...Public Policy Problems In The Environment Public policy is characterized by Webster's as "The fundamental strategy or set of arrangements structuring the establishment of open laws, particularly such arrangement not yet formally articulated." The United States Government has numerous approaches in the region of the nature. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was made in 1970 to help distinguish natural issues in our country, and to set approach on the best way to manage those issues. Yet, with so much cash used by the legislature to manage issues with the nature, it must be noted that issues still exist, even inside the organization that was intended to help in any case. Amid the presidential fight of the last decision, an issue emerged concerning the "vitality emergency" that was driving fuel and oil costs up all through our nation. VP Al Gore upheld President Clinton's belief system of sitting tight for the best possible administrative activities to pass through Congress, and when the circumstances justified, give some restricted arrivals of oil from the national oil hold. Applicant George W. Bramble, on the other had, favored boring in the administration ensured grounds of Alaska to discover future oil saves with the goal that America would never again be so subject to remote oil. The issue with Bush's arrangement, as per Gore, was that this could be obliterating to the earth of the barely populated Alaskan wild. Despite the political, legitimate or moral ramifications...
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...University SOC 320 Public Policy & Social Services Instructor: Bernie Colon February 18, 2014 Weekly Journal I’ve started this journal one week into this class, and became aware that sociology is a major undertaking, but so far it has been a great journey. Knowing my audience for this paper allows me to draw from my last 3 years of study, this in turn will allow me to qualify what I may have learned. Cultural Anthropology seems to be at the forefront of my thinking why? I will address this thesis at the end of this course. This journal will be with me for the next 5 weeks and like it or not I will reveal my thoughts and intuition concerning the given subject. Let’s get started. For your journal entry, you will explore aspects of your personal experience and/or beliefs regarding significant public policies and what you have learned in your readings. As you reflect, please address the following questions: What are the current major environmental issues? "The amount of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is already above the threshold that can potentially cause dangerous climate change. We are already at risk...It's not next year or next decade, it's now." Report from the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA): We are at the mercy of our environment and in my life time I have seen the environment destroyed. Sociology seems to be showing me another aspect in my comprehension of critical thinking. The environment became a legitimate policy issue in...
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...Public policy issues paper Public policy issues paper Deardre Morgan, Brad Hudgens, and David Lawson University of Phoenix BBSB0808/POL215 Douglas Bryant III, JD January 24, 2011 Public policy issue paper In Columbus, Georgia seem very little differences between federal, local, and state government during analyzing current and previous public policy issues. Within the state of Georgia, the public policy issue at hand is the growth of community from 190,000 million families and individuals to addition of 35,000 thousand, which involve three-decision maker such as problems, players, and polices for a massage increase. In fact, intergovernmental relationships depends on address various issues within the community bias on laws and regulations from the city charter and state constitution. These laws and regulations involves various individuals and lobbyist groups with influential in forming plans that require multiple decisions before finalizing the course of action based upon government, non-government, religionist, cultural both public and private sectors. Previous example of public issues lies with the Clinton administration as they sought out health care policies, which were ineffective bias upon inadequate alliances with other staff members within the Senate and the House of Representatives. Another example of health care ineffectiveness with current Obama administration by spending over trillions of dollars with both houses disagreeing...
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...Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Wolfers Professor of Political Science and Management School of Management Yale University A chapter for the “Process of Organizational Learning” section of the Handbook of Organizational Learning, ed. Meinolf Dierkes, A. Berthoin Antal, J. Child & I. Nonaka. Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming. DRAFT: Please do not cite without author’s permission. Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Yale University Political Organizations and Their Milieu Organizational learning derives most of its knowledge from research on organizations in the private sector, particularly from the study of the firm. Its rich interdisciplinary quality is reflected in the range of social sciences that have contributed to the field’s robust development. The contribution from political science, however, has been minimal (reasons are suggested in the chapter on ‘politics’ by LaPalombara in this volume). The mutual failure of political scientists to pay more systematic attention to organizational learning and of organizational learning specialists to extend their inquiries into the public/political sphere is unfortunate in at least three senses. First, a general theory...
