...2015 Richard Samante Prof. Martinez 2015 Richard Samante Prof. Martinez Juvenile Delinquency in Manila Juvenile Delinquency in Manila CR-21 CR-21 CHAPTER I Introduction A. Background of the study Delinquents is from the legislatic point of view the minors committing criminal act are not called criminals but delinquents. The persons under eighteen who commit violations of law are called delinquents. The penal codes of almost all the civilized nations make special provisions for the treatment of delinquents in law courts. There is a consensus among criminologists that delinquents should be reformed rather than punished. Earlier, it was mentioned that, throughout most of the world, juvenile offending has been recognized for hundreds of years. It would be logical to wonder exactly how juvenile offenders in historical times were handled. For one thing, as indicated earlier, there were, however, juvenile institutions and other procedures for handling juveniles that were created in America during the 19th (Roseheim et al. 2002). Historical accounts of the development of the juvenile justice system throughout the world indicate that before separate institutions and proceedings for juveniles were established in the 19th, juveniles were often treated as if they were small adults. Even children of royal families in England, for example, were exposed to adult situations, such as sexual activity among adults, and were thought to be ready for adult roles in society if they...
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...Urban Issue: School Dropout Rate Michael Neeley National University Urban Issue: School Dropout Rate The issue of quitting school and leaving a high school diploma to the wayside is an issue that has long term consequences for both the individual and society. Common media reports state that every nine seconds a student drops out of school. Various reasons for dropping out of school are cited and vary from personal to social problems. While the dropout rate for high school has steadily fallen since the 1980’s where it was 14.1, the rate in 2008 was reported at 8.0 according to US Department of Education, the issue still at the forefront of urban affairs. The reason for the alarm is due to the correlation of dropping out of school and criminology as well as unemployment, both of which are urban problems of themselves. The problem with dropping out of school is best summed up as an individual and as a societal view. The individual consequences of a 16-24 year old quitting school include they are less likely to be part of the labor force and more likely to be unemployed. High School dropouts reportedly had worse single and family income, measures of assets, and self-reported depression than their Diploma and GED accredited counterparts. (Caputo, 2005) Education and dropout rates have significant effects on criminal incarceration, specifically fifty percent of all United States inmates are dropouts. Additionally...
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...Sekaya Newsome Professor Diane Whiteman September 10, 2013 Take home test 1 Chapter 1 1. Juvenile delinquency is the violation of a criminal law by persons under the age of 18 in most states. 2. Society views adult and juvenile offenders in many different ways such as the idea that juveniles are people that are in need of guidance because of their lack of maturity and cannot distinguish the difference between “right and wrong”. However, older offenders are expected to have this ability based off of their “experience” in life therefore deserving of punishment. 3. Juveniles are said to be immature because they lack the experience of having lived life and that they may not have understood or appreciated the harm that their actions have caused others. The immaturity is also said to have biological data that supports the argument that juveniles are immature, though there is no exact age in which a person has reached full maturity, “brain circuitry for pleasure and sensation develops rapidly during adolescences while the brain circuitry responsible for behavioral control and inhibition lags behind.” (5) 4. The major differences in the way that society treats juvenile offenders and adult offenders include the idea that juveniles are in need of guidance rather than punishment for their actions. On the other hand, adult offenders are punished for their actions. Society believes that adults were capable of distinguishing between right and wrong when they were committing...
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...Examining the School Dropout Rate of Students with Disabilities Strayer University Instructor: Dr. Steven Brown Research and Communication- RES 531 August 22, 2010 Abstract This paper examines the reported school dropout rate of students with disabilities and attempts to identify determinants and interventions that are available as well as offering potential programs and interventions in the future. As our population of children identified with disabilities grows we must anticipate their growth into adulthood and prepare them for entrance into the workforce, or prepare ourselves for the financial implications of institutionalizing and caring for this population. By examining historical statistic information along with past and current program implementation conclusions will be formulated and offered regarding what has been successful and where improvements are possible. Context of the Problem There are a multitude of issues that parents of special needs children are unaware of at the onset of diagnosis. The question of what happens to your child when you are gone is paramount in the minds of all parents. One problem is being unaware of what questions to ask. My son received his diagnosis from a psychiatrist who did not make me aware of any medical testing that should be addressed. Necessary information or guidance is not always provided by the attending physician. Educational needs are also of paramount importance, however if parents are unaware of necessary...
