...The contributions of women to advancing the various fields of Science are often overlooked and undermined. African American women were especially susceptible to this maltreatment. However, it is a fact that these women’s contributions have shaped the field of science today. The work that these women were doing is even more impressive when you take into consideration the time periods they were working in, and the lack of resources available to them. While investigating women who contributed to mathematics and engineering, the efforts of Emily Roebling, Edith Clarke, Dorothy Vaughan, Katherine Johnson, and Mary Jackson could not go unmentioned. Emily Roebling was an industrial engineer born in 1843. Her education started in Washington D.C. at...
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...Abstract With women accounting for more than 50% of the world population, achieving gender parity is an issue of global concern. It has now been demonstrated conclusively that social as well as economic development of a country is closely linked to the educational level of its female population. Several factors influence the fact that girls are participating less and show less motivation to take parting science education. Some of the reasons are related to differences in ways boys, girls learn, and the content of science education reflected in gender-biased curricula, textbooks, which are not related to women’s and girls’ concerns and interests. Many of these factors are bound up with cultural and societal influences. Being a woman in engineering industry is different from being a man in engineering industry. Not better, not worse, but different. Gone are the days when female engineers were masculine, grim women who were constantly exhausting themselves to be considered equal to men. The nouveau woman engineer is ambitious, comfortable in her own skin, strong, intelligent and feminine. This paper contains the path, women entered in to engineering field and the initial phase of difficulties they faced. The facts and reasons, which were dragged them in to Engineering field, are explained. The main difficulties and hurdles are discussed once they entered in to the field. The different field of study shows that women choose engineering mainly because they enjoy the underlying...
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...The article called “Many Women Leave Engineering, Blame The Work Culture” basically demonstrates the phenomenon of women in engineering majors leaving the field and choosing to work in other occupations. There are many reason that the author provided in this article to explain why this type of situation is happening in today’s society. First of all, the author claims that “Conventional wisdom says that women in engineering face obstacles such as glass ceiling, a lack of self-confidence and a lack of mentors” (St. Fleur, 2014). A psychologist called Nadya Fouad surveyed over 5,300 women who graduated with an engineering degree and found out that only a small part of the population remained in this field in the end. And she says...
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...Latoya Tanilus Mrs. Henderson American History/ Period 4 21 February 2017 Mary Jackson "Coming here from the South will be a culture shock. It is important for us to reach out and help them adjust." Mary Jackson. Mary had a love for science and a passion to help people that were surrounding her. Mary hometown was in Hampton, Virginia where there weren't many opportunities for black and especially for black women. "In the 1970a Mary help young children's that were in the science club and the "Hampton's King Street Community center to build their own tunnel vision and use it to do experiments." (Shetterly) Mary Jackson impacted the twentieth century in many positive ways. Mary set a path for women to go into the engineering field, and made...
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...ENGR 482 – Engineering Ethics 1st Response Paper Rought Draft Modernization: Friend or Foe? Engineering Gender Trends in Qatar By Karim Yacout Aggie Honor Code “On my honor, as an Aggie, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this academic work” For many years gender discrimination between men and women in Engineering has been the converse of many authors and researchers; each trying to search for a reason for its continuation and possible ways to decrease the existing gender gap. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new approach to understand and limit gender discrimination in Engineering. The approach consists of three components if they are present they will help decrease gender gap in Engineering. These components are a strong economy that is driven by the need for engineers, a culture that encourages and supports the development of women in engineering, and lastly the abundance of engineering opportunities. In this paper I will be using Qatar as a case study for my arguments because I believe that Qatar managed to include all three components and the results showed a real decrease in gender gap in engineering. Strong Economy Many studies have been carried out by authors arguing that economic gender inequality is likely to decline with economic growth. Numerous arguments believe that gender discrimination in employment and wages involves extra costs for companies, but in the presence of an economic growth that would limit it (Cuberes...
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...DR.V.MAHALAKSHMI M.L,MBA,Ph.D 7A, CID Quarters, V.K.Iyer Road, Mandaveli – 600 028. karunamaha@yahoo.co.in ; Phone: 95 – 044 – 4281 5557, 24615636, Cell: 98404 60478.98842 51564 Profile: [pic] • Dean, Panimalar Engineering College • 15 Years in the realm of Teaching & Training • 8.11 Years full time Legal Practice in various courts. • Currently guiding 6 research scholars in various universities • Legal consultant for corporate houses • Authored a book in Retail Management. • Authored a book in Operations Management(Under Publication) Work History: |Institution/Organisation |Time Period |Designation | |Panimalar Engg College, Chennai |From 2006 till date |Dean | |Panimalar Engg College, Chennai |From 2003 - 2006 |Head of the Department | |Panimalar Institute of Management Studies, Chennai. |From 1997 - 2003 |Head of the Department | |VGP School of Management Studies |From 1996 - 1997 |Lecturer | |Independent Practice |From 1989 - 1996 |Advocate | Concurrent Assignments: |Institution/Organisation ...
