...Pullman, Illinois was a business town on the borders of Chicago. It was created in 1880 by George Pullman, whom was the president of the only railroad sleeping car company. George Pullman showed his town as a flawless community that had everything from parks to shops and was filled with content, well paid workers. Each local was employed with the Pullman Company, which made railroad cars. By 1894 it was running its “first class” sleeping cars on almost every single one of the country's main railroads. Their incomes were taken from the bank that was also run by Pullman, and their rent, determined by Pullman, was taken automatically from their paychecks. The town and Pullmans business worked efficiently and productively for more than ten years....
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...The Pullman strike marked one of the most influential strikes in U.S. history. The conflict happened on May 11th, 1894 in the Pullman district located south of Chicago, Illinois. George Mortimer Pullman was the founder of the Pullman Palace Car Company. He revolutionized train travel by inventing the luxurious Pullman sleeping car. In addition, he founded the town of Pullman, a place for his workers to live. Those who worked for the company were required to live in Pullman. The town included thousands of homes, a church, bank, library, theatre, and parks for the families; however, Pullman wanted full control of the town. The workers must be charged to use the library and rent was taken out of their wages. They were also expected to follow...
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...Good luck. The Labor Movement in the Public Eye American public opinion during the late 1800s was marked by mistrust and uncertainty. It appeared to the American people that the labor unions were fighting for better working conditions one minute, and the next it appeared that they were leading a revolution against business and government. The Government took an anti-labor stance in response to the public outcry against labor-based extremism and violence. The Unions' contributions to society were often over-shadowed by the violence used to bring about necessary changes in the treatment of the common working American. The Unions used strikes to improve conditions that they felt were demeaning to the working class. These strikes were often peaceful, but sometimes they turned violent at Haymarket Square, Homestead, and with the Pullman Strike. This led the American pubic to believe that the Unions could not be trusted, and the public then supported government force to quell the Unions. (This and more on the below web-site) to help you with your project. During the late 1800s, the public and the government felt that the labor movement was becoming too violent. Both the public and the government...
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...Cheyenne Savoie April 11, 2013 HIST 203 The Pullman Strike The Pullman Strike started on May 11, 1894. It was a conflict that was going on all across the nation. It included the American Railroad Union (ARU) and other railroads that occurred in America at that time. Beginning in a town called Pullman Illinois, with over four thousand employees that worked for the Pullman Palace Car Company. The strike started because the employees were upset with their current changes in reducing their pay. George Pullman was the president of the Pullman Palace Car Company. He designed the passenger railroad car, which included comfortable seats as well as sleeping cars for people to travel. He also takes credit for creating the “model” community of Pullman, Illinois. In 1894 there was a depression that led to the Pullman Palace Car Company cutting wages to almost forty percent, and lay off tons of workers. As the workers got more and more angry as bad things kept happening in this depression, they decided to join the ARU and start a strike against George Pullman as he decided to not increase his wages. Throughout the strike there were two major newspapers that kept up with the recent gossip and incidents that were occurring. The Chicago Times supported the union, and the Chicago Tribune opposed the ARU boycott. During the time of the strike both newspapers differed in regards to the violence that was happening, while the Chicago Tribune was focusing on the violence of the...
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...achieved played a big role in his significance as an important figure during this time period. Since the railroads played a very major role during the Progressive Era and allowed America to expand, his very own railway union allowed more goods and people to be transported. Debs also helped form the Socialist Party of America, (now EUGENE DEBS AND THE PROGRESSIVE ERA 4 known as the Socialist Party), and was also a five-time nominee for president because of his major role of taking leadership. “Three years later a tentative combination was made with the faction of the Socialist Labor party that had seceded in 1899, and Debs, as the fusion candidate for president, polled 96,116 votes,” (“Eugene Victor Debs” 1936). After he had a falling out with Pullman and the Socialist Party, he was able to accomplishment many different boycotts and movements as well. Debs was also able to publish a book about prison conditions, which opened the eyes to many U.S. citizens to...
