...large corporations will go elsewhere to conduct their business. America is already the second most expensive place to do business. I think America is still considered by most to be a capitalist country. We have certainly headed down the road to socialism in the past decades. In a true lassiez faire capitalist society, there are no provisions for the weak or the elderly. There do need to be some social programs, such as welfare, food stamps, and basic services.... that's part of being a civilized society. Even access to basic health care needs to be protected by government, but that's as far as that should go and those things should be made the responsibility of local and state politicians, where we can really get to know our representatives and they can really get to know the people and problems of the state. So, you can see that as a shift toward socialism if you like, but I see it as a move toward...
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...Discussion questions 1. Pick a recent news article that focuses on some international or global problem, and give examples of how and where states, markets, and societies interact and at times conflict with one another. How hard is it to determine the analytical boundaries between the state, market, and society in this case? ONU se reúne tras supuesto uso de armas químicas Los estados interactúan ya que son los encargados de mantener la seguridad de cada país, por eso acuden a las organizaciones que se ocupan de este tipo de asuntos. Los mercados pueden verse afectados por las consecuencias de este tipo de ataques y estos dos se implica la sociedad ya que es la afectada de lo que resulte esta situación. Es fácil distinguir los límites de cada parte en este tema ya que el que tiene la mayor responsabilidad es el estado. 2. Review the basic elements and features of the IPE approach: the three main theoretical perspectives, the four structures, the levels of analysis, and the types of power. Which ones do you feel you understand well and which ones need more work? Los niveles Individual y el de los estados son los más fáciles de comprender ya que se pueden estudiar sin tanto conflicto, pero el sistema internacional: el conflicto internacional a veces es causado por la naturaleza conflictiva del hombre. 3. Define and outline the major features of globalization. Explain the connection between economic liberal ideas and globalization. Which of the three IPE...
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...Big Business Corporatism Versus Free Market Capitalism Right now, there is a lot of talk about the evils of “capitalism”. But it is not really accurate to say that we live in a capitalist system. Rather, what we have in the United States today, and what most of the world is living under, is much more accurately described as “corporatism”. Under corporatism, most wealth and power is concentrated in the hands of giant corporations and big government is used as a tool by these corporations to consolidate wealth and power even further. In a corporatist system, the wealth and power of individuals and small businesses is dwarfed by the overwhelming dominance of the corporations. Eventually, the corporations end up owning almost everything and they end up dominating nearly every aspect of society. As you will see below, this very accurately describes the United States of America today. Corporatism is killing this country, and it is not what our founding fathers intended. Corporatism is actually not too different from socialism or communism. They are all “collectivist” economic systems. Under corporatism, wealth and power are even more highly concentrated than they are under socialism or communism, and the truth is that none of them are “egalitarian” economic systems. Under all collectivist systems, a small elite almost always enjoys most of the benefits while most of the rest of the population suffers.The Occupy Wall Street protesters realize that our economic system is...
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...Factorii legali si politici ce au influentat deciziile si operatiunile companiei Google in China In anul 2006, compania-gigant Google a lansat Google.cn, versiunea motorului sau de cautare pentru China, ce va urma a fi condus din interiorul acestei tari. Google a patruns pe piata din China, cu speranta ca decizia sa de a isi compromite principiile va fi compensata de faptul ca motorul de cautare va realiza un bine pentru cetatenii chinezi. Acest lucru s-a dovedit ireal, iar in urma unor scandaluri in care s-a aflat implicat guvernul chinez, Google a anuntat la sfarsitul anului 2010 ca se retrage din China, o piata cu potential comercial imens. Astfel, intrebarea pe care trebuie sa o punem este: Cat de mult isi poate schimba o companie princiipile pentru a avea succes intr-un mediu competitiv si pentru a patrunde pe diferite piete? Atunci cand o companie decide sa se extinda intr-o anumita tara, trebuie sa analizeze cu atentie determinantii mediului de afaceri din respectiva tara (analiza PESTLE). In cazul “Google in China”, cei mai importanti factori care au influentat deciziile si operatiunile...
