...Running head: LIN ARTICLE CRITIQUE 1 Article Critique Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Anger, Mood, and Vulnerability to Substance Abuse Among Inpatient Substance-Dependent Clients Liberty University March 31, 2013 LIN ARTICLE CRITIQUE 2 Introduction In the article Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Anger, Mood and Vulnerability to Substance Use Among Inpatient Substance-Dependent Clients (Lin 2004) the researchers wanted to test Forgiveness Therapy (FT) as a tool for treating clients dealing with substance abuse related to negative emotional overload. They focused on anxiety, depression and anger which, according to Lin, are triggers for substance abuse (2004, pg. 1114). They set out to talk and interview forty three potential participants who were recommended by their counselors from a residential drug rehabilitation center. This population was chosen due to the rigid course of treatment they were already receiving from the treatment facility in response to the personal calamity being experiences by the client. These were the most severe cases since they usually experienced repeated relapses, petty crimes and a lower motivation for change. While conducting the research what they found was not really surprising but rather normal for this group of clients. The participation started to fall off and by the end of the research they had fallen to less than half of the original commitment...
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...Running head: LIN ARTICLE CRITIQUE 1 Article Critique Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Anger, Mood, and Vulnerability to Substance Abuse Among Inpatient Substance-Dependent Clients Liberty University C. Campbell March 31, 2013 LIN ARTICLE CRITIQUE 2 Introduction In the article Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Anger, Mood and Vulnerability to Substance Use Among Inpatient Substance-Dependent Clients (Lin 2004) the researchers wanted to test Forgiveness Therapy (FT) as a tool for treating clients dealing with substance abuse related to negative emotional overload. They focused on anxiety, depression and anger which, according to Lin, are triggers for substance abuse (2004, pg. 1114). They set out to talk and interview forty three potential participants who were recommended by their counselors from a residential drug rehabilitation center. This population was chosen due to the rigid course of treatment they were already receiving from the treatment facility in response to the personal calamity being experiences by the client. These were the most severe cases since they usually experienced repeated relapses, petty crimes and a lower motivation for change. While conducting the research what they found was not really surprising but rather normal for this group of clients. The participation started to fall off and by the end of the research they had fallen to less than half of the original...
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...Vulnerability to Substance use among Inpatient Substance-dependent Clients, and critic population of the study vs. population of interest, Operationalization aspects, Evaluation of DV measurement, and Evaluation of DV measurement. Lin, Wei-Fen. Mack, D, Enright, R, Krahn Dean, &Thomas Baskin (2004), states that the level of anger and violence observed among alcohol and substance abusers are far higher than the levels found in the general population, and coping skills have been implemented in many substance abuse programs to teach patients how to become aware of their anger and also manage their emotions effectively. Many researchers have directed their focus on Forgiveness Therapy (FT) as an alternative option to any other treatment for patients to overcome their emotional bondage, which leads them to misuse alcohol and dependency to controlled substances. The hypothesis in this study is that Forgiveness Therapy decreases the frequency and severity of anger, anxiety, and depression, and patients in residential treatment for alcohol and drug dependency have demonstrated less anger and urge towards drug use after receiving this treatment. Critic of Population of the Study This study, which took place in a residential drug rehabilitation facility, targeted the effects of Forgiveness Therapy in decreasing the frequency and severity of anger, anxiety, and depression in the recovery of substance-dependent patient. The hypotheses was that the individuals in residential treatment facilities...
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...Abstract Studies, research, and conclusions on the effectiveness of substance abuse treatment programs are numerous. However, there does not appear to be a single answer or even a manageable set of solutions for how to effectively and efficiently treat those suffering the ill effects of substance abuse. This paper aims to make the case that the most effective way to deal with this problem is to attack it at the source, by trying to eliminate, or at the very least disrupt, the supply of illicit drugs available for purchase and consumption. The attempt to make this case is done by pointing out the mixed results of previous substance abuse treatment programs and by using systems theory to explain why the complexity of treatment options makes it difficult to accurately evaluate such programs. The Economic Impact on Substance Abuse The effect of substance abuse on the United States economy is astronomical. Consider that in 2004, almost a tenth of the nation’s population ages 12 and older were classified with substance abuse or dependence disorders (Morgan & Crane, 2010). The issue is so complex, in fact, it is nearly impossible to put an accurate price tag on the impact. If one focuses solely on the economic impact of this epidemic, one would have to calculate numerous costs. People who abuse and are addicted to illicit drugs spend hundreds and thousands of dollars to feed their habit, which is money that could be spent in more productive ways. Substance abusers often...
