...Value stream mapping in fast food restaurants Imran Khan Afridi1, Asim Khan1 1 Nust Business School, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan (1imranafridi@live.com 1asim_3mba@yahoo.com) Abstract - The aim of this paper is to present that how Value stream mapping (VSM) can be applied to restaurant industry and especially fast food sector. The purpose was to identify wastes and how these can be reduced and/or eliminated by the help of value stream. A case study in Pakistan based restaurant has been carried out to illustrate this. A current state value stream map has been developed. Value stream map highlights opportunities to improve wastes and problems along the restaurant supply chain. Results indicated a non value adding steps of 29% at the processing. Value stream can be readily applied to restaurant industry. Keywords – Value stream mapping, Restaurants, Pakistan I. INTRODUCTION Lean manufacturing organization will think more on its customers rather than about running machinery to maximize capacity in order to cover labor and overhead costs. A study by [1] indicates that lean manufacturing can result in a 50% reduction of human effort, tools investment and manufacturing space. This paper will examine how time and cost reductions can be made along the restaurant supply chain in the restaurant industry by the help of Value stream mapping to analyze the processes involving in the making and identifying key areas of waste and probable solutions to overcome these. Value stream mapping...
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...present that how Value stream mapping (VSM) can be applied to restaurant industry and especially fast food sector. The purpose was to identify wastes and how these can be reduced and/or eliminated by the help of value stream. A case study in Pakistan based restaurant has been carried out to illustrate this. A current state value stream map has been developed. Value stream map highlights opportunities to improve wastes and problems along the restaurant supply chain. Results indicated a non value adding steps of 29% at the processing. Value stream can be readily applied to restaurant industry. Keywords – Value stream mapping, Restaurants, Pakistan I. INTRODUCTION The concept of fast food goes back half a century, yet has found its way into the Pakistani market only a decade or so back. With the introduction of many foreign brands finding their way into the country, in the late nineties, the Pakistani market has finally become accustomed to manufacturing and providing service in such a way that goes around the wholesome fast paced scenario. As time has passed, Pakistani restaurants have picked up the technique to play alongside the foreign players. Now we can see that many local brands have established their image on the fact that they provide not only locally designed food, enveloping the fast food concept. Hence we can say that fast food has evolved and redesigned the whole Pakistani restaurant market. In the past five years or more restaurant industry has out-performed...
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...present that how Value stream mapping (VSM) can be applied to restaurant industry and especially fast food sector. The purpose was to identify wastes and how these can be reduced and/or eliminated by the help of value stream. A case study in Pakistan based restaurant has been carried out to illustrate this. A current state value stream map has been developed. Value stream map highlights opportunities to improve wastes and problems along the restaurant supply chain. Results indicated a non value adding steps of 29% at the processing. Value stream can be readily applied to restaurant industry. Keywords – Value stream mapping, Restaurants, Pakistan I. INTRODUCTION The concept of fast food goes back half a century, yet has found its way into the Pakistani market only a decade or so back. With the introduction of many foreign brands finding their way into the country, in the late nineties, the Pakistani market has finally become accustomed to manufacturing and providing service in such a way that goes around the wholesome fast paced scenario. As time has passed, Pakistani restaurants have picked up the technique to play alongside the foreign players. Now we can see that many local brands have established their image on the fact that they provide not only locally designed food, enveloping the fast food concept. Hence we can say that fast food has evolved and redesigned the whole Pakistani restaurant market. In the past five years or more restaurant industry has out-performed...
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...Gomes de Carvalho MSE 507 Prof. Scott Wainess Date 10-08-14 Table of Contents 1. The Lean Implementation 2. The Five Principles of Lean a. Specifying Customer Value b. Identifying the Value Stream c. Making the Value Stream Flow d. Implementing Customer Pull e. Pursuing Perfection 3. Insights and Conclusions 4. Appendix The Lean Implementation As we have studied, lean manufacturing is one of the initiatives that many major businesses in the world have been trying to adopt in order to remain competitive in an increasingly global market. The focus of this approach is on cost reduction by eliminating non value added activities. Applications of lean manufacturing have been less common in the continuous / process sector, in part because of a perception that this sector is less amenable to many lean techniques, and in part because of the lack of documented applications. This has caused managers to be reluctant to commit to the improvement program. The chosen article for this case study takes a case based approach to address both issues. It describes a case in which lean principles were adapted for the continuous / process sector for application at a large integrated steel mill. Value stream mapping was the main tool used to identify the opportunities for various lean techniques. The article also describes a simulation model that was developed to contrast the ‘‘before’’ and ‘‘after’’...