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...Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Wolfers Professor of Political Science and Management School of Management Yale University A chapter for the “Process of Organizational Learning” section of the Handbook of Organizational Learning, ed. Meinolf Dierkes, A. Berthoin Antal, J. Child & I. Nonaka. Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming. DRAFT: Please do not cite without author’s permission. Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Yale University Political Organizations and Their Milieu Organizational learning derives most of its knowledge from research on organizations in the private sector, particularly from the study of the firm. Its rich interdisciplinary quality is reflected in the range of social sciences that have contributed to the field’s robust development. The contribution from political science, however, has been minimal (reasons are suggested in the chapter on ‘politics’ by LaPalombara in this volume). The mutual failure of political scientists to pay more systematic attention to organizational learning and of organizational learning specialists to extend their inquiries into the public/political sphere is unfortunate in at least three senses. First, a general theory of organizational learning is unlikely to emerge unless and until what is claimed to be...
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...contained in a known as public policy. In this vain, this essay is an attempt to define the term policy using examples from education. Furthermore, it will explain why it is necessary that each sphere of public life be enshrined in a public policy. The term Policy is not a precise term. Unfortunately, the term policy is something which takes different forms. There is push to designate policy as the ‘outputs’ of the political system, and in a lesser degree to define public policy as more or less like interdependent policies dealing with many different activities. Studies of public policy areas, on the centrally, have tended to focus on the evaluation of policy decisions in terms of specified values, that is, a rational rather than a political analysis. The magnitude of this problem can be recognized from the other definitions, which have been advanced by scholars in this field. To start with, Policy refers to those plans, positions and guidelines of government which influence decisions by government (e.g., policies in support of sustainable economic development or policies to enhance access to government services by persons with disabilities). In other words, policy is an action to achieve a goal (Bell & Stevenson, 2006). A policy establishes guidelines or direction for the City's actions with regard to one or more concerns, problems or opportunities. A policy can also be a general plan or approach to a specific need, problem or issue. This means that a policy is a general directive...
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...Journal of Business Strategy THE NESTLE BOYCOTT: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLANNING Rafael D. Pagan, Jr. Article information: To cite this document: Rafael D. Pagan, Jr., (1986),"THE NESTLE BOYCOTT: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLANNING", Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 6 Iss 4 pp. 12 - 18 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb039126 Downloaded on: 10 January 2015, At: 02:12 (PT) References: this document contains references to 0 other documents. To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 1761 times since 2006* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: Downloaded by UNIVERSITY OF HUDDERSFIELD At 02:12 10 January 2015 (PT) N. Craig Smith, (1987),"Consumer Boycotts and Consumer Sovereignty", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 21 Iss 5 pp. 7-19 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004694 N. Craig Smith, (1989),"Consumer Boycotts", Management Decision, Vol. 27 Iss 6 pp. - http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ EUM0000000000050 Edmund S. Muskie, Daniel J. Greenwald, (1986),"THE NESTLE INFANT FORMULA AUDIT COMMISSION AS A MODEL", Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 6 Iss 4 pp. 19-23 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb039127 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by 422267 [] For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose...
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...DEVELOPMENT STUDIES FACULTY OF PLANNING AND LAND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING Social policy primarily refers to guidelines, principles, legislation and activities that affect the living conditions conducive to human welfare. Social policy often deals with wicked problems. Social Policy is defined as actions that affect the well-being of members of a society through shaping the distribution of and access to goods and resources in that society It is sometimes referred as "public policy and practice in the areas of health care, human services, criminal justice, inequality, education, and labor. The term 'social policy' can also refer to policies which govern human behavior. In the United States, the term 'social policy' may be used to refer to abortion and the regulation of its practice, euthanasia, homosexuality, the rules surrounding issues of marriage, divorce, adoption, the legal status of recreational drugs, and the legal status of prostitution. Social policy aims to improve human welfare and to meet human needs for education, health, housing and social security. After Nkrumah’s era, successive governments, including military regimes tried to improve upon the social well-being of citizens in the nation. After 1996 the various governments instituted some social policies. The elaborations below highlight on the various social policies formulated by the various governments from 1969 to date. 1. Dr. K.A Busia (The Progress Party 1969-1972) The Progress...
