...Assignment 2: Crime Theories Charles Faust Professor Jesse Witherspoon CIS 170-Information Technology in Criminal Justice 11/3/13 Abstract “In any society the benefits or affluence is not equally distributed and there are individual differences in personality profiles, and different groups are able to cope with strain and therefore psychological, social environmental factors, official crime control methods, values and beliefs, as well psychological factors, biological factors and social factors interact in different degrees on individuals and groups and therefore give birth to the commitment of crime (Fickle p.32).” This in essence is the theory of crime as it is related to today’s world and how I view digital crime. Psychological issues are at the leading forefront for the cause of digital crime. Psychological Theories “There are several psychological theories that have been applied to criminal activity (Taylor p. 39).” I will look at the impact of how moral development and personality disorders have certain effects on crime. Moral development theories allow you to look at the differences that exist between criminals and noncriminal, whereas personalities show that there are specific behaviors that show can lead to crime. Moral Development. Considering the relative influence of nature and nurture in the determination of criminal behavior is obviously crucial. There has been some research that considers the importance of genetic factors and some that considers...
Words: 1092 - Pages: 5
...University of Phoenix Material Psychological Disorders Etiology of Psychological Disorders Describe the following perspectives on the etiology of psychological disorders: |Perspective |Description of Perspective | |Biological Perspective |This is a perspective that studies the physical basis for animal and human behavior. It involves| | |such things as studying the immune system, nervous system and genetics. | |Learning Perspective |This perspective views the human development which holds that changes in behavior result from | | |experience or from adaptation to the environment. | |Cognitive Factors |Refer to characteristics of the person that affect performance and learning. These factors serve| | |to modulate performance such that it may improve or decline. These factors involve cognitive | | |functions like attention, memory, and reasoning (Danili &Reid, 2006) | |Diathesis-Stress Model |This is a theory that attempts to explain behavior as a predispositional vulnerability together | | |with stress...
Words: 417 - Pages: 2
...Syllabus Course Description This course provides an overview of basic psychological principles that underlie human behavior and reactions to everyday life. Students are provided an opportunity to apply critical-thinking skills to psychological problems and issues. The basic tenets of psychology are presented from a historical perspective, with attention to research-based behavioral science. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: · University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. · Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Carpenter, S., & Huffman, K. (2010). Visualizing psychology (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Introduction to Psychology Details Due Points Objectives 1.1 Describe the development of the discipline of psychology. 1.2 Compare and contrast research methods used to examine psychological phenomena. 1.3 Explain biological influences on the human brain. Readings Read...
Words: 2233 - Pages: 9
...INTRODUCTION 1 Cluster A (ODD) 2 COMMON FEATURES 3 Cluster B (Dramatic) 3 COMMON FEATURES 3 Cluster C (Anxious) 3 COMMON FEATURES 3 CLINICAL DISCRIPTION 4 CAUSES OF SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER 4 Cluster C 4 AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER SYMPTOMS 5 CAUSES OF AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER 5 CONCLUSION 8 REFERENCE 9 INTRODUCTION In this assignment I will be discussing personality disorder that I found it relevant from the given case study. Personality Disorder implies there is something not-quite-right about someone’s personality. However, the term “personality disorder” simply refers to a diagnostic category of psychiatric disorders characterized by a chronic, inflexible, and maladaptive pattern of relating to the world. This maladaptive pattern is evident in the way a person thinks, feels, and behaves. The most noticeable and significant feature of these disorders is their negative effect on interpersonal relationships (Livesley, 2006). A person with an untreated personality disorder is rarely able to enjoy sustained, meaningful, and rewarding relationships with others, and any relationships they do form are often fraught with problems and difficulties. To be diagnosed with a...
