...legal aspects of coastal state jurisdiction and the sovereign immunity available to the Italian marines under international law and the national law extensively. The views of the Supreme court on the coastal state jurisdiction with regard to Enrica Lexie incident appears to be final, despite the Court having allowed the Italian marines to re- agitate the jurisdiction issue in the Special Court, which will try the crimes committed by the Italian marines from Enrica Lexie . The investigation of the Enrica Lexie incident is now destined to go to the Special Court once the investigation is completed and charges are laid. The legal aspects of other post judgment developments such as Italy’s initial refusal to send back the Italian marines for trial in India and the consequential order of the Supreme Court restraining the movement of the Italian Ambassador outside India are also dealt with. Obviously, an enquiry of this nature involves sifting judicial decisions on coastal State jurisdiction over crimes committed from a foreign vessel in an area beyond national jurisdiction in the light of UNCLOS, SUA Act and other relevant international conventions and national legislations. Italy has...
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...mother of all ships was a massive palace with intentions to stay afloat for days even in a worst case scenario. She was almost 900 feet long and almost 11 stories high, but in less than four hours, years of investment came to an end. Clearly an investigation to mitigate future disaster unfolded and the results were mind blowing. ”In the construction of the Titanic no limit of cost circumscribed their endeavor, and when this vessel took its place at the head of the line every modern improvement in shipbuilding was supposed to have been realized; so confident were they that both owner and builder were eager to go upon the trial trip; no sufficient tests were made of boilers or bulkheads or gearing or equipment, and no life-saving or signal devices were reviewed; officers and crew were strangers to one another and passengers to both; neither was familiar with the vessel or its implements or tools; no drill or station practice or helpful discipline disturbed the tranquility of that voyage, and when the crisis came a state of absolute unpreparedness stupefied both passengers and crew, and in their despair the ship went down, carrying as needless a sacrifice of noble women and brave men as ever clustered about the Judgment Seat in any single moment of passing time”. (Smith. 1912). Recommendation from the investigation panel was suggested, with stringent declaration. According to Senator Raynor, from his findings he recommended sufficient amount of lifeboat and ships be equipped...
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...Odyssey. Odysseus’s selfless actions demonstrate that he is a hero, for he chooses to offer service to those in need and firmly withstands burdensome trials. On the difficult journey back home, Odysseus’s men are trapped under the captivating spell of the Lotus-Eaters. Odysseus promptly responds to this crisis: “Whoever ate that sweet fruit/ lost the will to report back, preferring instead/ to stay there, munching on lotus, oblivious to home./ I hauled them back wailing to the ships,/bound them under the bunches, then ordered / all hands to board their ships on the...
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...challenge to the maintainer due to poor accessibility and unavoidable effects of running machinery such as spillage of cooling sea water, spillage of fuel, spillage of lub oil, high ambient temperature and drainage of hot water below feed quality (in case of steam driven machinery). Coal tar epoxy paint (CTE) has been in use in these bilges. However the expected life of CTE could not be achieved, in many cases, as stringent surface preparation standards (Grit blasting to Sa 2.5) specified for the paint system could not be achieved prior to application of CTE. Creating sufficient accessibility to undertake grit blasting in machinery bilges has also been found to be extremely demanding in terms of time and effort, even during an MR when the engine bearers are thoroughly surveyed. Hence it can be seen that the ideal paint scheme, for machinery bilges, would be one which can accept the standard of surface preparation achievable by means of manual methods, in poor accessibility conditions, typical of a machinery compartment, often with the vessel afloat. Paucity of time required for boxing up of refitted machinery, critical for undocking, often restricts the possibility of undertaking painting in machinery bilges during the docked time. Chlorinated rubber based paint applied by brush has been tried out as an alternative paint system. This paper is a report on a case study of the application of chlorinated rubber paint in the bilges of INS Fiction. 2. Paint Specifications: - The...