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...Grace Elliott / Sociology homework due Friday 4th March 2016 Item A The criminal law is thus not a reflection of custom, but a set of rules laid down by the state in the interests of the ruling class, and resulting from the conflicts arising in class structured societies; criminal behaviour is , then , the inevitable expression of class conflict resulting from the exploitative nature of economic relations. Criminality is simply not something that people have or don’t have; crime is not something some people do and others don’t. Crime is a matter of who can pin the label on whom and underlying this socio-political process is the structure of social relations determined by capitalism. Using material from item A and elsewhere asses the usefulness of the Marxist approaches to an understanding of crime and deviance (21 marks) Marxists essentially see crime and deviance as defined by the ruling class and used as a means of social control – if you don’t conform then you will be punished. Institutions such as the police, the justice system, prisons and schools, the family and religion are there to encourage you to conform. They argue that white collar crimes (which tend to be committed by the more powerful in society) are ignored, while crimes committed by the less powerful in society such as burglary and street crime are focussed on and seen as more serious. Marxists would also argue that different social classes are policed differently, with the working class heavily policed...
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...doctrine for State A to adopt a law identical to one adopted by State B. 2. A basic principle of statutory interpretation is that specific provisions in the statute are of greater weight than general provisions. 3. The town of Somerset passed a law forbidding parking on Main Street between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. This is an example of an ordinance. 4. If one obeys the law, one is necessarily also acting ethically because ethical standards of conduct and legal standards of conduct are identical. 5. One of the important powers of courts in the United States is to interpret legislation. 6. It is the function of the jury to decide the facts that are in dispute in a case. 7. It is unconstitutional to conduct a trial with a jury of fewer than 12 jurors. 8. For diversity of citizenship jurisdiction, each plaintiff must have suffered over $100,000 in damages. 9. Sam Sophomore is suing the school board of Small Town, Iowa for suspending him because he held up a sign at a pep rally denouncing war. He claims that his First Amendment right of free speech was violated. He may file suit in federal district court in Iowa, even though he and the defendant school board members are citizens of Iowa. 10. A person who violates a decree from a court of equity can be jailed for contempt of court. 11. Each state must have at least 2 federal district courts, one to hear federal questions and one to hear diversity cases. 12. A plaintiff must have minimum contacts with a state in order to file...
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...Karl Marx, philosopher, economist, historian and German sociologist was born to a Jewish family in Trier Germany on May 5th 1818. He devoted his life and his work in the practice of his theoretical analysis and grew to become the most influential socialist thinker of the 19th century. He founded with Friedrich Engels the scientific socialism and he is the initiator of the international labour movement. During his life, he wrote several manuscripts in which he predicted the collapse of industrial capitalism and its replacement by communism and his theory has resulted in the establishment of communist political systems in many countries. He also became a member of the Communist League. After that, he published the Communist Manifesto just before a wave of revolutions struck Europe. The Communist Manifesto opens with the famous sentence "The history of all hitherto societies has been the history of class struggles" This expression is the basis of the Manifesto and reveals two key points. First, different social classes emerge and oppose themselves throughout history: free man/slave, baron/serf, or more generally oppressor/oppressed. It therefore defines the existing classes, contemporary to the manifest, explaining (in order to demonstrate) their emergence and reality. The second point is considering the theme of the "struggle". When two classes are opposing, a continuous struggle is taking place in various forms. Its outcome is the revolutionary transformation or the disappearance...
