...of the image to overlap. The main aim of medical image segmentation is to study anatomical structure, identify regions of interest, measures tissue volume to measure tumor growth. The main goal of literature survey is to present various image segmentation methods, to highlight the advantages and disadvantages. Thresholding[17] one of the oldest method used for image segmentation. It is based on the gray level intensity value of pixels. Histogram of an image consists of valley and peaks where each peak represents the one region and the valley between the peaks represents the threshold value. On the basis of thresholding value, there are two types of threshold values such as global and local thresholding [18].The main drawback is that only two classes are generated...
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...vast quantities of that information in the clinical medicine and in the supporting biomedical research compare to the CT MRI is having superior contrast properties and important in diagnosis imaging techniques for early abnormalities of brain and used to study the changes in tissues and organs so many of the researchers are used to study the Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) anatomical structure of brain is more important, analysed by segmenting human brain macroscopic structures used for analysing brain disorders and to understand the brain...
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...------------------------------------------------- Nursery rhyme From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia See also: Children's music and Children's song Illustration of "Hey Diddle Diddle", a popular nursery rhyme A nursery rhyme is a traditional poem or song for young children in Britain and many other countries, but usage only dates from the late 18th/early 19th century and in North America the term Mother Goose Rhymes, introduced in the mid-18th century, is still often used.[1] Contents [hide] * 1 History * 1.1 Lullabies * 1.2 Early nursery rhymes * 1.3 19th century * 2 Meanings of nursery rhymes * 3 Nursery rhyme revisionism * 4 Nursery rhymes and education * 5 See also * 6 Notes ------------------------------------------------- History[edit] Lullabies[edit] Main article: Lullaby The oldest children's songs of which we have records are lullabies, intended to help a child sleep. Lullabies can be found in every human culture.[2] The English term lullaby is thought to come from "lu, lu" or "la la" sound made by mothers or nurses to calm children, and "by by" or "bye bye", either another lulling sound, or a term for good night.[3] Until the modern era lullabies were usually only recorded incidentally in written sources. The Roman nurses' lullaby, "Lalla, Lalla, Lalla, aut dormi, aut lacta", is recorded in a scholiumon Persius and may be the oldest to survive.[4] Many medieval English verses associated with the birth of Jesus take...
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...1. Consumer behavior- reflects the totality of consumers’ decisions with respect to the acquisition, consumption, and disposition of goods, services, activities, experiences, and ideas by human decision-making units over time. 2. Offering- a product, service, activity, experience, or idea offered by a marketing organization to consumers. 3. Segmenting the market: is a marketing strategy that involves dividing a broad target market into subsets of consumers, businesses, or countries who have common needs and priorities, and then designing and implementing strategies to target them. 4. Demographics--statistics that measure observable aspects of a population, such as Age, Gender, Family structure, Social class, Income, Race/ethnicity, geography 5. Psychographics The way we feel about ourselves, the things we value and the things we do in our spare time. 6. Behavioral segmentation: Heavy, Infrequent, New, Would never try, How used, Where and When used. 7. Target Market: a particular group of consumers at which a product or service is aimed. 8. Database marketing: is a form of direct marketing using databases of customers or potential customers to generate personalized communications in order to promote a product or service for marketing purposes. The method of communication can be any addressable medium, as in direct marketing. 9. Data mining: the practice of examining large databases in order to generate new information. 10. Exchange Processes: Exchange is the process that involves...
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...The following are several theoretical perspectives that influence the clinical process regarding language assessment and intervention; biological, linguistic, behavioral, cognitive connectionist, cognitive constructivist, cognitive-emotional, and social interactionist. The theory pertaining especially to Kathy is the Biological Maturation Theory; (Ridley, 2003) states this theory's main premise is that the nature of language is a product of brain structures and functions (affected by genetic and environmental influences), which is a primary role in supporting language acquisition. He adds that Biological theorists are less concerned about the nature of language than the genetic and neurological systems that support it (p.59). Given that...