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...This document will address the following topics: developmental pathways to juvenile delinquency as it relates to parental influence, family history and family poverty. Additionally this document will address different approaches on preventing juveniles from these issues, especially as it applies to the relationship between minors and their parents and or legal guardian. According to Doggett (2001), something is going on in today’s society as it appears if more and more children are committing delinquent crimes. Based upon my readings, juveniles are committing repetitive crimes because of their family structure. When the juvenile is released from jail and they return home, if their family structure is the same when they left then the same...
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...symptoms of these disabilities, the circumstances of life that some children face such as poverty, single parent homes, some are in foster care or group homes because their families can’t care for them, all of these things can contribute to the stress of the lives of children with learning disabilities which can in turn lead them to commit crimes very early in life. According to research done by the “National Center for State Courts” * Between 30 and 50 percent of all "officially adjudicated juvenile delinquents" nationally are learning disabled (LD). * Young learning-disabled males appear before a judge more than twice as often as non-learning-disabled males. * Adolescents handicapped by learning disabilities are "at high risk for delinquency.” (http://www.deseretnews.com/article/21262/LEARNING-DISABILITIES-AND-JUVENILE-CRIME.html?pg=all) We have researched several articles on this topic as well as conducting our own quantitative study. At the end of this study we will present our data in a way that...
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...CAUSES OF DROPOUT RATES AT THE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AND ACCOUNTANCY AS PERCEIVED BY THE FIRST YEAR BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES ________________________ A RESEARCH PAPER Presented To: Rhea Benzon, MAME Statistics Instructor ________________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the 1st Semester 2012-2013 In Statistics I __________________________ Presented by: Genafril Mae A. Benzon Danna Marie B. Tabuada Jaidee M. Rosario Kim L.Umnas Reynaldo B. Deocales Jr. Virgette B. Lavanar Ruthleen Jane A. Castro Karen R. Jaramillo CERTIFICATION This research entitled “CAUSES OF DROPOUT RATES AT THE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AND ACCOUNTANCY AS PERCEIVED BY THE FIRST YEAR BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES” in the COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AND ACCOUNTANCY, UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES, TAMAG, VIGAN CITY, ILOCOS SUR prepared and submitted by Genafril Mae A. Benzon, Danna Marie Tabuada, Jaidee M. Rosario, Kim L.Umnas, Reynaldo Deocales Jr., Virgette Lavanar, Karen Jaramillo, Ruth Jane Castro in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the 1st Semester of Statistics I, have been reviewed and recommended for acceptance and approval for final defense. Novie Ada Urbis, MAT-Eng Critic Rhea Benzon, MAME Statistics Instructor APPROVAL SHEET Approved by the Panel of Examiner on...
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...6. Student and School Data Data collected from and about students, including school-level data, are an important part of the assessment. These data are useful in the identification of the proportion of youth in the community who claim gang membership or who are at high risk for gang membership. School-level data and information from school staff are vital to rounding out the picture of gang activity in the community. This chapter provides guidance on collecting data on the following: Student characteristics and disciplinary actions School-aged youths’ perceptions of gangs and gang activity (student survey) School staff perspectives on gang activity on campus Prevalence of Gangs in Schools In the mid-1990s, 28 percent of the national sample of students reported that gangs were present in their schools (Chandler, Chapman, Rand, and Taylor, 1998). This number dropped to 17 percent in 1999 and then increased to 24 percent in 2005, almost the level reported a decade earlier (Dinkes, Cataldi, Kena et al., 2006). Thus respondents to the national survey of students reported a decrease in gang activity in the late 1990s and an increase in the opening years of this century. Impact of Gangs in Schools Where they have a substantial community presence, youth gangs are linked with serious delinquency problems in elementary and secondary schools across the United States (Chandler, Chapman, Rand, and Taylor, 1998). This study of data gathered in the School Crime Supplement to the 1995...
