...REVERSE LOGISTICS DEFINATION: Flow of surplus or unwanted material, goods, or equipment back to the firm, through its logistics chain, for reuse, recycling, or disposal. In other words, reverse logistics is the management of any type of returns from any customer with a specific purpose. Products can be returned from any player within the supply chain or from the end-user for different reasons. Raw material, work-in-process or finished goods can be returned when there are surplus or leftovers during the customer’s production due to changes in manufacturing plan. Products maybe recalled for quality issues. Damaged product/package in delivery & unsold product can also incur returns. REASONS OF RESERVE LOGISTICS: The reasons for returning products can be distinguished by where the returns initiated. Listed below are the main return reasons for each supply chain partner. * Customer not satisfied: Most manufacturers and retailers allow customers to return products if they do not meet their demands within a predefined period. * Installation or usage problems: some customers experience problems with installation or usage of their recently acquired products. * Warranty claims: Defective products or parts can be sent back to retailers or the manufacturer for repair. Products might either be dead on arrival, not working according to specifications or cosmetically damaged. * Faulty order processing: Both end consumers and retailers can experience shipping...
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...FUELING SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH REVERSE LOGISTICS Renee Angelo LGMT 685 September 29, 2015 Table of Contents Executive Summary | 1 | Introduction | 2 | Sustainability in supply chain | 3 | Reverse Logistics | 4 | Defining Reverse Logistics | 4 | Returned product categories | 5 | Fueling sustainability through reverse logistics | 8 | Reverse logistics and the social component of sustainability | 8 | Reverse logistics and the environmental component of sustainability | 9 | Reverse logistics and the financial component of sustainability | 10 | Conclusions | 11 | References | 12 | Executive Summary The concept of reverse logistics is basically driven by wide range of aspects, most particularly in obtaining sustainability. Because of the fact that environmental awareness as well as numerous environment-related regulations has constantly put pressure on various companies, particularly manufacturers, in proper disposal of used products in a more environmentally responsible way, reverse logistics is now a mainstream concern for companies. This study argues that reverse logistics could fuel business sustainability. Based on the findings, reverse logistics play significant roles in achieving economic, social and environmental sustainability, which are the three basic components of sustainability in business perspective. Key evidences from literature supported the arguments. Introduction It is apparent that the capability of a company...
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...TOPIC: REVERSE LOGISTICS IN MANUFACTURING SECTOR ANKITA ASHOK BAJPAI (PRN 13020741013) SANDHYA GODAVARTHY (PRN 13020741044) SANKET MADAN PAUNIKAR (PRN 13020741045) SAUNAK GHOSE (PRN 13020741046) YOGESH KASAR (PRN 13020741062) An analysis of the factors affecting the dynamics of reverse logistics in the manufacturing sector: An interpretive structural modeling approach A. Bajpai, S. Ghose, S. Paunikar, S. Godavarthy, Y. Kasar Abstract: Reverse Logistics is increasingly becoming one of the most important and impacting factors, and a key challenge for any company/industry. To adapt to the current market scenario, and to gain competitive advantage over its competitors, a company needs to optimize its Reverse Logistics operations and try to reduce its cost to a minimum. There are many factors influencing the nature and cost of Reverse Logistics operations. In this paper we have chosen a few variables which influence the Reverse Logistics scenario, and tried to show the inter-relationship between them. 1. Introduction to the field of reverse logistics : Reverse Logistics (RL) refers to the operations involved in reprocessing and reusing the finished goods and materials. Reverse Logistics involves process oriented approach to plan and control the most efficient and cost efficient flow of raw materials, current inventory, finished goods, etc. to its point of origin from the point of consumption for its proper reuse or disposal. Reverse Logistics costs...
