ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY- 2013 Draft v4 7-3-12
1. DESCRIPTION: Understand the anatomy and physiology of the nervous, excretory and digestive system.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 Minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x II" two-sided page of notes that contain information in any form from any source and up to 2 non-programmable, non-graphing calculators. 3. THE COMPETITION: Students should know the basic anatomy and physiology of the nervous, excretory and digestive systems and how aging and specific diseases affect them. Process skills expected may include data collection, making observations, inferences, predictions, calculations, analyses and conclusions. The test may include various formats (e. g., timed stations, written test, PowerPoint slides, anatomical specimens, etc.) for the following topics: a. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM - All levels should know: 1. Functions ofthe digestive system 11. Basic anatomy of the component parts of the alimentary canal and accessory organs of digestion iii. Anatomy of the four layers ofthe wall of the alimentary canal IV. Comparison of the lining of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine v. Compare and contrast mechanical and chemical digestion vi. Physiology of chemical digestion of proteins, fats and carbohydrates vii. The effects of exercise on the digestive system viii. The diseases on each level from the cell to the whole person as listed: stomach & duodenal ulcers, cancers of the digestive system, diaiThea, lactose intolerance, hepatitis, appendicitis National Level Only: ix. Additional diseases: diverticular disease, GERD, Crohn's Disease and celiac disease x. The function of the liver and pancreas in the digestive system. How Kupffer cells work xi. Treatments and/or prevention for all conditions listed above (drugs, surgery, etc.) b. EXCRETORY SYSTEM - All levels should know: 1. Basic anatomy of the urinary system including kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra 11. Structure and function of the nephron 111. Formation of urine, GFR calculation, and concepts of tubular secretion and absorption iv. Understand the effects of ADH v. Understand disorders: Obstructive disorders, UTI's, Glomerular disorders, Renal failure National Level Only: vi. Additional diseases: Incontinence, Prostatitis, and BPH (Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy) vii. Treatments and/or prevention for all conditions listed above (drugs, surgery, etc.) c. NERVOUS SYSTEM - All levels should know:
The Brain and Sense Organs- major regions and their functions. Identification of simple encephalographic wave forms 111. Neural Impulses- Cellular anatomy and physiology of glial and supporting cells, synapses and neurotransmitters, action potential generation and propagation, ionic basis of the cellular membrane potential, cellular anatomy and physiology of neurons iv. Central Nervous System- organization of the spinal cord, purpose/functions of sleep v. Peripheral Nervous System- neuroganglia, action of sensory and motor neurons, understand differences in and purposes of parasympathetic, sympathetic, somatic, and sensory systems v1. Disorders: Epilepsy, seizures, Alzheimer's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease, shingles (herpes zoster), cerebral palsy, glaucoma, pink eye (conjunctivitis) vii. Effects of drugs: alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, and marijuana on the nervous system National Level Only: viii. The Brain- anatomy and physiology of brain function including function and role of specific nuclei clusters and tracts, theories of dreaming, purpose and principles of MRls and EEGs, Neural Impulses- Retrograde signaling . ix. Treatments and/or prevention for all conditions listed above (drugs, surgery, etc.) 4. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the in-depth Anatomy and Physiology CD (APCD) and the introductory Bio/Earth CD (BECD) are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store and Website at http://www.soinc.org
THIS EVENT IS SPONSORED BY THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE (www.sfn.org)

i. ii.

'!

ASTRONOMY
1. DESCRIPTION: Students will demonstrate an understanding ofthe basic concepts of mathematics and

physics relating to stellar evolution and Type II Supernovas. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring either two laptop computers or two 3-ring binders (any size) containing information in any form from any source, or one binder and one laptop. The materials must be 3-hole punched and inserted into the rings (notebook sleeves are allowable). Each team member is permitted to bring a programmable calculator. No Internet access is allowed. 3. THE COMPETITION: Using information which may include Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams, spectra, light curves, motions, cosmological distance equations and relationships, stellar magnitudes and classification, multi-wavelength images (X-ray, UV, optical, IR, radio), charts, graphs, animations and DS9 imaging analysis software, participants will complete activities and answer questions related to: a. Stellar evolution, including spectral features and chemical composition, luminosity, blackbody radiation, color index (B-V), and H-R diagram transitions, stellar nurseries and star formation, protostars, main sequence stars, Cepheid variables, semiregular variables, red supergiants, neutron stars, magnetars, pulsars, Wolf-Rayet stars, stellar mass black holes, x-ray binary systems, and Type D supernovas. b. Use Kepler's laws, rotation and circular motion to determine answers relating to the orbital motions of binary and multiple star systems; use parallax, spectroscopic parallax, and the distance modulus to calculate distances to Type I and Type II Cepheids. c. Identify, know the location and answer questions relating to the content areas outlined above for the following Objects: Cas A, IGR J17091, NGC 6888/WR 136, PSR J0108-1431, Cygnus X-1, SXP 1062, M1, V838 Mon, Delta Cep, a Orionis, SN 2010JL, NGC 3582, LHa115-N19, Antares/rho ophiuchi cloud complex and IC 1396. 4. SCORJNG: All questions will have been assigned a predetermined number of points. The highest score wins. Selected questions having differentiated weights will be used to break ties. RECOMMENDED RESOURCES: a. Science Olympiad Astronomy CD: Available at http://www.soinc.org store b. http:/I chandra.harvard.edu/photo/index. html c. http://www.aavso.org/ d. http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html National Science Education Standards: Science as Inquiry, Content Standard A: Use Technology and Mathematics to Improve Investigations and Communications; Formulate and Revise Scientific Explanation and Models using Logic and Evidence; Earth and Space Science, Content Standard D: The Origin and Evolution ofthe Universe (Grades 9-12).
THIS EVENT lS SPONSORED BY: Chand•·a Education and Public Outreach Office for the Chandra X-Ray Observatory

Boomilever 2013 B/C
I.

DESCRIPTION: The objective of this event is to design and build the most efficient Boomilever meeting the requirements specified in these rules. A Boomilever is a cantilevered wood and glue structure, mounted to a vertical Testing Wall, carrying a load at the outward end of the structure.

2.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 IMPOUND: NO EVENT PARAMETERS:

EYE PROTECTION: #2 MAXIMUM TIME: 10 mins

a. Each team is allowed to enter only one Boomilever, built prior to the competition. Any Boomilever design that meets the specifications below may be entered. b. Team members must wear proper eye protection during the set-up and testing of the Boomilever. Teams without proper eye protection must be immediately informed and given a chance to obtain eye protection if time allows. Teams without eye protection must not test and will be scored in Tier 4

(see 6.c.iv).
c. The Event Supervisor must provide all assessment devices, testing apparatus, hardware, and clean, dry sand or similar dry, free-flowing material (referred to subsequently as "sand") (see Section 4).
3.