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...Substance Abuse Counselor Profession Freda Davis Winston Salem State University Substance Abuse as defined by DuPont (1997) is as follows” drug addiction or alcoholism and other times referred to more generally as chemical dependency” (The Selfish Brain Learning from Addiction, p. xix). Substance abuse has been identified as a meaningful social problem. The extent of substance abuse and its consequences demand ways to seek effective ways of intervention, prevention, and treatment for individuals, along with monitoring the cost to society as associated with alcohol, drugs, and perhaps other drugs. Although the use of drugs is down from the mid-1980s, it is a problem for society today (Johnston, O’Malley, Bachman, & Schulenberg, 2006), (Journal of Social Work Education, Vol. 45, No. 3 (Fall 2009). Abuse is not limited to mood, or mind altering substances, we live in a society where obsession, and compulsion are at the root of excessive indulging behaviors. We will briefly discuss addiction, and the description for which is given to assist in understanding what the counselor may encounter with-in their realm of practice. Increasingly addiction, a pleasure-producing or compulsive behavior that may occur from jogging, television watching, gambling, eating disorders, drugs, and alcohol abuse (DuPont, 1997). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (2000),” substance abuse is a maladaptive pattern of substance use related to...
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...With both parents struggling with drug abuse, Savannah was a victim and started using drugs at the age of ten. Consistently, she was taking pills, smoking marijuana, and drinking. Struggling with depression, bulimia, anorexia, and her parents’ physical and verbal abuse was demanding. In 2009, she ran away from home. At 15 years old, when the cops found her, her eyes were sunken in, her skin was black and blue and littered with cuts; she did not recognize herself. When Savannah entered the juvenile hall, sobriety began. At 18, she now works as a project coordinator for a drug recovery center (“True Story: Savannah”). Though Savannah's story ends well, this is not common for kids living with addicted parents. Ordinarily, kids from drug addicted parents do not end up in recovery, and often struggle with physical and psychological problems. Studies reveal, “25 percent of American kids grow up in households where substance abuse is present” (“Guide for Children of Addicted Parents”). Therefore, substance abuse affects children in numerous ways, including impacts of drug addiction, abusive parents, and involvement in rehabilitation programs. Similarly, substance abuse affects...
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...Justice Policy I N S T I T U T E Treatment or Incarceration? Treatment or Incarceration? National and State Findings on the Efficacy and Cost Savings of Drug Treatment Versus Imprisonment by Doug McVay, Vincent Schiraldi, and Jason Ziedenberg January 2004 Justice Policy Institute 4455 Connecticut Avenue NW Suite B-500 Washington, DC 20008 v 202.363.7847 f 202.363.8677 www.justicepolicy.org POLICY REPORT J u s t i c e P o l i c y I n s t i t u t e Table of Contents Introduction: The national and local problem of drug imprisonment 3 Methodology 4 Finding 1: Treatment can be less expensive than a term of imprisonment 5 Finding 2: Treatment can be cost effective 6 Finding 3: Treatment can reduce substance abuse and recidivism while building communities 9 Finding 4: Promising treatment models exist in Maryland and around the country 11 Maryland: Break The Cycle The Correctional Options Program (COP) Drug Courts: Maryland and the National Perspective California’s Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act (SACPA) 11 12 13 14 Conclusion: Drug treatment can be more effective than cycling people in and out of prison 18 Endnotes 20 About the Authors Treatment or Incarceration? was primarily authored by Doug McVay, former research director for Common Sense for Drug Policy, a non-profit dedicated to expanding...