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...The Pullman and Homestead strikes both happened during the Gilded Age. It was a period of rapid industrialization, urbanization and economic changes following the American Civil War (Hamblin, PowerPoint). Both of these strikes represented an unstable period of time in American history. Originally, Mark Twain in 1873 described this period of time as the social reality of economic hardship and political corruption in an age of perceived wealth and excess (Hamblin, PowerPoint). The rich had power. Business owners were so involved that they would try many ways to make their company increase profits, such as reducing wages of all workers. The government acted as an oligarchy. When the factory owners wanted to stop strikes, they would ask the government...
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...Pros and Cons of Unions Today GB 541: Employment Law Unit 6: Research Paper Assignment (Final) June 12, 2014 Prof. K. Rauch Unions in America Currently, there is are over 60 unions representing over 14 million workers throughout the country. A labor union is defined as an organization intended to represent the collective interests of workers in negotiations with employers over wages, hours and working conditions. Labor unions are often industry-specific and tend to be more common in manufacturing, mining, construction, transportation and the public sector (Labor Unions, 2014). Congress enacted the National Labor Relations Act ("NLRA") in 1935 to protect the rights of employees and employers, to encourage collective bargaining, and to curtail certain private sector labor and management practices, which can harm the general welfare of workers, businesses and the U.S. economy (National Labor Relations Act, 2014). Labor union s are mostly associated with Democratic Party and supports them during election. When unions are powerful, they boost the incomes of not only their members but also of nonunion workers in their sector or region. Labor unions strive to improve the lives of all working families by bringing economic justice to the workplace and social justice to our nation. Also, it is important because most corporations focus on creating profits at the expense of employees. History Unions are very prevalent in the United States presently and has a long history...
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...1. Define subsidies and land grant colleges and explain their influence of the migration of settlers out West. Subsidies are grants given by a government to individuals or groups in form of tax reduction or cash. Land grant colleges were colleges established as a result of Morril Act. The act awarded federal land to states to fund the cost of building mechanical and agricultural colleges. Land grant colleges such as Iowa State University and Kansas State University, were set up to teach certain branches of learning that include mechanical arts and agriculture. 2. Two examples of where the federal government violated treaties as a result of continued settlement into the west and give the results of these conflicts During the nineteenth century the Native Americans were deprived much of their land and were forcefully removed from the west. The white authority failed to honor the treaties they had signed and made the natives vacate their own land. This resulted to relocation of a mass of people from the west. After the war the white authorities started treating the natives in a hostile manner. They claimed ownership of the Indian lands in the west by the terms of 1783 peace treaty. This resulted to relocation of the India from the west. 3. (a)Explain the use of the Dawes Severalty Act in trying to force natives to assimilate to the American culture. What were the unintended consequences? The Dawes Severalty Act provided for elimination of tribal ownership of land...
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...1. Define subsidies and land grant colleges and explain their influence of the migration of settlers out West. Subsidies are grants given by a government to individuals or groups in form of tax reduction or cash. Land grant colleges were colleges established as a result of Morril Act. The act awarded federal land to states to fund the cost of building mechanical and agricultural colleges. Land grant colleges such as Iowa State University and Kansas State University, were set up to teach certain branches of learning that include mechanical arts and agriculture. 2. Two examples of where the federal government violated treaties as a result of continued settlement into the west and give the results of these conflicts During the nineteenth century the Native Americans were deprived much of their land and were forcefully removed from the west. The white authority failed to honor the treaties they had signed and made the natives vacate their own land. This resulted to relocation of a mass of people from the west. After the war the white authorities started treating the natives in a hostile manner. They claimed ownership of the Indian lands in the west by the terms of 1783 peace treaty. This resulted to relocation of the India from the west. 3. (a)Explain the use of the Dawes Severalty Act in trying to force natives to assimilate to the American culture. What were the unintended consequences? The Dawes Severalty Act provided for elimination of tribal ownership of land...
