...clone animals that have gone extinct. Jurassic Park is a movie series based on what happens when a scientist did manage to clone these extinct creatures. The DNA of a woolly mammoth has recently been found, and now the discussion of cloning has been back in the media. This has become an important topic that society needs to think about now that technology has continued to advance. Bringing back extinct creatures could become a reality, not just science fiction. Animals that have gone extinct need to stay that way, scientists need to stop focusing our time and money trying to bring them back. It is costing too much money, ignoring other major problems, and not taking into account the diseases these creatures...
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...cell nuclear transfer is when a somatic cell is isolated from an adult female organism, and then the nucleus and all of its DNA is removed from an egg cell (What). That DNA and nucleus is replaced by the nucleus from the somatic cell (What). This creates a freshly fertilized egg which develops into an embryo and is placed inside of a surrogate mother(What). I think cloning is bad for a few main reasons. Scientists have observed that most cloned organisms are born with defects and...
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...De-extinction or not? The ethical dilemmas of cloning extinct species have been a...
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...---------------------- p. 4 Stem Cell Technology------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ p. 5 Position Paper------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p. 6-7 Bibliography-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p. 8-10 Evaluation Rubric----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p. 7 DNA Fingerprinting DNA fingerprinting are tests that help to identify and analyze a person’s DNA. The term “fingerprinting” is used because finger prints, like DNA, vary from person to person and no two people have the same DNA or fingerprints. So, when scientists identify a person’s DNA, it can only be linked back to one individual and can help to obtain information about that specific individual. DNA fingerprinting can be done through many different ways. Some ways are through blood samples from a vein or heel, saliva samples, skin samples, or hair samples. The purpose of DNA fingerprinting is to help link family members together, find things that cause diseases, to help aid in crime scene investigations, and to identify the deceased. The Pros of this technology are that it can help to bring justice to victims in a criminal case through identifying the guilty party and can help to identify diseases so that they can better be prevented. Cons to the technology are that mistakes might be made and...
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...Prof. Anderson Aug 7, 2010 Attack of the Clones I recall sitting around the dinner table with my family as a teenager and engaging in riveting debates about the numerous possibilities cloning had for our world. In recent years, due to sports injuries and other battle wounds, these possibilities have become increasingly personal for me, even as the technology and the debates have rapidly advanced. It seems that since the discovery of fire humanity has attempted to imitate and manipulate phenomena that nature has had billions of years to develop and perfect. Cloning is a perfect example of such attempts. In nature, cloning is the process by which genetically identical organisms are produced by way of asexual reproduction. With some success, scientists have been working on ways to reproduce this phenomenon through biotechnology, in a laboratory setting. In biotechnology, cloning refers to the process used to create copies of DNA, cells, or entire organisms. Each of these forms of cloning will be described in this paper, which will then explore the issues surrounding cloning from biological, technological and public health standpoints. Molecular cloning, or DNA cloning, is the process of making multiple copies of an isolated sequence of DNA fragments (Strachan & Read, 1999). This form of cloning is most often used in biological research, but is also used in more practical applications such as genetic profiling and protein production. In practice, techniques such as this are often used ...
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...are used as probes for detecting specific genes that may be present in complex mixtures of DNA. Cloned genes also make it easier to study the proteins they encode. Because the genetic code of bacteria is identical to that of eukaryotes, a cloned animal or plant gene that has been introduced into a bacterium can often direct the bacterium to produce its protein product, which can then be purified and used for biochemical experimentation. Cloned genes can also be used for DNA sequencing, which is the determination of the precise order of all the base pairs in the gene. All of these applications require many copies of the DNA molecule that is being studied. Gene cloning also enables scientists to manipulate and study genes in isolation from the organism they came from. This allows researchers to conduct many experiments that would be impossible without cloned genes. For research on humans, this is clearly a major advantage, as direct experimentation on humans has many technical, financial, and ethical limitations. Importance for Medicine and Industry The ability to clone a gene is not only valuable for conducting biological research. Many important pharmaceutical drugs and industrial enzymes are produced from cloned genes. For example, insulin, clotting factors, human growth hormone, cytokines (cell growth stimulants), and several anticancer drugs in use are produced from cloned genes. Before the advent of gene cloning, these proteins had to be purified from their natural tissue...
