...well-defined market segments. The Millers must also consider any barriers to implementing a lean system to meet the demands of menu flexibility and faster response times. Keywords: lean systems Copper Kettle Catering. – Case Study Synopsis Copper Kettle Catering is known for their catering services that provides box luncheons and deliver and serve services for large parties, dinners and weddings. Demand for deliver only services are constant with a changing product mix. The planning horizon is short. In contrast, the deliver and serve side process has a more seasonal demand with a longer planning horizon with customers booking dates weeks or months in advance. Both processes are supported by food preparation facilities with five major work areas that can be seen in Chart 1. There are challenges due to space limitations and risk of spoilage and limited inventory space. Order scheduling is a two stage process. This process can be seen in Chart 2 of the appendix. The deliver and serve orders are efficient due to the level of demand with short lead-times. The deliver only menu item...
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...operations to Quinte MRI, a seasoned and highly recognized MRI service provider. Unfortunately, after six weeks of operations Quinte MRI’s leased MRI machine is not meeting its expected outputs as projected and is causing concern to both Quinte MRI and BCMC which has begun to lose revenue via referrals away from its clinic. Further, BCMC’s reputation is now at risk which could result in additional loses to the centre. The root cause of the problem appears to lie with the scheduling of the scanning operations. Dr. Syed Haider, the owner of Quinte MRI, has tasked his business development coordinators with finding a solution to this problem and to report back within 2-days. Acting as David Wright and Kevin Saskiw, the business development coordinators, my solution to these issues are to regain control of the scheduling process as this is an integral part of the operations. Streamline the scheduling process to reduce variability and improve reliability. Introduce the use of technology to remove manual processes, improve process efficiencies, minimise errors and improve communication across the business lines of operation. I would also hire a new employee to support the scanning operations as there is no backup or adequately trained support for the only Technologist running the operations. Issues Identification Brenton-Cooper Medical Centre (BCMC) has outsourced its MRI operations to Quinte MRI, a seasoned and highly recognized MRI service provider. Unfortunately, after six weeks of...
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...2.5 SCHEDULING When a computer is multiprogrammed, it frequently has multiple processes competing for the CPU at the same time. This situation occurs whenever two or more processes are simultaneously in the ready state. If only one CPU is available, a choice has to be made which process to run next. The part of the operating system that makes the choice is called the scheduler and the algorithm it uses is called the scheduling algorithm. These topics form the subject matter of the following sections. Many of the same issues that apply to process scheduling also apply to thread scheduling, although some are different. Initially we will focus on process scheduling. Later on we will explicitly look at thread scheduling. 2.5.1 Introduction to Scheduling Back in the old days of batch systems with input in the form of card images on a magnetic tape, the scheduling algorithm was simple: just run the next job on the tape. With timesharing systems, the scheduling algorithm became more complex because there were generally multiple users waiting for service. Some mainframes still combine batch and timesharing service, requiring the scheduler to decide whether a batch job or an interactive user at a terminal should go next. (As an aside, a batch job may be a request to run multiple programs in succession, but for this section, we will just assume it is a request to run a single program.) Because CPU time is a scarce resource on these machines, a good scheduler can make a big difference in...
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...Shahh Sanjay Radiah facebook.com Robert Evansy Bikas Sahah m: Thomas Gravesy Benjamin Reed f hortonworks.com, Eric Baldeschwielerh microsoft.com, i : inmobi.com, y : yahoo-inc.com, Abstract The initial design of Apache Hadoop [1] was tightly focused on running massive, MapReduce jobs to process a web crawl. For increasingly diverse companies, Hadoop has become the data and computational agor´ —the de a facto place where data and computational resources are shared and accessed. This broad adoption and ubiquitous usage has stretched the initial design well beyond its intended target, exposing two key shortcomings: 1) tight coupling of a specific programming model with the resource management infrastructure, forcing developers to abuse the MapReduce programming model, and 2) centralized handling of jobs’ control flow, which resulted in endless scalability concerns for the scheduler. In this paper, we summarize the design, development, and current state of deployment of the next generation of Hadoop’s compute platform: YARN. The new architecture we introduced decouples the programming model from the resource management infrastructure, and delegates many scheduling functions (e.g., task faulttolerance) to per-application components. We provide experimental evidence demonstrating the improvements we made, confirm improved efficiency by reporting the experience of running YARN on production environments (including 100% of Yahoo! grids), and confirm the flexibility claims...