CONSTRUCTIONPARAMETERS: . a. The Boomilever must be is a single structure designed to attach to one or more mounting hole(s) in the Testing Wall (4.b.ii), ftfld...support a Loading Block (4.a), and test a load up to 15.0 kg. at the outward end of the structure at the distal end of the Boomilever. b. The Contact Depth of the Boomilever on the Testing Wall at any time must not be more than 20.0 em in Division B, or 15.0 em in Division C, below the centerline of the mounting holes (4.b.ii) at any time. c. The center of the Loading Block, measured horizontally from the face of the Testing Wall, must be between 40.0 em and 45.0 em. d. The Loading Block must be initially supported at any height above the bottom edge of the Testing Wall (4.b) or no more than 25 em below the center of the mounting holes.

e. The Boomilever may have an Attachment Base for attaching it to the Testing Wall as follows: i. The Attachment Base may be one or more arts made from any type or size of wood or wood roducts J).C u m commercta available wood roducts and may be any size which can be ,rte.. accommo ate on the Testmg Wall (4.b.) and w tch does not violate rule 3.b above. ptywJ ii. Mounting holes in the Attachment Base, if used, must align with the holes in the Testing Wall. iii. When ready to test, any portion of the Attachment Base extending more than 1.3 em (1/2") from the face of the Testing Wall must meet the material requirements listed in lines 3.f, 3.g. and 3.h. iv. The Attachment Base must be a permanent part of the Boomilever, and is included in its mass. f. All parts of the Boomilever more than 1.3 em (112") from the face of the Testing Wall must be constructed of wood and bonded by glue. No other materials are permitted (e.g. no particleboard, wood composites, bamboo or grasses, paper, commercial plywood, or structural members formed with

sawdust and glue).
There are no limits on the cross section sizes or lengths of individual pieces of wood. Wood may be laminated without restriction by the team. h. Any commercially available bonding material (glue) may be used. Adhesive putty is not permitted.
g.

4.

TESTING APPARATUS:
Loading Block must be a square block measuring 5.0 em x 5.0 em x approximately 2.0 em with a hole in the center of the square faces for a 1/4" threaded eyebolt. b. The Testing Wall must be a vertical, solid, rigid surface as follows: i. The Testing Wall must be at least 40.0 em wide x 30.0 em high, minimum%" plywood or other suitable material, with a smooth, hard, low-friction surface, and must not bend noticeably when loaded. ii. The Testing Wall must have three mounting holes for W' bolts, centered approximately 5.0 em below the top of the Testing Wall, with the center hole centered on the face of the Testing Wall and the other holes 10. 0 em either side of center. The center lines of the holes must be visible on the face of the Testing Wall. iii. Three sets of W' x 7.62 em (3") minimum length bolts with 19 em(~") O.D. flat washers and wing nuts must be provided to attach the Boomilever to the Testing Wall. iv. A horizontal line must be clearly visible below the centerline of the mounting holes at 20.0 em for Division Band 15.0 em for Division C to indicate the contact depth limit. c.A 1/4" threaded eyebolt, chain and/or S-hooks must be suspended through the Loading Block. d. An ordinary five gallon plastic bucket with a handle of approximately five gallon capacity must be suspended from the chain or S-hooks, with enough clearance above the floor to allow for Boomilever deflection.
a. The

Boomilever 2013 B/C
I. DESCRIPTION: The objective of this event is to design and build the most efficient Boomilever

meeting the requirements specified in these rules. A Boomilever is a cantilevered wood and glue structure, mounted to a vertical Testing Wall, carrying a load at the outward end of the structure. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 IMPOUND: NO EYE PROTECTION: #2 MAXIMUM TIME: 10 mins 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: a. Each team is allowed to enter only one Boomilever, built prior to the competition. Any Boomilever design that meets the specifications below may be entered. b. Team members must wear proper eye protection during the set-up and testing of the Boomilever. Teams without proper eye protection must be immediately informed and given a chance to obtain eye protection if time allows. Teams without eye protection must not test and will be scored in Tier 4 (see 6.c.iv). c. The Event Supervisor must provide all assessment devices, testing apparatus, hardware, and clean, dry sand or similar dry, free-flowing material (referred to subsequently as "sand") (see Section 4). 3. CONSTRUCTION PARAMETERS: a. The Boomilever must be is a single structure designed to attach to one or more mounting hole(s) in the Testing Wall (4.b.ii), ftfl:Ei-support a Loading Block (4.a), and test a load up to 15.0 kg. at the outward end of the structure at the distal end of the Boomilever. b. The Contact Depth of the Boomilever on the Testing Wall at any time must not be more than 20.0 em in Division B, or 15.0 em in Division C, below the centerline of the mounting holes (4.b.ii) at any time. c. The center of the Loading Block, measured horizontally from the face of the Testing Wall, must be between 40.0 em and 45.0 em. d. The Loading Block must be initially supported at any height above the bottom edge of the Testing Wall (4.b) or no more than 25 em below the center of the mounting holes. e. The Boomilever may have an Attachment Base for attaching it to the Testing Wall as follows: i. The Attachment Base may be one or more arts made from any type or size of wood or wood roducts J)C u m commerc1 available woo roducts and may be any size which can be ,nc.. accommo ate on the Testing Wall (4.b.) an w 1ch does not violate rule 3.b above. ply~ ii. Mounting holes in the Attachment Base, if used, must align with the holes in the Testing Wall. iii. When ready to test, any portion of the Attachment Base extending more than 1.3 em (1/2") from the face of the Testing Wall must meet the material requirements listed in lines 3.f, 3.g. and 3.h. iv. The Attachment Base must be a permanent part of the Boomilever, and is included in its mass. f. All parts of the Boomilever more than 1.3 em (112") from the face of the Testing Wall must be constructed of wood and bonded by glue. No other materials are pe1mitted (e.g. no particleboard, wood composites, bamboo or grasses, paper, commercial plywood, or structural members formed with sawdust and glue). g. There are no limits on the cross section sizes or lengths of individual pieces of wood. Wood may be laminated without restriction by the team. h. Any commercially available bonding material (glue) may be used. Adhesive putty is not permitted. 4. TESTING APPARATUS: a. The Loading Block must be a square block measuring 5.0 em x 5.0 em x approximately 2.0 em with a hole in the center of the square faces for a 114" threaded eyebolt. b. The Testing Wall must be a vertical, solid, rigid surface as follows: i. The Testing Wall must be at least 40.0 em wide x 30.0 em high, minimum Y-1" plywood or other suitable material, with a smooth, hard, low-friction surface, and must not bend noticeably when loaded. ii. The Testing WaH must have three mounting holes for W' bolts, centered approximately 5.0 em below the top of the Testing Wall, with the center hole centered on the face of the Testing Wall and the other holes 10.0 em either side of center. The center lines of the holes must be visible on the face of the Testing Wall. iii. Three sets of W' x 7.62 em (3") minimum length bolts with 19 em (Y4~') O.D. flat washers and wing nuts must be provided to attach the Boomilever to the Testing Wall. iv. A horizontal line must be clearly visible below the centerline of the mounting holes at 20.0 em for Division B and 15.0 em for Division C to indicate the contact depth limit. c.A 114" threaded eyebolt, chain and/or S-hooks must be suspended through the Loading Block. d. An ordinary five gallon plastic bucket with a handle of approximately five gallon capacity must be suspended from the chain or S-hooks, with enough clearance above the floor to allow for Boomilever deflection.