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...Though there are flaws in laws and the number of Chinese immigrate to America increases, the actions government took early reflect on government’s ignorance of the serious issue. According to DiNitto and Johnson, policymaking involves a combination of processes, identify policy problems, formulate policy proposals, legitimize public policy, implement public policy and evaluate public policy. “Agenda setting” is the first critical step in the policy making process. If a problem wants to get on the agenda, it must catch policymakers’ attention, otherwise, government will not make policy to deal with it. Birthright citizenship has existed for a long time, and birth tourism remains “nonissue”. In other words, increasing illegal Chinese immigration...
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...3.1 Financing the Plan with Macroeconomic Balance Given the grim looking macroeconomic scenario which is further marred by global slowdown, it seems unlikely for India to be able to cut down its fiscal deficit by a whopping 2.2 % as being forecasted. Moreover high inflation, even higher interest rates makes the need for lowering the fiscal deficit even more difficult one to achieve. Measures taken to curb inflation have not borne fruits till now, and some policy implementation is required in this direction. The target figure of fiscal deficit is 4.6 % during 2011-12. It is further targeted to reach 4.1% and 3.5% in FY13 and FY14 respectively. These estimates are majorly based upon two factors * An optimistic growth in tax Revenues * A substantial decline in the subsidy expenditure. We would analyze the feasibility of the aforementioned assumptions and would argue the difficulties that lie ahead in the realization of the two factors. GOI has assumed a growth in tax collections of 18% with a real economic growth of 9%, which seems highly optimistic given the poor implementation of tax reforms and seemingly unstable global macroeconomic environment. Budget at a Glance Rs. Bn | 2009-2010 A | 2010-2011 BE | 2010-2011 RE | 2011-2012 BE | 1. Revenue Receipts | 5,728 | 6,822 | 7,838 | 7,899 | 2. Tax Revenue (net to Centre) | 4,565 | 5,341 | 5,637 | 6,645 | 3. Non-tax Revenue | 1,163 | 1,481 | 2,201 | 1,254 | 4. Capital Receipts $ | 4,517 | 4,265 |...
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...FEB 2011 Introduction Government plays a major role in the economy; government policies on the tax rates , and allowances ,levels and types of expenditure ,interest rates and credit availability ,public service provision ,pension installment and on many other issues have a major impact on the economy. So, with all this key roles its not unusual that mismanagement occurs courtesy of the government .and in a mixed economy like Kenya the government becomes the anarchist in all matters business. In Kenya the most outspoken mismanagement is seen in the embezzlement of public fund, so In this report we shall go further than just the obvious mistakes and craftiness of governments in general. How the government mismanages the economy. The government has policies in place that ensure easy control of the economy and sanity in the otherwise busy world of business. Although most of these measures are put in place to help the administrators to serve the people more effectively it end up doing the opposite. The most common of this is fiscal policy 1. Weak fiscal policy This is the name given to the government policies which seek to influence government revenue. Change in the fiscal policy influences the equilibrium level of the national income, which has great implications on output, employment and inflation. In most cases the VAT (value added tax) is the most abused of this and has a major problem for both the supplier and consumer when the government wants to increase its revenue...