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...Term paper on: Brand Management Course: MKT 416 Section: 1 Submitted to: Md. Anamul Hoque Rubai Senior Lecturer Department of Business Administration East West University Submitted by: Arafat Rauf Submission Date: 27/7/2011 Executive summary As we are the students of the course named BRAND (MKT 416) so we the group members all got the opportunity clarify our understanding related to the particular course by this assignment which is given by our course our course instructor Md. Anamul Hoque Rubai. The brand or the product we going to work with is a relaxation drink which and we have named it as “Holistic Relaxation Drink” which refers that by having this drink consumers will be in a balance state of mental, physical and spiritual. Our product logo indicates spiritual satisfaction of human body, physiological satisfaction and the last fresh leap indicate the mental satisfaction of a customer. That means when customer will drink must feel cool. And the blue circle indicate peace, hopes and physically sense. That means all of the three satisfactions will circle in the logo. Our focus would be on quality, taste and uniqueness. By the attributes and other benefits the drink will be able to possess higher position in the beverage industry. We have chosen a relaxation drink to launch because it would be the first one in its category so there are no competitors and positioning and differentiating would be easier for us. By having this drink our...
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...T-205 Exam 1 Study Guide Week 1: Introduction to Media and Society 1. (a) Can you describe the information problem that we are facing? Our culture is oversaturated with information information-saturated culture 130+ million books published and 1,500 new books published each day Radio stations broadcast 65.5+ million hours of original programming each year Television broadcasts 48+ million hours of original programming each year 35+ billion indexed Web pages (b) What is automaticity? The automatic processing of information without conscious consideration of each option Our minds operating without conscious effort from us Automaticity is subject to manipulation (c) How did automaticity develop in society? Automaticity became necessary as our culture became information-saturated We wouldn’t be able to make quick decisions without automaticity We would be overwhelmed with information (d) What are the advantages and disadvantages of automaticity? Advantages allows us to get through a great deal of decisions with almost no effort Disadvantages we miss a lot of messages and often make poor exposure decisions (e) When do we consciously process information that is derived from the media? When we know what we are looking for and consciously seek out that information (f) How do advertisers and producers try to get around automaticity? Try to reinforce certain behavior patterns until they become automatic routines 2. (a) What are the two...
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...Medical Applications of EEG Wave Classification Wanli Min and Gang Luo Medical Background D id you know your brain continuously emits electric waves, even while you sleep? Based on a sample of wave measurements, physicians specializing in sleep medicine can use statistical tools to classify your sleep pattern as normal or problematic. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) now being developed can classify a disabled person’s thinking based on wave measurements and automatically execute necessary instructions. This type of research is exciting, but conducting it requires knowledge of medicine, biology, statistics, physics, and computer science. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the recording of electrical activity through electrode sensors placed on the scalp. The electricity is recorded as waves that can be classified as normal or abnormal. Measuring EEG signals is not an intrusive procedure; it causes no pain and has been used routinely for several decades. Different types of normal waves can indicate various states or activity levels. Abnormal waves can indicate medical problems. Two important applications of EEG wave classification are diagnosis of sleep disorders and construction of BCIs to assist disabled people with daily living tasks. Sleep, which takes up roughly one-third of a person’s life, is indispensable for health and well-being. Nevertheless, onethird of Americans suffer from a sleep problem. For example, one in five American adults has some...