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...1-2 Compare how well engineering and management satisfy the several part of definition of a profession. By definition of engineering requiring application of science and mathematics that people could logically apply quantifiable knowledge for example academic knowledge, practical training, experience and work-study to satisfy the use and convenience of man. However, management indicates the term of managing, training, or directing. Engineering management is a career that brings together the technological problem-solving savvy of engineering and the organizational, administrative, and planning abilities of management in order to oversee complex enterprises from conception to completion that comprehended as a profession which require the special knowledge and often long and intensive preparation to satisfy high standard of achievement and conduct and committing for its primes propose to rendering of public service. 1-4 Comment on the sensitivity of U.S. engineering employment to a major change in the department of defence budget. What types of engineering would be especially affected? According to the U.S Department of Labor, in 20006 it illustrated that civil engineering was the highest number of employment. The probability of building any infrastructures might be reduced because of the cutting budget.1 1-6 How does the job of supervisor or first-line manager differ from that of higher-level manager? For first line manager they make short range operating plans governing...
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...ANSWER 1. Describe the nature and causes of the problem faced by Samad. The nature that faced by Samad is a lack of career planning and development from past management that causes high turnover among electrical engineers engineers in the company that his work. Turnover means that the rate at which an employer gains and loses their employees. High turnover may be harmful to a company's productivity if skilled workers are often leaving and the worker population contains a high percentage of new workers. The causes are the electrical engineers felt no ladder up in the job that in technical of engineering aspects, and there is no career development. To be a successful company, the organization itself must have the ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees. So, that organization must be able to compare between what employees want and what employers are willing to give. This participatory approach to human resources and the perception of a common understanding among human resources managers and executives offer benefits through flexible and innovative care of their employees. In addition, Samad found in the area of wage surveys, Electronic Applications are paid 5 to 8 percent above the market for various categories of electrical engineers and do not do anything about that based on the informal exit interview system or in others word, higher position for the engineers after working so many years and the junior and younger engineers have gone to the competitors. Then...
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...And this is to be expected, since the average salary is a very respectable $79,000 a year (Interesting Engineering, "What is the Average Software Developer Salary?"). A bachelor's degree in computer science is necessary in order to get started in this field, though there are many certification programs available to teach you the basics in just a few months (Tech Directions 28). As far as location is concerned, Silicon Valley in California has the most software developers in the U.S and is a great place to start a career due to it serving as a nerve center for all things technology that continues to grow and provide jobs (Interesting Engineering, "Who is a Software Developer?"). A typical work week for a programmer consists of working comfortably out of an office, usually 40 hours a day, though sometimes they need to work overtime to meet deadlines. Being a programmer also means spending long times sitting in front of a computer, which could lead to injuries like back pain if you are not careful (Tech Directions...
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...ENGINEERING ETHICS SENSES OF ‘ENGINEERING ETHICS’ The word ethics has different meanings but they are correspondingly related to each other. In connection with that, Engineering ethics has also various senses which are related to one another. Comparison of the senses of Ethics and Engineering Ethics Ethics 1. Ethics is an activity which concerns with making investigations and knowing about moral values, finding solutions to moral issues and justifying moral issues and justifying moral judgments. 2. Ethics is a means of contrasting moral questions from non-moral problems. 3. Ethics is also used as a means of describing the beliefs, attitudes and habits related to an individual’s or group’s morality. Eg. : Ethics given in the Bhagavat Gita or the Bible or the Quran. 4. As per the definition of dictionaries – ‘moral principles’ is about the actions and principles of conduct of the people. i.e. ethical or unethical. Engineering Ethics 1. Like the ethics, engineering ethics also aims at knowing moral values related to engineering, finding accurate solutions to the moral problems in engineering and justifying moral judgments of engineering. 2. Engineering Ethics gives a total view of the moral problems and how to solve these issues specifically related to engineering field. 3. Engineering ethics is also using some currently accepted codes and standards which are to be followed by group of engineers and engineering societies. 4. Engineering ethics...
