...ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY | PUBLIC MANAGEMENT | | | | 25/05/2012 | | | Sommaire INTRODUCTION 2 I. DEFINITION OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT 4 II. PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 4 III. THE PUBLIC MANAGEMENT MODEL 6 IV. PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND GOVERNANCE 8 V. PRINCIPLES THEORIES OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT 9 Public Choice Theory 10 Transaction Cost Economics 11 Principal–Agent Theory 11 Microeconomic Theory 12 The New Economic Sociology 13 VI. PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AS CRAFT 14 VII. PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AS STRUCTURE 16 VIII. PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AS INSTITUTION 17 IX. NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES 21 CONCLUSION 24 INTRODUCTION Public management is the subject of a rapidly growing literature that is international in scope a multifarious in content. The common sense of public management is relatively straightforward. Good public managers, whatever their particular positions or responsibilities, are men and women with the temperament and skills to organize, motivate, and direct the actions of others in and out of government toward the creation and achievement of goals that warrant the use of public authority. Few public laws and policies are self-executing, and, in their formulation, all might benefit from managerial insight and experience. Under virtually any political philosophy or regime, then, the achievement of good government requires the responsible and competent use of public authority by a government’s...
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...The Australian Journal of Public Administration, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 353–366 doi:10.1111/j.1467-8500.2007.00545.x RESEARCH AND EVALUATION From New Public Management to Public Value: Paradigmatic Change and Managerial Implications Janine O’Flynn The Australian National University Both practitioners and scholars are increasingly interested in the idea of public value as a way of understanding government activity, informing policy-making and constructing service delivery. In part this represents a response to the concerns about ‘new public management’, but it also provides an interesting way of viewing what public sector organisations and public managers actually do. The purpose of this article is to examine this emerging approach by reviewing new public management and contrasting this with a public value paradigm. This provides the basis for a conceptual discussion of differences in approach, but also for pointing to some practical implications for both public sector management and public sector managers. Key words: new public management, public value, role of managers Public sector reform has been a common experience across the world despite its different forms and foci (Pollitt and Bouckaert 2004). Commonly as scholars and practitioners we refer to the reforms of the last few decades as ‘new public management’ (NPM) which, for Hood (1991), represented a paradigmatic break from the traditional model of public administration. During this era several countries became...
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...Public Health Management Abstract Many low-income countries need to significantly scale up coverage of priority health services. This will generally require additional national and international resources, but better leadership and management are key to using these resources effectively to achieve measurable results. Good leadership and management are about providing direction to, and gaining commitment from, partners and staff, facilitating change and achieving better health services through efficient, creative and responsible deployment of people and other resources. While leaders set the strategic vision and mobilize the efforts towards its realization, good managers ensure effective organization and utilization of resources to achieve results and meet the aims. Public health management is really needed in Africa. For active and resourceful nursing management in Africa, competencies are vital. It is important to know the expertise of the managers on these competencies. It is also important to know if there is a gap between what managers think they know and what they really know in regards to skills. The role of public health for case management is to upkeep early identification of possible circumstances and persons under investigation (PUI) via investigation, mapping communication, awareness activities to healthcare workers and the public. Public health experts can also partake in updating the channeling of PUIs’ likely plus confirmed cases to health care facilities...
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...GROWTH OF GOCCs RA 10149 – otherwise known as the Governance Act of 2011 An act to promote financial viability and fiscal discipline in government-owned or controlled corporations and to strengthen the role of the state in its governance and management to make them more responsive to the needs of public interest and for other purposes. This act is part of the present administration’s drive to minimize graft and corruption in the government service. It created the Governance Commission for Government Owned or Controlled Corporations (GCG) as central advisory, monitoring and oversight body with authority to formulate, implement and coordinate policies concerning GOCC’s and other related corporations. SALIENT FEATURES OF RA 10149 1. Performance Review - Creation of Governance Commission for GOCCs which shall be composed of five members – the chairman with the rank of Cabinet Secretary and two members with the rank of Undersecretary appointed by the President; and the Budget and Finance Secretaries as ex-officio members. The GCG will review the performance of GOCCs. 2. Restitution and Prosecution of Corrupt Public Officers – any board member or officer found to have benefited from the GOCC excess benefit or profit shall be subject to restitution without prejudice to any administrative, civil or criminal case. 3. Salaries and benefits are rationalized – Rationalization of salaries and benefits of officials and employees of government-owned and controlled-corporations...
