...Robert Frank - The Americans Early History: Robert Frank was born on November 9, 1924 in Zurich, Switzerland. He is best known for his documentary photography book The Americans however he has released additional books and documentary films as well. Robert Frank was raised into a wealthy Jewish family, his father of German decent and a photographer as well, and a Swiss mother coming from money. In an interview that Frank gave to the NY Times, he stated, ‘‘My father married my mother because of money. It became the most important thing in order for them to feel good. If my father had a good day, dinner would end and my father would take out his wallet and give my mother 100 Swiss francs." (DAWIDOFF) At the time of his upbringing, the beginnings of WWII were also in play where by Frank states remembering the speeches of Adolf Hitler via the radio in his youth. Frank later studied as an apprentice under a commercial photographer by the name of Herman Segesser. It was then that Frank had thoughts of exploring elsewhere to shoot photography. Although safe in Switzerland, growing up during the Holocaust years and the oppression that he witnessed took it's effect of Frank, this of which pushed him into traveling to America to pursue broader interests in photography. Coming to America: In 1947, Frank immigrated to America to explore photography in new ways and other outlets than he had done before. Upon arriving, Frank landed a short stint...
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...Introductory Essay. I’m discussing “Prospects of the Eurozone” by Stephanie Balnkenburg, Lawrence King, Sue Konzelmann and Frank Wilkinson. In terms of a summary, the Journal suggests that general economic theory proposes that the European Union would benefit all memebers. That the crisis in 2010 was fisical in nature that it was the prolifery of governement spending in certain European nations that caused the crash; hence why the prospect of survival of the european union is being discussed in this journal. It discusses the belief of the ECB, that austerity measures are the only way that these indebted European nations are going to pay back what they owe and return to prosperity. The journal procedes to prescribe why this is incorrect using mainstream economic theory. I disagree with the statement that all countries in the European Union have benefitted from joining. Spain with the availability of cheap credit built a ‘housing bubble’. Between 2004 and 2008 house prices rose by fourty percent not so co-incidently Spain adopted the euro in 2002. It wasn’t just lavish spending in the private sector, 17 regional Spanish Governments have large debts of their own, a sum of thirty-six billion is needed to refinance their debts in 2012. (BBC, 28 September 2012) The availability of euros (credit) meant along with private investors, local government could also be more frivilous. In contrast to the view that the euro hindered economic growth in Spain, gross...
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...following essay will discuss three different works of art from the Romanticism era. The essay will provide a description of each work art including the style. A summary of each artists’ personal philosophies of art will be discussed along with prevailing trends and school of thought in the art world during this time period. In addition, an explanation will be provided of how the works of art fit into the context of the Romanticism time period. In conclusion, also provided is a discussion of the three works of art in the terms of content, form, and subject matter as well as a discussion of aesthetic qualities and symbolic significance. The Romanticism Era Introduction During the Romanticism era, emotional expression motivated European artists from about 1820 to 1850. In this era, various artists, such as painters, photographers, musicians, and writers, held the belief that imagination and emotion had more value than reason, civilization was more corrupt than nature, and that ultimately human beings were good (Frank, 2011). As a way to move away from the Neoclassicism fixation classical forms, Romantic artists sought to celebrate nature, rural life, common people and other exotic ideas in their work. Romanticism is demonstrated in such works of art as The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons by Joseph Mallard William Turner (Frank, 2011, p. 328), in The Oxbow by Thomas Cole (Frank, 2011, p. 329), and also in Blue Hole, Little Miami River by Robert S. Duncanson...
