...Today, sexual harassment in the workplace is a very serious issue that makes going to work very stressful for many women and men all over the world. Accounting to the Anita Superson, “Sexual harassment, a form of sexism, is about domination, in particular, the domination of the group of men over the group of women. Domination involves control or power, which can be seen in the economic, political, and social spheres of society. Sexual harassment is not simply an assertion of power, for power can be used in beneficial ways. The power men have over women has been wielded in ways that oppress women. The power ex- pressed in sexual harassment is oppression, power used wrongly” (Textbook, p154). It is estimated that approximately 90% of all female employees in Canada will face some form of sexual harassment while working on the job, especially the young women and unmarried women. Sexual harassment not only creates an unhealthy work environment and negative consequences for the harassed, but it is also a violation of Human Rights and Freedoms legislation. In this essay, I will focus on the negative effect of sexual harassment and give some recommendations that can support Anita’s claim. It is important to note that women often know when they have been sexually harassed. However, I am arguing for objective justification of sexual harassment, rather than subjective, there are cases in which women are mistaken. According to Anita, the sexual harassment is the harm an action...
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...RUNNING HEAD: SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN THE WORKPLACE Sexual Harassment Peter Samuka Strayer University English 215 writing assignment Dr. Rochelle Harris September 4, 2011 Abstract This essay focuses on sexual harassment in the workplace with women suffering the most. As increasing numbers of women have joined the labor force over the last 3 decades, what has also increased is their vulnerability to unwanted attention at work. Today, the problem of sexual harassment in the workplaces is acknowledged as a serious issue, as an occupational problem and a violation of human rights. Introduction Sexual harassment against women in the workplace is becoming more of a problem for everyone than just employers alone. Women are at a disadvantage at times on account of their femininity. Men take advantage of it and apply pressure on them to have an affair with them. They trouble them in many ways; make verbal and physical gestures inviting them to compromise with them. Lawsuits filed by women, negative publicity in the media, decline in productivity occur as business establishments fail to take pro-active measures to eradicate sexual harassment in their places of work. This research essay will focus on the history, definition, negative effect on both the victim and offender, and preventative measures to take in the event of sexual harassment, and an analysis. Sexual harassment in the workplace is a problem being addressed in many societies today and feminists have raised...
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...Sexual harassment in the Hong Kong workplace Introduction As sexual harassment is a serious problem in the Hong Kong workplaces, this essay will talk about the situation of sexual harassment and some of the negative effects this may have. At the end, we will also make some possible solutions to deal with the negative impact of it. Definition Firstly, sexual harassment will be defined before describing the problem. According to Shrier (1996), sexual harassment is a type of sexual discrimination which means the unwelcome body contact or verbal communication in the workplace or academia. In Hong Kong, the Equal Opportunities Commission has a legal definition of Sexual Harassment as well. Under the Sexual Discrimination Ordinance, “If a person who is sexual harasser, he/she makes unwelcome sexual advances or unacceptable request for sexual favors or makes other unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature. It may causes the persons who have been sexually harassed may feel offended, humiliated or intimidated. Also it is prohibited in all environments. ” We may find that the above definitions are not clear. It is difficult to define the meaning of “unwelcome” and “unacceptable”. Furthermore, the definition is applied in all environments which are not specific. So it seems that lack of clear, concise, widely accepted definition of sexual harassment in the workplace. Categories There are 2 categories of sexual harassment, which is sexual coercion and sexual...
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...Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment is considered a form of sex discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) defines sexual harassment as unwelcome sexual advance, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. Sexual harassment can happen from the opposite sex as well as the same sex. There are two forms of sexual harassment; one is the most commonly know by people is called quid pro quo. It is the exchange of sexual favors for job benefits. Identifiable elements to determined quid pro quo from the case Pease vs. Alford Photo Industries are. You are a member of a protective class You were subjected to unwelcome sexual harassment in the form of sexual advances or requests for sexual favors from a supervisor or individual with authority over the plaintiff. Harassment complained of was based on sex. Submission to the unwelcome advances was an express or implied condition for receiving some form of job benefits, or refusal to submit to sexual demands resulted in a tangible job detriment. Employer knew or should have known of the harassment. The second form of sexual harassment is called Hostile work environment. Its is unwelcome conduct constituting hostile work environment harassment must be sufficiently severe or pervasive to alter the conditions of the victim’s employment and create an abusive working environment. An example of this could be...
