...sexually represented. This review will critically look at the arguments of the authors and the research discipline. Also, it will examine the previous literature related to the research topic. Further, the paper will examine the methodology used by the authors to analyses the study. Finally, it will discuss its findings and the contribution of the research to the study field. The study by Hatton and Trautner is an interdisciplinary study about sexuality and gender as well as the media. The above disciplines deals with the representation of sexuality and gender in the media. Also, it looks at how other issues regarding gender and sexuality affect individuals’ and the society. By examination of Braithwaite et al. (2015), it is evident that pornography influences friends and the society. Also, Hall, West and Hill (2012) shows implication of song lyrics on sexuality educators. The authors of the article have several...
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...Displaying Sexuality and Its Impact on Society Chris and JasmineIntro to Sociology June 7, 2014 Introduction In today’s society there are many ways to display ones sexual outlook on life but how is this affecting society? Some believe that teens are affected more than adults as these images are portrayed via social media sights. Society also believes that women are more to blame for advertising sexuality than men. However we are still unclear on whether displaying sexuality is important because of the pressure from society or if highly influential idols are to blame for how impacts different groups in society. Society also believes that women are more to blame for advertising sexuality than men. However we are still unclear on whether displaying sexuality is important because of the pressure from society or if highly influential idols are to blame for how impacts different groups in society. II. Applicable Sociological Concepts. a. In today’s world where sexism exist I believe that traditions carried on throughout society is what places importance on sexuality who makes the most impact and how. b. I think if women in more glamorous roles portrayed an image of beauty and success without over revealing their bodies I believe this would help change the impact displaying sex have on our society. c. Beginning new traditions of showing equality between men and women would put all assumptions to rest as to what gender in society is more influential when displaying...
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...This article is a detailed, academically supported body of work, designed to retort the following questions: How and why are semantically sexualised women used as a perceptive marketing stunt’ and ‘what role does the media play in legitimizing gender discrepancies through framing and cultivation strategies? Coaxed by the issue of female objectification in the mass media, the following research was conducted both practically, and theoretically, to overtly annunciate the social and democratic problems associated with advertised female subordination. The relative research involves a semiotic analysis of two sources, coupled with a survey of 40 candidates of varying ages. Furthermore, theoretical mechanisms of media framing and cultivation have been deconstructed throughout this article to uncover the impact of magnified female subordination on the domestic expectations of children and young adults. Through the collection of data, it was able to be conclusively recognized the impact of objectification on social attitudes. Results had shown the many conceptions concerning the female purpose, these include; a woman’s role as a domestic and sexual slave to her male partner. Through the convergence of data, semiotic analysis and academic theory, it may be meticulously understood how female objectification in the mass media is a social complication in the construction of an egalitarian future. ‘Women’s bodies are predominantly valued for its use to others’ Fredrickson & Roberts 1997 ...
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...Sexualization of Girls and Women in the United States: A Growing Epidemic Kayla Johnson Chamberlain College of Nursing Sexualization of Girls and Women in the United States: A Growing Epidemic Brittany, a freshman in High School arrives at her home after school and turns on the T.V to watch MTV music videos. She watches the T.V. as half naked girls dance in the background of male singers. She picks up her phone to get on Instagram where she scrolls through images of famous women like Rhianna and Kim Kardashian who post scantily clad images of their bodies. Brittany thinks to herself, “I wish that I looked like these girls, maybe if I looked more like them the boys at school would like me more”. Brittany’s mother gets home from work and puts dinner on the dining room table. Brittany sits down and eats only a portion of her meal because in the back of her mind she is still feeling as though her own body is inadequate, she could probably lose more weight and if only she had bigger boobs and longer legs, maybe then she would feel better about herself. She lies in bed that night and wishes that she had a better body so that she could feel beautiful and happy. If only she knew that thousands of other girls were feeling the same way, maybe she would realize that the issue isn’t her own body- the issue is the cultural emphasis on female sexualization that has become a norm in our society. Unfortunately girls all over the world are struggling with self-confidence related to...
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...Chris Mercer Mrs. Asbury ENG 100 B-51 Research Essay Dressing our Daughters The only thing on the minds of corporate leaders is profit. As more and more people take to the “Occupy Wall Street” concept, it becomes apparent that there is a great disconnect between the different classes of people. What this calls to mind is a large group of people, or the “99%” as they are known, being taken advantage of by the rich “1%” of America that make up the upper levels of our nation's companies. “Considering the growing backlash over its business practices and marketing strategies, Abercrombie (& Fitch's) profits have risen steadily,” (Lamar, 1). The only way to affect any great change is to alter the perception of people so they don't buy a certain product anymore. If it becomes a well accepted notion that a product is harming young people, the odds that people will buy that product is diminished. Showing people that something is harmful is not a guaranteed way to stop them from buying it. For instance, everyone knows that smoking is detrimental to health yet people continue to buy and smoke cigarettes. This is not to say that if everyone knows fashion trends are making young women more vulnerable to sexual predators they will stop buying it, but rather if a concerted effort is made to get certain, dangerous items off the shelves, young people will consequently be safer. It is time that society understand how the “trendy” clothing worn by young women is making them more susceptible...
