...Assignment #1: Surprise Ending in The Modest Proposal A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift is a satirical story with lots of sarcasm. This proposal was written to shock or force the government into a reaction. As the government read his proposal it should bring about a response. This proposal suggests a “barbaric solution” that amounts purely to cannibalism. Mr. Swift’s idea is to help end poverty and decrease the amount of women beggars by eating babies of the poor. He devised a plan where he would take 20,000 babies and decide how many would be sold, how many would be breeders thus creating a balance between rich and poor. Mr. Swift’s plan would give the poor a means of income and the wealthy would get a fine and delicate meal. He stated that feeding on Irish babies was a treat and the English should be honored to feast on the babies. Swift based his proposal on facts and figures of many years of analyzing the situation. He does seem well educated and well versed on his proposal. He noted several benefits and advantages to his proposal. Some of those benefits included women being more loving towards their children. Another benefit would be more marriages happening with men catering to their wives while they were pregnant. Swift also quoted a friend that was a modern day swindler. The friend was supposedly from Formosa and told a story where 18,000 young boys were sacrificed to the Gods’ and Priests’. The Gods’ dined on the hearts and the Priests’ dine on...
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...Reader Response Journal Entry – Satires In class, we went over the definitions of a satire and began to talk about what elements of a satire are seen in Huck Finn. A satire is described as the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people’s stupidity or vices. As I began to think more about what a satire means, I realized that in modern day TV shows, politics, and other sources of entertainment, elements of a satire are often brought in. For example, Family Guy, Tosh.0, Saturday Night Live, Chelsea Lately, and the Simpsons are all television shows that could be considered satires, since they all mock people, exaggerate, and use comedy to expose people. I’m surprised that it was so easy to find TV shows that are satires; it’s almost bad in a way, since so many popular shows are making fun of people. Satires aren’t only used to make fun of people though. Often, the use of sarcasm and amplification on their own, create a satire. In chapters 17-18 of Huck Finn, it is clear that Mark Twain is satirizing something in particular. I believe that Mr. Twain is mocking the Civil War through the feud between the Shepherdsons and the Grangerfords. This feud has been going on for so long that these two families can’t even remember how it all started. They say that they only way that the feud will end is when everyone has killed everyone else, because there will be no one left to fight; “a feud is this way: a man has a quarrel with another man and kills...
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...Is Mac Flecknoe a lampoon or a satire? At a time when fiction from Grub Street hack writers (whom he called the “multitude of scribblers, who daily pester the world with their insufferable stuff ”) was becoming widely read, courtly poets and dramatists like Dryden felt a need to play the public role of arbiters of literary taste. Dryden was actively engaged in contemporary debates which sought to lay down standards of what was considered high and low art. He published his “Essay of Dramatic Poesie” in 1667 and “Discourses on Satire and Epic Poetry” in 1692. Both of these served as prescriptive texts for what passed muster as “good” art. In an age of a revived interest in the classics, many of the instructions on good satirical writing are based on the works of Horace, Persius and Juvenal. While he did not think highly of Horatian verse which used word-play like anagrams and “ackrosticks” and was favoured by Francophiles poets, he admired Juvenal and Persius for their unity of plot and their use of Wit, which he saw as a more masculine device than lampooning or raillery. In MacFlecknoe, Dryden’s definition of good art also comes to be strongly associated with class. When he says that bad poetry laden with “Pure Clinches” or puns is inspired by the “suburban Muse”, his implication is that it is only the genteel circles of London that produce and read good poetry – thus, Bun-hill and Watling Street are down-market parts of London which by virtue of their economic demography...
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...that his offer will have a positive impact on the economy, society, and marriages. This essay is a proposal because the author suggests a concrete solution. We can consider it modest when we read the last sentences of his work, "I profess, in the sincerity of my heart, I have not the least personal interest in endeavoring to promote this necessary work, having no other motive then the public good of my country, by advancing our trade, providing for infants, reliving the poor, and giving some pleasure to the rich" (838). Swift ends his essay stating that "I have no children by which I can proposed to get a single penny; the youngest being nine years old, and my wife past childbearing" (838). Undoubtedly, Swift provokes outrage. His satire evokes extreme emotions and feelings. It is both shocking and controversial....