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...THE EMERGENCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT. MINI LITERTURE REVIEW CONTENT: 1) INTRODUCTION 2) PROBLEM STATEMENT 3) REVIEW OF ACADEMIC LITERTURE 4) CONCLUSION 5) REFERENCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY Introduction Public sector management, was introduced in the UK during the era of Margaret Thatcher and in the US during President Ronald Regan’s term of office (1970s and 1980s). This transformation in the management of the public sector was adopted by many countries as a strategy for government as a means to solve problems that was existing in the delivery of public goods and services. The rigid, hierarchical, bureaucratize form of public administration was changed to a flexible, market-based form of public management. This is considered as a "paradigm shift" from the traditional public administration approach, which was dominant in the public sector for most of the century. The traditional approach was severely criticized. This literature review seeks to show the emergence of public sector management and its importance in the delivery of public goods and services. Public administration is no longer efficient and effective and as such, Public sector management is a good strategy in increasing efficiency and reduce costs in the public sector. . Problem Statement There were a number of problems leading up to the emergence of public sector management. There were newer theories of organizational structure and behavior, which argued that...
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...title: Public Management (V502) Final Exam (Fall 2015) Student: Giang Le. Email: gle@indiana.edu Professor: Claudia N. Avellaneda. Email: cavellan@indiana.edu “The world in which public managers function is rapidly changing and vastly different from that contemplated by the early intellectual stalwarts of public administration. Public agencies are expected to collaborate with each other, with nonprofit organizations and with citizen groups and to use modern technology strategically to manage and deliver services. They are under powerful pressures to use resources efficiently as markets and quasi-markets influenced by global forces play a much greater role in structuring service delivery” (L.R Jones et al 2001). Therefore, understanding public management, its affecting factors as well performance management is extremely important public managers in term of managing public organization and delivering best public services to citizenry. My essay will summarize some definition from different scholars and describing factors that affecting to the public management and/or performance of organization in the first part. The second part will be continued by providing definition of performance management and the measures that can be used by public managers and auditing agencies to assess performance of organization. I. Public management and affecting factors 1. Definition of public management The definition of public management are varied by authors. While management typically...
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...professional courses. It is also currently offering Post Graduate programmes and as well work study for needy students. The university is strategically placed in the city with ability to the access of the HELB loan facility and as well flexible learning programmes to accommodate the interested working class students. Furthermore, it is still offering the retired people a special mature entry programme to an opportunity to study theology and leadership. With the qualified and experienced staff, St. Paul’s is without doubt the best college committed to provision of quality, relevant and affordable university education for the market place. It is with the understanding of how the university is growing and its commitment to quality that good public relations ventures are highly needed to enhance the existing image or craft and strive to maintain a new positive image. As Garry Melanson (2003) put it, the main goal of a PR department is to enhance company’s reputation. This will be obligation or responsibility to ensure that the university is advancing in line with its objective of positioning itself as a competitive educational institution of higher learning in the continent of Africa. The education paradigm,...