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...moms while boys would become the main bread winner. If they did work, women mainly worked in female-dominate roles, such as secretaries and nurses. Men were mainly employed in fields such as law enforcement, military or engineering. There are many stereotypes in the workplace; gender, race, sexual preference, age, and religion. Some of the stereotypes that represent my own views are gender and age stereotypes. Gender stereotypes are generalizations of the role of each gender. Women and men suffer when they restrict their occupational choices to those that seem suitable for members of their sex (George Powell, pg. 78). Men are more likely to gravitate toward jobs such as engineering, carpentry, and computer science; where women tend to seek jobs such as nursing, teaching, and helping people. Stereotypes can be harmful in the workplace because people put labels on others based on general assumptions. I believe gender stereotypes still exist as to what is considered “women’s work.” In the workplace women face many more challenges than men as a result of stereotyping, such as wage discrimination. Although they have made great strides, women are still making less than men in comparable jobs. Women must provide more evidence of their abilities to be seen as competent (Powell, pg. 105). Confident, assertive women are also often viewed by their teammates as less likeable than confident-assertive men. Women also face sexual harassment and career advancement...
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...Literature Review According to Helfat, et al. (2006), women in top management positions were nearly non-existent from the 1970s to the early 1990s. Information from Powell (1999) and Helfat, et al. (2006) shows a dramatic increase of women in business leadership roles (see Table 1). Table 1 Women in Management Positions As of 2005 women accounted for 46.5% of the United States workforce, but for less than 8% of its top manager positions although at Fortune 500 companies the figure was a bit higher (The Economist, 2005). Female managers’ earnings now average 72% of their male colleagues’ (Emory, 2008). Often cited as the reason for why women are not represented in top management positions is the “glass ceiling.” The glass ceiling effect is defined as an unofficial barrier to opportunities within an organization or company preventing a protected classes of workers, particularly women, from advancing to higher positions (Glass Cliff, 2008; Olin, et al., 2000). According to Helfat et al. (2006), the percentage of women in executive positions is gender specific. For example, industries with the highest percentage of women executives include publishing and printing (15.8%), transportation equipment (15.7%), securities (14.8%), healthcare (14.6%), temporary help (14.5%), airlines (13.8%), and food Services (13.6%). In contrast, industries with women holding the least amount of executive positions include semiconductors (1.3%), energy (2.8%), waste management (3.6%), trucking...
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...Most people in the United States have heard of the gender wage gap. The gap argument is that women get paid less than men (Lips). Feminist movements in the past have helped women gain rights they did not have, such as the right to vote. Other movements like wars have pushed women into the job market and the creation of Rosie the Riveter when they were previously housewives and caretakers. When hearing that there is a gender wage gap, the most obvious solution is for there to be another feminist movement. However, one must question whether a gender wage gap actually exists. Most people have an opinion on the topic of a gender wage gap. The studies and literature someone reads can point them in different directions on whether the gap exists or...
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...Gender stratification has been a hot topic as of late, and for good reason. The issues surrounding the wage gap include less pay for women, the lack of opportunity for employment and promotion for women, and the gendering of certain jobs that a demised more suitable for women or men. But, there are some steps being taken to counter this. While many parents, including Professor Stehle, are using forms of gender-neutral parenting, there are also efforts being made on larger scales.Engineering is generally considered a man’s job, but The Women and Minority in Engineering (WME) program at OSU is providing outreach to women and minorities in order to broaden recruitment and the interest in engineering. Women Engineering Their Future, Saturday...
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...to be different not only physically but also in intellectual knowledge primarily. And hence, both of them have been studied for many scientist through the years because it is fairly important to understand the similarities and dissimilarities among them in order to assimilate the especial abilities that they possesses in opposite areas such as engineering or psychology. This essay will give a deeper look at different kind of abilities between male and female that are important to select professional areas of study such as Psychology and Engineering. To make a fair comparison the male brain vs female brain as left hemisphere and right hemisphere, that find a specific characteristics developed in each of them. Nevertheless, students who are currently thinking about to choose a perfect major should know which career must be adequate for them considering their aptitudes and skills that they need and they hold. Through scientific testing it has proven what people already know for some time: that the female brain is different from their male counterpart. Neuronal distribution and use of different hormones lead to its own reality in women, forming what might be called "the female universe" and a different way of valuing life (Damasio, Antonio R., 58). Physically, the brain of a woman is smaller than a man even after correction for bodily size. Today people know that despite the smaller size,...
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