...Jung was a follower of Freud and his theory held some similar traits. This theory includes the conscious, the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious. Carl Jung believed we are motivated by images passed down by our ancestors as well as our repressed experiences. The things we inherited from our ancestors he named the collective unconscious. His theory is full of past events and future expectations. Images we inherit from our ancestors are called archetypes. Personal unconscious holds repressed thoughts of one individual. Consciousness is a very small piece of personality. Jung believed personality comes from mostly unconscious. Just like Freud, Jung’s theory is hard to prove or disprove. Jung was a follower of Freud and his theory held some similar traits. This theory includes the conscious, the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious. Carl Jung believed we are motivated by images passed down by our ancestors as well as our repressed experiences. The things we inherited from our ancestors he named the collective unconscious. His theory is full of past events and future expectations. Images we inherit from our ancestors are called archetypes. Personal unconscious holds repressed thoughts of one individual. Consciousness is a very small piece of personality. Jung believed personality comes from mostly unconscious. Just like Freud, Jung’s theory is hard to prove or disprove. Carl Jung- Analytical Psychology Carl Jung- Analytical Psychology Adler-Individual...
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...Sigmund Freud PSY/405 Sigmund Freud Personality Overview While Sigmund Freud’s theories were and still are extremely controversial and highly criticized, he was one of the most influential psychologists of his time. Freud’s theory of personality, developmental stages, and defense mechanisms are a few of his contributions to psychology. To further understand Freud is to also understand why his theories are criticized. His contributions and theories have brought up much debate, but have also paved the way for new theories. Theory of Personality Structure “Freud’s greatest contribution to personality theory is his exploration of the unconscious and his insistence that people are motivated primarily by drives of which they have little or no awareness” (University of Phoenix, 2009, p. 23). Before the 1920’s, Freud’s model of personality and mental life consisted of the conscious and unconscious mind; which described our thought processes and opened exploration of the unaware mind. Freud believed that people’s behaviors were motivated by things they were unaware of. Freud’s personal experiences, his readings, and exploration of his dreams influenced his understanding of human personality. Through exploration of his dreams, Freud came up with the belief that humans are motivated by things which they are unaware of. For instance, childhood memories that have been suppressed and later cause behaviors that are unexplainable. The suppressed memories are motivations for behaviors...
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...1. [Google, 2014] Attachment and Relational Theories • Human attachments are universal & biologically based; serve to diminish isolation, fear, & distress • In order to thrive emotionally, infants need warm, intimate, continuous relationship with primary caregiver • Attachment figure’s sensitivity affects quality of attachment bond between infant & caregiver • Children who experience “secure base” with attachment figure explore the world with confidence & return to “safe haven” when comfort is needed • Both client & practitioner influence the relationship • The larger social & political contexts inevitably influence the working relationship • Change comes through a “two-person” approach with an emphasis on interaction & inter-subjectivity • Change emphasizes “the relational matrix” • Careful, deliberate, & timely disclosure is given by the practitioner when disclosure is relevant & needed • Attention is given to the “relational unconscious” which is “experientially familiar” • Awareness comes through “not knowing” and , instead, “wondering together” References: • Psychodynamic Presentation. (2014). Retrieved from http://ncsss.cua.edu/res/docs/field/PsychodynamicHBSE.pdf • Cherry, K. (2014). Psychology Center. Retrieved from http://psychology.about.com/od/psychologystudyguides/a/personalitysg_3.htm • Google. (2014). Retrieved from https://www.google.com/search?q=psychodynamic+theories&rlz=1T4RNVL_enUS574US575&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=chU_...
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...Psychodynamic Personalities Overview Angela Harris PSY/405 December 4, 2012 Dr. Patricia Stem Personality Overview Theories of Personality like other topics in psychology consist of many theories along with a very diverse group of theorists who developed these theories. Like other theories in psychology there are strengths and weaknesses that have to be examined. The purpose of this paper is to discuss two theories of personality, the psychoanalytic theory and the interpersonal theory. This paper will focus on a comparison of the two theories, the basic assumption of each, deterministic versus free will and the conscious motives versus the unconscious motives in a person’s behavior. The creator of the Psychoanalytic Social theory was Karen Horney. Horney’s psychoanalytic social theory devoted the same emphasis on society, just like Adler and Erikson. She developed her theory based on the assumptions that society and culture are major contributors to one’s personality development. One assumption in her theory is that a person’s social and the cultural experiences are primarily responsible for the shaping of an individual’s character. (Feist, & Feist, 2009). Other assumptions that Horney had was the importance of a child being raised in a stable loving environment. Horney believed that if a child’s parents did not provide a loving, stable environment, he or she could develop basic hostility, which could lead to basic anxiety. Horney also...