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...and Academic Achievement in Middle School Children Nazar Hussain Soomro and Jane Clarbour Department of Psychology, University of York, USA The present study investigates the relationship between emotional behaviour and academic achievement in middle school children in Hyderabad, Pakistan. One hundred and forty-six students of grade 8 completed the Emotional Behavioural Scale for Pakistani Adolescents (EBS-PA; Soomro, 2010), and rendered measures of their social anxiety, malevolent aggression, and social self-esteem scores. These measures cumulatively represented emotional behaviour in these children, based upon Clarbour and Roger‟s (2004) model of emotional style, on which the EBS-PA scale is based. We then ascertained academic grades of these students from their school records and ran correlation between academic achievement (grades) and emotional behaviour measures. Results revealed academic achievement to be negatively associated with malevolent aggression, but positively related to social self-esteem. In addition, mediator analysis indicated social self-esteem to partially mediate the relationship between malevolent aggression and academic achievement. Keywords: emotional behaviour, academic achievement, adolescents, Pakistani There is robust evidence that emotional and behavioural problems are related with academic difficulties (Arnold, 1997; Hinshaw, 1992). These associations predict school drop-out rate, academic failure, delinquency, drug abuse, and unemployment which...
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...Tackling Youth Violence in Schools Eric Mack American Intercontinental University Abstract This paper highlights the causes of school violence and aggressive behavior among youth in our society. It addresses family issues in the home, school related factors, and the influence of mass media on violence in our schools. Evidence suggests that schools have trouble tackling the complicated social, economic, and personal causes that generate the violent behavior of numerous young people. With the increasing wave of school violence, schools and communities are pulling together in response to this increasing crisis. Tackling Youth Violence in Schools Youth committed crimes continue to be an issue in the United States. Because of the increasingly high rates of juvenile delinquency, modern society has taking an interest in its causes and its effects. Juvenile delinquency is a serious and costly problem that present concerns in relation to the welfare of our families, neighborhoods and schools. (Horton, A.,2001, p.g. 50). Education professionals must take steps to develop and implement meaningful programs in order to combat this rapidly growing problem. According to Bullock & Fitzsimons (1996), “To work effectively with students who display aggressive and violent behaviors is a challenge that personnel in schools face nationwide.” Therefore, to effectively battle youth violence in schools, the contributing attributes that causes this behavior must be identified...
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...Running head: CHILD MALTREATMENT & JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 1 The Correlation Between Child Maltreatment & Juvenile Delinquency April 6, 2014 CHILD MALTREATMENT & JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 2 Abstract Research suggests that there is a correlation between child maltreatment and juvenile delinquency. The findings indicate that children, who have experienced abuse or neglect during childhood, are at increased risk of committing crimes in adolescence. A substantial number of children enter the juvenile justice system with a history of abuse, with approximately one third of these adolescence are actively associated with a child welfare agency at the time of their initial arrest. This paper attempts to establish a clear definition of physical, sexual and emotional abuse, as well as, neglect, while also reviewing a pattern of subsequent delinquency. The effects of racial, ethnic and gender differences in criminal behavior will be explored. A collaborated effort among youth serving agencies is discussed as a method of prevention of child maltreatment and future delinquency. CHILD MALTREATMENT & JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 3 Juvenile delinquency is a serious public health concern. Throughout literature, child and adolescent maltreatment are consistently identified as powerful predictors of juvenile and adult crime. In 2009, law enforcement agencies arrested approximately 1.9 million persons under the age of 18 “ (Ryan, Williams, & Courtney, 2013, p.454)...