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...• Theme o Symbolism Fiction is any form of narrative which deals, in part or in whole, with events that are not factual, but rather, imaginary and invented by its author(s). In contrast to this isnon-fiction, which deals exclusively in factual events. Elements of Fiction • Plot o Exposition o Rising action o Conflict Man vs Man Man vs Society Man vs Himself Man vs Nature Man vs Fate, Supernatural, Technology o Climax o Falling Action o Resolution • Setting o Social context o Mood • Characterization o Direct o Indirect • Point of View o First person o Objective o Omniscient o Limited Omniscient • Theme • Literary Techniques o Irony Verbal Dramatic Situational o Mood o Satire Horatian • Named for the Roman satirist, Horace, this playfully criticizes some social vice through gentle, mild, and light-hearted humour. It directs...
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...Your Name Instructor’s Name Course Name Date of Submission POLITICAL SATIRE Thesis Statement Political satire does in various ways alter the political history as it strengthens and accompanies political accomplishments. Political satire aims to inform individuals about matters pertaining to the general public as well as issues interconnected to government and politics, in a lighter but educational manner. It not only acts as a curative means to entertain citizens but also has a substantial effect on the political scene of a country. Based on this, “Political satire in the 21st century has a higher impact on the public opinion than a revealing newspaper article through creating humor and simplicity." Introduction The use of satire to express thoughts, themes, and opinions has been in existence since the early ages. It was written by an old Irish bard in an effort to put his solemn contempt upon the intended target. Mostly, satire targeted leaders, their styles of leadership, ideas and actions. The satire on the king, especially during the Irish king’s regime, was liable to result in his dethronement or even death. Political satire has been used in the past periods and continues to be used to criticize the political scenes in a humorous way. The use of satire over centuries as a literary tool has made it possible for essential thoughts, themes, and ideas to be passed across and expose the malfunctions and flaws in the society in a humorous manner. Over...
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...The Onion The Onion is an American news satire organization. It is a newspaper and a website featuring satirical articles reporting on international, national and local news. Most of its humor depends on presenting everyday events as newsworthy and by playing on commonly used phrases. The Onions satire of brand obsession of Mac user’s gullibility may not be so effective to most PC users because of its excessively sarcastic caricature of macheads. The Onion introduces the latest of Apple’s gadgets the macbook wheel, a revolutionary laptop that does away with the keyboard. Replacing the keyboard is a huge button like the ones seen in apples iPod’s. At first glance it might seem that the laptop would fit apples modo of “simpler is better” however the onion plays with sarcasm stating “everything is just a hundred clicks away.” They also introduce Alex Zalban an apple fanatic who spent forty five minutes writing an email only about three sentences long with a vast amount of grammatical errors. The macbook geek speaks about the macbook wheel and says he likes how at the end of the email it says “sent from a macbook wheel”, that way people know you have one. This again is the onions creative way of making fun of macheads. Another way the onion excessively makes fun of macheads is by the price of the device which is just under twenty six hundred dollars for the lower end macbook wheel. Alex Zalban the machead then states, “I’ll buy anything that’s shiny and made by apple.” Shortly...
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...from ‘Scoop’ and consideration of other examples of satire that you have read, explore how ‘Scoop’ works as a satire. ‘Scoop’, published in 1938, was one of Evelyn Waugh’s earliest novels. In this novel Waugh presents a humorous and satirical view on Fleet Street journalists and their frenzied hunt of a scoop. Other novels, such as ‘Gulliver’s Travels’ by Jonathan Swift and ‘Animal Farm’ by George Orwell, both portray satirical messages throughout. In ‘Gulliver’s Travels’, Swift satirises human nature, and the political system and government. He uses Gulliver as a satirical device, and in order to portray the sarcasm and over-exaggeration of what Swift is satirising, he sends Gulliver on three journeys to strange lands, where he encounters odd people and thing, more tools that Swift uses. Gulliver's first journey takes him to the Land of Lilliput, where the local inhabitants of the land are six inch tall beings and he is a giant. His next journey brings him to Brobdingnag, where his situation is reversed, and he is a midget among giants. His third journey leads him to Laputa, a floating island which is inhabited by strange beings who derive their whole culture from music and mathematics. And finally Gulliver's fourth journey places him in the land of the Houyhnhnm, a society of intelligent, reasoning horses. By creating these four mysterious, ridiculous yet rather amusing journeys, Swift is able to add irony and satire of the English political system and the human ways. ...