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...transit at high speed? COI 5: Is the vessel capable of a rapid turnaround? 2. Describe how these Critical Validation Issues are to be tested. This is pitched at the Test and Evaluation Master Plan level, but may show aspects of lower level documentation to justify certain decisions. a. What major activities are required and when could they be carried out? b. Are there validation issues that should be carried out as (or before) the system is under development to minimize or mitigate risk? c. Describe the resources that would be required for these test programs, including assessing when they might be realistically available? Shonky Enterprises have identified a shortfall in the market between slow sea freight and expensive air freight. Market research and analysis of historical data conducted as part of the Needs Analysis has identified what the end-user (the customer) requires and how Shonky will meet the needs of this niche market. Information on how the vessel will be used and any risks that the project may or may not be financially viable for the company have be identified as a number of Critical Operational Issues (COIs). The COIs are the absolutes required for the project as they detail what is operationally expected of the system. Failure to meet any of the COIs can not be tolerated. Validation of the vessels suitability and effectiveness will occur during OT&E; however, there is a critical requirement for validation of...
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...condenser tubes and seawater piping. They still enjoy widespread use today not only for many navies but also in commercial shipping, floating production, storage and offloading vessels (FPSOs), and in multistage flash desalination. The two popular alloys contain 90% or 70% copper and differ in strength and maximum sea water velocity levels they can handle but it is the 90-10 coppernickel (CuNi10Fe1Mn) which is the more economic and extensively used. An additional benefit of this alloy is its high resistance to biofouling: in recent years this has led to sheathing developments particularly for structures and boat hulls. This paper provides a review of the corrosion and biofouling resistance of 90-10 coppernickel based on laboratory test data and documented experience of the alloy in marine environments. Particular attention is given to exposure trials over 8 years in Langstone Harbour, UK, which have recently been completed by Portsmouth University on behalf of the Nickel Institute. These examined four sheathing products; plate and foil as well as two composite products with rubber backing. The latter involved copper-nickel granules and slit sheet. The trial results are consistent with the behaviour of the alloy in the overall review. There is an inherent high resistance to marine biofouling when freely exposed. Prolonged exposure to quiet conditions can result in some growth of marine organisms but this is loosely...
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...Citation: 50 Va. J. Int'l L. 553 2009-2010 Content downloaded/printed from HeinOnline (http://heinonline.org) Wed Nov 6 03:36:58 2013 -- Your use of this HeinOnline PDF indicates your acceptance of HeinOnline's Terms and Conditions of the license agreement available at http://heinonline.org/HOL/License -- The search text of this PDF is generated from uncorrected OCR text. -- To obtain permission to use this article beyond the scope of your HeinOnline license, please use: https://www.copyright.com/ccc/basicSearch.do? &operation=go&searchType=0 &lastSearch=simple&all=on&titleOrStdNo=0042-6571 50TH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATIVE ESSAY Somalia: State Failure, Piracy, and the Challenge to International Law MARIO SILVA* Introduction .......................................................................................... I. T he Failed State ......................................................................... A . In General ........................................................................ B. Case Study: Somalia ........................................................ 1. Political Instability in Somalia ............................. 2. Economic Instability in Somalia .......................... 3. Humanitarian Challenges and Societal Instability in Somalia ............................................ II. P iracy ......................................................................................... A . In General ..................................................
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...I signaled the crew with frowns to set me free- they flung themselves at the oars and rowed on harder, Perimedes and Eurylochus springing up at once to bind me faster with rope on chafing rope But once we’d left the Sirens fading in our wake, once we could hear their song no more, their urgent call- my steadfast crew was quick to remove the wax I’d used to seal their ears and loosed the bonds that lashed me.” (12.508-517) Even though Odysseus was able to get him and his crew through the trial of the Island of Sirens, he appears to have more fails as a leader than success. Odysseus refuses to leave the cave of the cyclops Polyphemus. Despite his men’s urging to the contrary. “‘Let's make away with the cheeses, then come back- hurry, drive the lambs and kids from the pens to our swift ship, put out to sea at once!’ But I would not give way-” (9.253-259) Odysseus's stubborn spirits led to the death of many of his crew members. If Odysseus would have listened to the rest of his crew, he could have saved lives. But instead, he was too confident that he could handle whatever crossed his path. Not only does he not listen to crew, he also fails to communicate with crew about contents of bag he receives from Aeolus. After over-confident Odysseus sailed for 9 days by himself with no rest, he predictably fell asleep. He was exhausted. His men became curious and preceded to open the bag, not...