e. The Event Supervisor must verify that the combined mass of the Loading Block, chain, bucket, sand,

and attaching hardware is at least 15.000 kg and not more than 15.300 kg prior to testing. f.At the event supervisor's discretion, more than one testing apparatus may be used to ensure all teams can compete in a timely manner.

s. COMPETITION:
a. No alterations, substitutions, or repairs may be made to the Boomilever after check-in for competition.

b.
c.

d. e.

f.

Once teams enter the event area to compete, they must not leave or receive outside assistance, materials, or communication until they are finished competing. All Boomilevers must be assessed prior to testing for compliance with construction parameters. Team members must place their Boomilevers on the scale for the Event Supervisor to determine the Boomilever mass, in grams to the nearest 0.01 g. Team members must have a maximum often minutes to set up and test their Boomilevers either to the maximum load or failure. Team members must attach the Boomilever to the Testing Wall using any one or more of the mounting holes and bolts and may insert the bolts from either side of the wall. Teams must assemble the Loading Block, eyebolt, chain and/or S-hooks, and hang the bucket, as required to load the Boomilever. Team members may disassemble the block and eyebolt if necessary to set up the test. Teams must adjust the Loading Block to be within the permitted distance from the Testing Wall.

Foilut-e to support the LoadiBg Bleelt withiB the permitted distoaee is a CONSTRUCTION vielotioB. g. The Boomilever must not be attached or hool~ilevt. supported at time of failure (see 6.a.), measured to the nearest gram or best precision available!' in £-ont"-c.+ Loading must stop immediately when a failure occurs, when any part of the ·attaelnHent base goes i"k1 below the lower limit line on the Testing Wall, or when time expires. The Event Supervisor may remove any sand added after failure.

k.

Failure is defined as: the inability of the Boomilever to carry any additional load or any part of the load is supported by anything other than the Boomilever.
Pending no arbitrations, teams may take their Boomilevers with them after testing. If a Boomilever is removed there can be no further challenges for scoring or ranking.

I.
6.

SCORING:
a. The Load Scored (in grams) must not eJweed 15.000 kg will be the load supported or 15.000 kg if the load supported is greater than 15.000 kg, and includes the mass of all testing apparatus supported by the Boomilever. The least load scored must be the mass of the Loading Block. Boomilevers which cannot support the Loading Block will be ranked in Tier 4.
b.

Boomilevers must be scored and ranked within each tier according to the highest score: Score = Load Scored (g)/Mass of Boomilever (g)

c. Boomilevers will be scored in four tiers as follows: i. Tier 1: Boomilevers meeting all the Construction Parameters and no Competition Violations. ii. Ti~r 2: .Boomilevers not meeting one or more Constmction Parameters~n~ no Competition iii. T1er 3:

. V.10lat10ns.

Boomllevers w1th one or more Competition V10latwns.

.

.

..

.

.

v11;;11jw"'\S

iv. Tier 4: Boomilevers unable to be loaded for any reason (e.g. cannot be mounted on testing Wall, cannot accommodate loading block, or failure to wear eye protection) are ranked by lowest mass.
d. e.

Ties: are broken by this sequence: 1. Lowest Boomilever Mass; 2. Least Contact Depth. Example scores: i. Mass = 14.2 g, load scored = 13,235 g, score = 932.04 ii. Mass= 16.9 g, load scored= 15,000 g, score= 887.57 iii. Mass= 10.3 g, load scored= 15,000 g, contact depth= 20.4 em; score= 1456.31 (tier 2)

CHEMISTRY LAB 1. DESCRIPTION: Teams will complete one or more tasks and answer a series of questions involving the Science processes of chemistry focused in the areas of periodicity and equilibrium. A TEAM OFUP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPRO X. TIME: 50 min. 2. EVENTPARAMETERS: a. Students: must bring goggles and a writing implement and may bring a non- ~.. programmable, non-graphing calculator, but no reference materials are allowed. : ·· .~; b. Supervisors: must provide whatever other reagents/glassware are appropriate for the · '. . A }.:' tasks students are asked to do (e.g., Periodic Table, table of standard reduction potentials, any constants needed, etc.) c. Safety Requirements: Students must wear the following or they will not be allowed to participate: closedtoed shoes, ANSIZ87 indirect vent chemical splash goggles (seehttp://soinc.org), pants or skirts that cover the legs to the ankles, and additionally a long sleeved lab coat that reaches the wrists and the knees or a long sleeved shirt that reaches the wrists with a chemical apron that reaches the knees. Chemical gloves are optional. Students who unsafely remove their safety clothing/goggles or are observed handling any of the material or equipment in a hazardous/unsafe manner (e.g., tasting or touching chemicals or flushing solids down a drain and not rinsing them into a designated waste container provided by the supervisor) will be disqualified from the event. 3. THECOMPETITION: The competition will consist of a series of tasks similar to those in first year high school courses. These tasks could include hands-on activities, questions about each topic, interpretation of experimental data (graphs, diagrams, etc.), and/or observation of an experiment set up & running. Supervisors are encouraged to use computers or calculators with sensors/probes. Students may be asked to collect data using probe ware that has been setup & demonstrated by the Supervisor. Or the supervisor may provide students with data sets collected by such sensors/probes following demonstration of the data collection. Data will be presented in a tabular and/or graphic format & students will be expected to interpret the data. Students should be aware that nomenclature, formula writing & Stoichiometry are essential tools of chemistry & may always be included in the event. Stoichiometry includes mole conversions & percentage yield. For purposes of nomenclature & formula writing, students are expected to know the symbols & charges for the following ions: nitrate, carbonate, phosphate, acetate, sulfate, ammonium, bicarbonate & hydroxide. Students should know how to use the "ite" form of anion (one less oxygen than the "ate" form) and should be able to use the periodic table to obtain the charge for monatomic ions (e.g., Na+, S 2). 4. SAMPLE QUESTIONS a. Periodicity: Students should understand the periodic nature of the elements. Knowledge about periodicity should be demonstrated conceptually (by predicting or explaining trends) or where possible experimentally (by collecting and/or accounting for data). Questions and activities will be chosen from the following topics: 1. Physical properties (e.g., atomic & ionic radii, ionization energy, melting point, electro-negativity, etc.) 2. Electronic structure and bonding formation (e.g., ionic vs. covalent, charges on ions, etc.) 3. Chemical properties (e.g., precipitate formation, solubilities, reactions with acids, etc.). b. Equilibrium: Students must be able to write equilibrium reactions, predict the direction of a reaction using Le Chatelier's Principle, calculate an equilibrium constant, & use equilibrium constants to determine concentrations. Tasks will be chosen from the following: 1) Use a titration/data of a weak acid/base with a strong acid/base to calculate an equilibrium constant. 2) Investigate an equilibrium reaction and determine what happens when it is stressed. 3) Stoichiometry of equilibrium reactions. 4) Construct/use a standard absorption curve to determine an equilibrium constant. 5) Use a calorimeter to predict a curve. 6) At state & national levels, knowledge/application of eq1.1ilibrium to separate chemicals may be included. 5. SCORING: Equilibrium: 50% & Periodicity: 50%. Time may be limited at each. task, but will not be used as a tiebreaker or for scoring. All ties will be broken by selected questions chosen by the supervisor that mayor may not be identified to the students. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Cbem/Phy Sci CD (CPCD) are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org