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...students with the proper analytical tools and background information for a fruitful encounter with wide range of literary cultural traditions. The course work will enable students to appreciate and to critically analyze texts and to further develop crucial writing and communication skills. Procedure: Reading; Discussion; workshop; lecture; and the writing of papers and exercises. The quality of writing will largely determine the final grade. Required texts: * Puchner, M., et al, Eds. The Norton Anthology of World Literature, Vols. A-C, 3rd ed. Learning Goals: * Students will assess their current strengths and weaknesses as writers and make specific plans to build on their strengths and remedy their weaknesses. * Students will understand and analyze complex pieces of written information * Students will engage with differing cultural and historical perspectives * Students will draft and revise academic essays for reflective analysis, sound argumentation, and clear organization Grade Distribution: Major Assignments: Other Assignments: Final Exam 10% Weekly Reading Quizzes 10% Essay Two 30% Discussion Participation 10% Midterm Exam 10% Research Presentation 10% Essay One 20%...
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...Consensual Relationship Agreements (CRA) Case Study Many societal changes have converged within the last fifty years to create an environment where workplace romances must be addressed. The old movie scenarios where the boss (male) fooled around with the secretary (female) and the office morale plummeted because no one wanted to be the one to complain about favoritism are gone. The increase of women in the workplace and in managerial positions; increased hours spent at work; increased travel away from home; the push for equality among genders and the resulting integration of the sexes; employee sophistication regarding rights and legal redress on the job; and human resource professionals that fear being sued for sexual harassment complaints from within the employee ranks—all of these and more have resulted in the perceived need to create a document to regulate relationships on the job. The risks related to getting into an on-the-job relationship should not be taken lightly. Participants should be very sure the benefits outweigh the risks because office romances can jeopardize job security and create unease for everyone in the office. If you put individuals with common interests together for 40-plus hours per week, office romance is bound to happen, experts say. Statistics seem to bear that out: According to a 2003 survey by Vault.com, an online career center, 47 percent of the 1,000 professionals surveyed had been involved in an office romance, and another...
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...Sexual Harassment In The Military Specialist Edward J. Nofe Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 18th Military Police Brigade Grafenwoehr, Germany January 5, 2015 Joni Ernst is a well-respected United State Senator from Iowa. She has served more than 20 years in uniform. She is the first female combat veteran to serve in the Senate. She along with countless men and women in the military has been a victim of sexual harassment. The truth is nobody is immune from this problem certainly not when you still have reports ranging from inappropriate advances to sexual bribery. Sexual harassment is a form of gender discrimination that involves unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature between the same or opposite genders. Harassment differentiates from assault in the sense that harassment can be directly associated with your work setting. Sexual harassment is a form of discrimination that erodes morale and negatively impacts unit cohesion. All individuals in the unit must be treated fairly and with mutual respect .The consequences of sexual harassment affects the individual in the workplace through stress, physical fitness, and reenlistment intentions. Sexual harassment affects the unit’s effectiveness, cohesion and goal realization. Sexual harassment is not limited to the workplace, but can also occur in the work related environment. That’s why the importance of maintaining a secure and sound command climate...
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...Williams HRMG 6000 Integrated Studies in Human Resource Management Instructor: William Tomes May 18, 2014 Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………....3 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………….….4 Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978…………………………………………………..………..4 The Effects of Pregnancy Discrimination…………………………………………………………5 Determining What Counts as Pregnancy Discrimination………………………………...……….6 A Field Experiment…………………………………………………………………..……………7 General Electric Co vs. Gilbert……………………………………………………...…………….7 Asmo vs. Keane Inc…………………………………………………………………………….....8 Disparate Treatment and Disparate Impact………………………………………………..………9 Sexual Harassment…………………………………………………………………………….....10 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………….11 References………………………………………………………………………….…………….12 Abstract This essay will examine previous cases involving pregnancy discrimination. In today’s society pregnancy discrimination still exist. Research has proven that discrimination based on sex has a thorough history in the United States. Real court cases will be reviewed to show that women have endured hardship along with progress in the workplace. The court cases that will be discussed are General Electric vs. Gilbert and Asmo vs. Keane Inc. Also, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 will show improvements in regards to this dilemma. Further investigation will address disparate treatment and disparate impact. Pregnancy Discrimination in the Workplace The affects...