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...Alejandro Delgado Professor Wolf British Literature February 23, 2012 A Flawed Justice System When a society has a problem and it needs to be dealt with in a fair manner, the society turns to its judicial system, which lays down the rules of how to go about the case and determine the punishment. There were many different societies that enforced a law system according to their needs and population, and this goes the same for the era. Ben Jonson and Jonathan Swift are two very popular and well respected authors of satire, who have made stories that made society question the judicial system that they carried. Ben Jonson satirizes the judicial system in his play Volpone, a story of an old but sneaky man who manipulated people into giving him things for the possibility of becoming the heir of his grand fortune. Jonathan Swift mocks the way England is carried out politically in Gulliver’s Travels, the story of Lemuel Gulliver who travels by sea to four different lands and learns of their habits whilst comparing them to England and opening his eyes to the flaws of England. One of the most crucial points in the story of Volpone would be the case of Bonario and Celia, who are being falsely accused by Corvino, Voltore and Corbaccio, who are currently competing for the position of becoming Volpone’s heir. Jonson mocks the system by simply giving full control to the men of power and portraying the avocatores as very gullible men. Before entering the court, the...
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...shower is borne aslope and it is sprinkling just like some careless quean. She flirts on you from her mop, but not so clean. You fly and invoke the gods, then turning and stop to rail. She is singing and still whirls on her mop. The dust had not shunned the unequal strife yet, but aided by the wind it still fought for life, and wafted with its foe by violent gust. That was doubtful which was rain and which was dust. Ah! Where must needy poet seek for aid when dust and rain invade on his coat at once. Dust cemented by the rain on sole coat, it erects the nap and leaves a mingled stain. I did some research online and in a web blog I found out that Dulman is a character created by Johnathon Swift to carry the most weight when he is creating satire, Dulman represent the meaning of “dull man” in his works. Dread: to regard with awe or reverence, venerate Saunter: To muse, be in a reverie Mingled: mixed, interspersed Strife: The action of striving together or contending in opposition; a condition of antagonism, enmity, or discord; contention, dispute. (All...
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...Sarcasm defined in The Oxford Universal Dictionary, as "a sharp, bitter, or cutting expression or remark; a bitter gibe or taunt." Definitions that are more contemporary often emphasize the false, mocking praise and verbal irony of sarcasm rather than its malicious or scornful intent. However, the etymology of the word "sarcasm" clearly indicates that wounding was, at least historically, the primary point. The word comes from the late Latin sarcasmus, derived from the Greek sarkasmos "a sneer, jest, taunt, mockery" and sarkazein "to speak bitterly, sneer" literally, "to strip off the flesh" or "to bite the lips in rage.” Despite smiling outwardly, most people who receive sarcastic comments feel put down and usually think the sarcastic person is a jerk. What’s more, since actions strongly determine thoughts and feelings, when a person consistently acts sarcastically it usually only heightens his or her underlying hostility and insecurity. After all, when you come right down to it, sarcasm is a subtle form of bullying and most bullies are angry, insecure, cowards. Alternatively, when a person stops voicing negative comments, especially sarcastic and critical ones, he or she soon starts to feel happier and more self-confident. In addition, the other people in his or her life benefit even faster because they no longer have to hear the emotionally hurtful language of sarcasm. Though this particular definition has a negative connotation, sarcasm can be a positive addition...
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...Depuis sa sortie en 1997, la saga Harry Potter a donné lieu à de nombreuses interprétations politiques, parfois très critiques. Son auteur, J.K. Rowling, a ainsi été accusée d'avoir tenu dans ses livres des propos racistes et anti-gouvernementaux. Le catalogue de la Bibliothèque du Congrès des Etats-Unis dénombre une importante collection d'ouvrages concernant la critique et l'interprétation de la saga, et l'Insight Higher Ed, mentionne de nombreuses mémoires de maîtrise et thèses de doctorat consacrés à Harry Potter. Plusieurs cours universitaires sont également axés sur l'analyse de cette œuvre, y compris dans le domaine de la science politique. Dans son numéro sur la personnalité de l'année 2007, où Rowling s'est classée troisième après les politiques Vladimir Poutine et Al Gore, le Time Magazine met en lumière les aspects sociaux et politiques de Harry Potter. L'impact social et politique de la célèbre série de livres est comparé à celui de La case de l'oncle Tom de Harriet Beecher Stowe, roman du XIXe siècle accueillit de manière positive par le public, mais montré du doigt par les critiques qui l'accusaient d'alimenter le mouvement abolitionniste qui a à l'époque abouti à la guerre civile américaine. Suite à cette polémique quant au message politique généré ou non par Harry Potter, J. K. Rowling a décidé de réagir en expliquant : « Je voulais que Harry quitte le monde des Moldus et retrouve exactement les mêmes problèmes dans l'univers des sorciers. On y retrouve donc...