Words: 1982 - Pages: 8
...Study Guide #4 Chapter 11 Define personality. When did Freud practice? How did this affect his developing theory? Explain the three parts of the mind: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. Define the three parts of the personality: id, ego, and superego. How do they work together (which two are in conflict)? What are psychological defense mechanisms? Define denial, repression, rationalization, and projection, and be able to recognize them in an applied scenario. Explain the psychosexual stages and list the five stages and the conflict associated with the first three. Explain the Oedipus/Elektra complex. How do behaviorists view personality? Explain the social cognitive view of personality. Define reciprocal determinism. What is self-efficacy? How do people high in self-efficacy differ from those low in self-efficacy? Define locus of control and explain the difference between an internal and external locus of control. Explain the self-actualizing tendency and its relation to the self-concept. Define the real and ideal self. When is mismatch likely to occur between the two, and what does it often result in? What is unconditional positive regard? Define trait theory and explain what a trait is. Who is Gordon Allport and what contribution did he make to trait theories? Define Cattell’s surface and source traits. List and explain the Big Five/Five-Factor Model traits. Explain the trait-situation interaction. Chapter...
Words: 514 - Pages: 3
...involves the “continued, self-administered use of a substance despite substance-related problems, and it results in tolerance for the substance, withdrawal from the substance, and compulsive drug-taking behavior due to cravings.” The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-V), combined the DSM-IV categories of Substance Abuse and Substance Dependence into a single category of Substance Use Disorder (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). The DSM-V covers 11 criteria for Substance Use Disorder: 1) taking the substance in larger amounts or for longer than the you meant to; 2) wanting to cut down or stop using the substance but not managing to; 3) spending a lot of time getting, using, or recovering from use of the substance; 4) cravings and urges to use the substance; 5) not managing to do what you should at work, home or school, because of substance use; 6) continuing to use, even when it causes problems in relationships; 7) giving up important social, occupational or recreational activities because of substance use; 8) using substances again and again, even when it puts the you in danger; 9) continuing to use, even when the you know you have a physical or psychological problem that could have been caused or made worse by the substance; 10) needing more of the substance to get the effect you want (tolerance); 11) development of withdrawal symptoms, which can...
Words: 1120 - Pages: 5
...Personality & Psychological Disorder Kasia Nalbandian American Intercontinental University 3/15/2014 Abstract In this week individual project I’m going to describe Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, I’m going to describe Erikson’s theories, a description of each stage of development using a description of an analysis character that represents each stage of development with a character that can be from television show, a movie, or a literary character from a book. You can also use a person that you know in your life such as a friend or relative and also I’m going to explain how each character represents the stage, and how the character resolves crisis. Personality and Psychological Disorder One of the most important things for a human is the personality and psychological disorder, personality is a pattern of human thoughts, feelings and behaviors which everyone will consider unique with. Personality will grow with humans and built from new born and up, personality has different theories that explains the aspects of our personality, the theories are the followings, trait theories, psychoanalytic theories, behavioral theories, humanist theories and personality disorder, the main theory that I’m going to concentrate on is personality disorder. (Boreree,2006 para 24,25,26,27,28 ) talked about the underlining mechanics of the theory the key of the concept is the epigenetic principle, that we develop true predetermine serious of the stages, and...
Words: 2524 - Pages: 11
...mental processes of organisms. > the goals of psychology are to describe, explain, predict, and control behavior. ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY * Abnormal psychology is the branch of psychology that studies unusual patterns of behavior, emotion and thought, which may or may not be understood as precipitating a mental disorder. * Although many behaviors could be considered as abnormal, this branch of psychology generally deals with behavior in a clinical context. * There is a long history of attempts to understand and control behavior deemed to be aberrant or deviant (statistically, morally or in some other sense), and there is often cultural variation in the approach taken. * The field of abnormal psychology identifies multiple causes for different conditions, employing diverse theories from the general field of psychology and elsewhere, and much still hinges on what exactly is meant by "abnormal". * There has traditionally been a divide between psychological and biological explanations, reflecting a philosophical dualism in regards to the mind body problem. * There have also been different approaches in trying to classify mental disorders. * Abnormal includes three different categories, they are: * subnormal * supernormal * paranormal * The science of abnormal psychology studies two types of behaviors: adaptive and maladaptive behaviors. * Behaviors that are maladaptive suggest that some problem(s) exist, and...