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...BIBLIOGRAPHY PMM 225 CHURCH YEAR Adam, Adolf. The Liturgical Year: Its History and Its Meaning After the Reform of the Liturgy. Pueblo, 1979. Alexander, J. Neil. "Advent, Christmas and Epiphany" Liturgy (Summer 1984), 9-16. Alexander, J.Neil. "A Sacred Time in Tension" Liturgy (Volume 13, Number 3), 5-10. Alexander, J. Neil. "Rejoicing in the Glorious Company of the Saints-the Origin of the Feast" Liturgy (Volume 14, Number 3), 1-15. Alexander, J.Neil. The Liturgical Meaning of Advent, Christmas, Epiphany: Waiting for the Coming. The Pastoral Press, 1993. Asendorf, Ulrich. "Luther's Sermons on Advent as a Summary of His Theology" in A Lively Legacy: Essays in Honor of Robert Preus Edited by Kurt Marquart et al. CTS Press, 1985. Babin, David. Week In-Week Out: A New Look at Liturgical Preaching. Seabury, 1976. Bainton, Roland. Martin Luther's Christmas Book. Augsburg Publishing House, 1997. Bainton, Roland. Martin Luther's Easter Book. Augsburg Publishing House, 1997. Bass, George. "An Introduction to Liturgical Preaching" Response (Easter 1978), 29-32. Bass, George. The Renewal of Liturgical Preaching. Augsburg Publishing House, 1967. Baughman, Harry F. Preaching From the Propers. Board for Publications Of the United Lutheran Church of America, 1948. Beckwith, Roger. "The Origin of the Festivals of Easter and Whitsunday" Studia Liturgica 13 (1979-1980), 1-20. Bergerm Rupert and Hans Hollerweger (editors). Celebrating the Easter Vigil. Pueblo Publishing,...
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...Really, there was two crews, one that went with the Aurora, and the other went with the Endurance. In this essay i’ll be focusing on the crew of the Endurance. The leader of the expedition was Ernest Shackleton, an experienced polar explorer who had good knowledge of the terrain. The rest of the crew was carefully picked by Shackleton. 5000 people applied for the expedition, but only these people were picked. The second in command was Frank Wild, since he was very much like Shackleton, he was in charge of the 21 Men still on Elephant Island when Shackleton took his men to South Georgia Island. There were three officers on board Endurance, Lionel Greenstreet, Tom Crean, Alfred Cheetham. The captain of the Endurance, not to be confused with the...
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...THE PLAGUE Essay Proposal Film noir is a cinematic term used to describe heavily stylized Hollywood crime dramas emphasizing on cynical attitudes, sexual motivations and recurring dark themes. However, film noir is not considered a genre and it is not defined by conventions of setting and conflict but rather by the subtle aspects and details of tone and mood. The two films being compared are Out of the Past and Sin City. Out of the Past was filmed in 1947 and directed by Jacques Tourneur. It is a superb example of film noir due to its convoluted dreamlike storyline and the impressive chiaroscuro cinematography. It has since, been added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed “culturally, historically or aesthetically significant” in 1991. Sin City on the other hand is a 2005 neo-noir film produced and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez. The former being an actual film from Hollywood’s most celebrated but relatively unknown era in filmography, differs vastly from that of Sin City but at the same time drawing similarities in comparison generated from the various aspects of film noir. This will be further analyzed by comparing the two films to what film noir is comprised of. Looking back into the history of film noir and why it was deemed so important, there were four catalytic elements that could define the technique and the distinct trait of noir drew from them. War and post war disillusionments, post war realism, the German influence...
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...K. The Man Who Was Thursday Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness AND one of: Lord Jim, The Secret Agent, Nostromo, Under Western Eyes Ford, Ford Madox. The Good Soldier Forster, E. M. Howards End, A Passage to India (plus the essays “What I Believe” and “The Challenge of Our Times” in Two Cheers for Democracy) Galsworthy, John. The Man of Property Greene, Graham. One of: Brighton Rock, The Power and the Glory, The Heart of the Matter Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World Joyce, James. Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses Kipling, Rudyard. Kim Lawrence, D. H. Two of: Sons and Lovers, Women in Love, The Rainbow, The Plumed Serpent Lewis, Wyndham. Tarr, manifestos in BLAST 1 Mansfield, Katherine. “Prelude,” “At the Bay,” “The Garden Party,” “The Daughters of the Late Colonel” (in Collected Stories) Orwell, George. 1984 (or Aldous Huxley, Brave New World) Wells, H. G. One of the following: Ann Veronica, Tono-Bungay, The New Machiavelli West, Rebecca. The Return of the Soldier Waugh, Evelyn. One of: Vile Bodies, A Handful of Dust, Brideshead Revisited Woolf, Virginia. Two of: The Voyage Out, Jacob’s Room, Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse, Orlando, Between the Acts (plus the essays “Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown” and “Modern Fiction” in Collected Essays) B. POETRY The...