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...Homeless Youth: Research, Intervention, and Policy by Karen Spuriel Coleman- MBA Abstract Homelessness among youth in the U.S. is disturbingly common, with an estimated annual prevalence of at least 5 percent for those ages 12 to 17. Although homeless youth appear throughout the nation, they are most visible in major cities. Rigorous research on this special population is sparse, making it difficult to capture an accurate and complete picture. Despite its limitations, recent research describes homeless youth as a large and diverse group. Many homeless youth have multiple overlapping problems including medical, substance abuse, and emotional and mental problems. Literature suggests that comprehensive and tailored services are needed that address both the immediate and long-term needs of homeless youth. Where appropriate, services should include assistance with meeting basic needs as perceived by youth as a gateway to other needed services. In addition to serving those already homeless, interventions are needed to prevent homelessness among at-risk youth. Lessons for Practitioners, Policy Makers, and Researchers • As used here, the term “homeless youth” focuses on minors who have experienced literal homelessness on their own—i.e., who have spent at least one night either in a shelter or "on the streets" without adult supervision. On occasion, where warranted by the research being discussed, the term is also used to describe homeless young adults up to age 24. • Homelessness...
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...02459, USA Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, USA Abstract: Outreach and engagement are regarded by many who work in homeless programs as essential services. Outreach on the streets and in shelters is often the first point of contact for people who are not served by traditional sitebased services and is often the first step in engaging homeless people in services. While outreach and engagement are critical components of the response to homelessness, consensus is lacking about the nature and effectiveness of these services. The purpose of this paper is to examine what is known about outreach and engagement for people experiencing homelessness. The authors review quantitative studies that examine outcomes and augment this understanding with information from qualitative studies and non-research literature. The latter provides information about the goals of outreach, assumptions and values, staffing issues, and consumer involvement. The paper concludes with implications for practice, policy, and research. Keywords: Homeless/homelessness, outreach, engagement, review. INTRODUCTION At a recent discussion among outreach workers in Washington, DC, one participant described the reasons for providing outreach to people experiencing homelessness: “Waiting for people to come to us didn’t work…so what we’re doing is going to where people are comfortable, to where they are right now, because that’s probably most effective.” This description...
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...Comparison Paper Stephanie Collins NUR 408 February 16, 2015 Michelle Hogsed Comparison Paper Although, public health and community health entities deal with many of the same issues, the terms cannot be used interchangeably. Research must be performed on the various levels of public and community health in order to understand these differences. This paper will discuss the research that was conducted on county, state and national public resources and discuss the differences that were noted. Public Health Resources There are many different public and community health resources and programs provided at the county, state and national levels. Nurses across all facets of the profession should be aware of what programs are available to them and their patients. This knowledge can help guide the nurse in providing appropriate resources and care to those who need them. County Public Health Resources The San Francisco Department of Public Health (SFDPH) has many different programs and services available to the residents of the county. Depending of the program sought by the individual, there are various services that meet financial, cultural and medical needs of the client. In order to qualify for these programs patients must meet certain criteria. For example, the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) is a nutritional program for women with children. WIC provides nutritional education in individual and group settings, breast feeding support and education, and financial support...
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...To know whether veterans participating in the Housing First program with the Housing and Urban Department-Veterans Affairs Supported Housing (HUD-VASH) receive housing services more rapidly and keep up long term housing stability, it must be compared to the Veterans in Treatment As Usual (TAU) approach to HUD-VASH. Connection to housing service programs is critical to veteran’s successful re-integration to society after deployment. This is exemplified by the success of Housing First (HF) and the different outcome of veterans who use similar program such as Treatment As Usual (TAU). The HUD-VASH program first started in 1992 as a teamwork effort between the Veterans Affair (VA) and the HUD. HUD provides housing to homeless veterans through a resident-based program named ‘Section 8 vouchers’, while the VA provides supportive services. ‘Section 8 vouchers’ are a housing subsidy where residents have rental housing and the HUD pays a portion of their rent. Among recent enacted programs in the HUD program, there is the Housing First (HF) program and Treatment As Usual (TAU) program (Tsai et al., 2013). Scope of the problem Looking at the individual’s problem, the lack of drug use intervention, substance abuse, mental illnesses,...