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...Table of Contents Cover page ………………………………………………………………………………………..1 Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………………………2 Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………..……….3 Background ……………………………………..………………………………………………4-5 Concept Definitions ……………………………………………...…………………….…….…5-6 The creation of Unions……………………………………………………………….…………6-7 Pros and Cons of Union Membership…………………………………………..…………….....7-9 Today’s need for Unions ……………..…………………………………………………..…...9-10 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………………....10 References ……………………………………………………………………………………….11 Abstract This paper will examine whether or not there exist a current need for labor unions. ? During the 1700’s to early 1800’s, men, women, and children were treated to unbearable working conditions, low wages, and long hours. Over time the workers became fed up of the abuse and decide to unite and make changes. This change resulted in the creation of labor unions. Through, the creation and use of these unions, workers have enjoyed perks such as 40 hour work days, certain benefits and better working conditions. Over the years, the labor force has undergone multiple changes. Laws were enacted to protect employees and hold employers accountable for their abuse of personnel. With the creation and passing of the multiply employment laws, one must ask, does the need for unions still exist? Do they still serve a function or have they out served their purpose? ...
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...Thematic Essay Practice – Reform Movements US History/Napp Name: __________________ From the August 2004 New York States Regents/ U.S. History & Government THEMATIC ESSAY QUESTION Directions: Write a well-organized essay that includes an introduction, several paragraphs addressing the task below, and a conclusion. Theme: Reform Movements Task: Some suggestions you might wish to consider include the abolitionist movement, Populist movement, Progressive movement, women’s rights movement, civil rights movement, and the labor movement. Gathering the Facts: 1- The Abolitionist Movement • “The goal of the abolitionist movement was the immediate emancipation of all slaves and the end of racial discrimination and segregation. • Advocating for immediate emancipation distinguished abolitionists from more moderate anti-slavery advocates who argued for gradual emancipation, and from free-soil activists who sought to restrict slavery to existing areas and prevent its spread further west. • Radical abolitionism was partly fueled by the religious fervor of the Second Great Awakening, which prompted many people to advocate for emancipation on religious grounds. • Abolitionist ideas became increasingly prominent in Northern churches and politics beginning in the 1830s, which contributed to the regional animosity between North and South leading up to the...
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...Beverly, Rose A. His 221 010 August 27, 2011 Morris, Erin The cultural patterns of the Native American groups prior to European colonization. Even though Christopher Columbus claimed to have discovered the Americas in 1492, it was already inhabited some fifteen to twenty thousand years prior. The glaciers were reduced because of global warming and this gave the nomadic hunters access to the core of the North American continent. Amazingly, this contributed to their food supply abundantly and this produced a swift population growth. More changes became evident in the environment which included a new food source such as fish, nuts and berries. These Native Americans, known as Paleo-Indians, adjusted and propelled forward. Because they were exposed to a new food source they discovered how to cultivate certain plants. At this stage, the Agriculture Revolution was born and this significantly altered the Native American culture. With a more stable food source these Indians became docile and established. This also helped in establishing stable villages and eventually led to some type of government which included elders and leaders. The Eastern Woodland Cultures did not practice agriculture first and foremost but supplemented their food chain with hunting and fishing. They had settled in the northern region along the Atlantic coast. The Algonquian-speaking Natives resided from North Carolina to Main and spoke many different...