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...Becoming a Gendered Body Annual Review of Sociology SOC110-M1-A3 Santina Wood Argosy University 2 Abstract Is there such thing as a hidden curriculum in school that creates bodily differences between genders? In the article “Becoming a Gendered body: Practices of Preschools”, Karin Martin uses a method of research known as field observation in order to study how this ‘hidden curriculum’ controls children’s bodily practices and turns them into girls and boys. “Gendering of the body in childhood is the foundation on which further gendering of the body occurs throughout the life course. The gendering of children’s bodies makes gender differences feel and appear natural, which allows for such bodily differences to emerge throughout the life course.” (Martin, K. 1998) 3 The information in this study came from the widespread and in depth study conducted in five preschool classrooms. In these classrooms there were boys and girls ranging from three to five years old. Four of these classrooms were located close to the campus of a large university (Preschool A), and the fifth classroom (Preschool B) was a preschool run by a catholic church in the same city. The both shared similar curriculums and routines with one exception; Preschool B contained some religious instruction requiring children to pray before their snack. In preschool B, the children’s activities focused more on the religious aspect of certain things, but most especially on holidays, where those in preschool...
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...The Evolution of Gender Performance: From Female Impersonation to Drag What started as a project about contemporary Drag performance began to take new shape upon further research. At the beginning of the semester my goal was to dissect the aesthetics of current drag performers and how their art functions to cause political and social change. However, it soon became apparent that to understand what drag is now I needed to research its past. With further historical research came the need to shift the direction of my project. I found that gender performance has always been political in some way. From the very beginning of theatre in ancient Greece to Rupaul’s Drag Race, using crossdressing in performance has always had an effect on realms of...
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...The media and prior research on the gender is based on how each person interrupts it. For the sake of Lara, many people do not want to see her as a dominant female character, when in fact she is. According to Martis and Jansz and they showed “People actively interpret what they have seen in the media and attribute specific meaning to [it]” (Jansz and Martis 142). People before hand saw females as submissive and sweet. Prior to this people were going off the notion that for example, Princess Peach and Princess Zelda, and many others game people the impression that females are portrayed as a submissive character. Now with Lara Croft’s female character created, it has created a new representation that people can interrupt that females, in fact, can play a dominant role...
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...Feminist perspectives are slowly becoming the standard for deconstructing popular culture. When doing so issues of masculine hegemony, gender roles, heteronormativity, objectivity, and an abundance of other concepts that stir up controversy are brought to the surface. Popular culture allows for the challenging of problems women have faced for many years, but it some cases is adheres to these traditions. It is vital to be able to see the overall message in a pop culture text in order to understand its implications. Some texts hold messages that were not intended to be there in the first place. There will forever be controversy when it comes to pop culture, especially when it comes to television shows, as the average Canadian watches 30 hours of T.V a week. (Ryan, 2013) When being constantly exposed to these messages it is important to know what information you are being fed. Some shows are more complex than others, and consist of mixed messages when looking at them from a feminist standpoint. One example of this would be The Mindy Project, a sitcom that first aired in 2012, and has since gained an average of $2.34 million viewers per episode, (IMDb, 2012) The Mindy Project is packed full of messages that can be depicted from a feminist standpoint, but are often blurred behind the hilarity it is known for. To give a brief synopsis of the show, Mindy Lahiri, played by Mindy Kaling, also the director of the show is the main character and also the narrator. The show is about her...
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...Globalization Versus Normative Policy: A Case Study on the Failure of the Barbie Doll in the Indian Market Priti Nemani* INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 97 I. GLOBALIZATION AND THE MULTINATIONAL ........................................ 99 A. Globalization Defined ................................................................ 99 1. The Key to the Kingdom: The Globalized Brand ............. 100 B. Barbie in the Global Economy ................................................. 102 1. Barbie‘s History................................................................. 102 2. Corporate Philosophy and Marketing Strategies behind Barbie ................................................................................ 105 II. MATTEL‘S BUSINESS VENTURES IN INDIA ......................................... 107 A. The Late 1980s: Barbie’s Tango with the License Raj ............. 107 1. The Licensing System ....................................................... 109 2. Limits on Foreign Direct Investment .................................110 3. Mattel‘s Joint Venture ......................................................... 111 B. India’s Economic Liberalization and Mattel’s Second Chance at Success...................................................................................113 1. India, the IMF, and the World Bank ...................................113 2. Mattel in India from 1993-2010 ...............................
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...Frida Kahlo: The Woman. The Artist. Why did I choose Frida Kahlo for my research paper? I choose Ms. Kahlo because she is my favorite artist. I first learned of her in middle school and immediately fell in love with her work. It was very emotionally impacting. I have included many samples of her artwork. The things she saw and accomplished prompted the sensational works that spilled out of her brush. She had not wanted to follow in the imaginative strides of her photographic artist father and granddad. Yet, take a gander at the silver coating of the deplorability of her mischance. As opposed to turning into a specialist, she painted pictures that made individuals talk and examine. She is presently unmistakable worldwide for her one of a kind representations toward oneself. Frida Kahlo was a female Mexican painter of mixed heritage, born on July 6, 1907, who lived 47 painful years before passing away on July 13, 1954. Within her short life, Frida was slightly crippled from polio, suffered from a serious streetcar accident that left her infertile, married famous muralist Diego Rivera, divorced, remarried Rivera, became a political activist and rose to fame through her oil paintings, all before succumbing to her poor health. She was an intelligent female in a society that wanted women to be pretty, submissive wives and mothers. She struggled with cultural demands of her gender in a time when women were demanding a change in their role. All these aspects of her life, and more...