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...Public Opinion and Reputation Management Kevin Jackson University of Phoenix MKT/578 November 11, 2012 Sandra Payne Public Opinion and Reputation Management Every company, organization, or governmental entity must be able to communicate to its publics in a clear and consistent honest manner. This includes press releases to the public. According to Seitel (2011) (p. 47), communication has four goals, which are; to inform, to persuade, to motive, and to build understanding. Whatever, the ethical and legal nature of the problem a company, organization, or governmental agency is facing, what is communicated to the public can determine how public opinion is influence. Public opinion is defined as a representation of a consensus. This consensus derives from many individuals opinion, beginning with people’s attitudes toward the issue in question (Seitel, 2012). Depending on what the ethical and legal nature of the problem a company, such as Paula Deen Enterprise is facing can influence public opinion positive or negative. It is the public relations professional job to sway public opinion in a favorable light and properly manage the client’s reputation. Paula Deen Enterprise Ethical Issue Paula Deen’s ethical issues started after a lawsuit from a former employee surfaced in the media. The lawsuit alleged that the Paula Deen used racist language referring to Afro-American’s as “niggers,” and her brother engaged in sexual harassment at one of her...
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...http://www.nokia.com/about-nokia. General Function Manage the internal and external communications function in Vietnam based in Ho Chi Minh. Co-ordinate and implement all communications activities in country. Reports directly to General Manager, Sales & Marketing, Head of Communications, APAC. Main Responsibility Areas Creates communications plan for the country, key messages, positioning materials, collaterals & media events and executes the plan. Advisor to Nokia Vietnam’s management in topics that have an impact on Nokia’s reputation Creates local materials for locally relevant media activities Localises and distributes international media releases, materials Support in Nokia’s key stakeholder relations (operators, customers, partners, developers, industry associations) Media Relations Develop and implement the full media relations strategy for Nokia in Vietnam Develop and be responsible for all aspects of media coverage. Manage the perceptions of the business by the media and public Acts the spokesperson for Nokia Organise interviews for other approved Nokia spokespeople. Foster strong useful relationships with key media contacts. Select, invite and host media on to Nokia overseas events. Proactively build and maintain media/blogger...
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...Table of Contents Executive summary 1 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Situation Analysis 2.1 The Ribena Story 3 2.2 Problems of Ribena 2.2.1 Vitamin C Controversy 3 2.2.2 Sugar Scandal 3 2.2.3 Analysis by Observation 4 2.3 Opportunities of Ribena 4 3.0 Goals and Objectives 5 4.0 Key Target Publics 6 5.0 Strategy and Tactics 7 6.0 Budget and Evaluation 8 7.0 Reference List 1.0 Introduction Ribena was invented by Dr Vernon Charley in 1930s. He was researching using pure fruit juices for milkshakes and then he named it ribes nigrum; which means blackcurrant in Latin (Naete 2013). In 2004, two students from Pakuranga College in Auckland, New Zealand conducted a research and experiment to find out the vitamin C levels of Ribena. The advertising said that Ribena contained four times the vitamin C of oranges. However, the levels of vitamin C were much lower at 22mg/100mL compared to other products (The Guardian 2009). It was a controversy that Ribena was intentionally misleading. The report...
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...Topic: Guidelines for public debt management Background of research Public debt is an obligation of the government and is also sometimes referred to as government debt. Public debt management is the process of establishing and executing a strategy for managing a governments' debt in order to raise the required amount of funding, achieve its risk and cost objectives and to meet any other debt management goals that a government may have set, such as developing and maintaining an efficient market for government securities. Effective public debt management is the cornerstone of financial stability and sustainable fiscal policy. A government’s debt portfolio is often the largest in the country and can generate substantial risk to its balance sheet, with potential to undermine key development objectives. Statement of the problem The guidelines are designed to assist policymakers in considering reforms to strengthen the quality of their public debt management and reduce their country’s vulnerability to international financial shocks. The main objective of public debt management is to ensure that the government’s financing needs and its payment obligations are met at the lowest possible cost over the medium to long run, consistent with a prudent degree of risk. The risk inherent in the structure of the government’s debt should be carefully monitored and evaluated. In order to help guide borrowing decisions and reduce the government’s risk, debt managers should consider the financial...
