (keratinocytes) to proliferate. Various type of drug delivery system are used for the treatment of psoriasis including topical, oral or systemic but gels prepration of azithromycin and prednisolone are more effective in reduction of purities, scaling and hyperkeratosis of psoriasis plaque. Niosomal/Vesicular gel, has been explored extensively for topical application to enhance skin penetration as well as skin retention. Prednisolone and azithroycin together provide effective results in the treatment of psoriasis. Due to high entrapment efficiency and stability, gel prepration (Azithromycin & Prednisolone) reduce the scaly patches and suppression of humoral immunity. Keywords: Niosome, Immunity, Topical, Psoriasis, Gel, Azithromycin, Prednisolone. INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is recognized as a complex, chronic skin condition that can have a significant...
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...Integumentary Disorders Anatomy of the skin The skin consists of 3 layers: 1. Epidermis- non vascular outermost layer, continuously dividing cells 2. Dermis- takes the largest portion of the skin and provides strength and structure. It consists of glands (sebaceous, sweat), hair follicle, blood vessels, and nerve endings 3. Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis)- the inner most layer. contains major vascular networks, fat, nerves, and lymphatics Function of the skin • Protection- protection of underlying structures from invasion by bacteria, noxious chemicals and foreign matter. • Sensory perception- transmits pain, touch, pressure, temperature, itching, etc • Fluid balance (excretion)- absorption of fluids and evaporation of excess. • Temperature regulation- produced heat released through skin by radiation, conduction, and convection 1|Page • Vitamin synthesis- skin exposed to ultra violet light can convert substances necessary for synthesizing vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). • Aesthetic- affects appearance Factors influencing skin integrity • Immoblity is the major factor leading to pressure sore development . • The pt who is confined to bed & unable to change position is at greatest risk . • Trauma most likely occur – over the prominent areas – weight bearing areas • • Prolonged pressure impairs blood flow to tissue & resulfs in ischemia & inferction The extent of pressure necessary to cause tisue damage...
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...Aloe Vera: History, Science, and Medicinal Uses Presented by www.HealingAloe.com Many people are looking to nature for answers to their present health challenges. Aloe has never been more popular as a natural and holistic approach to many of today‟s modern diseases. People across the world with Diabetes, Arthritis, Gout, Psoriasis, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Ulcers, Inflammation, and other conditions are looking to Liquid Aloe Vera for help. Even more people believe “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”, and numerous scientific studies on Aloe Vera are demonstrating its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, immune modulating and anti-tumor activities as well as antiviral, anti-bacterial, and antifungal properties. Aloe‟s medicinal properties can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the combined nutritional elements producing a more powerful effect than the individual components. This book will serve to educate and inform you as you decide to make Aloe part of your daily health program. CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Historical Information Early Medicinal Uses Preparation for Use Nutritional Overview of Aloe Medicinal Benefits External Healing Internal Healing Maximize Your Benefits What‟s Next? References 2 2 3 5 7 8 8 11 11 12 www.HealingAloe.com 1 1. Historical Information Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) is a specific species of Aloe. There are over 400 species of Aloe Vera plants in the Lily Family. Aloe plants tend to grow...
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...thin the cartilage and the bones. Osteoarthritis can also result from diseases in which there is softening of the bone, like Paget's disease in which the long bones of the body curve like a bow, or osteoporosis with its bowing of the shoulder called "dowager's hump," or the breakdown of other bones. Other forms of arthritis can also cause a secondary osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is not an inevitable problem of aging. Those who don't suffer from it may have their heredity and possibly the strength of their immune systems to thank. Medical science is not quite sure of all the factors that come into play in deciding who gets osteoarthritis and who doesn't. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory arthritis. It is second only to osteoarthritis in the number of its victims. It affects primarily the small joints in the hands and feet and the synovium, causing crippling deformities. This is an arthritis that usually starts in middle age or earlier. Estimates of the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis run as high as one person in every hundred, and females are two to three times as likely to suffer from it. It seems to start more in the winter and after some siege of sickness, but it is not considered an infective arthritis. Nobody knows what causes rheumatoid arthritis. There may be some hereditary trait, and there seems to be some connection to viral infections like German measles and serum hepatitis, the liver disease brought on by an injection of one kind or another. Because of this...
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