CIRCUIT LAB 1. DESCRIPTION: Students will compete in activities involving knowledge of direct current (DC) Electrical Circuits. The event may include hands-on experimentation and/or problem solving. A typical event will consist of both a theoretical portion and a practical portion (e.g., qHestions reqHiring knowledge in eirel:lit analysis teehniql:les sl:leh as Ohm's La\v) (e.g., questions reqHiring knovt'ledge in the use of eqHipment sueh as a multimeter). A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Students are only allowed to use any notes and/or non programmable calculators. Notes must be 3-hole punched and secured in a 3-ring binder of any size, so that regardless of orientation nothing falls out. Notes, books, or eompl:lters are not allo·Ned. Calculators must not have external probes or sensors of any type attached to them. The event supervisor will provide any needed measurement equipment such as multimeters or computer probes. Students may bring their own basic multimeters for use in place of event supervisor provided ones. 3. THE COMPETITION: a. The competition will consist of tasks and questions related to DC electrical circuits. 50°/o of the score must be from the practical portion (hands-on tasks/applications), and 50% must be from the theoretical portion (written questions). The e•;ent supervisor will provide a sheet of any needed mathematieaJ relationships. The competition must consist of at least one task/question from each of the following areas: i. DC circuits concepts, definitions and principles (e.g., voltage and current sources, EMF, resistance, applications of series and parallel circuits, voltage dividers, impedance matching) ii. DC circuit analysis theory (e.g., Ohm's Law, parallel and series resistors, Kirchhoffs Laws, node and mesh analysis, Norton and Thevenin equivalents) iii. DC circuit analysis practice (e.g., the use of voltmeters, ammeters, ohmmeters and multimeters, resistor color codes and their uses in series and parallel circuits, wheatstone bridges) iv. Intermediate DC circuits concepts, definitions and principles (e.g., electrical SI base and derived units, capacitance, ideal diodes, electron current, RC circuits) b. Supervisors are encouraged to use measurement equipment (e.g., computer or calculator sensors/probes, multimeters, etc.) wherever possible or provide students with data sets collected by equipment following demonstration of the data collection. If used, data will be presented in a tabular and/or graphic format and students will be expected to interpret the data. 4. EXAMPLES OF CIRCUIT LAB STATIONS/ QUESTIONS: a. The Event Supervisor provides a pre-assembled circuit ":)(lr..< consisting of resistors in parallel and/or series and one or more DC voltage sources. Students will be asked to determine electric potential difference between specified locations within - 111 the circuit, cmTents, resistance, and power dissipation in -._- 150 v different parts of the circuit. 450 b. Given the adjacent circuit diagram, students are asked to calculate the current, voltage and/or power in various labeled components. 5. SCORING: Points will be awarded for correct answers and/or proper technique. Ties will be broken using a designated task or question(s). The event supervisor will identify the tie breaker question(s) or task(s) on the answer form provided to the students at the beginning of the competition period. If more than one competition period is used, the tie breaker(s) will be the same for all periods. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Chem/Phy Sci CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store and Website at http://www.soinc.org · National Science Education Standard: Content Standard B: As a result of their activities in grades 9-12, all students should develop an understanding of interactions of energy and matter.

DESIGNER GENES (C) - 2013 Draftv6 (7-3-12)

1. DESCRIPTION: Students will solve problems using their knowledge of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology.
A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 min.

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes that contain information in any form from any source and up to 2 nonprogrammable, non-graphing calculators 3. THE COMPETITION: This event may be run at stations and may include observations, inferences, predictions, data analysis, and calculations. Every attempt should be made to avoid over-emphasis on a particular area. At the various levels, possible areas to be tested are limited to the following topics:

fi~~&fon~!~!~~§.iaie~~=::~~~~~:=:~=~~-~~=--Li!.~~~!!!~nd_§iai~~=~=:~~.:~==:~~ili!~~r(~~~~-pf!~i~~:::~·~~··:~

r·-§~1-§~:~~~n!f~{~~E f· _f.t~Jl~!~2.!!
!
r

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . -t*fFt~~:r1·~~~~g/RFLP. . . . . . . . .r.-~li~~~~dr~f1§~~-. . . . . . . . .
DNA Sequencing DNA Repair

j

i..-~~~S..~!!!i..Q.!!)____,_,___,___,............__,_,,__,____,_,_,____ -·------·-""""'""""''"'--·--··"------.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control and detection of gene

Gene expression (transcription and

. . . . . . . . . . . ,____,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '"'""'"' '"""'"' '"""'"' """'"'""'""""""""'""""---·· -""'"""""""'""'"-"""""'"'"""'"'""""""""-·"'""""""'"'"'" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -.. . . . . . ._,__,__,___. .,.. . . . . . . . . . ..

4. EXAMPLES:

a~-==--=-t~~-==-1lr~

I Plasmid selection and isolation

""·-----"""'"""'"''"""""'"""""-""""""""'""'-"""""'""'""""""'""""""j

Post- transcriptional

I

a. Which among several DNA sequences would result in a different amino acid sequence? b. A cell biologist introduced radio-labeled thymine into the cell culture medium. After one round of replication, what percent of the daughter cells would be radioactive? c. Describe how RNA is processed post-transcriptionally. d. Explain why restriction digestion of DNA results in unique banding patterns after gel electrophoresis. e. Describe the structure of the lac and trp operons and how metabolite levels affect their regulation. 5. SCORING: Highest number of correct solutions will determine the winner. Selected questions may be used as tiebreakers.
Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Bio/Earth CD and the Genetics CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store and Website at http://www.soinc.org

I_[ ___JI.J!