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...how to properly apply, tools and techniques of systems development. But most failures are attributed to poor leadership and management. This mismanagement results in unfulfilled or unidentified requirements, cost overruns, and late delivery. 2. Discuss the major functions of management: scoping, planning, estimating, scheduling, organizing, directing, controlling and closing. Scoping- Scope defines the boundaries of the project. A project manager must scope project expectations and constraints in order to plan activities, estimate costs, and manage expectations Planning- Planning identifies the tasks required to complete the project. This is based on the manger’s understanding of the project scope and the methodology used to achieve the goal. Estimating- Each task that is required to complete the project must be estimated. How much time will be required? How many people will be needed? What skill will be needed? What tasks must be completed before other tasks are started? Can some of the tasks overlap? How much will it cost? These are all estimating issues. Scheduling- Given the project plan, the project manager is responsible for scheduling all project activities. The project schedule should be developed with an understanding of the required tasks, task duration, and task prerequisites. Organizing- The project manager should make sure that members of the project team understand their own individual roles and responsibilities as well as their reporting relationship...
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...Study Guide to Accompany Operating Systems Concepts 8th Ed by Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne By Andrew DeNicola, BU ECE Class of 2012 Figures Copyright © John Wiley & Sons 2012 Ch.1 - Introduction • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • An OS is a program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware Goals: Execute user programs, make the comp. system easy to use, utilize hardware efficiently Computer system: Hardware ↔ OS ↔ Applications ↔ Users (↔ = 'uses') OS is: ◦ Resource allocator: decides between conflicting requests for efficient and fair resource use ◦ Control program: controls execution of programs to prevent errors and improper use of computer Kernel: the one program running at all times on the computer Bootstrap program: loaded at power-up or reboot ◦ Stored in ROM or EPROM (known as firmware), Initializes all aspects of system, loads OS kernel and starts execution I/O and CPU can execute concurrently Device controllers inform CPU that it is finished w/ operation by causing an interrupt ◦ Interrupt transfers control to the interrupt service routine generally, through the interrupt vector, which contains the addresses of all the service routines ◦ Incoming interrupts are disabled while another interrupt is being processed ◦ Trap is a software generated interrupt caused by error or user request ◦ OS determines which...
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...Flow 7 Opening Statement 9 Step-by-Step Walkthrough 10 Segment #1: Scaling-Up Windows Azure Applications using a Single Instance 10 Segment #2: Scaling-Out Windows Azure Applications using Multiple instances 17 Summary 24 * Overview This demo highlights how to scale-up Web Applications on Windows Azure, using the .NET Task Parallel Library (TPL) classes from .NET Framework 4.0. This library efficiently utilizes multiple processors within Windows Azure roles, where the size of the Virtual Machine instance is greater than Small (i.e. where there are multiple processors available). Additionally, the demo shows how to scale-out applications taking advantage of Technical Computing across multiple role instances, using a Job scheduling algorithm. The work is distributed to all the available instances, maximizing the CPU processing of each. Travelling Salesman demo is using a “genetic” algorithm to quickly solve the problem that would ordinarily require very many conventional interactions to solve. The problem and its real–life applications are widely documented (for example, see http://www.tsp.gatech.edu/index.html). The algorithm used in this demo was taken from http://www.heatonresearch.com/online/introduction–neural–networks–cs–edition–2/chapter–6 which explains that the number of steps to solve a problem with N cities is N! (N factorial) (N * (N–1) * (N–2) *… * 2 * 1): Number of Cities | Number of Steps | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 24 | 5 | 120 | ...
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...IM/IT Governance and Decision Rights Give five different examples of simple systems and include the input(s), conversion process, and output(s)? Ensure that there is some feedback between your examples. Appointment –scheduling process of an ambulatory care center as a simple system. Inputs to the system consist, of appointment request from patients; physician schedules; and clinic resources, including personnel, set of actions; the scheduling clerks collect information from patents, match patient requirements to available time slots, and make appointment. Output of this simple system becomes the input for several other functional systems of the clinic, such as, medical records, patient accounting, and others. The conversion process includes a set of actions; scheduling clerks collect information from patients, match requirements to available time slots, and make appointments. The feedback will occur in the form of adjusted information on the number of time slot available as patients are scheduled for the clinic. (Austin and Boxerman’s, 2007). Admission- the admissions representative works in a team environment to facilitate admissions recruitment and the registration processes for that specific ambulatory care center. This position requires heavy outbound call volume, appointment scheduling, and handling of telephone, mail-in, walk-in, and internet-based (Alpine-college, 2009). The output for this simple system also becomes the input for several other functional systems...