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...nation with 1,66,000 sq. km area of sea, abundance with living and non-living resources. There are more than 200 rivers all around the country, with a total length of about 22,155 km, which occupy about 11% of total area of the country. Here rivers and water transports play a vital role for economical and commercial activities in Bangladesh. Major export and import of Bangladesh (about 85%) is also traveled by sea. At present more than 5,000 inland/coastal ships have been plying all over the country, which carry more than 90% of total oil product, 70% of cargo and 35% of passengers. More than 1,00,000 skilled workers and 150,000 semi-skilled workers are employed in this labor-intensive industry. All inland ships are constructed and repaired in local shipyards. Bangladesh harbours the second largest ship breaking industries in the world. They are the prime source of raw material including plate, frame, stiffener, longitudinal, pipe, old engine/generator, and even auxiliary machinery, for most of the local private shipbuilding yards. Those are used as raw material in manufacturing and repairing inland shipping fleet. Recently Bangladesh has successfully exported her first ocean going ship to Denmark, which was costing US$ 7 million. Ananda Shipyard and Slipway Ltd, the leading private owned shipyard, got orders from Germany, Denmark and Mozambique to build more than a dozen ships with the value costing of US$300 million. Few more quality ship builders like Western Marine...
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...of Pi Hui-Fen Hsu Applied English Department National Taichung University of Science and Technology Lecturer Abstract This paper examines the universal structure of a mythological hero’s adventure in Life of Pi. The theory is based on Joseph Campbell’s The Hero with a Thousand Faces, which illustrated and distilled heroic patterns from various cultures. The hero’s journey has three stages: separation, initiation, and return. Answering a call to adventure, the hero departs from his familiar world and ventures into a region of supernatural wonder. Miraculous forces are encountered there and a decisive victory is won. He then returns from this mysterious land, bringing an elixir to bene¿t his fellow men. Through this journey of trials, the hero transforms his former self and achieves spiritual growth. Such heroes range from monster slayers to spiritual leaders such as the Buddha and Christ. Life of Pi is a fantasy adventure novel about an Indian boy who survives a shipwreck by drifting on a lifeboat with a tiger. His adventure ¿ts Joseph Campbell’s hero archetype. Similar to the mythological hero, Pi departs from his familiar land of India, answering the call for adventure to a new country. Protected by the supernatural powers of Hinduism, Catholicism, and Islam, he penetrates the dangerous and mysterious realm of the Pacific Ocean. After experiencing harsh ordeals, he returns to the human world with a life-enhancing boon to share. In this study, Campbell’s insights...
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...The Merchant of Venice opens on a street in Venice, where Antonio, a Venetian merchant, complains of a sadness he can't quite explain. His friends suggest they'd be sad too if they had as much merchandise to worry about as Antonio. Apparently all of his money is tied up in various sea ventures to exotic locales. But Antonio is certain it's not money that's bothering him. Antonio's friend Bassanio enters the scene, and we learn that Bassanio has been at the forefront of Antonio's mind. Apparently Bassanio just got back from a secret trip to see an heiress named Portia in Belmont. Bassanio financed his trip (and in fact, his entire lifestyle) by borrowing tons of money from Antonio. Portia is beautiful, intelligent, and, most important, rich. If Bassanio could only get together the appearance of some wealth, he would be in a good position to compete with all the other guys vying for Portia's attention. If they marry, he's all set financially. Antonio would be happy to lend Bassanio the money he needs to woo Portia, except, as we know, all of Antonio's money is at sea. The two friends part ways, agreeing that they'll try to raise the funds on Antonio's credit around town. Meanwhile, even rich heiresses have their troubles. Portia is plagued by suitors from the four corners of the earth but isn't allowed to choose the one she wants. Instead, her father, before his death, devised an unusual test. Three caskets – one gold, one silver, and one lead – are laid out before each suitor...
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...obligations of DCI. All other departments extend support services to Operations Department in meeting the above responsibilities. Operations department is responsible for monitoring and control of various projects undertaken. Operations Department exercise control over all the Project Offices as well as all the Vessels. Project Offices are headed by Project-in-charge (PIC) and Vessels are headed by Masters. Masters of all DCI vessels, report to PICs who in turn report to HOD (Ops). Operations department strives for improvement of performance/ production, provides safe practices in dredging operations, complying with all Statutory Rules & Regulations of the Government, Ports and by establishing Procedures to safe guard against all identified risks and avoidance of damage to the property particularly while working and at sea. Operations Department looks after deployment of various dredgers at Dredging and Reclamation Projects as per the contracts concluded between the DCI and customers such as Major Ports, Minor Ports, Indian Navy, Ship building yards, Inland dredging organizations in India and major dredging and reclamation projects abroad. Operations department also looks after issues with respect to carrying out Hydrographic survey, soil explorations/ investigations and analysis apart from undertaking towage of dumb dredgers and crafts by the Tugs owned and hired. HOD (Ops) is assisted by Dy. General Managers, Managers, Dy. Managers, Asst. Managers, Surveyors and...