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...Catanduanes State University Laboratory Schools Virac, Catanduanes SY 2014-2015 Drug Addiction/Drug Usage Lyri Kirsten Anicken T. Gianan Grade 9 – Platinum Mr. Eddie Cabrera February 11, 2015 Report on the Enforcement of the Prohibition Laws of the United States by the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement (Wickersham Commission Report on Alcohol Prohibition) I have signed the report of the Commission, although as is probably inevitable when eleven people of different antecedents and temperaments endeavor to agree upon a contentious subject, it is more or less of a compromise of varying opinions. In so far as it states facts, I believe it to be generally accurate. Every effort has been made to make it so. I should have preferred to have it state more facts and fewer broad generalizations from unstated facts. But the difficulties in securing accurate statistics, owing to the unsystematic and unscientific manner in which they are commonly kept in this country, often makes it impossible to get reliable statements of fact, although there may be sufficient available information to afford a fairly reliable basis of generalization. I am in entire accord with the conclusions "that enforcement of the National Prohibition Act made a bad start which has affected enforcement ever since"; that "it was not until after the Senatorial investigation of 1926 had opened people's eyes to the extent of law breaking and corruption that serious efforts were made" to coordinate "the...
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...Running head: Juvenile Reentry Juvenile Reentry Making an Effective Transition Jodi Calvert Capella University PSF 5372 – History of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Abstract This paper explores the transformation of the Juvenile Justice System over the past century and how it impacts today’s youth. Juvenile delinquency has become a well-known phenomenon as youth have taken experimentation and violence to a new level. More adolescents are being diagnosed with medical disorders while many find themselves not having the means to access the proper treatment. Family and moral standards are not as they were a century ago and the economic strain of today can make it difficult for children to develop the necessary skills to transition through their developmental stages. Chaos, confusion and loss of identity play a significant role in many of the adolescents that find themselves in contact with the Juvenile Justice System. New interventions for these adolescents are greatly needed to improve not only their own well being, but to create a prosperous community. Juvenile Reentry Juveniles are released from institutions across the country everyday, but many do not have the knowledge required to make permanent changes for themselves, their families, and their communities. The first Juvenile Court in the United States was established in Cook County, Illinois in 1899 and within 25 years all but two states had established separate juvenile justice...
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...provided material, the text book or a very reputable source (i.e., a research based journal article, you may use the internet). (1) Discuss treatment myths relative to ATOD. There are a number of myths about alcohol and other drug abuse interventions that affect the prevention and treatment of the problem. These myths can be held by clients, the general public, and professionals. One myth is that one treatment program is suitable for all clients. This myth does not seem believable because we are all created differently and respond to situations differently. A myth that is challenged daily is that recovered counselors are much more effective in treating recovering clients than are counselors who personally have not experienced dependency. This can be proven wrong, because the effectiveness of treatment depends on the relationship between counselor and client. The most challenging myth of ATOD treatment is related to the fact that many users also have mental health issues. These users must be treated differently, because some of these users will not respond to any form of normal treatment, and must be handled with extreme care. The treatment of ATOD involves a vast amount of time, and patience. ATOD treatment must include each individual users problems, and ways to help each individual. Some users may respond well to certain treatments, while others will not respond at all. (2) Discuss initial procedures for a counselor at intake with a client, i.e., what kinds of things...
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...High-Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion Paper Corey Hollmann University of Phoenix NUR/542 6/30/2014 Danielle Patrick High-Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion-Suicidal Ideation Suicide and ideation to commit this final act, is a grave public health concern that is multifaceted and responsible for significant family risk. Suicide is a behavior that has worldwide resulted in nearly one million fatalities annually. Suicide is commonly an act driven by impulsivity and followed by thoughts of hopelessness and doom. In the United States, firearms, particularly handguns, are the most common means of suicide. Despite extreme notoriety, suicide and suicidal ideation remained stigmatized and hidden behind shadows of shame. Acts of deliberate self-harm and unsuccessful attempts remain largely underreported (Fleischmann et al., 2008; Freedenthal, 2007). Summary of Suicide Risk Health Profile The incidence of suicide has remained a significant health risk across multiple demographics, cultures, and sexes. In between the years 1999 and 2008, the suicide rate increased 10.5% and from 10.5 to 11.6 people per 100,000 population. Male's record rates that are four times greater than females while non-Hispanic whites recorded 14.1 suicides per 100,000 (National Vital Statistics System, 2008). Suicide is a behavior that exudes complexity that is characterized by methods to potentiate intentional termination of one's own life. The World Health Organization (WHO) has...
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