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...Women and Work in Canada - Sociology 345 Assignment 3 Essay Prevention of sexual harassment in the workplace is a concern in Ontario. It is agreed that sexual harassment is a form of gender discrimination and is recognized as a violation of human rights, however it still exists today. Sexual harassment violates women, lowers their self esteem, and leaves them feeling helpless, and in some cases trapped in a job that they cannot afford to quit, so they endure the harassment. Employers suffer because it creates a hostile work environment, productivity may decline, absenteeism increases and there is a high turnover of staff which can lead to the loss of valuable employees. Although there are laws and Acts that prohibit sexual harassment, it is not easy to stop. Most women attempt to deal with their situations informally instead of taking formal action because they fear reprisals, such as losing their job or being treated unfairly (Hughes & Anderson, 2010). In addition, the inherent inequalities and social conditioning that occurs between men and women plays a major role in the struggle women face within the workplace. Although the government of Ontario have put several initiatives in place to counter-act sexual harassment, it is not certain that any of these initiatives are making a positive impact on the situation. This paper will examine the different initiatives taken to negate sexual harassment against women in the workplace. According to "Women and Work in Canada:...
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...report discrimination issues ASAP. This essay will analysis a scenario with an application of the elements of this cause of action and then move to the available defenses to the employee and employer while analyzing the potential civil liability of each possible party-defendant. Analyze each of the elements of this cause of action, the applicable defenses, and the basis for the Judge's ruling. As a result, the sufficiency of articulating a cause of action become crucial, especially when claims involving torts of cheating, deception, and trickery (Marino, 2005). Sex discrimination in the workplace presents one of the most significant problems for women in the twentieth century (McDonald, 1993). In this case, a male felt like he was getting sexual harass. The cause of action in the scenario was; the Plaintiff felt like he did not get a promotion due to the Defendant sending sexual videos to his email. The Plaintiff assumed that his boss saw the sexual email when his boss walked passed his cubicle. The Plaintiff did not have any evidence that his boss saw the video nor that the video was the cause of the Plaintiff not getting the promotion. In the workplace were the Plaintiff and the Defendant work sexual harassment and sexual jokes was the norm with their team. The Plaintiff only took the defendant to court because he thought the defendant caused him a promotion. The Plaintiff admits that he participate in the sexual harassment in the workplace. The Defendant defense was...
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...week which is more than most individuals spend at home or out looking for relationships gives a person the ability to create closer relationships with the opposite sex at the work place then it would anywhere else. Because of this there have been many opinions on whether or not to make the use of Consensual Relationship Agreements a standard practice among the work place. In today’s workplaces many organizations either prohibit or sway against any romantic engagements with other employees within their workplaces however, there are other companies that tend to let it happen and look the other way. According to the Society for Human Resources Management had no policy regarding the workplace relationship (Hellriegel & Slocum, 2010). This was until the adoption of the Consensual Relationship Agreements that turned into a contract for employees to ensure they are not allowing any workplace relationships reduce the efficiency of their work and also to protect the organizations from any legal issues that may arise from the involvement of employees and the possibility of bad breakups from relationships. A Consensual Relationship Agreement is an contract between a employee and management that states that the employee will not allow any relationship in the workplace to get in the way of or impact the work environment. According to a survey nearly half of the employees have either stated that they were witness to or part of a relationship that was started and evolved in the workplace...