.lllllll.!li.LL._JJ

DISEASE DETECTIVES -2013 Draft-5-20-12
1.

DESCRIPTION: Students will use their investigative skills in the scientific study of disease, injury, health, and disability in populations or groups of people with a focus on Environmental Quality. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: SO minutes

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes that contain information in any form from any source and up to 2 non-programmable, non-graphing calculators. 3. THE COMPETITION: Sample Problems and Resources may be found at http://www.soinc.org a. This event combines a basic understanding of biological and physical agents that cause disease with an ability to analyze, interpret, evaluate and draw conclusions from simple data and communicate results to peers. Students should be able to distinguish between infectious and non-infectious health burdens. b. A broad definition of health will be used for this event. Potential topics include health as well as illness (mental, physical, infectious, chronic, environmental, societal, genetic, injuries and health behaviors). c. This event will include questions based on: i. Study design and data collection ii. Creating graphic displays of data iii. Interpreting trends and patterns of epidemiologic data iv. Recognizing and accounting for potential sources of error (e.g. random, systematic, confounding and various types of bias). C Division only v. Communicating results d. Students will be presented with one or more descriptions of public health problems such as an outbreak of food poisoning, a cluster of cases of West Nile encephalitis or state data on bicycle injuries. e. Based on these descriptions, they will be expected to do the following: i. Generate hypotheses and recognize various fundamental study designs. ii. Evaluate the data by calculating and comparing simple rates and proportions. iii. Identify patterns, trends and possible modes of transmission, sources or risk factors. iv. Recognize factors such as study design/biases that influence results (more for Div. C-less for Div. B). v. Propose interventions based on promoting positive health behaviors, eliminating or reducing risks of environmental exposures, or disrupting clearly identifiable chains of transmission. vi. Translate results/findings into a public health/prevention message for identified populations at risk. f. They will also be expected to: i. Define basic epidemiological and public health terms (e.g., outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, surveillance, risk, vector, fomite, zoonosis, etc.). ii. Recognize various categories of disease causing agents & give examples of illnesses caused by each. iii. Recognize and understand differences between the major groups of infectious agents (e.g., viruses, bacteria, protistans, fungi and animals). iv. Recognize examples of va:rious epidemiologic and public health phenomena such as types of outbreaks and modes of transmission. g. Calculations and mathematical manipulations should be part of the competition. Data may be contrived or modified to make it more appropriate for this age group as long as it does not radically alter results or interpretation. h. Process skills may include hypothesis, observations, inferences, predictions, variable analysis, data analysis, calculations, and conclusions. i.' The level of questioning for B/C competitions should reflect the age-appropriateness for the two groups. j. The event format may be exam-based, station-based or a combination of both. 4. SCORJNG: a. Points will be assigned to the various questions and problems. Both the nature of the questions and scoring rubric should emphasize an understanding that is broad and basic rather than detailed and advanced. b. Depending on the problem, scoring may be based on a combination of answers, including graphs/charts, explanations, analysis, calculations, and closed-ended responses to specific questions. c. Points should be awarded for both quality and accuracy of answers, the quality of supporting reasoning, · and the use of proper scientific methods. d. Highest number of points will determine the winner. Selected questions may be used as tiebreakers. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Disease Detective CD are available at http://www.soinc.org.

[cq-g

THIS EVENT IS SPONSORED BY THE U.S. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

5.

SAMPLE PROBLEMS: Students will read a series of reports or summaries of reports adapted from newspapers, scientific publications or Internet sites dealing with outbreaks or other public health problems in a community or population. They will then answer a series of questions related to the epidemiology of the problem and potential intervention or prevention activities. a. When given a line listing of symptoms, onsets and outcomes in a group of persons associated with an outbreak, students will be able to calculate frequency distributions for symptoms and the average incubation periods (when given exposure time). b. When given a description of a public health problem (outbreak or case-cluster), students will be able to determine the most likely category of agent involved in the problem and either come up with likely agents or describe a series of steps that would lead to an identification of the agent. c. When given examples of epidemic curves, students will be able to identify those from point source outbreaks, continuing source outbreaks and person-to-person transmission. d. When given examples of reservoirs, vectors or exposure sources for particular diseases, students will be able to propose a group of reasonable prevention and control strategies. e. When given a description of the distribution of a disease in terms of person, place, and time, students will be able to generate hypothesis about what lifestyle or environmental factor(s) might be causing the disease. f. When given an example of a possible relationship between a lifestyle or environmental exposure and a certain disease, students should be able to describe possible explanations for finding the relationship. The student should be able to describe the most likely explanation(s) for the relationship. g. When given an example of a known relationship between a lifestyle or environmental exposure and a certain disease, students should be able to describe a variety of possible prevention and control strategies and the strengths and limitations of each. h. When given an example of a prevention I control strategy, students should be able to describe the best study design for determining the effectiveness of the strategy. Students should be able to describe why the study design is better than others. Students should be able to describe the evidence from which they would infer the success or failure of the strategy.

Resources: The following websites and their links contain material that may be useful to event supervisors, coaches and competitors. www.cdc.gov/excite - Centers for Disease Control Office of Science Education - includes primer of epidemiology, problem sets and examples. www.montclair.edu/detectives - Montclair State University site with a curriculum for teaching epidemiology at the middle school level. http://www.collegeboard.com/yes- Young Epidemiology Scholars program- in addition to information on competition, this site contains a number of teaching modules that can be used in training. Although targeted at a high school audience, this material may be useful for training competitors at the middle school level.
THIS EVENT IS SPONSORED BY THE U.S. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC)

DYNAMIC PLANET: EARTH'S FRESH WATERS 1. DESCRIPTION: Students will use process skills to complete tasks related to glaciation and long-term climate change. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring four 8.5" x 11" double-sided pages of notes containing

information in any form from any source and bring up to two non-graphing calculators.