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...substitute for selective breeding. Selective breeding, which is breeding animals with desirable characteristics to produce offspring with those characteristics,...
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...controversial topics around the world today is human cloning. Knowledge rush defined cloning as “the creation of a genetically identical copy of an existing human or growing cloned tissue from that individual.” Human cloning is also referred to as artificial human cloning. Cloning efforts date back to the 1800s with the attempts to clone sea urchins and frogs. As of today, human cloning has not been perfected or deemed safe. Human cloning should not be legalized due to the high possibility of wiping out the entire population, overcrowding the entire population and the many ethical and medical issues. More advanced research, studies and experiments are needed before human cloning can become a reality. Then we have therapeutic and reproductive cloning. Therapeutic cloning is defined by med terms as “a procedure when cells (typically from the skin), are taken from patients and then inserted into a fertilized egg whose nucleus has been removed.” The stem cells that are extracted are used to grow tissue that could possibly be a genetic match and treat disorders like diabetes, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Keep in mind that this is not 100% accurate and that it’s a big part of the bioethical controversy. Developing cures is a huge one. The effort to find cures for illnesses will become extinct because every scientist and doctor will be too focused on cloning and looking out for themselves. Then the issue comes up about the stem cells and the possibility of mutating or being rejected...
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...Cloning in Society Cloning technology is already here, is being present since 1952 when the first known animals to be cloned were northern leopard tadpoles by Robert Briggs and Thomas J. Kings. Cloning came into the spotlight when Dolly the sheep became the most famous sheep in the word in 1996. Researchers declared it the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell. Cloning will have a major impact in society future years to come. In this paper I will discuss 3 major changes that cloning might have in 20 years. With cloning we will have longer life expectancies. In this day and age we have 123, 382 people waiting for an organ transplant. It takes 1 donor to save up to 8 lives. With cloning all this people wouldn’t have to wait for years for the possibility of getting an organ transplant. Also the organ has to be the same blood type as the receiver. Even with that the new organ will be rejected do to the white blood cells considering it a foreign object and harmful to the body. With cloning scientist would be able to create the exact copy of the organ the patients’ needs from his own cells. Therefore the white blood cells would not consider it foreign or harmful and the transplant would not run the risk of failing. We could have faster and more successful recoveries from traumatic injuries. From the professional athlete who tears their ACL to the person who becomes a quadriplegic because of a devastating automobile accident, recovery times could be lowered and...
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...himself to do homework while he goes out with his friends. Now we have the technology to make this wish come true. Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another. A) Some of the reasons people give to justify cloning are medical purposes, reviving endangered or extinct species, reproducing deceased pet and finally cloning humans. B) Whatever the benefits of human cloning are, I believe that there are serious risks which could even endanger the life of human kind. Therefore human cloning should not be allowed. o There are several arguments against cloning A) One is “the health risks from mutation of genes” 1) An abnormal baby would be a nightmare come true. A particular worry is that the genes used from an adult to create a baby would continue to grow, so that on the day of birth, the genes would be as old as the adult. But many attempts at animal cloning produced disfigured monsters. For example this is a cloned calf which was born in this way and died after a while. This is a mouse with an ear on its back, created by scientists. 2) However, some abnormalities may appear long after the birth. Even if a few cloned babies are born apparently normal we will have to wait up to twenty years to be sure they are not going to have problems later – for example growing old too fast. B) There are also emotional and ethical risks 1) What happens when a woman clones herself and the clone grows up and finds...