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...Creating a Social Program By: Allyson Griffith Course: Hum/240 Instructor: Gabriela Simeonova Due Date: 8/10/2014 The proposal submitted will be to fund an agency that will help families struggling with addictions by a family member. The focus of the agency will be to help those with substance abuse within these families. Substance abuse is a social problem that not only affects the family members, but also affects the community because of employment, legal, and health problems that are a direct result of the alcohol or drug abuse. This ongoing social problem has no timeline for an end to the problem forever, but to diminish as many risks as possible. The causes and consequences as a result of substance abuse has many theories of why it happens to certain individuals, and what the most serious consequences are that affect the family of the substance abuser. This social problem of substance abuse does not have any one economic status, or race. Whenever an individual’s values are to the point that there is so much restriction, there may be a time when the worker is no longer looking at what is the benefit to the recipient but rather to how “things ought to be.” According to Chambers and Wedel (2005), “Sometimes it is difficult to disentangle value and knowledge statements. Ideology is built from value statements, and explanations and causal chains are built from sentences that describe what the case about one thing or another is.” As in, any agency or organization there will...
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...Social Problems Holly Regan HSM/240 January 17, 2014 Terra Harris Social Problems Some words may have alternate meanings, become more defined or even more complex within the context of human services. The definition of problem within the context of human services has a few specific meanings such as any specific thing, matter, person, or situation that is difficult to deal with, solve or overcome and a source of perplexity, distress or vexation. According to our text it states an example of the defined word and its proper use, which can and will vary according to the circumstances of the problem. An example could be by identifying drug abuse by noting the use, intentional exposure to, or ingestion of any illegal chemical substances used in a nonmedical way, (Chambers and Wedel, 2005). This also can be defined in another way people are more prone to hearing and can identify better with, addiction; the problem would be better known as addiction instead of using. The definition of policy within the context of human services is a program of actions adopted by the individual, government agency or organization or is based on the specific set of principles, a specific course of action or a selected method chosen from alternatives as a guide to determine present and future decisions along with a plan which embraces the general goals of acceptable policies and procedures. The example of proper use of policy involving a drug addict leads most often to a situation needing...
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...Policy Making and Policy Implementation Public policy refers to the actions taken by government — its decisions that are intended to solve problems and improve the quality of life for its citizens. At the federal level, public policies are enacted to regulate industry and business, to protect citizens at home and abroad, to aid state and city governments and people such as the poor through funding programs, and to encourage social goals. A policy established and carried out by the government goes through several stages from inception to conclusion. These are agenda building, formulation, adoption, implementation, evaluation, and termination. 1. Agenda building Before a policy can be created, a problem must exist that is called to the attention of the government. Illegal immigration, for example, has been going on for many years, but it was not until the 1990s that enough people considered it such a serious problem that it required increased government action. Another example is crime. American society tolerates a certain level of crime; however, when crime rises dramatically or is perceived to be rising dramatically, it becomes an issue for policymakers to address. Specific events can place a problem on the agenda. The flooding of a town near a river raises the question of whether homes should be allowed to be built in a floodplain. New legislation on combating terrorism (the USA Patriot Act, for example) was a response to the attacks...
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...Public Policy Everybody probably always wonder how rules, procedures, and practices are brought into the daily life of everyone in the United States. It all starts with public policy. Public policy is what governments decide. Policies aren’t the same as laws, but it is more a matter of how the laws are implemented. The public policy is formed in not that many steps or groups. “Policy is formulated with active involvement on the part of interest groups whose members do not seek election.” Also, the groups bring leaders and experts to define and discuss a problem and to reach a consensus on policies that address problems. You got those groups that will lobby on one particular issue and while others will research and train on the issues as that one group concentrates on one issue. There is a process that identifies the problem of the public policy. The four typical and main steps in public policy process is identifying a problem, formulating a policy, implementing the policy change, and evaluating the result. Each step is followed in order to make sure the process is done correctly. The first step is to outline the problem. After identifying and studying the problem, a new public policy may be formulated or developed. The next step would be once the new policy is an effect, then organizations and agencies will be responsible to carry out the policy. The final step is to evaluate, in which it is always ongoing. The person that is responsible for determining solutions for public...
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