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...cost effective time management they must apply project time management. A subset of project management that includes the processes required to ensure timely completion of the project. It consists of activity definition, activity sequencing, activity duration estimating, schedule development and schedule control Project time management with PMBOK consists of six main processes. The first of these processes is in the definition of activities and action items. Project managers must identify the tasks to be undertaken during the project life cycle. Without the definition of activities and action items, there is nothing to schedule. Methods used to define activities during this process include decomposition and utilization of templates. Decomposition is a breakdown of milestones into action items. The templates may come from previous activities or previous projects. The second process in time management is the sequencing of activities. This process involves the mapping of task dependencies. To do this, project managers will require preceding documents. Tools for this activity include the precedence diagramming method, the arrow diagramming method and other methods for diagramming dependencies. The output for this process is the network diagram. PROJECT COST MANAGEMENT The municipality must have a value for money to make sure that the use the tax payer’s money as effective and sustainable as possible, the municipality will have to apply project cost management so to be able to control...
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...Risk Management Framework in Public Sector Organisation: A Case of Putrajaya Corporation Zarina Zakaria, PhD Department of Accounting Faculty of Business & Accountancy University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur zarinaz@um.edu.my Zamzulaila Zakaria, PhD Department of Accounting Kulliyah of Economics and Finance International Islamic University 56000 Kuala Lumpur zlaila@iium.edu.my ABSTRACT This case describes the risk management framework in Putrajaya Corporation, a public sector organisation in Malaysia. Whilst risk management is prevalent in commercial organisations, such is not the case in Malaysian public sector. This case elaborates the policy and objective of risk management as well as provides a discussion on the various committees that steer risk management forward in PjC. The process involved is also provided and comparison is also made with the COSO framework. The exhibits provided in this case are used with permission straight from the organisation’s files, and all of the information in this case is factual, as obtained from field study performed which includes observation and interviews performed with the relevant actors. The case is appropriate for an internal audit class at an undergraduate level. BACKGROUND December 2011: Breathing a sigh of relief, Badlishah sat on the overstuffed sofa with the biggest grin on his face. “Give yourself a pat on your back, Bad. You worked hard for this.” said his inner voice. After a good two and a half...
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...looking outside the box. This is much the case when it comes to resource management. This paper will analyze the key factors to consider when developing a resource management plan for the public sector, specifically within the realms of community service, in the context of increased consumption of resources with no technological innovation or upgrades. Strategically managing resources, especially in this technology driven era, is a challenge many organizations face. There is a great demand for services (consumption) but less or, in best case scenarios, “flat” amounts of resources to addressing this rising demand. Meanwhile, organizations struggle to keep pace with the latest technological offerings in the market and must determine which of these technologies produces the most meaningful use, or return on its investment. Technological innovation for the sake of acquiring the newest, latest technology should be avoided. (Newell & Turner) But, what happens when increased consumption persists (or demand for resources) but no technological innovation occurs? More importantly, how does an organization in the public sector plan strategically for such a scenario and how can other sectors benefit from this knowledge? In the public sector, there are many regulatory compliance requirements and many non-regulatory compliance requirements such as financial responsibility, procurement standards, safety, public notification, and more. In Community Services for example, there are requirements...
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...multiple points in their careers, public relations (PR) practitioners are likely to face decisions that are ethical in nature. Such decisions reflect a range of ethical dilemmas between, for example, truth vs. loyalty, justice vs. mercy, short-term vs. long-term consequences, and the individual vs. the collective (Kidder 1995, p. 18; Stacks & Wright 1989, pp. 53-67). Public relations practitioners, by nature of their position and job responsibilities, are often in a crossroad of a range of competing interests. Often, the tension may be between the practitioner’s own values and the culture of the organization. In other cases, it may be a conflict between the practitioner’s professional code of ethics and organizational norms and expectations. In yet other circumstances, they may be faced with competing interests between the organization and its various publics. At the very least, practitioners will frequently confront contradictions between business demands for economic performance and public expectations for ethical conduct. Concerns over these competing responsibilities and the ethical dilemmas they produce for public relations are the subject of this essay. In it, a range of challenges faced by public relations practitioners related to issues of ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are explored. It is argued that CSR has, in many respects, altered the expectations and demands placed on the profession. As a profession, public relations have a long and contested...
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