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...A Guide to Harvard Referencing The following is a guide to writing references in essays and reports. There are several different ways of writing references according to whether they come from a book, edited book or journal article. What is the Harvard System of Referencing? Harvard referencing is a system of in–text referencing which is used by academics and others to illustrate ideas, concepts, theories and arguments by drawing attention to supporting published evidence both in the text of any essay or report and at the end in a references section. 1 How to write references in the text of an essay/report Examples of Text: Benson, Roberts and Smith (1993) have suggested that there is a relationship between academic excellence and shoe size. They have argued that a student with large feet has the capacity to learn more in a lecture than a student with small feet. Support for this theory has come from Dawson (1976) and Franks and Miller (1991) who have found that men who wear size 8–10 shoes tend to score three points higher on Intelligence Quotient (I.Q.) tests than men with shoe size ranges from 5–7. However, research suggests that women obtain a higher I.Q. score if their shoe size ranges from 3–4 in comparison to those with shoe sizes ranging from 5–7 (Bunion and Foot 1987). Despite such gender differences, Benson et al. believe that the relationship between I.Q. and foot size only occurs in industrialised societies and so “we should consider why foot size...
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...HUMAN BEHAVIOUR ESSAY 1993. Topic 10: Discuss the concept of the Placebo Effect and how it pertains to the real-life practice of Pharmacy and Medicine. "The Power of Thought - the Magic of the Mind!" (Lord George Byron. Cited by K.L. Roberts, 1940). How true, the human mind is undoubtedly quite magical. It's complexities stretch beyond our own horizons of comprehension and reach out into the mystic of the unknown. The mind possesses powers unrivalled by anything else - powers which extend to the self-healing of the human body with no aid other than faith - alias `the power of thought!' The use of the Placebo in medicine and pharmacy harnesses this incredible power and instigates the phenomenal self-healing process. The `Placebo Effect' has been used extensively throughout the history of medicine. Physicians have discovered the power of the human mind in healing and have tried to utilise this to it's full potential in all applicable aspects of therapeutic intervention. This report aims to discuss the Placebo Effect, it's power and history in relation to other forms of therapy, Case studies, the Ethical issues involved and whether they should be used or not. The `Placebo Effect' was defined by Wolf as "any effect attributable to a pill, potion or procedure but not to it's pharmacodynamic or specific properties" (Wolf, 1959. Cited by H.Brody, 1980). To date, the placebo has played a dynamic role throughout the history...
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...Correctional systems Essay topics * Winston Church once said: “We shape buildings, and then the buildings shape us.” Compare the architecture and management styles engendered by Jeremy Bentham and the Panopticon and modern campus style prisons * Should the same “Duty of Care” obligations for a Prison Officer be imposed on a Community Corrections Officer managing an offender in the community? Defend your answer. * Is there a case for the re-introduction of Capital Punishment? Defend your answer. * Should Prison Officers have greater disciplinary powers to control prisoner Behaviour? Defend your answer * Should prisoner classification be based on categories of crime, or is placement by individual case merit more effective? Defend your stance by argument and example. * Is there a case for privately run prisons, or should the government re-claim those prisons currently in private hands. Analyze and defend your position. * Is there a case for the number of categories of offences eligible for a home detention sentence to be increased? Analyze and defend your answer. * Should prisoners be forced to pay for their time in custody? Should there be a sliding scale of repayment? Defend your answer. Reading List Attached is a sample of materials “out there.” I encourage you to look at the range of e-books now available though Sage publications and Blackwell’s which you can access through the Library for 2012 editions Criminal...