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...Feist, G.J, & Roberts, T.A, (2013). Theories of Personality, 8th ed.; New York,New York: McGraw-Hill Cover Photo - www.googleimages.com Photo of Carl Jung - www.simplypsychology.org Photo of Erik Erikson - www.pinstake.com Photo of Sigmund Freud - www.commons.wikimedia.org Image of Psychodynamic Approach - www.kaycounseling.co.uk | Psychodynamic Personality Brochure Shanta’ Boyd February 16, 2013 PSY/405 University of Phoenix | Psychodynamic Personality Psychodynamic cover.jpg | Personality Personality cannot be described with just one definition being that there are many different schools of thought. Personality can be described as: A pattern of traits and unique characteristics that provide consistency and individuality to an individuals behavior. Personality can also be formed through the consistency, hereditary, and an individual's experiences. An individuals perception of self and the world around them can also be make up an individual's personality. Behavior and Personality Their is a relationship between behavior and personality, but behavior isn’t personality. Psychodynamic Approach Famous theorist like Carl Jung, Erik Erikson, and Sigmund Freud, have all contributed to the psychodynamic theory of personality. Most theories, theories focus on the unconscious and consciousness of the mind as well as the development of ones personality based on their childhood experiences. ...
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...Theories of Personality Team C (Get it) PSY/405 March 20, 2014 Doctor Sabrina Norman Explaining Individuals’ Behavior Introduction paragraph needs to be 150 words Humanistic and Existential Theories Affect Individual Personalities “The humanistic theory emphasizes free will in the development of personality” (Kowalski & Western, 2011). Existential-humanistic psychology plays a significant part in the development of individual personalities. Humanistic theory is the perception of good in every human. This theory outlines steps for everyone to follow to reach a level of self-actualization. Lower physiological needs such as oxygen, water, and nourishment must be satisfied before higher level psychological needs such as belongingness and love are met. “People must satisfy lower needs such as hunger, safety, love and esteem, only after they are relatively satisfied in each of these needs can he or she reach self-actualization” (Feist & Feist, 2009 p. 275). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs helps people understand the steps needed to attain their self-goals. The client-centered theory founded by Carl Rodgers is very similar to Maslow’s theory, but it primarily focuses on helping individuals better him or herself. “Rodger’s used a nondirective approach that focused on the present instead of an individual’s past like Freud’s psychodynamic theory” (Kowalski & Western, 2011). Like Maslow Rodger believed in helping individuals reach the self-actualization level in life. Rollo...
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...Psychodynamic Theories Brochure PSY/405 There have been several theories throughout the years, and they all have their strengths and also their limitations with explaining an individual’s behavior. Theorists like Freud, Adler, Jung, Klein, and Horney, all have unique personalities and life experiences that integrate into the various psychodynamic theories. According to Feist and Feist (2009), “All theories are a reflection of their authors’ personal backgrounds, childhood experiences, philosophy of life, interpersonal relationships, and unique manner of looking at the world” (p. 7). Freud’s Theory According to Freud, the personality includes three parts, known as the id, the ego, and the superego. The desire driven id places demands on the ego for wants, needs, sex, and immediate satisfaction. There are certain needs that drive people, for example, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sex, and others. When looking at the ego, it operates on the reality principle, which means it will help any individual interact and socialize with the real world. Then there is the superego that holds a person’s morality based on what the person takes in from his or her parents and from others in society. Adler’s Theory Adler’s theory is based that a person’s need to be successful or superior derives and or comes from the person’s internal drives (Feist & Feist, 2009). Adler’s theory also states that a person’s personality and behavior is how the person will see and or perceive the physical...