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...Eng2850 Review sheet Term: Satire: religion hypocrisy, the literary tart of using mockery irony and comedy to ridicule and point out human follies and vices with the hope that will be corrected. The Enlightenment: An intellectual movement develop in Western Europe during the 17 century that emphasis the use of human reason to solve problem and free humanity from superstition and ignorance. Irony: An expression to convey the opposite of meaning. Hegemony: the tyranny of nation or institution over another. Feminist: a doctrine that favor more right for woman in their economic, social, political and private lives. Patriarchy: a form of social organization in which the male in dominate. Sonnet: A poem fourteen lines of iambic pentameter with a definite rhyme scheme. Theodicy: the vindication of all justice and holiness of god to have create a world in which evil exist. Pseudonym: false name use by author. Mulatto: A person mix white and African American descent. Black verse: unrhymed iambic pentameter. Figure of speech: use of non-literal language. Symbols: Stand for something other than the literal meaning. Apostrophe: figure of speech, to address an object or a person as if it were present and could response. Personification: to assign human quality to non-human thing. Oxymoron: two words or phrases of opposite meaning are used together. Metonymy: a word or phrase stands not for itself but something closely related. Synecdoche: A part is used for the whole and vice...
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...1. What elements of satire did you notice upon your first read of the article? The Onion uses a satirical tone to draw attention to the public’s gullibility and the advertising industry’s power. There is a touch of humor throughout the article that mocks the exaggerated diction advertisers use in real life. The article even goes as far as to make up its own scientific diction including the change of neutrons into “comfortrons” and nuclei to “pain-nuclei.” 2. What rhetorical strategies contribute to the satire? How are they effectively used? The use of numerous hyperboles throughout article brings awareness to the fact that advertisements do the same thing, over-exaggerations. The article in its entirety is ironic, it is an advertisement making fun of advertisements, which adds some humor to the criticism. 3. What are the key differences between student response 2A and student response 2B? How do you account for the three point difference in scores? The difference between 2A and 2B is that essay 2A provided evidence and explained in detail the rhetoric devices and how they were used effectively; 2B on the other hand simply just answered the prompt. 4. Explain the score received by the writer of 2C. Where do you think this writer might have missed an opportunity to craft a much stronger essay? Where are the opportunities for improvement? I believe the writer could’ve crafted a much stronger essay if they thoroughly understood what the prompt was asking. It seemed...
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...Horatian and Juvenalian Satire Satire has many definitions, but according to Merriam Webster satire can be defined as “A literary work holding up human vices and follies to ridicule or scorn” (Webster). This definition is likely used by many authors who exercise the application of satire. Satire has been in literature since ancient times; it is derived from the Latin satura, meaning "dish of mixed fruits," (Weisgerber). Many satirists have shared a common aim: to expose foolishness in all its guises — vanity, hypocrisy, formalism, reverence, and the intolerance toward those who hold different opinions from oneself (Moyers). As previously mentioned, the term satire was originally derived from satura, defined by Quintilian, a roman rhetorician (Clarke). It was later discovered that two Roman poets, Juvenal and Horace, were responsible for further defining satirical works by their literary tone (Moyers). Thus, creating a systematic way to categorize satire into two different types, Horatian satire which approaches satirical observations, literature and performance in a humorous and lighthearted manner, and Juvenalian satire, which focuses on specific verbal or literary attacks on corrupt ideals or individuals (Weisgerber). I view Horatian satire as clever and humorous and find that it generally mocks others. Horatian is not negative; it aims to make fun of human behavior in a comic way. In a work using Horatian satire, readers often laugh at the characters in the story who are...
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