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...Sinyi Real Estate in Taiwan As countries in East Asia experience rapid economic growth and transformation, many companies ignore ethical business practices for profit maximization. This goes against traditional Confucianism, which prioritizes customer satisfaction and seeks to avoid exploiting customers for profits. Sinyi, founded by Chun-Chi Chou in 1981, has been one of the most successful real estate companies in mainland Asian markets. Chou has successfully developed a people-oriented culture, which has lead to an excellent corporate image and satisfied customers. However, challenges have accompanied Sinyi's recent growth into Asian markets, where unethical business practices exploit clients for profit maximization. Exponential growth at Sinyi has made it extremely difficult to maintain a uniform ethics-based culture. Chou plans to expand his business while maintaining rigid ethical principles focused on the welfare of customers above profit maximization. Sinyi has strived to transmit this ethical culture to employees and the community by creating continual education and outreach programs. In a chaotic Taiwanese real estate industry, Chou has realized that a "people centered" business is key to success. While some competitors use price fixing to cheat customers, Sinyi has taken affirmative actions towards applying social responsibility in management concepts. In accordance with Confucian teachings, Chou believes that the needs of both clients and employees should...
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...The Arithmetic of Inequality Jimmy is a second grader. He pays attention in school, and he enjoys it. School records show that he is reading slightly above grade level and has a slightly better than average IQ. Bobby is a second grader across town. He also pays attention in class and enjoys school, and his test scores are similar to Jimmy's. Bobby is a safe bet to enter college (more than four times as likely as Jimmy) and a good bet to complete it -- at least twelve times as likely as Jimmy. Bobby will probably have at least four years more schooling than Jimmy. He is twenty seven times as likely as Jimmy to land a job which by his late forties will pay him an income in the top tenth of all incomes. Jimmy has about one chance in eight of earning a median income (Bassis, 1991:216). I. Basic Definitions A. Life Chances Life chances refer to one's access to resources. Life chances can refer to one's ability to get food and shelter. It also refers to access to social institution such as health care, education, the government, and the law (to mention a few). Social class affects one's life chances across a broad spectrum of social phenomenon from health care, to educational attainment, to participation in the political process, to contact with the criminal justice system. B. What is Social Stratification? Social stratification refers to the division of a society into layers (or strata) whose occupants have unequal access to social opportunities and rewards. People in the top strata...
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...Maoism ideology: Maoism is a form of communism developed by Mao Tse Tung. It is a doctrine to capture State power through a combination of armed insurgency, mass mobilization and strategic alliances. Propaganda and disinformation against State institutions are used as additional tools. Mao called this process, the ‘Protracted Peoples War’. The central theme of Maoist ideology is resorting to violence as a tool to capture State power. ‘Bearing of arms is non-negotiable’ as per the Maoist insurgency doctrine. Maoism has a definite view about how to get to socialism, and about what needs to be done to meet the basic needs of everyone in a poor country. Development is to be on an egalitarian basis—we are all in it together and everyone rises together. Unlike the earlier forms of Marxism-Leninism in which the urban proletariat was seen as the main source of revolution, and the countryside was largely ignored, Mao focused on the peasantry as a revolutionary force which, he said, could be mobilized by a Communist Party with their knowledge and leadership. The model for this was of course the Chinese Communist rural insurgency of the 1920s and 1930s, which eventually brought the Communist Party of China to power. Furthermore, unlike other forms of Marxism-Leninism in which large-scale industrial development were seen as a positive force, Maoism made all-round rural development the priority. Mao felt that this strategy made sense during the early stages of socialism in a country in which...
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...Introduction Globalization generally refers to the worldwide idea of economic, technological, cultural and political exchanges enhanced by the modern transport, communication and legal infrastructure. The political choice to open links and borders in international finance and trade makes it easy for globalization to happen. This means that human beings are continuously interacting with each other across the globe politically, economically and culturally. Economic globalization refers to the process of increasing the economic integration between two or more countries which leads to the emergence of a worldwide marketplace or a single global market. The international Monetary Fund defines globalization as “the growing economic interdependence of countries worldwide through increasing volume and variety of cross-border transactions in goods and services, freer international capital flows, and more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology”. At the same time, the International Forum on Globalization defines globalization as “the present worldwide drive toward a globalized economic system dominated by supranational corporate trade and banking institutions that are not accountable to democratic processes or national governments.” The two definitions vary and so depending on the paradigm, the aspect of globalization can be seen as both positive and negative effects. Nonetheless, globalization has cultural, political and technological factors that are closely intertwined. All these...