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...strategies employed to promote the circulation of goods as well as the impact of advertising on the creation of new habits and expectations in everyday life. Required Course Texts: Juliet Schor and D.B. Holt (eds), The Consumer Society Reader Joseph Turow and Mathew Mcallister, The Advertising and Consumer Culture Reader *Additional PDFs posted on Blackboard Assignments and Grade Distribution: Participation, Reading Quizzes, and any In-Class Assignments 10% Essay One: Ad Analysis 15% Midterm Exam 20% Essay Two: Branding 25% Final Exam 30% Essay One: Ad Analysis This short essay (500-800 words; 12 point font, double spaced) will offer an analysis of a single print advertisement of your choice. You must situate your discussion of the ad within a historical context (what are some historical trends that set the stage for this form of commercial text?). You must then identify the central trope or strategy being used and explain its rhetorical function. A strong essay will begin to suggest what is meaningful about the advertisement: does it suggest a notable change in how consumers are being “hailed,” does it target a specific audience in a way that might be culturally significant, etc.? Though this is not a “research” paper, you are expected to engage the class texts and dialogue, citing readings where relevant. You will be evaluated on...
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...obert Burns (January 25, 1759-July 21, 1796) is the national poet of Scotland. Since they were first published, his poetry and songs have never been out of fashion. Translations have made him a classic in other languages. In households where books have been few, an edition of Burns's poetry has often stood on a shelf with the Bible. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote, "The people who care nothing for literature and poetry care for Burns." With their writing Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scott created an enduring Scottish identity at a time when the Scots might have been entirely absorbed into a general British culture. In particular, Burns preserved the Scots tongue in literary form. The most loved figure in Scottish history and literature, his birthday, January 25, is the annual occasion of "Burns Night" festivities. He is celebrated by the Unitarians of Scotland as a religious forbear. Robbie was born in a thatched cottage in Alloway, Ayrshire. His father, William Burnes, was a moderately well-educated farmer who did some of the teaching of his children and occasionally provided private tutors. He wrote his own relatively liberal catechism for his children as an alternative to that of the Westminster Assembly. Robbie did a lot of reading on his own, including works by philosophers John Locke and Adam Smith. He worked on the family farm until his father's death in 1784 and continued farming with his brother Gilbert, 1784-86. As a young man Burns made a study of local religious phenomena...
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...What is literature? * Creative writing of recognised artistic value. * Written works of fiction and non-fiction in which compositional excellence and advancement in the art of writing are higher priorities than are considerations of profit or commercial appeal. * Literature is literally "an acquaintance with letters" as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary (from the Latin littera meaning "an individual written character (letter)"). The term has generally come to identify a collection of texts. The word literature as a common noun can refer to any form of writing, such as essays or poetry; Literature as a proper noun refers to a whole body of literary work, world-wide or relating to a specific culture... * lit·er·a·ture n. 1. The body of written works of a language, period, or culture. 2. Imaginative or creative writing, especially of recognized artistic value:"Literature must be an analysis of experience and a synthesis of the findings into a unity" 3. The art or occupation of a literary writer. 4. The body of written work produced by scholars or researchers in a given field: medical literature. 5. Printed material: All the available collected literature on the subject. 6. Music: All the compositions of a certain kind or for a specific instrument or ensemble: the symphonic literature. Good literature has something important to say about life. If we take the time to read and understand the literature...
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...imbalanced eating of food or calories with respect to the number of energy spent is a primary reason for obesity. Moreover, there are other causes of obesity such as direct food marketing and soft drinks in America and in Canada. In India, where obesity ranked the second, people who are obese are three times higher in urban areas than in rural. For instance, in Punjab, obesity rate for men is 30.3% , while for women is 37.5; however, in Gujarat, obesity rate for men is 15.4% , whereas for women is 17.7% ( National Family Health Survey 2007 quoted in Kalra and Unnikrishnan 2012). Chapman (2008 quoted in Victor 2010, 143) stated that in England 29% of older adults are obese; in addition, 43% of Aussie were overweight, and 24 were obese. This essay will examine three reasons of increasing obesity that result from lifestyle changes which are calorie consumption, ceasing of smoking habit, and physical inactivity. A majority of the World population lives with healthy lifestyle, but people gradually change it and that impact on increasing of obesity. One of the lifestyle changes is calorie consumption which leads to obesity and accounts for...
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...the battles of Fairfax Court House, VA and all 3 days of Gettysburg, PA. They did not achieve their goal at Fairfax Court House, but they delayed the attack on Richmond, Virginia so the Confederate soldiers to build up their numbers. Currier participated in the battle of Gettysburg where they lost the battle to General Robert E. Lee. The battle of Fairfax Court House was during December 28, 1862 and Gettysburg was...
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