Words: 5375 - Pages: 22
...Material Psychological Disorders Etiology of Psychological Disorders Describe the following perspectives on the etiology of psychological disorders: |Perspective |Description of Perspective | |Biological Perspective |Biological perspective is a way of looking at psychological topcis by studying the physical | | |basis for animal and human behavior. It is one of the major perspectives in psychology, and | | |involves such things as studying the immune sytem, nervous system, and genetics. | |Learning Perspective |The views of human development which holds the changes in behavior result from experience or | | |form adaptation to the environment. | |Cognitive Factors |Something inmaterial that contributes to producing a result. | |Diathesis-Stress Model |A psychological theory that attempts to explain behavior or illness as a result of | | |predispositional vulnerability together with stress from life experiences. | |Personality Factors |Personality factors...
Words: 502 - Pages: 3
...experiments with alternative ways of construing and behaving that may produce personal growth. Personal construct psychology has become associated with theories of constructivism, which emphasize that people know the world indirectly through constructed understandings. Radical constructivism views the person as a closed system, one in which a person’s internal psychological structure determines experiential reality. One’s structure is only sensitive to specific kinds of stimulation from the external world. People do not experience the world as it is, but rather experience it only in the ways their internal structure allows. On the other hand, social constructionism deemphasizes individual knowledge construction and instead stresses that human understandings spring from ongoing relationships. Through discussion and interaction with each other, people negotiate and reach consensus about what is real and true. Discourses, defined as ways of talking about reality, shape human experience. As people use discourses in novel ways over time, shared constructions of reality evolve. Whether individually or socially focused, constructivist theories stress human involvement in knowledge construction, maintaining that people can only know the world indirectly via their constructions. SEE ALSO Constructivism; Personality; Psychoanalytic Theory;...
Words: 3186 - Pages: 13
...Dissociation Disorder Rebecca Lynn England General Psychology; Valley College Abstract An exploration of Dissociative Disorder including an overview of debates, disorder description, causes, and treatment. Hundreds of studies have been performed concerning this subject. There are countless theories and allegations concerning multiple personalities, even dating back to the days of the witch hunts. Initial symptoms generally begin in childhood. By adulthood, a person has usually forgotten the actual abuse or trauma that caused the psychological disorder, but are left with a myriad of manifestations of abnormal behaviors throughout life. Memories that begin to reemerge later in life are caused by what is called triggers. In depth testing must be undergone to determine if a person actually has this condition. Once diagnosed, treatment is extensive, lasting over many years. Realistically, the person may never completely function normally. Keywords: Dissociative Disorder, multiple personalities, alter personalities, psychological conditions, treatment, abuse, trauma, switching, post-traumatic stress disorder Living Beyond Oneself: The Reality of Dissociation Disorder The Creation of an Alter Person Dissociative Disorder is part of a series of conditions called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, “a condition of reoccurring persistent mental and emotional stress as a result of injury or severe psychological shock.” (NLM) Originally known as “multiple personality disorder,” it is...
Words: 2704 - Pages: 11
...TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER Antisocial Personality Disorder: Also referred to as sociopathy or psychopathy interventions for people with antisocial personality disorder are poorly researched and direct evidence on the treatment of this population is scarce (British Psychological Society; 2010). it is also hard to assess how effective the available treatments are in dealing with APD’s symptoms. Antisocial personality disorder is one of the most difficult personality disorders to treat. People with the disorder rarely seek treatment on their own. Treatment is usually by force for eg. when required to by a court, the threat of termination of employment, impending divorce etc. (Grossmann, 2004 pg. 182). Treatment Even when diagnosed it can be difficult to treat the disorder. This is largely because by definition people with the disorder do not care that they are causing pains and problems, “they are possessed of an absent or defective conscience, restraints must usually be provided by external forces” (Grossman et al. 2004 pg. 182). Incarceration/criminal justice system: Sometimes hospitalization in a mental facility or incarceration during the most active criminal periods in a prison facility are necessary treatment steps. The majority of individuals receiving interventions for APD and associated problems will be in the criminal justice system – with the intervention provided by the probation or prison services. The aim being to reduce the offending...