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...Social Stratification Social Stratification-‐ a system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy. 1. Social stratification is a trait of society, not simply a reflection of individual differences. • Children born into wealthy families are more likely than children born in poverty to experience good healthy, achieve academically, succeed in life’s work and live a long life. 2. Social stratification persists over generations. • To see stratification as a trait of society rather than one of individuals, we need to only look at how inequality persists along generations. In all societies, parents pass their social position on to their children. • Social Mobility-‐ change in one’s position in the social hierarchy. 3. Social stratification is universal but variable. • In some societies, inequality is mostly a matter of prestige; in others, wealth or power...
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...Research Proposal – Unit II Evaluating the Federal Student Loan Debt in Regards to the Status Quo of the United States Economy Geoffrey J. Wynn, MBA Columbia Southern University DBA 7240-09B-2B11-S1 Doctoral Writing and Inquiry Into Research Evaluating the Federal Student Loan Debt in Regards to the Status Quo of the United States Economy Introduction In conducting research of the concept of student loan debt it was evident that there were concerns at all fiscal levels about the growing usage of students in conjunction with the stagnant economy. The student loan program is always under review for consistency and being relative of an individual's or family's financial need. The United States government created the program to boost the higher learning apparatus of citizens in need of training and/or re-training to keep up with an ever changing workplace. The research divulges many opportunities to create a better understanding on how the market economy supports government subsidized programs. The media perception has always seemed to be in favor of the educating society through the legislative actions of the United States government. In other words it has been assumed that the taxpayers could foot the bill so to speak so that others may be able to reach the goal of being educated adequately enough to find suitable work. In looking into the individual employment it needs to be taken into account that the level of education...
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...CREATING SHARED VALUE BUSINESS POLICY ASSIGNMENT - 2 Executive Summary Creating Shared Value - Reinventing Capitalism By Michael Porter & Mark Kramer According to Michael Porter and Mark Kramer, "Creating Shared Value" can be defined as Policies and operating practices that enhance the competitiveness of a company while simultaneously advancing the economic and social conditions in the communities in which it operates. The concept of shared value which focuses on the connections between societal and economic progress has the power to unleash the next wave of global growth. Shared value involves creating economic value in a way that also creates value for society by addressing its needs and challenges. The purpose of the corporation must be redefined as creating shared value, not just profit per se. This will drive the next wave of innovation and productivity growth in the global economy. Moving Beyond Trade‐Offs Solving social problems has been ceded to governments and to NGOs. Corporate responsibilities programs a reaction to external pressure have emerged largely to improve firms’ reputations and are treated as a necessary expense. Fair trade aims to increase the proportion of revenue that goes to poor farmers by paying them higher prices for the same crops. Though this may be a noble sentiment, fair trade is mostly about redistribution rather than expanding the overall amount of value created. The Roots of Shared Value A business needs a successful community...
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...bank participation in corporate governance was a dominant feature of the German landscape only during the first few decades after World War II and began to weaken in the 1990s. Germany’s traditionally insider-dominated corporate governance system has undergone substantial reforms since the early 1990s. These resulted in a “hybrid system,” Complementing the traditional stakeholder-oriented system with important elements of the shareholder-oriented system. As a result, the control of outsiders, especially minority Shareholders, has increased and insider control has been reined in. Moreover, these reforms fostered flexibility and promoted competition between corporate governance structures, especially for public companies operating under the SE statute. German law mandates a two-tier board structure, made up of a “supervisory board” and a “managerial board.” In companies with more than 2,000 employees, the supervisory board must be composed of equal numbers of shareholder-elected and employee-chosen members. Banks have traditionally played a central role in listed companies’ supervisory boards, as a result of their shareholdings and of their acting as their clients’ proxies in shareholder meetings (Fohlin, 2005). Unsurprisingly,...
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