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...Causes of Delinquency and Methods of Prevention Jermaine Thomas CJ 3308 Juvenile Justice University of Houston-Downtown Causes of Delinquency and Methods of Prevention Introduction Juvenile delinquency is a term used to describe illegal acts committed by individuals in society younger than the age in which the government recognizes as him/her as an adult. In America, the general rule of thumb for labeling a person as a juvenile is any person between the age of 10 and 18. However, this does vary slightly from state to state. An act committed by a juvenile can only be considered delinquent if the same act is punishable if it were to be committed by an adult. Other violations of rules such as curfew violations and underage smoking are considered age-restricted violation as opposed to being labeled as a “delinquent act”. Juvenile Delinquency has always been an issue in the criminal justice system. A study done by Sharma, Mishra, & Kumar (2013) found that the average age of juvenile delinquents was 16.20 years of age, and the average age of non-delinquents was 16.5 years of age. Furthermore, of the delinquents, most of their crimes were committed at the age of 14.84 years of age. The creation of the juvenile justice system in 1899 in Chicago was a way of dealing with this growing problem. Since then, the juvenile justice system has been very useful in helping to evaluate, rehabilitate, and if necessary, punish juveniles that commit delinquent acts. However, the issue...
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...asserts individuality from what parents like or independence of what parents want and in each case succeeds in provoking their disapproval. This is why rebellion, which is simply behavior that deliberately opposes the ruling norms or powers that be, has been given a good name by adolescents and a bad one by adults. The reason why parents usually dislike adolescent rebellion is not only that it creates more resistance to their job of providing structure, guidance, and supervision, but because rebellion can lead to serious kinds of harm. Rebellion can cause young people to rebel against their own self-interests -- rejecting childhood interests, activities, and relationships that often support self-esteem. It can cause them to engage in self-defeating and self-destructive behavior - refusing to do school work or even physically hurting themselves. It can cause them to experiment with high-risk excitement - accepting dares that as a children they would have refused. It can cause them to reject safe rules and restraints - letting impulse overrule judgment to dangerous effect. And it can cause them to injure valued relationships - pushing against those they care about and pushing them away. So adolescent rebellion is not simply a matter of parental aggravation; it is also a matter of concern. Although the young person thinks rebellion is an act of independence, it actually never is. It is really an act of dependency. Rebellion causes the young person to depend...
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...Edward Waters College Juvenile Delinquency Casey Cooper During the late 1980's and early 1990's, the nature of offenses committed by juveniles changed. Juvenile crime grew more serious and violent, the rate of offending by females increased disproportionately, youth began entering the juvenile justice system at younger ages, and gang involvement became more prevalent. Recommendations for improving the juvenile justice system must take these changes into account. To establish a context for consideration of the future of the juvenile justice system, the workshop began with a presentation 1 of analyses of trends in juvenile arrests. The increase in juvenile arrests during the past decade driven by arrests for violent crimes -- raises concerns in light of the projected 30-percent increase in the number of 15- to 16-year-olds by 2010. While the juvenile arrest rate for property crimes remained stable during the late 1980's and early 1990's, the number of juvenile arrests for violent crimes was 67 percent greater than in 1986. Nonetheless, a relatively small percentage of juveniles are arrested for violent crimes. In 1995, the rate was 500 per 100,000, or less than one-half of 1 percent of the juvenile population. Moreover, the juvenile arrest rate for murder declined in 1994 and 1995. In 1994, 82 percent of all counties in the United States did not have even one juvenile charged with murder...
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...Incarceration in the United States of America is one of the main forms of punishment, rehabilitation, or both for the commission of felony and other offenses. The United States has the highest documented incarceration rate in the world. There were 86,927 held in juvenile facilities as of the 2007 Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement, conducted by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. There were only 70,792 juveniles in juvenile detention in 2010. The key difference between adult and juvenile incarceration is the focus on rehabilitation for underage offenders, as opposed to punishment for adult convicts. Facilities for juveniles are run very differently, and people in such jails and prisons have access to different kinds of services and support. Minors are not imprisoned with adults until after they reach the age of majority, and this isolation supports the mission of preventing future crimes and giving juveniles a second chance at successful social integration. People believe juvenile offenders need discipline and support to prevent a return to crime when they get out. Juvenile incarceration facilities share some qualities in common with adult prisons, but inmates have access to education, incentive programs, and more social services and support. Drug treatment in such facilities, for example, tends to be more readily available. Inmates in a juvenile incarceration facility usually have a very tight schedule, set to impose discipline. Like adult...
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