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...1 Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie CHAPTER I CHAPTER I CHAPTER II CHAPTER II CHAPTER III CHAPTER III CHAPTER IV CHAPTER IV CHAPTER V CHAPTER V CHAPTER VI CHAPTER VI CHAPTER VII CHAPTER VII CHAPTER VIII CHAPTER VIII CHAPTER IX CHAPTER IX CHAPTER X CHAPTER X CHAPTER XI CHAPTER XI CHAPTER XII CHAPTER XII CHAPTER XIII CHAPTER XIII CHAPTER XIV CHAPTER XIV CHAPTER XV Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie 2 CHAPTER XV CHAPTER XVI CHAPTER XVI CHAPTER XVII CHAPTER XVII CHAPTER XVIII CHAPTER XVIII CHAPTER XIX CHAPTER XIX CHAPTER XX CHAPTER XX CHAPTER XXI CHAPTER XXI CHAPTER XXII CHAPTER XXII CHAPTER XXIII CHAPTER XXIII CHAPTER XXIV CHAPTER XXIV CHAPTER XXV CHAPTER XXV CHAPTER XXVI CHAPTER XXVI CHAPTER XXVII CHAPTER XXVII CHAPTER XXVIII CHAPTER XXVIII CHAPTER XXIX CHAPTER XXIX Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie Project Gutenberg's Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie, by Andrew Carnegie This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie Author: Andrew Carnegie Editor: John C. Van Dyke Release Date: March 13, 2006 [EBook #17976] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF ANDREW CARNEGIE Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie ...
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...Critique of Nonviolent Politics From Mahatma Gandhi to the Anti-Nuclear Movement by Howard Ryan (howard@netwood.net) Preface 2 Part I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Problems of Nonviolent Theory Nonviolent Philosophy 6 Moral View: Violence Itself Is Wrong 9 Practical View: Violence Begets Violence 13 Nonviolent Theory of Power 21 Voluntary Suffering 24 Common Nonviolent Arguments 34 A Class Perspective 49 Part II 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Gandhi: A Critical History Father of Nonviolence 56 Satyagraha in South Africa 59 Textile Strike 66 Noncooperation Movement 1919-22 70 Religious Conflicts 80 Salt Satyagraha 87 Congress Ministries 97 The War Years 101 Independence and Bloodshed 111 Part III 17 18 19 20 Nonviolence in the Anti-Nuclear Movement Nonviolent Direct Action 120 Consensus Decision Making 123 Open, Friendly, and Respectful 136 Civil Disobedience 142 Epilogue 151 Notes 154 ©2002 by Howard Ryan. All rights reserved. Readers have my permission to use and distribute for non-profit and educational purposes. Critique of Nonviolent Politics 2 Preface (2002) Critique of Nonviolent Politics may be the only comprehensive critique of nonviolent theory that has been written. I wrote it between 1980 and 1984, while living in Berkeley, California. Since 1977, I had been active in the movement against nuclear power and weapons which, in California, focused its protests at the Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant near San Luis Obispo, and at the University of California's Lawrence Livermore Labs where...
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...MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY KOTTAYAM REGULATION 1. COURSE OBJECTIVES The MG University MBA program is designed with the following objectives: 1. To develop young men and women in to professional managers to manage all sectors of the organized economic activity. 2. To equip the youngsters with conceptual and interpersonal skills and social purpose for managerial decision-making and its execution in real situations. 3. To develop and encourage the entrepreneurial capabilities of young generation to make them effective change agents. 4. To meet the demand for trained and professional people in the country at the top level management of business and industrial organizations in the light of the new economic and industrial policy of the country. 2. COURSE DURATION The MBA (Full Time) programme of Mahatma Gandhi University shall be spread in two years duration with 4 Semesters. Each semester shall comprise of a minimum of 16 instructional weeks of 5 days each of 5 hours a day (total contact hours 400). Continuous Internal Evaluation during the course period and University examination at the end of each semester shall be conducted. There shall be a semester break of 15 days each in addition to the usual Onam, Christmas and summer holidays. 3. ELIGIBILTY FOR ADMISSION 1. A pass in any Bachelor’s Degree Examination of Mahatma Gandhi University or an equivalent degree of any other universities duly recognized by M.G.University with not less than 50% marks in the aggregate for all parts of...
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