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...model and an associated implementation for processing and generating large data sets. Users specify a map function that processes a key/value pair to generate a set of intermediate key/value pairs, and a reduce function that merges all intermediate values associated with the same intermediate key. Many real world tasks are expressible in this model, as shown in the paper. Programs written in this functional style are automatically parallelized and executed on a large cluster of commodity machines. The run-time system takes care of the details of partitioning the input data, scheduling the program’s execution across a set of machines, handling machine failures, and managing the required inter-machine communication. This allows programmers without any experience with parallel and distributed systems to easily utilize the resources of a large distributed system. Our implementation of MapReduce runs on a large cluster of commodity machines and is highly scalable: a typical MapReduce computation processes many terabytes of data on thousands of machines. Programmers find the system easy to use: hundreds of MapReduce programs have been implemented and upwards of one thousand MapReduce jobs are executed on Google’s clusters every day. 1 Introduction Over the past five years, the authors and many others at Google have implemented hundreds of special-purpose computations that process large amounts of raw data, such as crawled documents, web request logs, etc., to compute various kinds...
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...Value Stream Mapping 1 Value Stream Mapping Definition • Value Stream Mapping (VSM): – Special type of flow chart that uses symbols known as "the language of Lean" to depict and improve the flow of inventory and information. 2 Value Stream Mapping Purpose • Provide optimum value to the customer through a complete value creation process with minimum waste in: – Design (concept to customer) – Build (order to delivery) – Sustain (in-use through life cycle to service) 3 Why ? • Many organizations pursuing “lean” conversions have realized that improvement events alone are not enough • Improvement events create localized improvements, value stream mapping & analysis strengthens the gains by providing vision and plans that connect all improvement activities • Value stream mapping & analysis is a tool that allows you to see waste, and plan to eliminate it 4 What Is Value? • A capability provided to a customer – of the highest quality, – at the right time, – at an appropriate price, as defined by the customer. • "Value" is what the customer is buying 5 What Is Value Stream Analysis? Planning tool to optimize results of eliminating waste current state VSM future state VSM + + Lean Basics = 6 Value Steam Mapping Steps Next Future State Future State Current State Original State 7 Apply Five Simple Principles • Specify value from the standpoint of end customer • Identify the value stream for each product...
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...functional systems within an organization are human resources, accounting and finance, sales and marketing, operations, and manufacturing. Within these functions information systems play a various roles, such as in human resources, information system duties may include recruiting and training while in operations some duties may include order management and customer service. In other words business processesses are the ways in which organizations perform different tasks. Therefore it is very important to analyze business processes in order to determine how the information system can support that process. Current Business Operations The business processes in my organization operate mainly from a functional perspective. Our business opration is global fields service that upgrading computer hardware and computer networking equipment which major group fuctions include surveys, scheduling, configuring, shipping, and installation. Basically an FSO will conduct a site survey and determine the...
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...articles, complete reference) The four things that a service Business must get right HBR Article , Bang & Olufsen Design Driven Innovation : HBR , Smart Product Design : HBR , Mishina, Kazuhiro. Toyota Motor Manufacturing, U.S.A., Inc. HBS Case No. 9-693-019. Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, 1995. , Hammond, Janice H. Barilla SpA (A). HBS Case No. 9-694-046. Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, 1994. , Latour, Almar. Nokia Handles Supply Shock with Aplomb as Ericsson of Sweden Gets Burned. The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, Inc., 2001. , National Cranberry Cooperative HBS #688122. From Case Map , John Crane UK Ltd Case : The CAD CAM Link . HBS #691021,24p , To Move or not to Move .Case of Cathay Pacific Airways . University of Hong Kong HBS #HKU003,22p , Note on Quality: The Views of Deming, Juran, and Crosby HBS .687011 , Process Control at Polaroid , HBS, #693047 , LL Bean Item Forecasting and Inventory Management HBS, #893003, 5p , Johson Control Automotive Systems , HBS,#69308623p , Title Operations Management Concepts, Techniques & Applications Operations Management Author Evans & Collier Edition 1st Year Publisher Name Cengage Learning Tata McGraw Hill Author Norman Gaither,Greg Frazier Edition 9th Year Publisher Name Cengage Learning William Stevenson Taylor 8th Relevant Websites Sr No RW-1 RW-2 (Web address) (only if relevant to the course) "www.apics.org " "www.asq.org "...