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...Some argue that this process can decrease or even eliminate many serious genetic diseases. However, others also argue that bad medical conditions may also be passed onto the new organism that came from the original organism. A common claim is that it is unnatural, but this argument rests on nature being good. Scientists argue that diseases, illnesses, and premature death are also a part of nature, making it not perfectly good. Others also say that this does not consider the consent of future generations, but neither does normal sexual reproduction since genetic makeup is random anyway. • Personal Opinion Genetic engineering for plants and animals is an innovative idea to get rid of disorders from these organisms. Although, performing this process in humans for medical purposes may be helpful, it should not be used for personal preferences. If one wishes to perform genetic engineering because he or she prefers someone to have different coloured hair or any other miscellaneous characteristics, it should be discouraged because this is close to playing with divine control and goes askew with morals. The research for genetic engineering should be continued, but it should be under strict watch and have limits....
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...tail to the tip of the nose, and 26 to 31 inches tall at shoulder height. Average weight is between 50 to 80 pounds. They tend to hunt alone or in small packs of 5 to 8 individuals; often the individuals are the pups from the breeding pair. The breeding pair or alpha male and female are likely to mate for life. The gestation period for the red wolves is 60 to 63 days, mating season is late winter and the litter size varies from 2 to 8 pups. Only having one litter a year could be seen as a problem but there is nothing that can be done to change that. Their diet consists mainly of small animals such as raccoons, rabbits, rodents, and at times they are also known to eat deer, insects and berries. The lack of food supply is a major contributor for why they are endangered. With hunting season in many of the states that were once the home of the red wolves, of the majority of the animals that they feed on, at the same time as their mating season; the lack of food hinders the ability for them to...
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...Political and legal influences (Mark Young) (Not Complete) 5. Economic questions and considerations (Jawad Rana)………………………………….…… 21 6. The technology in its cultural context, media influence (Charles Taiwo) (Not Complete) 7. Implications for the environment (Charles Taiwo) (Not Complete) 8. Moral and ethical implications (Layli Stroia) ……………………………………………………..… 30 Outline A brief description of the technology and an explanation of the associated science Definition: What is Genetic Engineering? Genetic engineering (GE) is the process of manipulation of an organism genome to create a new DNA. The new DNA might be implanted in a totally different DNA species. It is widely used to create hybrids (some species are not able to naturally breed), correct genetic flows in any type of being. It is applied in fields such as agriculture, industrial, medicine and pharmaceutical. (Aldridge, 1996). As Primrose explained, gene manipulation involves the creation and cloning of artificially created DNA (recombinant DNA) that provides with DNA sequences not found in nature. This created DNA is introduced in a host living cell. “…genetic engineering is a 'cut, paste, and copy' operation. The gene...
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...applications to date have concentrated on reducing costs for producers without direct consumer benefits. In particular, it has been a tactical error of the industry to concentrate on pesticide-resistance as one of the earliest applications, as this has stimulated environmental concerns. The public often confuses the industry with the science. And consumers worry about risk, not about scientific freedom.Scientists in both the private and public sectors clearly see genetic modification as a major new set of tools. They are also participants and spectators in a major shift of research from the public to the private sector, which will undoubtedly influence the future direction ofresearch and research investment. As shareholders in the GMO debate, scientists must recognize that...
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...[pic] AQA GCSE Science A Biology Summary Notes B 1 1.1 Keeping Healthy Balanced Diet A healthy diet contains the right balance of different foods. A healthy diet contains the right amount of energy. It will provide carbohydrates for energy. It will provide fat for energy and insulation. It will provide protein for growth and repair. It will provide vitamins and minerals to help our bodies function well. It will provide fibre to ensure food moves through our digestive systems efficiently. It will provide water, which is essential for all body processes. If a diet is unbalanced a person is malnourished. This can lead to being too thin or fat and to deficiency diseases. Balancing the energy If you use more calories than you eat you will lose weight. If you use less calories than eat you will gain weight. Doing exercise uses up lots of calories. The effect of exercise on health Regular exercise keeps you healthy. It maintains a good metabolic rate. It requires energy so uses lots of calories. If they are not used up they are stored possibly as fat. Metabolic rate The rate at which chemical reactions happen in the cells of your body. One major metabolic reaction is respiration. This releases energy from the food we eat. Inherited factors affect metabolic rate: Some people inherit genes that give them a higher or lower metabolic rate than others. The higher the proportion of muscle to fat in your body, the higher you...
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