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...[pic] [pic] Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Practical Training Paper-V) Essay submitted by Vidya R John 1st Year LLB, 2nd Semester Sexual Harassment at Work Place [pic] It all began when Bhanwari Devi, a saathin or village-level worker in Bateri in Rajasthan's Bassi tehsil took a stand, risking her life and her family's, showing extraordinary courage in the face of a social boycott after five men raped her in 1992 when she tried to stop a child marriage. But she stood her ground. The incident changed her life and shaped the women's movement in Rajasthan. The most frightening part was that the heinous crime was committed to teach Bhanwari Devi a lesson for exposing a child marriage in the village. The five accused took it almost like a challenge to hurt Bhanwari Devi. 18 years on, Bhanwari Devi’s fight for justice continues. But after that day on September 22, 1992, the movement managed one significant victory, the Vishakha judgment of August 1997. The verdict, on a PIL filed by Vishakha and four other women's groups in Rajasthan against the State and the Union of India, provided the basic definitions of sexual harassment at the workplace and also laid down guidelines for dealing with it. Sexual Harassment affects all women in some form or the other. Lewd remarks, touching, wolf-whistles, looks are part of any woman’s life, so much so that it is dismissed as...
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...Essay for analysis Berthilde Banks Itt-Technical Institute Rush Limbaugh “The latest from the Feminist Front” In “the Latest from the feminist Front”, Rush Limbaugh’ main point and central claim is that “feminist was established in order for unattractive women could have easier access to the mainstream of society” and he also tells us that even though many people disagree on his position, it is the truth. He goes on to say that, “feminist leadership is basically anti-male”. And that is the big picture that Rush Limbaugh is trying to portray to us. The smaller narrower picture he is drawing for us is that strong feminist leaders are making it so that when any man tries to show, “any expression of interest in a woman it is harassment”. Mr. Limbaugh says, this is a turn will eventually be trailed upon by problems. These problems he says that will arise are sub claims of the claim that he has made . one of the sub claims that he states in this article, which will happen is that “men will become fearful about making any advances to women”. This meaning that men will reach the state where they will not be able to make differences between what is a friendly gesture or what would be considered a sexually oriented gesture. What approach is, or is not okay to initiate toward women. Another problem sub claim he states, which may or may not happen is that “with this trend he trivializes that some try to confuse casual flirts, and sexually interested gesture for real sexual harassment...
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...problem(s) Design and Dress Limited (DDL) has experienced problems due to the alleged harassment of one of their employees, Susie Baker, by another employee, Stephen Harding which, despite internal investigation, has now lead to a formal police report. Can DDL be held be liable for damages in respect of a possible civil claim for harassment; if so on what legal basis and to what degree. Key words or phrases Harassment Protection from harassment Employer’s liability Vicarious liability Damages/sanctions in harassment cases Obvious sources/areas of law Halsbury’s Laws Practitioner texts Statutes Statutory Instruments Case law Client objective(s) To ascertain whether DDL can be held liable for any damages in respect of civil proceedings concerning the harassment alleged, notwithstanding that Oxbridge Essays www.oxbridgeessays.com their internal complaints procedure was complied with. If so, to what degree is there anything they can do to placate the issue, and are there any steps they should be taking now. Record of research undertaken SECONDARY SOURCES Hard Copy Sources Practioner’s Texts I looked in a text called Smith and Wood’s “Employment Law”, 9th Edition. → index – looked up “vicarious liability”, specifically relating to discrimination → pp 282 – 285 This reference related to sexual discrimination, not relevant in this search but noted that s 41(1) of the Sexual Discrimination Act makes the employer vicariously liable for discrimination perpetrated...
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...Business Law Final Essay Question #2 Unfortunately, it sounds as if Carol was knowingly swindled. Whereas it would seem that Carol would be able to get John’s statements, “was a creampuff” and “this car runs like it was driven by a little, old lady”, she would not be able to. The comments that John made would be seen as puffery most likely. Puffery is unfortunately legal in the United States. A seller is allowed to make statements asserting their opinion of value that the buyer cannot rely on as the basis for the bargain. This is almost a “buyer beware” situation where John’s statements cannot be proven and are speculative in nature. “Creampuff” and “driven by a little, old lady” could also be open to interpretation. However, the statement that John made to Carol, “Definitely would pass inspection” is most definitely an express warranty. “Express warranties are specific promises made by the seller and include oral representations, written representations, descriptions of the goods or services, representations in samples and models, and proof of prior quality of the goods or services.” John made a promise to Carol and represented the car as being “definitely” able to pass inspection. The kid was also acting as an agent for Shady’s when he promised to fix Carol vehicle. Carol may run into the problem of not having a witness hear John’s statements to her and having his statements being considered hearsay. John’s statements about the car being able pass inspection could...
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