Words: 1183 - Pages: 5
...Theories on Crime Comparison Frank Canini AJS/542 Criminological Theory Angela Dudley April 13, 2015 Many experts will argue that behavior and personality traits contribute to criminal behavior. Theories exist that provide sufficient evidence of these arguments, leading criminal justice professionals to seek alternative methods to preventing crime other than implementing harsh prison sentences. As we begin to understand the relationship between personality and criminal behavior, we begin developing rehabilitation programs intended to treat the underlying psychological issues that motivate people to commit certain crimes. By rehabilitating these individuals without incarceration, we can help keep prison populations down while benefitting society by allowing rehabilitated criminals to integrate back into their communities. Theories exist that can provide evidence linking behavioral traits to criminal behavior. Experts believe there biological, sociobiological, and psychological traits that contribute to the criminal behavior of an individual. Studies show that even all three traits combine to create a cocktail that leads to dishonest and unethical acts that can be defined as crime. As we examine these behavioral traits our focus will be on the psychological aspects of criminal behavior. Psychological behavior can be classified as conduct disorder that is usually identified in early childhood. These psychological disorders act as a precursor to possible criminal...
Words: 1239 - Pages: 5
...Chapter 2 1. What is “psychological health”? Identify and describe the four dimensions of psychological health. Psychological health is the mental, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of health. It is the result of a complex interaction between a person’s history and thoughts about and interpretations of the past and what it meant to the present. Psychologically healthy people are emotionally, mentally, socially, intellectually, and spiritually resilient. The four dimensions are mental, emotional, social and spiritual health. Mental health is the thinking part of psychological health including your values, attitudes, and beliefs. Emotional health is the feeling part of psychological health including emotional reactions to life. Social health is the aspect of psychological health that includes intersections with others, ability to use social support, and ability to adapt to various situations. Lastly, Spiritual health is the aspect of psychosocial health that relates to having a sense of meaning and purpose to one’s life, as well as a feeling of connection with others and with nature. Resilient 충격에 견디어 내는 2. In chapter 2, the author identifies 8 basic elements shared by psychologically healthy people. Identify and briefly describe 4 of these basic elements. 8 basic elements: feeling good about themselves, feeling comfortable with other people, controlling tension and anxiety, meeting the demands of life, curbing hate and guilt, maintaining a positive...
Words: 1270 - Pages: 6
...basis. I have learned many theories upon theories and the amount of research that the psychologists study that goes into the theories. I believe that my favorite chapter under study during this course would have been chapter thirteen which covers psychological disorders. Over the years I have been fascinated with psychological disorders and what makes people have the disorders, what causes them, and is there anything that society can do to help these people. When reading chapter thirteen they talk about the most popular disorders that are out there. The most common ones are anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, dissociative disorders, mood disorders and schizophrenic disorders. Before taking this class, I had no knowledge on psychological disorders; I just knew that they existed. I was taught the difference between them all. The first one being anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorder is when you have “high levels of anxiety that is not tied to any specific threat.” I think that there are many more people out there with this disorder and may not even know it. Anxiety is a very common thing and most persons in society get it but may perhaps think it is not severe or it is normal. In the book it says that people with anxiety disorder “worry about minor matters related to family, finances, work and personal illness. This is the reason why I think many people have this disorder and may not know it because all of the things that this person with this disorder cares about are things that...
Words: 1245 - Pages: 5
