...Biopsychological research uses images of the organs to study the brain. X-Rays were used to see the imaging of the organ, however, it was useless to use for visualizing the brian. Contrast X-Ray techniques involves injecting into one compartment of the body a substance that absorbs X-Rays either less than or more than the surrounding tissue. (Pinel, JJ 2011). A contrast X-ray technique is called cerebral angiography; it is to visualize the circulatory system. This X-Ray is useful for localizing vascular damage, but the displacement of blood vessels from their normal position also can indicate the location of a tumor. The standard X-ray that is used is the X-ray computed tomography (CT). The CT is used to visualize the image of the brain. An MRI is also used to visually see the brain. The MRI has more resolution and is a three dimensional image. It is able to see things a lot clearer than the CT. The PET is one of the first imaging techniques that was used to see the image of the brain activity. For example if a person was concentrating on a specific item for a few seconds, in a few seconds the portion of the brain that was active will then enlarge in the imaging. Functional MRI is shows the increase in the oxygen flow in the blood. The fMRI has several advantages over PET such as PET has to have an injection and fMRI does not. The fMRI shows both functional and structural of the brain on the same screen or image. The spatial resolution is better on the fMRI then PET and...
Words: 423 - Pages: 2
...PSY240 College Material Appendix G Emotions This activity will increase your understanding of the different biopsychological theories of emotion. All of these methods can be found in the readings from this week. Directions: Complete the matching exercise by matching the theory to its attributes. Type the letter in the blank provided (do not worry about underlining). Then, Write a brief summary of each theory (1-2 sentences each) Darwin James-Lange Cannon-Bard Limbic System 1. __a___ Was first published in the book The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals. 2. __c___ Emotional stimuli have two independent excitatory effects. 3. __b___ Reversed the usual common-sense way of thinking about the causal relation between the experience of emotion and its expression. 4. __a___ Emotion is a product of Evolution. 5. ___c__ Views emotional experience and emotional expression as parallel processes that have no direct causal relation. 6. ___c__ There is a linear relationship between seeing a fear stimuli and feeling fear. 7. __c___ All emotional stimuli produce the same general pattern of sympathetic activation 8. ___a__ Expressions of emotions evolve from behaviors that indicate what an animal is likely to do next. 9. __c___ Different emotional stimuli induce different patterns of ANS activity and that these different patterns produce different emotional experiences 10. __d___ Key structures include: the amygdala, mammillary body...
Words: 392 - Pages: 2
...Kristina Stockton PSY240 Nature-Nurture Issue I believe it is flawed to ask how much of a particular behavior is due to genetics and how much is due to experience, because there is really no way of telling where a person’s behavior came from. I personally believe that a person’s behavior is determined by both, but more of experience. So therefore, nature and nurture plays a role in a person’s behavior. A person may be born with the same behavioral patterns as their parents, but it might take a certain experience to make the behavior come forth. A person may inherit genes of anger issues or may have the alcoholic gene in their blood. What people experience makes a huge difference on their behavior, because people have different values, morals, and ethical beliefs. They may change their personality based on the good experiences and bad experiences in their life. It is appropriate to separate the contributions of genetics and experience when measuring the development of differences among individuals because every individual carries different genes and is also raised differently. There is really no way of judging what factors will affect behavior in a person, because everyone experiences different things. Nature and nurture will always be an issue, because there is no way of telling what affects a person more. We are all different and I don’t believe that we are suppose to figure out why we are the way we are, because that is going to lead to more scientists...
Words: 278 - Pages: 2
...Emotions Lynsey Felger PSY240 October 18, 2013 Carol Watson Emotions Fear is the easiest emotion to infer from behavior in various species; it plays an important adaptive function in motivating the avoidance of threatening situations and chronic fear induces stress. (Pinel, 2011, P. 443). I will discuss the theories with specific examples in order to make a better connection, more personal connections, with the theories. Darwin's believed emotions grew from manners that indicated what an animal would do next in a given situation, that when these manners were beneficial to the animal. The simplest example would be apes evolving into what we are today, humans. The James-Lange Theory was the first attempt to explain the physiological bases of emotion' suggests that emotion-inducing incentives are received and understood by the brain, which trigger instinctive changes, organ changes in the thorax or abdomen, that successively trigger the experience of emotion. An example would be when I declined talking in front of a group because I do not like it. The emotion of feeling nervous makes me automatically assume to dislike the situation. Canon-Baird Theory is an alternative theory based on the idea that emotional stimuli suggest instinctive and emotional responses are independent of one another. An example would be when I see a group of people, which I am presenting in front of, I begin to get flushed and sweat. Papez proposed a limbic system that controlled the expression...
Words: 332 - Pages: 2
...The Brian Shawaun Cunningham PSY240 May 1, 2011 RaTonya Bennett The Brian The brain is consisting of three main sections. They are the forebrain, the midbrain and the hindbrain. These are connected to the central nervous system of the spinal cord (Pinel, 2011). The three sections of the brain can be subdivided into five main structures. The forebrain is where the two main structures reside; this includes the telencephalon and diencephalon which are located within the central nervous system. The midbrain is where the mesencephalon is located along with the hindbrain; the forebrain has the two final structures which are metencephalon and myelencephalon these main structures reside within the central nervous system of the brain (Pinel, 2011). The Myelencephalon, which is known as the medulla, that is located in the hindbrain, this, is the most position part of the brain. The medulla of the brain is the main structure that can carry signals throughout the entire body (Pinel, 2011). The medulla is responsible for the reticular that controls information within the brains central nervous system. The reticular information can be a complex network of the white and gray matter; this can smooth the transition between the descending and ascending signals of the central nervous system within the myelencephalon. The reticular information affects other functions of the body that includes sleep, movements, and arousal. The myelencephalon along with its reticular information can...