3. THE COMPETITION: Participants will be presented with one or more tasks, many requiring the use of process skills (i.e., observing, classifying, measuring, inferring, predicting, communicating, and using number relationships) from the following topics: a Glacial formation, mass-balance, and flow ~Oil~~(\ b. Glacier and ice sheet types and forms (alpfue and continental) c. Glacial erosion, erosional landforms, and sediment transport d. Glacial depositional landforms and sediments e. Interpretation of glaciers and glacially altered landscape features shown on USGS topographic maps f. Periglacial environment processes and landforms g. Glaciers in the hydrologic cycle: impacts on climate, streams, lakes, and oceans, sub-glacial hydrology, isostatic effects on Earth's crust h. Pleistocene and pre-pleistocene glacial history: evidence and chronology i. Theories explaining glacial and ice sheet advance and retreat: e.g., Milankovich cycles j. Glaciers as indicators of modern global climate change
4. REPRESENTATIVE TASKS:

a. Analyze and interpret features and actions of a mountain glacier appearing on a topographic map including elevation, gradient, ablation and accumulation zones, direction of flow, medial moraines, crevasses, valley shapes, erosional landscapes, and depositional features b. Analyze a geologic map of glacial deposits to determine the sequence of events over the course of several episodes of advance and melt-back c. Interpret oxygen isotope data from a sediment core to identify changes in sea level caused by glacial advance and melting
5. SCORJNG: Points will be awarded for the quality and accuracy of responses. Ties will be broken by the

accuracy and/or quality of answers to pre-selected questions.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Bio/Earth CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org.

ELASTIC LAUNCH GLIDER
DESCRIPTION: The object of this event is to design, build and test two elastic-launched gliders designed for the highest time aloft. This event challenges students to build and test gliders that must be launched at floor level, ascend to a high point and then transition into a slow descending glide pattern. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROX. TIME: 6 MJNS EYE PROTECTION: #5 IMPOUND: NO 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: a. Teams bring up to 2 gliders and flight log(s). Teams may bring any tools. b. Competitors must wear eye protection rated ANSI Z87+ while in the cordoned area of the competition. Teams without proper eye protection must be immediately informed and given a chance to obtain eye protection iftime allows, otherwise they will not be allowed to compete and are scored as a no-show. c. The Event Supervisor must provide all measurement tools and timing devices. 3. CONSTRUCTION PARAMETERS: a. Each glider may be constructed from published plan(s), commercial kits and/or student designs. b. The functional components of the glider (fuselage, tail assembly and wings) must be constructed only from wood, foam, paper, plastic film, carbon fiber, and glue. Ballast may be any malleable nonmetallic substance. The functional components may be attached to each other using tape, thread or glue. Kits must not contain any pre-glued joints or pre-covered surfaces. c. The total mass of the glider throughout the flight must be less than ~10.0 grams. d. Each glider must be labeled so that the event supervisor can easily identify to which team it belongs. e. Fuselage ma>dmum length is 30.0 em long. Wingspan may not exceed 30.0 em. The nose of the fuselage must blunt, such that if inserted into a lip balm cap with an inner depth of ,..,15.7mm and an inside diameter of ,..,13. 7mm(GET DIMENSIONS,) it will not touch the end of the cap (INSERT DIAGRAM.) with a radius greater than a dime. f. The launch handle (including the attachments for the elastic/rubber loop, but not the rubber loop itself) must not exceed 15.0 em measured along its longest dimension. May be of any safe configuration. i. The handle must be made using a non balsa hardvt'eod dowel. ii. The handle may hB:'t•e padding or contoured grips for flier's comfort. iii. There is no limit to the length or width of the elastic/rubber loop. 4. THE COMPETITION: a. The event must be held indoors. Tournament officials must announce the room dimensions (approximate length, width and ceiling height) in advance of the competition. Tournament officials and the Event Supervisor are urged to minimize the effects of environmental factors such as air currents (e.g. doors, fans). b. Once competitors enter the cordoned off competition area to trim, practice or compete, they must wear goggles and not receive outside assistance, materials, or communication. Teams violating this rule will be ranked below all other teams. There must be a separate area designated for spectators. c. Each team must present a flight log of recorded data during inspection that includes at least 4 parameters (3 required and at least 1 additional) for at least 10 test flights prior to the competition: three required: 1) estimated/recorded peak flight height after launch, 2) approximate length of elastic launch loop (relaxed), and 3) Flight Time and The team must choose one additional parameter beyond those required (e.g., orbit diameter, cross section of elastic launch loop, height at transition to glider, launch angle, etc.) d. At the Supervisor's discretion, test flights may occur throughout the contest but will yield to any official flight. No test flights will occur in the last half-hour of the event. e. Multiple gliders may fly at once according to Supervisor's direction. · f. A self-check inspection station may be made available to competitors for checking their glider and launch handle dimensions prior to being checked by the officials.
I.

g. Team Members must present their event materials (glider, catapult and log) for inspection immediately

h. i.

j. k.

I.

m.

n.

o.

prior to a team's H official flights. Event Officials are strongly urged to return flight logs after inspection. Timers will follow teams as they prepare and launch their gliders. Teams may make up to a total of~ 5official flights using 1 or 2 gliders or launch handles Teams will be given a 6-minute "Flight Period", starting when their first flight after check-in (trim or official) begins. Any flight beginning within the 6-minute period will be permitted to fly to completion. Competitors may make any adjustments/repairs/trim flights and may switch gliders or catapults during their 6-minute Flight Period. Teams must declare before any launches during their Flight Period whether it is an official flight or trim flight. If teams do not indicate the flight type before the launch, it must be considered official. Teams must not be given extra time to recover or repair their gliders. The team may select any previously and currently approved glider or catapult for each official flight. The timing official must measure and record the "Time Aloft" in hundredths of a second for each flight. Time Aloft for each flight starts when the glider leaves the competitor's hand and stops when any part of the glider touches the floor or stops moving due to an obstruction (such as a glider landing on a girder, or basketball hoop). Event supervisors are strongly encouraged to utilize 3 independent timers on all flights. The middle value of the 3 timers will be the officially recorded time, to the nearest O.Ols. If requested by an official, launches must only be made when competitors rotate 360° in place before any launch (to avoid floor level obstructions) and each glider is aimed above level and no lower than any bleachers no lower than any point on the ceiling. (eampetitars must Bat aim fa:r the walls, speetatars, law ahstruetiaBs, ete.) The Event Supervisor may permit other official flights during the flight of another team's glider. Timers are allowed to delay a launch to avoid a possible obstruction. Competitors must not steer their gliders during the flight. In the unlikely event of a collision with another glider, a team may elect are-flight. The decision to re-fly may be made after the glider lands. The eight-minute period does not apply to such a flight.

5. SCORING: The base score is the sum of the team's two longest flight times. Ties will be broken by the

longest non-scored flight time. a. Teams with incomplete flight logs must have 10% of their flight time deducted from each flight. b. Teams without flight logs must have 30% of their flight time deducted from each flight c. Teams with rule violations under "Construction" or "The Competition" that do not have a penalty must be ranked after all teams that do not violate those rules.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 1. DESCRIPTION: This event will determine a team's ability to design, conduct, and report the findings of an experiment actually conducted on site.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 3 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Students must bring ANSI Z87 indirect vent chemical splash goggles and a writing instrument(s). Students may also bring a timepiece, a ruler, and a non-programmable calculator. Chemicals that require other safety clothing will not be used.