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...has been widely accepted in automobile industry. However, acceptance of lean technology in the process industries (steel sector) have been much slower [3]-[4]. For removing the obstacles like resource complexity, the idea of the point of discretization for the process industry has been explained by Abdulmalek et al. (2006). This notion is based on the fact that in production flow route...
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...The driving force behind this need is customers who will expect short lead times for products and want their quick delivery. The trend of quick-response, no-excuses delivery has put many manufacturers in the uncomfortable position of having to conform or lose business to a competitor who has developed short cycle time capabilities. Industries are adopting new tools and techniques to produce goods to compete and survive in the market. The most daunting issue faced by manufacturers today is how to deliver their products or materials quickly at low...
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...eventually reduce the cost of services and products, thus growing more profits. Waste: Waste can be defined as a substance or a thing that is no longer useful in a process. Waste is in fact anything that adds cost, but not value to a product. Toyota executive Taiichi Ohno identified seven types of wastes in manufacturing system, namely: Overproduction- It is considered to be the worst of the wastes, as it multiplies the other 6 wastes and hides your true capability, thereby causing you to make bad decisions such as turn work away or invest in unnecessary additional capacity. Defects- It is also pure waste as poor quality is produced. Time, energy and materials are consumed needlessly, and even if the customer is not lost, you still need to do the work again. Inventory- It is the worst of all the 7 wastes. It ties up cash, requires labor, energy and fixed assets to manage it, and moreover it provides a false sense of comfort by hiding problems. Motion- In terms of ease of elimination and size of improvement impact, the waste of motion ranks very high and is often the target of kaizen. Process- It means that a process is not necessary or uses more resources then the customers need require. Transportation- It is quite visible and clearly adds no value, yet by itself not such a huge waste. This waste can shoot up the priority list whenever it increases the...
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...Content Part A1 Network Diagram: AoA or AoN? 1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………….…. 2 2. Comparison Between AoA and AoN …………………………………….……….. 2 3. Network Diagrams with Educational Oriented Discussion …………….…………. 3 4. Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………… 4 Part A2 The machine tool overhaul project Network diagram …………………………………………………………………….. 5 Part B Lean Concept: Value Stream Mapping (VSM) 1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………..… 5 2. What is Value Stream Mapping ……………...…………………...………………. 5 3. Why Choose VSM and What Are The Benefits ……….…………………...…….. 6 4. Criticism of VSM …………………………………………………………………. 6 5. Conclusion ………………………………………………………………...………. 7 Reference …………………………………………………………………………….. 8 Part A1 Network Diagram: AoA or AoN? 1. Introduction The network diagram provides project managers with information about how the tasks are connected, how long will each task takes and shows all the tasks in the sequential or concurrent way (Taylor, 2008). There are two common methods for constructing network diagrams which are activity-on-arrow (AoA) and activity-on-node (AoN). However, these two methods have some fundamental differences and in practice, the question that which is better, has been asked on many occasions. Hence, this part of essay will analyze the differences between AoA and AoN and carry out some research that why they are different. In addition, these two choices of network diagrams will be illustrated under the academic...
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...APPLICATION OF VALUE STREAM MAPPING AS A METHOD TO REDUCE CYCLE TIME TO SUPPORT LEAN MANUFACTURING SYSTEM AHMAD NUR AIZAT BIN AHMAD A project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Master of Engineering (Manufacturing) Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia APRIL 2011 V ABSTRACT In the manufacturing industry, lean manufacturing becomes popular as a beneficial way in the pursuit of better system efficiencies. The purposes of this study were to identify waste using lean manufacturing technique, determine causes to the waste through the value stream mapping method and to propose solution to improve workplace environment. Asian Composite Manufacturing Sdn. Bhd. (ACM) has been chosen as the company to conduct case study for this research. ACM is a joint venture company based in Bukit Kayu Hitam, Kedah, Malaysia owned equally by The Boeing Company and Hexcel Corporation. The business of the joint venture is the manufacturer of flat and contoured primary (Aileron skins, spoilers and spars) and secondary ( flat panels, leading edge, trailing edge and MISC component) structure composite bond assemblies and sub-assemblies for aerospace industries. There are some waste activities identified during observation including unnecessary transportation, excessive motions, inventories and waiting. In order to reduce this waste, some of lean manufacturing...
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...February 29, 2012 Summary Lean manufacturing can add significantly value to an organization by streamlining processes through the identification and elimination of muda or waste. Introduced by Toyota, Lean is more than just a tool, but a philosophy that needs to be adopted and incorporated into the culture of the organization. It is very important that the organization can see that leadership have bought in to the approach and are willing to support Lean. Numerous examples exist that demonstrate failed attempts at implementing Lean. It is important that organizations appreciate that they cannot simply wake up one day and choose to introduce Lean. It took Toyota many years to develop their culture into one of continuous improvement. For organizations that are new to Lean, the effort required will be significant in order to realize the true value associated with Lean principles. Poor planning will almost certainly result in disappointment and leave a strong negative association with any future Lean attempts along with a big investment with little to no return. With a focus on continuous improvement and continuous flow, manufacturing based on pull rather than push demand will assist organizations in becoming Lean. While Lean is a long journey, it can be one that returns significant value to an organization. What follows is a view of the history of Lean, some of the tools such as Value Stream Mapping, Kaizen, etc, along with the expected benefits, potential barriers, critical...