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...COLUMN Growing importance of reverse logistics Prof Samir K Srivastava Reverse logistics is the process of moving a product from the consumer to the manufacturer, or any other stage in the supply chain, for re-use or proper disposal. It has grown in importance due to many reasons. One of the most prominent reasons is the growing concern for the environment. Consumer demand for clean manufacturing and recycling is increasing, many times leading to legislation as well. Consumers expect to trade in an old product when they buy a new one. Cost is another reason. Research shows that reverse logistics may be a worthwhile proposition even in the contexts where regulatory and consumer pressures are insignificant. It is becoming vital as service management activities and take-back for products such as automobiles, refrigerators and other white goods, cellular handsets, apparels, lead-acid batteries, furniture, televisions, computer peripherals, personal computers, laptops, etc. are on the increase. Advancements in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and their utility in supporting related data collection, transmission and processing have given it further fillip. Aftermarkets, product recalls and collection of post-consumer goods by various supply chain stakeholders is gaining interest worldwide. Establishing a well-managed reverse logistics system can be a value-adding proposition for organisations and supply chains. It can not only...
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...Recycling journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/resconrec Full length article A carbon footprint based reverse logistics network design model Devika Kannan a,∗ , Ali Diabat b , Mahmoud Alrefaei c , Kannan Govindan d , Geng Yong e,∗ a Indian Institute of Industrial Engineering, Navi Mumbai, India Engineering Systems and Management, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates c Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Jordan University of Science and technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan d Department of Business and Economics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark e Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China b a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 2 March 2011 Received in revised form 12 March 2012 Accepted 12 March 2012 Keywords: Carbon footprint Reverse logistics Greenhouse emissions Case study a b s t r a c t Due to the environmental legislation and regulations, manufacturing firms have realized the importance of adopting environmental friendly supply chain management (SCM) practices. In this paper, a mixed integer linear model is developed for a carbon footprint based reverse logistics network design. The proposed model aims at minimizing climate change (specifically, the CO2 footprint), and it employs reverse logistics activities to recover used products, hence combining the location/transportation decision problem. The proposed...
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...Factors influencing Reverse Logistics: An Interpretive structure modelling approach S. Barma, S. Narkhade, S. Panda, S. Patwa, T. Mandal, Symbiosis Institute of Operations Management, Nashik, Maharastra, India. Abstract: In the present competitive world the supply chain network of an organization plays an important role in defining its competitive edge over the other. Companies with stronger supply chain have higher competitive edge. Reverse logistics plays an important role in strengthening the supply chain. The objective of this paper is to understand the various factors influencing the reverse logistics and develop relationship among these influencing factors. Interpretive structure modelling (ISM) is used to develop the relationship among these factors. ISM helps to identify the factors that are most influenced by other (dependent variable). Also the factor which supports the other factors (driving variable). Micmac analysis was done to classify these factors. 1. Introduction Reverse logistics is the process of moving things upstream in the supply chain. It requires the cost effective planning, implementing and controlling of the flow of goods for reuse, resale, remanufacturing, recycling or disposal. A firm gets involved into this practice to extract benefit from the process of for reuse, resale, remanufacturing, recycling or disposal. People concern with sustainable development has created opportunities for firms or organizations to market their `green' products...
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...Reverse logistics has the biggest amount of challenges to overcome as it was mentioned in table 2.7. This section with describe some options to overcome them. 1.1.1 Involvement of Many Players in the Recollection Activities and the Willingness to Return the Product The best way to define a relation among players is any business is through contracts. The contracts establish clear rules and guarantees that all the involved players know and play with the same rules. The most common contracts used in remanufacturing are: • Direct order: The customer and the supplier are the same player in this type of contract and is responsible for giving the order to remanufacture a product. The supplier/customer deliver the core and at the end receives the...
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...Reverse Logistics in Indian Automobile Industry Reverse Logistics is a process in which a product moves in reverse through the supply chain network. It may be used for the purpose of recapturing value of a final product or for even proper disposal. It may also be termed – service, as the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient and cost effective transfer of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished products and related information, from consumption to the point of origin, for the purpose of recapturing value of proper disposal. While the primary sectors involved in making use of this process may be classified as the Pharmaceutical Sector, Retail sector, Automobile sector and the Electronics sector, we are mainly about to focus all our attention to the practices of ‘Reverse Logistics’ in the Indian Automobile Industry. To truly know why the whole idea of ‘Reverse Logistics’ assumes significance when considered in terms of the Automobile Industry, first we need to think of the nature of the final product i.e. Automobiles or Vehicles as we call them. The parameter one needs to look at is the life cycle of the product and what happens to the final product once it reaches the end of its useful life. By its very nature, it’s difficult to predict the life cycle of the final product. This is because; it is highly susceptible to the nuances of the human subjectivities. But even if we are unable to predict the duration of the life cycle, we have definitely...