Words: 910 - Pages: 4
...Sleep Deprivation, Disorders, and Drugs Mandy Makurat University of Phoenix, Associates Program PSY240 – The Brain, the Body, and the Mind April 27, 2014 Sleep is necessary to function. When we are well rested, we have the ability to think clearer, be sharper, more alert and our health benefits from it as well. If you do not believe me, do a home study on yourself some time and you will soon be a believer. Back in my early twenties, I conducted a sleep study for myself. I would go out 3 or 4 times per week to sing at open mic nights with a group of friends and bandmates. Over the course of a year, I continued this while working in an office full-time and going to school full-time as well as being a parent to a 9 year old boy. I slowly began to feel the effects from sleep deprivation. At first it began as being a little cloudy feeling, almost like a hangover and my eyes would get very sleepy. I would feel like I could fall asleep within seconds from my heavy eye lids and I used to take naps at work on my lunch breaks. Naps helped to some degree but the fact that I was running on empty at 10 am because I was up until 3am the night before and up again at 6 am for work eventually was not working for me. I became withdrawn from work, began to strongly dislike my position and made a slew of bad decisions. I found it nearly impossible to concentrate on my once mundane tasks and had a difficult time staying alert while driving my son to school in the morning and...
Words: 788 - Pages: 4
...Analyzing Psychological Disorders Michelle Newland Psy240: The Brain, the Body, and the Mind November 24, 2009 Analyzing Psychological Disorders I want to take this time to thank you for the opportunity and for this interview. I learned so much while I was in school but I realize that I still have more to learn. I would appreciate the opportunity to work with you and for you and to be able to continue to learn. I once again appreciate the opportunity to show you what I have learned about schizophrenia as well as the opportunity to review two case studies that you have presented me with. I am confident that I can live up to your expectations. There are many different forms of psychological disorders. These disorders can, and do, range from simple common phobias to schizophrenia. These would be considered a disorder of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions (Pinel, 2006). These disorders are labeled in accordance to the predominant features (Heffner, 1999-2003). Schizophrenia is caused by the splitting of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functions of the brain. The symptoms vary for those who have been diagnosed as being schizophrenic. Some of the symptoms would be: hallucinations, difficulty paying attention, thought pattern in disarray, delusions, catatonia, and “word salad” (Pawlik-Kienlen, 2007). To better...
Words: 1874 - Pages: 8
...Introduction The biopsychologist will implement the biological approach to psychology in the attempt to study psychological diseases and disorders as well as in the diagnosis and treatment of individual’s suffering from such diseases and disorders. The following will include the analysis of the disorder known as Schizophrenia. The areas of brain affected, causal factors, associated symptoms, neural basis and appropriate drug therapies will be discussed. In addition, the disorders of Anorexia Nervosa and Generalized Anxiety Disorder will also be examined. Both the disorders of Anorexia Nervosa and Generalized Anxiety Disorder will be discussed for their relation to the nature-nurture issue and other appropriate theories of etiology. Possible drug therapies and alternative solutions will also be a focus of discussion. Part A: Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is undoubtedly one of the most complex psychiatric disorders of all time. A disorder which name defines the “splitting of psychic functions (Pinel, 2007, p.481)”, Schizophrenia often presents itself with a variety of characteristic symptoms including possible delusions, hallucinations, disorganized or incoherent speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior patterns and negative symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Social and occupational dysfunction often accompany these characteristic symptoms of Schizophrenia and the combination of function impairment and symptoms must persist in duration for a period...
Words: 2354 - Pages: 10
...| Course Design Guide College of Social Sciences PSY/240 Version 6 The Brain, the Body, and the Mind | Copyright © 2011, 2010, 2009, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides an introduction to the investigation of physiological and neurological basis for human behavior. The student will be able to study and discuss various influences on personality development, such as pre-natal maternal behavior; gender; nature versus nurture; brain development; genetic composition; sensory motor interactions; learning disabilities; drug impacts; and neurological diseases. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Pinel, J. P. J. (2009). Biopsychology. Boston, MA: Pearson. Associate Level Writing Style Handbook, available online at https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/CWE/pdfs/Associate_level_writing_style_handbook.pdf All electronic...
Words: 2714 - Pages: 11
...Analyzing Psychological Disorders Analyzing Psychological Disorders Jessica Champion PSY/ 240 Mrs. Barbara Burt Axia University of Phoenix College Analyzing Psychological Disorders Introduction A biopsychologist will execute a biological approach to psychology in the endeavor to study psychological diseases and disorders, in addition to in the diagnosis and treatment of individual’s anguish from diseases and disorders. The subsequent will consist of the psychoanalysis of the disorder identified as Schizophrenia. As for the areas of brain affected, contributory factors, related symptoms, the neural origin, and suitable drug therapies will be discussed. Additionally, the disorders of Anorexia Nervosa and Generalized Anxiety Disorder will also be examined. Therefore the disorders of Anorexia Nervosa and Generalized Anxiety Disorder will be discussed for their relation to the nature-nurture issue and other appropriate theories of etiology. Possible drug therapies and alternative solutions will also be a focus of discussion. Part A: Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is indubitably one of the most intricate psychiatric disorders of all time. It is a disorder which name defines the “splitting of psychic functions (Pinel, 2007, p.481)”, Schizophrenia habitually presents itself with a multiplicity of attribute symptoms including hallucinations, possible delusions, disorganized ,grossly disorganized, incoherent...
Words: 2502 - Pages: 11