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...It has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses/ Dissertations/Professional Papers/Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact marianne.buehler@unlv.edu. 1 Lean and Six Sigma in Hospitality Organizations: Benefits, Challenges, and Implementation. By Justin M. Lancaster Masters of Science University of Nevada Las Vegas 2011 A professional paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Hotel Administration William F. Harrah College of Hotel Administration Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas December 2011 Chair: Dr. Robert Woods 2 PART ONE Introduction The hospitality industry has perhaps been hit harder than any other industry in this current recession. People have less discretionary income and as a result are not traveling as often and spending as much when they do. Resort companies like MGM and Caesars Entertainment have accrued immense amounts of long-term debt over the past ten years to fuel the great expansion of resorts in markets like Las...
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...1Part A1 1. Introduction Contemporary projects varying from putting a human onto the moon to constructing a residential shopping center are astoundingly sizable, costly and complex. Managing such projects to ensure on time delivery while within the budget limitation is not an easy task. The complication of such projects arises when there exists large interdependence of activities (Taylor 2012:17). Particularly, certain activity may have one or more predecessors, in which it requires completion of other activities upon initiating (ibid). In dealing with such projects consisting of substantial dependency relations, managers seek to determine the most effective method of graphical process representation. This paper will first introduce the two forms of network diagram: Activity on the Arc and Activity on the Nodes. Following which, comparison and contrast based on their flexibility and effectiveness are carried out to determined the optimal method for project managers. 2. The Network Diagrams The network diagram is a useful tool for graphical representation of precedence association between the activities in a project (Larson & Gray, 2011:158). In an activity on the arc network diagram, an arrow is used to represent each activity, which is referred to as an arc (Anderson et. al, 2012:585). A circle called node is used to indicate the start and end of each activity (ibid). The node is often referred to in conjunction with the term event, which represents the finishing...
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...MSRSAS - Postgraduate Engineering and Management Programme - PEMP
Module Code Module Name Course Department
EMM515 Lean Operations and Management of Lean Organizations M.Sc. in Engineering and Manufacturing Management Mechanical and Manufacturing Engg .
Name of the Student Reg. No Batch Module Leader
Liju G BUB0912004 Full-Time 2012. SANDEEP. N
M.S.Ramaiah School of Advanced Studies
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...The Emerald Research Register for this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/researchregister The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0144-3577.htm IJOPM 24,10 Learning to evolve A review of contemporary lean thinking Peter Hines, Matthias Holweg and Nick Rich Lean Enterprise Research Centre, Cardiff Business School, Cardiff, UK Keywords Lean production, Learning organizations Abstract The application of lean thinking has made a significant impact both in academic and industrial circles over the last decade. Fostered by a rapid spread into many other industry sectors beyond the automotive industry, there has been a significant development and “localisation” of the lean concept. Despite successful “lean” applications in a range of settings however, the lean approach has been criticised on many accounts, such as the lack of human integration or its limited applicability outside high-volume repetitive manufacturing environments. The resulting lack of definition has led to confusion and fuzzy boundaries with other management concepts. Summarising the lean evolution, this paper comments on approaches that have sought to address some of the earlier gaps in lean thinking. Linking the evolution of lean thinking to the contingency and learning organisation schools of thought, the objective of this paper is to provide a framework for understanding the evolution of lean not only as a concept, but also its implementation...
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...needed while undertaking such a strenuous task. I feel extremely fortunate that I had Mr/Ms Xxxx as my project leader and cannot thank him/her more for the unstinted encouragement I had received throughout this period. If his/her suggestions that resulted in necessary and timely course corrections were not there, I doubt very much whether this project would have at all seen the light of the day, let alone being successfully completed within the deadline. ABSTRACT The word that is most significant in Lean Manufacturing process is ‘lean’ which literally means a body or a system that does not have any unnecessary or avoidable flab or float. Such flab or float exists in manufacturing systems and are manifested through unnecessary or nil value movements or costs that do not add to the final worth of the finished product but increase total cost of production. The requirement of such a stringent approach to production process arose immediately after the Second World War especially in Japan which was facing a critical situation with most of its production facilities destroyed by Allied bombing and social infrastructure in total shambles following its ignominious defeat. The...
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