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...Personality Overview You’re Name University of Phoenix PSY/405 Professor February 11, 2012 Personality Overview Theorists have discovered human behavior for many years. In dissimilarity these trait theories describe personality as it exist, “psychoanalytic theories of one’s personality helps to explain the differences among individuals by means of examining how these unconscious forces interchange with his or her thoughts, actions, and feelings. Psychoanalytic theory was discovered by our father of psychology Sigmund Freud” (Feist & Feist, 2009, para. 3). Many of Freud’s theories have placed in the field of medicine, religion, and anthropology. The theory of personality was discovered from Freud, and this has been one of the most persuasive and at, the same time, controversial, in the field of science. Melanie Klein gave some great contributions to the field and Klein’s relation theory, and Alder’s psychology theory. Both of these contributed his and her thoughts to the elaboration, exploitation, and elaboration to psychology. Alfred Alder Individual Psychology Alfred Alder (1870-1937) was in Freud’s inner circle and the first to leave. Individual psychology was Alder’s idea. “Instead of seeing behavior by unconscious forces, believed it is purposeful and goal-directed” (Bottome, 1939, p. 4). The ability to choose and create was Alder’s belief. He also believed that he or she has goals in life that provide a good source of his or her own motivations, especially...
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...Psychodynamic Theories Jayme Terrigno PSY/405 October 6, 2014 Patti Tolar Psychodynamic Theories According to "Good Therapy" (2014), “The psychological interpretation of mental and emotional processes—is rooted in traditional psychoanalysis and draws from object relations, ego psychology, and self psychology” (para. 1). Psychodynamic theories draw most of their information from the idea of the unconscious, especially in the development of early childhood. This paper will describe personality, discuss the mail tenets of the theories presented, discuss how each theory applies to personality and behavior, and discusses the strengths and limitations of each theory. The degree to which individual humans vary from one another, both physically and psychologically, is quite astonishing and somewhat unique among species (Feist, Feist, & Roberts 2013). Personality id the physical characteristics of a person and how it reflects toward others. Personality is the thoughts and feelings that each person holds and shows to others. It is collection of a person, but these pieces of each person tend to remain the unchanged through the years. Psychodynamic theory was developed by a Sigmund Freud, a well-known theorist, and in his own words, scientist. Sigmund Freud began to combine philosophical speculations with a primitive scientific method. As a neurologist trained in science, Freud began to listen to his patients to find out what...
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...Personality Overview PSY/405 Personality Overview Personality is observed in many ways. Many elements can have an effect on how an individual adapts and uses his or her personality to control a situation. Two very different theories come to mind when understanding the variations in a person’s personality. Although many people may have similar traits, there are underlying specifications to why people behave the way they do. As both Karen Horney, and Sigmund Freud have some interesting and similar theories on personality, both are independently different. Karen Horney’s psychoanalytical theory was built on the assumption social and cultural conditions, especially childhood experiences are largely responsible for shaping personality (Feist & Feist, 2009). People have displayed basic hostility (or anxiety) toward people based on unsatisfied emotions of love and affection as a child, therefore adopting one of three different fundamental styles of anxiety; moving toward people, moving against people, or moving away from people. Some strengths of the psychoanalytical theory include the ability to change behavior, and modify behavior to life problem free with others. Limitations are far and few with the vision of oneself, he or she can visualize life the way it can be, and put truth or consequence of adding value to a way of life. Both strengths and limitation can be addressed both consciously and unconsciously. Typically dreams, goals, or ambitions can manifest in the...
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...Personality Overview Marty Annette Hill PSY/405 Instructor: Tyron A. Stern, MA April 4, 2013 Personality Overview Introduction Understanding what makes one person unique from another, is one of psychology’s primary goals. Toward that end, many psychologists have delved into the subject of personality (Meacham, 2012). There is no shortage of personality theories among psychologists and researchers today as many continue their search to understand how personality is developed. Some definitions of personality may have stemmed from how theorists chose to explore the topic. According to the article Personality Theories (2001), “personality theories can be categorized into five main classes, as psychoanalytical, humanistic, behavioristic, social-cognitive, and as trait theories” (Para. 1). This essay purposes to analyze the strengths and limitations of two of the five main classes of personality theories; namely, the psychoanalytic and individual psychological theories. Both theories will be compared and contrasted in relationship to their basic assumptions, deterministic versus free-will positions, and conscious versus unconscious motives for behavior. Personality Theories Analyzed In the field of psychology, there is currently no agreed-upon definition of personality among psychologists (Feist & Feist, 2009). Each person is unique and so is his or her personality. Since many personalities are vastly different from one another, exploring various theories...