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...Chapter 19 Performance and breach of Sales and Lease Contracts Case 19.1 352 N.Y.S.2d 784 76 Misc.2d 1080 MAPLE FARMS INC., Plaintiff, v. CITY SCHOOL DISTRICT OF the CITY OF ELMIRA, New York, Defendant. Supreme Court, Special Term, Chemung County. Feb. 1, 1974. CHARLES B. SWARTWOOD, Justice. This is a motion for summary judgment in an action for declaratory judgment whereby the plaintiff seeks, first, a determination that the contract wherein the plaintiff agreed to supply milk to the defendant school district at an agreed price be terminated without further liability on the grounds of legal "impossibility' or "impracticality' because of the occurrence of events not contemplated by the parties which makes performance impracticable and, second, a determination that the defendant school district has authority to unilaterally relieve the plaintiff of its contract without violating Article 8, Section 1 of the New York State Constitution. We commend counsel on the quality of their briefs. The background of this dispute is that the price of raw milk at the farm site is and has been controlled for many years in this area by the United States Department of Agriculture through the New York-New Jersey Market Administrator. The president of the plaintiff milk dealer has for at least ten years bid on contracts to supply milk for the defendant school district and is thoroughly conversant with prices and costs. Though the plaintiff avers that the defendant was aware of...
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...Merchent of venice The Merchant of Venice opens on a street in Venice, where Antonio, a Venetian merchant, complains of a sadness he can't quite explain. His friends suggest they'd be sad too if they had as much merchandise to worry about as Antonio. Apparently all of his money is tied up in various sea ventures to exotic locales. But Antonio is certain it's not money that's bothering him. Antonio's friend Bassanio enters the scene, and we learn that Bassanio has been at the forefront of Antonio's mind. Apparently Bassanio just got back from a secret trip to see an heiress named Portia in Belmont. Bassanio financed his trip by borrowing tons of money from Antonio. Portia is beautiful, intelligent, and, most important, rich. If Bassanio could only get together the appearance of some wealth, he would be in a good position to compete with all the other guys vying for Portia's attention. If they marry, he's all set financially. Antonio would be happy to lend Bassanio the money he needs to woo Portia, except, as we know, all of Antonio's money is at sea. The two friends part ways, agreeing that they'll try to raise the funds on Antonio's credit around town. Meanwhile, Portia is plagued by suitors from the four corners of the earth but isn't allowed to choose the one she wants. Instead, her father, before his death, devised an unusual test. Three caskets – one gold, one silver, and one lead – are laid out before each suitor, and whoever picks the right one gets the girl. Portia...
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...Molly Howe Southern New Hampshire University Abstract This case study examines the Costa Concordia disaster in the context of organizational behavior. It will provide an analysis on the following issues: the breakdown of communication, to much group cohesion resulting in groupthink, lack of strong leadership, and the lack of good decision-making. These issues resulted in the accident and the unnecessary loss of life. This case study will also look at possible solutions for each of the issues. Keywords: communication, groupthink, leadership, and decision-making. The Costa Concordia Disaster On January 13, 2012, the Costa Concordia crashed off of Isola del Giglio, an island off the Tuscan coast. The Costa Concordia was a cruise ship part of Costa Crociere S.p.A, a subsidiary of Carnival Corp (Carnival Corp). The crash was a result of the deviation off the preplanned route (Del Valle, S. 2012). Captain Francesco Schettino is said to have traveled too close to the island hitting a granite reef that tore a hole in the side. What happened next was a disaster that resulted in 32 deaths (theguardian.com, 2013). Captain Schettino did not order an evacuation, or fully inform the authorities of the dire situation on board until an hour after the crash. The passengers aboard had not yet completed the safety drills on board and the crew on board seemed to lack the correct leadership in a disaster situation to properly assist passengers on board resulting greater loss of life (Del...
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