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...than just touch upon the important issue of sexual assault-it goes into detail on the effects the heinous crime has on a person; more specifically, a woman. While rape can occur anywhere and at any time, it is becoming more prevalent on college campuses. As women, we are told that if we wear short or revealing clothing, drink a certain amount of alcohol, or dance around men, we are “asking” to have sexual relations with them. This topic is near and dear to my heart, as I am sure it is for a lot of women in college. Rape is more than burglary or fraud-it is an act of violence against a woman and will stay with her for the rest of her life. In his report on the sexual assaults by the University of Missoula students, Barz states, “Acts of sexual violence are vastly under-reported on college campuses and a victim of sexual assault is likely to suffer from depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, and academic problems” (Krakauer, 8). Knowing these facts and understanding that the issue of rape is a serious act of violence, why don’t more people act upon this issue or charge the accused with a punishment that he or she deserves? After conducting some research on the gut wrenching topic, I found a study done by The Avon Foundation for Women in 2013. According to the study, over 54 million Americans have been the victim of some form of sexual assault in their lifetime, this including a third of all the women in this country. One in every three women have been sexually...
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...Pageants: A Source for Strong, Productive Young Women Catina Burrell Columbia Southern University Abstract The pageant circuit has been surrounded with a lot of interest and debate since TLC’s Toddlers and Tiaras hit the airwaves, sporting fake hair and flippers! People of all ages, races, and backgrounds are debating the effects pageants are having on our children and society as a whole. Why has the issue of pageants sparked so much debate? Why it is that child activists and psychologists are so concerned for the children who enter pageants? And lastly, are pageants really that bad? There are many articles, blogs and papers that have written on this topic. This paper seeks to answer a few of the many questions surrounding pageantry. The paper brings light to the many “types” of pageant and further seeks to explain the benefits of pageantry; giving the reader a clear idea of what actually goes on in the world of pageantry. Pageants: A Source for Strong, Productive Young Women My experience with pageants is that of both a contestant and a “pageant mom.” I began competing in pageants at the age of 14. I do not come from a pageant family; my mother knew absolutely nothing about pageants and only allowed me to enter because I wouldn’t stop asking. I won the very first pageant I entered and I was hooked after that. Many pageants later, I had gained several crowns, trophies and prizes, but most importantly I had gained a heightened level of self-esteem and confidence. As...
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...Victoria’s Secret Annual Marketing Plan Table of Content 1. Executive Summary 3 2. Situational Analysis and SWOT 4 2.1 Situational Analysis 4 2.2 SWOT 5 2.3 ANSORFF Product Market Matrix 8 3. Key Issues and New Opportunities 9 3.1 Key Issues 9 3.2 New Opportunities 9 4. Marketing Objectives 9 5. Basic Marketing Strategy 10 5.1 Research 10 5.2 Target Market Identification 10 5.3 Positioning Strategy 11 5.4 Marketing Mix 11 5.4.1 Products 11 5.4.2 Price 12 5.4.3 Place / Dsitribution 12 5.4.4 Promotion 12 6. Co-branding 13 7. Competitive Advantage 13 8. Action Plan 15 9. Controls 17 1. Executive Summary Victoria’s Secret is one of, if not the most popular women’s lingerie and clothing store in the United States. They are known for their higher priced, sexy, and sometimes promiscuous clothing. Victoria’s Secret has come up with many different innovations after first opening their door, such as a make-up line, body care line, and PINK teenage line. Victoria's Secret is a globally recognized brand with its stunning models known as Runway Angels, and signature pink colour of choice for everything from logo to store décor. Founded in 1977 in San Francisco, Victoria's Secret has become a leader in the intimate apparel industry where a dazzling assortment of lingerie, beauty products, and loungewear can be purchased. The fashion shows, models, stores, and products are the favourites of men and women alike. Nonetheless...
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...CHILD ABUSE Definition: Child abuse is the physical, sexual or emotional mistreatment of children. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) define child maltreatment as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent or other caregiver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child. Most child abuse occurs in a child's home, with a smaller amount occurring in the organizations, schools or communities the child interacts with. There are four major categories of child abuse: neglect, physical abuse, psychological/emotional abuse and child sexual abuse. Different jurisdictions have developed their own definitions of what constitutes child abuse for the purposes of removing a child from his/her family and/or prosecuting a criminal charge. According to the Journal of Child Abuse and Neglect, child abuse is "any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation, an act or failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm". Causes Child abuse is a complex phenomenon with multiple causes. Understanding the causes of abuse is crucial to addressing the problem of child abuse. Parents who physically abuse their spouses are more likely than others to physically abuse their children. However...
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