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...Personality Overview PSY/405 December 16, 2013 Personality Overview Introduction For several years philosophers continue to find explanations behind an individual’s personality. Trying to understand a person’s personality is complex. Personality is one side of the behavior. Placed in the category of misconception, debate and underrated, behavior is as distinct as a fingerprint. It has taken extensive learning from philosophers through time regarding personalities and has given the culture different hypothesis and philosophies. Even with the numerous philosophies and propositions during the study of behaviors the insinuation on personality is still the same. As time is moving on an understanding takes place in regards to personalities, although many people still remain to have their techniques and add valuable input to the culture of behavioral philosophies. Klein’s object relation theory and Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis are considered the better illustration of giving important inputs that help with explaining and the mistreatment of behaviors and what influences behavior. Humanistic Psychoanalysis Erich Fromm was a psychotherapist that implemented his profession in a typical psychoanalytic method. After ten years of Freudian style methods he created his own style, one with more powerful and demanding techniques. Humanistic psychoanalysis from Fromm starts with the fundamental...
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...Grace Moore Psychodynamic Theories Brochure PSY / 405 Theories of Personality Robert Irizarry 09/21/2015 There have been many theories over time. All of them consists of their strong points as well as there week points in the way of explaining individual’s behavior. This brochure will show the way psychodynamic theories affects personality and behavior, also how it apply to strength an limitation. Theorists such as Freud, Jung, Adler, Fromm, Erickson, Sullivan, Klein and Horney. All of them have a different personalities, and experiences in life that manifested in their psychodynamic theories. All theories are a reflection of their author’s personal background, childhood experiences, and philosophy of life, the way that they looked at the world (2013). What is Personality? Personality is a patterned body of habits, traits, attitude and ideas. Of an induvial as these are organized externally into roles and statuses and they relate internally to motivation, goals, and various aspects of selfhood. Freud’s Theory According to Freud, The personality has three sections the ID, the ego, and the super ego. All three of them has a connection that enable then to work together...
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...Theories of Personalities Elizabeth Scott PSY/405 August 29, 2012 Mark Schmitz Theories of Personalities Two major theories of personality are the psychoanalytic theory and the interpersonal theory, in these reading we will be talking about how these two theories compare to each other and just take a deeper look into the theories in general. The Psychoanalytic Theory The psychoanalytic theory was developed by Sigmund Freud and is best described as what some people call the Freudian slip; this means that you say something in front of someone that you shouldn’t have said, also known as a slip of the tongue. These slips are considered to reveal some sort of underlying and unconscious thoughts or feelings. Take for example your ex and your new significant other, you’re talking one day and you accidently not even thinking about it call your new significant other by your ex’s name. This happens because there may be some feelings left somewhere deep down inside for your ex that you just can’t get rid of and your thinking about them unconsciously and accidently say their name. The psychoanalytic view also states that there are inner forces that we as humans are unaware of that direct our behavior, the unresolved feelings you may have for your ex caused you to call your new partner by their name. The Interpersonal Theory The interpersonal theory was developed by Harry Stack Sullivan, Sullivan insisted that personality is shaped almost entirely by the relationships...
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...PSY 405 September 30, 2012 Lynn Hagan Personalities have a large impact on our everyday lives. Personalities allow us to interact with our fellow peers, in addition to giving individuals the tools to react to situations they may find themselves in. Our personalities are who we are, plain and simple. They set us apart from every other person. For many years, psychologists, such as Freud and Horney, have produced many theories to explain how personalities are developed. The following paper will reflect upon these Dispositional theories and how they influence personalities and interpersonal relationships. The strengths and limitations of these theories will also be analyzed. In addition, the ways these theories can change personalities, have influence on our lives, and on the ways that we conduct ourselves will be discussed. In the matrix that follows, Allport’s psychology of the individual theory will be outlined, as well as, the trait and factor theory. Both theories express how personalities can change through individual experiences and the different situations that we encounter over time. Dispositional Theories Dispositional theories are theories based around personality. These theories include the psychology of the individual and the trait and factor. The psychology of the individual focuses on the uniqueness of an individual, and uses more than general traits to describe the individual (Feist & Feist, 2009). Each person has personal dispositions which are...
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