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...A review of the emerging concept of reverse logistics Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/review-emerging-concept-reverse-logistics/ A review of the emerging concept of reverse logistics and analyze its impact on the future of transportation and logistics management. Problem Statement for your research paper as well as an outline. The Outline will consist of 2-3 pages. The Title Page and Reference Page are not included in the page count. The paper/outline describes your final research project. Each major section within your final project should be covered in this paper. The Project Outline must be in narrative form, and be descriptive enough that explains each element of your project. The use of graphics and charts is highly encouraged. This report must be original work. Organization should be as follows: APA cover page Abstract (1/2- 1 page) 2. Introduction to the topic, problem or thesis statement 3. Literature Review Background Research on the topic 4. Discussion of your ideas on the topic and problem 5. Discussion of new solution(s) to the problem 6. Conclusion Looking Ahead The final paper must have the following key sections, clearly identified, though they can be titled creatively to reflect your question and interests: I. An introduction that states the problem and why your topic is important. The research question, clearly and concisely stated as a question. What do you hope to answer with this research? This...
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...A review of the emerging concept of reverse logistics Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/review-emerging-concept-reverse-logistics/ A review of the emerging concept of reverse logistics and analyze its impact on the future of transportation and logistics management. Problem Statement for your research paper as well as an outline. The Outline will consist of 2-3 pages. The Title Page and Reference Page are not included in the page count. The paper/outline describes your final research project. Each major section within your final project should be covered in this paper. The Project Outline must be in narrative form, and be descriptive enough that explains each element of your project. The use of graphics and charts is highly encouraged. This report must be original work. Organization should be as follows: APA cover page Abstract (1/2- 1 page) 2. Introduction to the topic, problem or thesis statement 3. Literature Review Background Research on the topic 4. Discussion of your ideas on the topic and problem 5. Discussion of new solution(s) to the problem 6. Conclusion Looking Ahead The final paper must have the following key sections, clearly identified, though they can be titled creatively to reflect your question and interests: I. An introduction that states the problem and why your topic is important. The research question, clearly and concisely stated as a question. What do you hope to answer with this research? This...
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...expand in diversity when they made the decision to include third-party logistics services. All of Genco’s expansions eventually spurred their entrance into a major new service area that is known today as reverse logistics. They developed software and expanded its services to help companies manage and maximize the value of their returned products. Reverse logistics deals with reusing, repairing, and recycling products to satisfy organizational goals. The origins of reverse logistics began in such ways as patching clothes to make them last longer or placing kitchen scraps in a compost bin. The goal is to process goods that are moving up the reverse supply chain in a manner that creates new uses, or safe disposal, while retaining as much value as possible. Formally, it is the process of receiving returned goods or goods that have reached their useful life and attempting to recapture value or properly disposing of them. It includes the handling of product recalls, end-of-life returns, and seasonal returns and parts so that they do not simply get dumped into a landfill. After products move through the reverse logistics system, they can eventually be returned to stock, returned to the original manufacturer, sold in a secondary market, or repaired and reshipped to the original customer. Returns have become an increasingly important consideration for retailers, demanding that they either come up with a reverse logistics system or buy it from somewhere else. Today, it is essential for...