3. THE COMPETITION:
a. Supervisors must provide teams with identical sets of materials at a distribution center or in a container. The materials will be listed on the board or placed on a card for each team. If provided, both the card and the container will be considered part of the materials. The identity of the materials is to remain unknown until the start of this event and will be the same for each team. The students must use at least two of the provided materials to design and conduct an experiment. b. The supervisor must assign a question/topic area that determines the nature of the experiment. The assigned question/topic area should be the same for all teams and allow students to conduct experiments involving relationships between independent and dependent variables (like height vs. distance). c. The students will be given an outline (patterned after the scoring rubric) to follow when recording/reporting their experiment with additional paper to record data, graphs and procedures. d. When the teams are finished, all materials must be returned to the event supervisor along with all written materials. The content of the report must be clearly stated and legible. 4. SCORING: Scoring of the event will be done using the scoring rubric at the bottom of this page. Zero points will be given for an inappropriate or no response. Points will be awarded dependent upon the completeness of the response. Ties will be broken by comparing the point totals in the scoring areas in the following order: Total points for !-Variables, 2-Procedure, 3-Analysis of Results, 4-Graph, 5-Data Table. Any team not following proper safety procedures will be asked to leave the room and will be disqualified from the event. Any student not addressing the assigned question or topic area will be ranked behind those who do, because not conducting an experiment is a violation of the spirit of the event.

I

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN RUBRIC/REfORTING FORM
a. Statement of Problem: Experimental Question (2 Points) b. Hypothesis: Including prior knowledge that contributed to hypothesis (4 Points) c. Variables: 1. Constants: (Controlled Variables) Factors that are purposefully kept the same (4 Points) ii. Independent Variable: Factor being manipulated (3 Points) iii. Dependent Variable: Factor being measured which responds (3 Points) d. Experimental Control (where applicable): (Standard of Comparison) (2 Points) e. Materials (3 Points) f. Procedure: Including Diagrams (6 Points) g. Qualitative Observations During Experime~t & Summary of Results: (4 Points) h. Data Table: Including Use of Significant Figures for Division C (6 Points) i. Graph(s): (6 Points) J. Statistics: Div. B: Average (mean), median, mode, range, or drawn in line of best-fit (2 Points) Div. C all of B: + standard deviation and any other relevant statistics that teams choose (4 Points) k. Analysis of Results: Interpretation (4 Points) 1. Possible Experimental Errors including identified human errors (3 Points) m. Conclusion: Include why your results did or did not support the hypothesis: (4 Points) n. Recommendations for Further Experimentation Based on Your Data & Practical Applications: (4 Points)

Hints: a Statement of problem should not have a yes or no answer. It should be specific to the experiment being conducted and is not the same as the assigned topic area. b. Experiments should consist·ofrepeated trials. c. Variables should be operationally defined. d. Experiments should be simple and have only one independent and one dependent variable. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Experimental Design Guide or CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org

FERMI QUESTIONS

1. DESCRIPTION: A "Fermi Question" is a science related question that seeks a fast, rough estimate of a quantity, which is either difficult or impossible to measure directly. For example, the question "How many drops of water are there in Lake Erie?" requires an estimate of the volume of a drop, the volume of Lake Erie from its approximate dimensions and conversion of units to yield an answer. The answers should be an estimate within an order of magnitude recorded in power(s) often.
A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Calculators, computers, slide rules, reference sheets, etc., are not allowed. Bring pencils. Teams are allowed to finish before the allotted time: they should hand in their answer sheet, have the time recorded by the event supervisor, and exit the room quietly.

3. THE COMPETITION:
a. Each team will have the same amount of time to answer as many questions as possible. b. All Teams competing in a given time block will be quizzed together and will be given no feedback during the contest. c. One teammate will be designated to serve as the team captain and will indicate on the score sheet the team's answers. d. All answers are to be written to the correct power often (exponent) as follows: For a number in the form CxlOE, the guide for rounding of the coefficient (C), is: ifC is 5 or greater (to 9.99 ... ), round C up to 10. lfC is below 5 (and greater than 1), round C down to 1. For example, if the number is 4.99 x 106, you record 6 as your answer. If it is 5. 001 x 1O\ the correct power of ten is 4. Responses recorded as 5. 00 1 x 103 on the answer sheet will be marked as incorrect. e. Positive exponents are the default. For negative exponents, the minus (-) sign must be included in the answer. If the number is 1.5x10"3, the correct power often is -3. 4. SCORING: High score wins. Ties are broken by counting the highest number of answers that receive five (5) points. If the number of 5-point answers is the same, time is used as the second tiebreaker.

If the response is:
Equal to the accepted value accepted value . ±2 of the accepted value
± 1 of the

It earns: 5 points 3 points 1 point

Scoring Example: If the accepted value is seven and the response given is 7; then five (5) points are awarded. A response of 6 or 8 receives three (3) points and a response of 5 or 9 receives one (I) point. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Problem Solving/ Technology CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www .soinc.org

FORENSICS

1. DESCRIPTION: Given a scenario and some possible suspects, students will perform a series of tests. These tests, along with other evidence or test results will be used to solve a crime. A TEAM OFUP T0:2 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: a. Students may bring only these items: i. test tubes and test tube holders or any devices in which they can pe1form the tests ii. droppers 111. funnel(s)and/or filter paper IV. pH or litmus paper v. spatulas, plastic spoons, and/or stirring rods v1. 9-voltconductivitytester (no testers will be allowed that run on AC current) vii. thermometer viii. flame test equipment (nichrome wire, cobalt blue glass, etc.) ix. slides & cover slips b. Supervisor will provide: i. iodine reagent (h dissolved in KI solution) n. 2M HCl m. 2MNaOH IV. Benedict's solution v. a hot water bath VI. a Bunsen burner or equivalent BTU heat source to perform flame tests vu. a waste container vm. chromatography materials (e.g., beakers, Petri dishes, etc.) ix. a wash bottle with distilled water hand lens writing instruments xii. a pencil and ruler (for chromatograms) xiii. paper towels xiv. metal tongs xv. Each team may bring one 8.5" x 11" twosided page of notes containing information in any form from any source xvi. a non-programmable calculator Note: Students not bringing these items will be at a disadvantage. The event supervisor will not provide them.
XI.

EYE PROTECTION :#4

APPROXIMATETIME:SO minutes

x.