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...Value Stream Mapping 1 Value Stream Mapping Definition • Value Stream Mapping (VSM): – Special type of flow chart that uses symbols known as "the language of Lean" to depict and improve the flow of inventory and information. 2 Value Stream Mapping Purpose • Provide optimum value to the customer through a complete value creation process with minimum waste in: – Design (concept to customer) – Build (order to delivery) – Sustain (in-use through life cycle to service) 3 Why ? • Many organizations pursuing “lean” conversions have realized that improvement events alone are not enough • Improvement events create localized improvements, value stream mapping & analysis strengthens the gains by providing vision and plans that connect all improvement activities • Value stream mapping & analysis is a tool that allows you to see waste, and plan to eliminate it 4 What Is Value? • A capability provided to a customer – of the highest quality, – at the right time, – at an appropriate price, as defined by the customer. • "Value" is what the customer is buying 5 What Is Value Stream Analysis? Planning tool to optimize results of eliminating waste current state VSM future state VSM + + Lean Basics = 6 Value Steam Mapping Steps Next Future State Future State Current State Original State 7 Apply Five Simple Principles • Specify value from the standpoint of end customer • Identify the value stream for each product...
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...Business & IT Expertise Network Focus Study / Bench Marking SCM(4) : Á¦»ïÀÚ¹°·ù ¹× ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼Ò°³ À̺ÀÃá »ï¼º SDS, e-Biz Consulting ÆÀ Â÷ ¸ñ 1. Á¦»ïÀÚ¹°·ù (Third Party Logistics) 1.1 Supply Chain Management ÀÇ º¯È1.2 °í°´ÀÇ ¿ä±¸ & Third Party ÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ 1.3 Third Party Logistics ½ÃÀåÀÇ °-Á¡ ¹× ¾àÁ¡ 1.4 Á¢±Ù¹æ¹ý°ú ¼º°ø ¿ä¼Ò (Àü·«Àû Á¦ÈÞ) 2. SCM ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼Ò°³ 2.1 SCM Vendor Map 2.2 Gartner Group Magic Quadrant Evaluation Criteria 2.3 Numetrix Ltd 2.4 i2 Technologies 2.5 SAP 2.6 Manugistics 2.7 People Soft 2.8 Advanced Planning Systems. Inc (APSI) 2.9 Chesapeake Decision Sciences 2.10 CAPS Logistics, Inc. 2.11 ProModel 2.12 IMI ( Industri-Matematik International ) 2.13 Aspect Development º» ÀÚ·á¿¡¼-´Â Á¦»ïÀÚ¹°·ù¸¦ °£·«È÷ »ìÆ캸°í, SCM ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ´ëÇؼ- ÁßÁ¡ÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù ¿ø°¡ Àý°¨,À¯¿¬¼º ÁõÁø, »õ·Î¿î Á¦Ç°, ä³Î, ¼-ºñ½º Á¦°ø¿¡ µû¸¥ À§Çè °¨¼Ò µîÀÇ °í°´ ¿ä±¸¸¦ ¸¸Á·½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇØ Á¦»ïÀÚ¹°·ù(Third Party Logistics)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °í·Á°¡ ´Ã¾î³ª°í ÀÖ´Ù. º» ÀÚ·á¿¡¼-´Â Á¦»ïÀÚ¹°·ùÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ, °-¾àÁ¡, KSF µîÀ» °£·«È÷ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, SCM Vendor Map °ú Gartner Group Magic Quadrant Evaluation Criteria À» °£·«È÷ »ìÆ캸°í, Numetrix Ltd, i2 Technologies, SAP, Manugistics, People Soft, Advanced Planning Systems. Inc (APSI), Chesapeake Decision Sciences, CAPS, Logistics, Inc., ProModel, IMI ( Industri-Matematik International), Aspect Development µî¿¡¼- Á¦°øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â SCM ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ´ëÇؼ- ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù. ÁÖÁ¦¿µ¿ª SCM, ¹°·ùÀ¯Åë, KSF PAGE 1 Copyright © 2000 BizSpectrum. All Rights Reserved. º» ÀÚ·áÀÇ...
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...Even though a balanced scorecard is a critical foundation in helping organizations articulate strategic actionable terms, it also provides a road-map for the strategic execution of those objectives. These objectives link the company's long-term tangible goals resulting from the company's vision, mission, and values. The balanced scorecard is a performance management tool used for aligning management and employees in making strategy a continual process (Pearce, & Robinson, 2009). In developing the balanced scorecard for Animal Behavioral Consulting and Training (ABC Training), the following strategic objectives were set up as strategic objectives for the company to use. Taken into consideration were the financial, customer value, processes, and employee growth and learning objectives (See Appendix A for Balanced Scorecard). Financial Objectives In determining the company’s financial objectives, it was important to reflect on demand and competition within the business, as evaluated in the SWOT analysis. The first strategic objective found within the organization's financial perspective is to increase the organization's market share. This magnitude of this objective gains its value as the percentage increase in market share grows after adding two trainers per market. Measuring the percentages will assist the organization in determining if they have attained their vision, which involves annual increase of 2% in the market share. The strategic objective of increasing profit...
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