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...www.elsevier.com/locate/atoures Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 93–111, 2005 Ó 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Printed in Great Britain 0160-7383/$30.00 doi:10.1016/j.annals.2004.05.001 MARKET SEGMENTATION A Neural Network Application Jonathan Z. Bloom University of Stellenbosch, South Africa Abstract: The objective of the research is to consider a self-organizing neural network for segmenting the international tourist market to Cape Town, South Africa. A backpropagation neural network is used to complement the segmentation by generating additional knowledge based on input–output relationship and sensitivity analyses. The findings of the self-organizing neural network indicate three clusters, which are visually confirmed by developing a comparative model based on the test data set. The research also demonstrated that Cape Metropolitan Tourism could deploy the neural network models and track the changing behavior of tourists within and between segments. Marketing implications for the Cape are also highlighted. Keywords: segmentation, SOM neural network, input–output analysis, sensitivity analysis, deployment. Ó 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ´ ´ Resume: Segmentation du marche: une application du reseau neuronal. Le but de la ´ ´ recherche est de considerer un reseau neuronal auto-organisateur pour segmenter le marche ´ ´ ´ touristique international a Cape Town, en Afrique du Sud. On utilise un reseau neuronal de ` ´ retropropogation pour...
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...Introduction Our group choose Ipad Mini as the product discussed in the assignment. Ipad Mini is the newly released Ipad of Apple Company which is very special in the Ipad category because it is the first Ipad of only 7.9 inches screen and of the lowest price in Ipad series. Many spectators in the industry regard Ipad Mini as a powerful hit which can greatly expand the potential tablet market (such as female market, lower-ended market) because its lower price and smaller size. Ipad Mini is picked up as our topic not only because of its unique influence to the small-size tablet market and its strategic significance to Apple Company after the death of Steven Jobs, but also it falls into extended decision making progress, which involves a complete set of decision progress to discuss. Ipad Mini is relatively high in price compared with other small size tablets and it may greatly influence the entertainment aspect of owners’ life style, thus people would experience a complex progress of information searching, selection and evaluation before the purchase. This makes it high purchase involved and high product involved. 1.Define a target for your product. Explain, using relevant theory, the reasons for choosing this target market. Our group chooses target market to people of the age of 21-45, with incomes of $75k-100k interested in gaming, e-reading and surfing on the Internet. The reason that we choose people aged 25 to 45 years old partly is that this age group fall within...
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...processes involved when individuals or groups select, purchase, use, or dispose of products, services, ideas, or experiences to satisfy needs and desires * An ongoing process * Exchange – 2+ people giving and receiving something of value = an integral part of marketing Consumers’ Impact on Marketing Strategy * Consumers’ needs can be satisfied to the extent that marketers understand the people/orgs that will use what they are trying to sell – better than the competitors * Consumer response is the test of whether a marketing strategy will exceed – knowledge about consumers is important Segmenting Consumers * Marketing segmentation – identifies groups of consumers who are similar to one another in 1+ ways and then devises marketing strategies to appeal to 1+ of these groups * Demographics – measure observable aspects – age, gender, family structure/life stage, social class/income, ethnicity * Psychographics – measure consumers’ personalities, attitudes, values, lifestyles Marketing’s Impact on Consumers * Relationship marketing – making an effort to interact with customers on a regular basis, giving them reasons to maintain a bond with company * Ex: restaurant sending a birthday coupon to consumer every year * Popular culture – music, movies, books, sports, celebs, consumed by mass market – a product of and inspiration for marketers * Consumer-generated content – consumers voice their opinions about products, brands, etc. on social...
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... Core concepts of quality, The masters of quality(W Edwards Deming, Joseph M Juran, Philiph B Crosby, Kaoru Ishikawa, Ginichi Taguchi, Shigeo shingo) Evolution of quality, The Total Quality Management Excellence Model, Strategic Quality Management, Lecture, Numerical Exercises on cost of quality, TPM 1. Basterfield H Dale and others, Total Quality Management, Pearson Education/PHI, Inc. 2006. 2. K.Shridhar Bhat Total Quality Management (Himalaya publishing house 2005). 3. Poornima M Charantimath, Total Quality Management, Pearson Education, 2003. MODULE 2 Continuous process improvement: Concepts of Kaizen, Kaizen vs. Innovation, Kaizen Strategy, House of Quality, Quality Function deployment, Quality Circles. Brain storming, Value analysis, Poka Yoke, Bench marking. Lecture, Case study on Kaizen 1. Imai Masaki, Kaizen, The key to Japan’s Competitive Success, McGraw-Hill, Inc., International Edition, 1991. 2. 3. Heizer and Nathan, Cases in Total Quality Management Manufacturing and services, Thomson South-western, 2004....