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...exact opposite of the adjusting entry made in the previous period." During the first month an expense is accrued which makes it an account payable. Even though the money to pay the bill is earned the same month the actual bill is accrued, it will not be adjusted to the following month. Reversing entry is what shows that the expense which was accrued last month is paid this the following month. Reversing entries has its advantages and disadvantages. One of the disadvantages of reversing entries is that they are two part entries. It is entered a certain way the first period and is then balanced with an entry which suffices the second month. This means that it is double work. If you forget to do the reverse entry when the bill is actually paid then you will end up with an error when trying to balance. One of the many advantages of using a reversing entry is that it helps you track how much money is spent on a certain bill over a certain period. For example if you spent a certain amount of money on cool-aid for your drink company over a period of time, you can track how much money you have spent and see the effect it had on the company during that time period. A lot of company decisions can be made by being able to track how much resources are used or bills that is accumulated then decide if it worth is or not. Reversing...
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...Draft Memo Date: Preparer: Group Reviewer: Professor Subject: Qualifying Like-kind Exchange Facts: Twinbrook Corporation purchased a larger manufacturing facility for $2,100,000. Three months after Twinbrook purchased the new facility, it sold the old facility to White Flint Corporation for $2,000,000. Issue: Can Twinbrook Corporation qualify for a like-kind exchange of its manufacturing facilities? If not, under what circumstances would the transaction meet the requirements of a like-kind exchange? Authorities: IRC § 1001 (c) IRC §1031 (a)(1) IRC §1031 (a)(3) IRC Reg. § 1.1031(k)-1(b)(2)(i)) Rev. Proc. 2000-37, 2000-2 C.B. 308 Rev. Proc. 2004-51, Conclusion: Twinbrook Corporation did a transaction that does not qualify as a like-kind exchange because they obtained the new property for three months before disposing the old property. However, the exchange could qualify for the like-kind exchange if they went through an exchange facilitator. Analysis: IRC §1031 (a)(1) states that a company would not recognize a loss or gain in a qualifying like-kind exchange. In this case Twinbrook Corporation would not recognize the loss if the transaction would qualify as a like-kind exchange. Both manufacturing facilities are classified as real property; therefore, the two facilities are considered like-kind property. The problem is that the company used cash as part of the transactions and did not go through a third party intermediary; therefore, Twinbrook Corporation...
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...Reversing entries are when an accountant makes adjustments to the beginning of the next accounting period. This would be the opposite of what had been done to an entry in the previous period. (Kimmel, 2011) For example, a utility bill. The utility bill would be recorded in one month as received. When the next period happens is when it will be paid so the amount will need entered again. This time is will just need reversed. Reversing entries may be a helpful method, there are however, pros and cons to using this method. The downfall to using reverse entries is, there could be a greater chance a mistake could be made or forgetting to put in or take out one of the entries could happen because there would be more entries. This will eventually double the work load for the accountant. (Reeves, 2011) The positive to using this method to remove an entry in the previous period is there is nothing special which needs to be done. The same exact numbers are just needed to be inserted in the right place. This process can be done by anyone. Even if they are not an expert in accounting and journalizing. This method just cancels out an entry which was made during the last period. (Reeves, 2011) The reason reversing entries are optional is because it can only be used on adjustments which creates accounts receivable. An example would be accruals. Since not all companies are cash based, it is not a mandatory accounting...
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...#include <iostream> using namespace std; //to reverse the digits of the number int main(){ int orig, rev; //original number and reversed number int hundreds, tens, ones; //we are going to separate out // original number to its digits(h,t,o) while(1) { orig=4444; //choose an arbitrary "wrong" condition while(orig > 999){ cout << "Enter a 3 digit number :"; cin >> orig; } hundreds = orig /100; // integer division by 100 ones = orig % 10; //remainder of division by 10 tens = (orig /10 ) % 10; // get ten's cout << "Original number = " << orig << endl; rev = ones * 100 + tens*10 + hundreds ; //reformulate the rev num cout << "Reversed number = " << rev << endl; cout << "============================" << endl; } char ch; cin >> ch; } #include <iostream> using namespace std; void conversionFunc(double& dFactory, double& wRiver); double costFunc(double, double); int main() { double wRiver; double dFactory; double cUnderWater; double cOverLand; cout << "Please enter the width of the river: "; cin >> wRiver; ...
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