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...IMPROVING CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT IN HOTEL INDUSTRY BY DATA MINING TECHNIQUES MIRELA DANUBIANU, VALENTIN CRISTIAN HAPENCIUC Mirela DANUBIANU, Lecturer Ph. D. Eng, Ec. “Stefan cel Mare” University of Suceava Valentin Cristian HAPENCIUC, Associate Professor, Ph.D. Ec. “Stefan cel Mare” University of Suceava Keywords CRM, data mining hotel industry 1. Introduction It’s a fact that a successful company not only put customers first, but put customers at the center of the organization because the changes in customer behavior determines unpredictable profitability and may be the cause for inefficient marketing planning. The main goal of CRM is the capability to handle customer interaction across different channels and functions, for building loyal and profitable customer relationships. Although cost cutting and competitive pricing strategies may attract customers from competitors, in many services industries price advantages are not a sufficient reason for customers moving between suppliers. In these situations successful competitive strategies include developing strong relationships with customers and cross-selling them other services. Data mining - techniques for exploration and analysis of large quantities of data in order to discover meaningful patterns and rules - helps businesses sift through layers of seemingly unrelated data for meaningful relationships, where they can anticipate, rather than simply react to, customer needs. 2. An overview of CRM Customer...
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...Title of essay: Exploring Marketing with Delta Airlines as a Case Study Tedlow, Richard S. believes that the history of consumer product marketing in the United States can be divided into three phrases.1 The history of marketing will aid us in understanding the business world today and is thus useful in this essay to explore this in brief before embarking on studying Delta Airlines as a case study to approach the topic of marketing, in the context of the U.S Airline Industry. Phrase 1 is that of fragmentation and this is purely due to logistics reasons, rather than the result of any marketing strategy. This results in transportation of bulky goods from one region to another being relatively expensive and for a consumer product to achieve national distribution, a favorable ratio of weight and bulk to value is required. This phrase happened before the 1880s and the market size is restricted due to a lack of information, and it is characterized by a high margin and low volume. The second phrase of unification is the rise of mass marketing, with high volume and a low margin, which is the direct opposite of the first phrase of fragmentation. The development of this phrase is possible due to firstly, the development of the railroad and the telegraph and secondly, innovations in manufacturing technology. All the above innovations led to a more effective transportation and communication network that lowered the cost of mass marketing products by significant percentages. There is a rise...
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...Title of essay: Exploring Marketing with Delta Airlines as a Case Study Tedlow, Richard S. believes that the history of consumer product marketing in the United States can be divided into three phrases.1 The history of marketing will aid us in understanding the business world today and is thus useful in this essay to explore this in brief before embarking on studying Delta Airlines as a case study to approach the topic of marketing, in the context of the U.S Airline Industry. Phrase 1 is that of fragmentation and this is purely due to logistics reasons, rather than the result of any marketing strategy. This results in transportation of bulky goods from one region to another being relatively expensive and for a consumer product to achieve national distribution, a favorable ratio of weight and bulk to value is required. This phrase happened before the 1880s and the market size is restricted due to a lack of information, and it is characterized by a high margin and low volume. The second phrase of unification is the rise of mass marketing, with high volume and a low margin, which is the direct opposite of the first phrase of fragmentation. The development of this phrase is possible due to firstly, the development of the railroad and the telegraph and secondly, innovations in manufacturing technology. All the above innovations led to a more effective transportation and communication network that lowered the cost of mass marketing products by significant percentages. There is a rise...
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