The supervisor may provide: x. other equipment (e.g., a microscope, probes, etc.) or xi. candle & matches if fibers given, or xii. differential density solutions or other density of method of determining polymers if plastics given or xiii. reagents to perform other tests

c. Safety Requirements: Students must wear the following or they will not be allowed to participate: closedtoed shoes, ANSIZ87 indirect vent chemical splash goggles (seehttp://soinc.org), pants or skirts that cover the legs to the ankles, and additionally a long sleeved lab coat that reaches the wrists and the knees or a long sleeved shili that reaches the wrists with a chemical apron that reaches the knees. Chemical gloves are optional. Students who unsafely remove their safety clothing/goggles or are observed handling any of the material or equipment in a hazardous/unsafe manner (e.g., tasting or touching chemicals or flushing solids down a drain and not rinsing them into a designated waste container provided by the supervisor) will be disqualified from the event. 3. THECOMPETITION: Level Regional State National

# Part a samples # Part b samples 5-9 3-8 6-10 6-12 10-18 8-12

Part c chromatograms 1 type+ Mass Spectra 1-2 types+ Mass Spectra 1-3 types + Mass Spectra

Part d Parte 1-2 topics Required 1-3 topics Required 3-5 topics Required

a. Qualitative Analysis: Substances to identify: sodium acetate, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, cornstarch, glucose, sucrose, magnesium sulfate ,boric acid, and ammonium chloride (there will be no mixtures). All teams will have the same set of solids to identify.

b. Polymers: Students may be asked to identify: i. PETE, HDPE, non-expanded PS, LDPE, PP, PVC, PMMA, PC (Students may not perform any burn tests on these polymers. Burn test results on these plastics may be provided by the event supervisor). 11. cotton, wool, silk, linen, nylon, spandex, polyester (Burn tests will be permitted on the fibers) m. human, dog, cat, bat, and horse hair. (Students will need to know hair structure including medulla, cortex, cuticle, and root.) c. Chromatography/Spectroscopy: Students will be expected to separate components using paper chromatography, TLC, and/or analyze mass spectra. Students may be expected to measure Rts.

d. Crime Scene Physical Evidence: 1. Fingerprint Analysis: Students may be expected to know the 8 NCIC classifications (arch, tented arch, radial loop, ulnar loop, plain whorl, central pocket whorl, accidental, and double loop). Students should also be familiar with the common fingerprint development techniques of dusting, iodine fuming, ninhydrin, and cyanoacrylate fuming. Students should understand terminology such as bifurcation, ridges, island, enclosure, loop, whorl, and arch. Students should be able to answer questions about skin layers and how fingerprints are formed. Students may be asked questions on the different methods of detecting fingerprints and the chemistry behind each of these methods. n. DNA: Students may be asked to compare DNA chromatograms/electropherograms from materials found at the scene to those of the suspects. Students will be expected to know how DNA is copied. Seehttp ://no bel prize. erg/educational_games/chemistry /per/index. html iii. Glass analysis: Students may be asked to use index of refraction to determine the type of a glass found broken at a crime scene. They may be asked to analyze which hole or fractures occuned before others based on a piece of glass available for examination or a picture of a piece of glass. IV. Entomology: Students may be asked to identify how long an animal has been dead based on the type of insects fotmd on the body at the scene. v. Spatters: Students may be asked to analyze actual spatters or photographs of spatters to determine the angle and velocity with which the liquid approached the solid object bearing the spatter & the spatter origin direction. VI. Seeds and Pollen: Students may be asked to compare pictures of seeds/pollen found at the scene with either seeds/pollen found on the suspects or seeds/pollen from different country regions. vii. Tracks and Soil: Students may be asked to match tire tracks or footprints found at the scene to tires or shoes of the suspects. Students may be given the composition of soil found at the scene or on the suspects and asked to determine if this implicates any of the suspects. viii. Blood: Students may be asked to identify the ABO blood type using artificial blood (event supervisor required to provide instructions on how the typing system works) or students may be asked to identify if a blood sample, either prepared microscope slide or pictw-es of microscope slide is human, avian, mammalian, or reptilian/amphibian. 1x. Bullet striations: Students may be asked to match the striations on bullets or casings found at the crime scene and fired from a given gun. e. Analysis of the Crime: Students will be asked to write an analysis of the crime scene explaining not only which pieces of evidence implicate which suspect and why the suspect(s) was (were) chosen as the culprit(s), but also why the other suspects were not chosen. They will also answer any other crime scene analysis questions posed by the event supervisor. f. The collected evidence and other data given could be used in a mock crime scene. 4. SCORING: Team with the highest score wins. Time will not be used for scoring. The score Will be composed of the following elements (percentages given are approximate): a. Part 3.a. 20%, Part 3.b. 20%, Part 3.c.15%, Part 3.d. 15%, and 3.e. 30%. b. Tiebreaker: Ties will be broken by the highest score on the analysis of the crime scene, which includes the reasons why certain suspects have been eliminated or others remain in the pool of possible criminals. c. A 10% penalty may be given if the area is not cleaned up as designated by the event supervisor. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Forensics CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Websiteathttp://www.soinc.org

FORESTRY - 2013 Draft v4 5-25-12

1. DESCRIPTION: This event will test student knowledge of North American trees that are on the Official National Tree List.
~I:A>'I.c~£. 2 . EVENT PARAMET ERS : TM.oaw ·J...,C·~·~i!.- v;.h·ie~>-. . '3>~ li-st Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes that contain information in any form from any source, up to 2 commercially published resources HelEl guides, and one copy of the Official National Tree List (teams may tab {limit 3 words} the guides and write on any of these). 3. THE COMPETITION: a. For the National Competition, aU questions will be restricted to specimens on the Official Science Olympiad National Tree List. For Regional and State Competitions, the State Director may reduce the national list to local or regional trees and add a few local species not on the National List. This State List should be sent to competing teams as soon as possible so teams may gather specimens. b. This event may be held either indoors or in a wood lot or both. Specimens (or pictures/slides if necessary) will be lettered or numbered at stations. Each team will be given one answer sheet to record the Genus and species name and the answers to the correlated questions. c. Leaf specimens used for identification (compound leaves should be intact) may be live, preserved, or color photographs depending on availability and may be accompanied by twigs, cones, seeds, or other parts of the tree. For each specimen, students will be asked a correlated question that pertains to the tree's structure, ecology, or economic characteristics. Structural characteristics may include leaf types, leaf shapes, leaf margins, leaf venation, leaf arrangement on the stem, twigs, bark, flowers, cones, fruits, seeds, and tree shapes. d. Ecological characteristics may include habitats, adaptations to the environment, biomes, succession, and relationships (e.g., symbiosis and competition) with animals or other plants. Economic characteristics may include beneficial or detrimental aspects of trees such as sources of food, medicine, building materials, chemicals, fuel, fiber, and trees as nuisance species. e. It is recommended that state and regional contests be limited to local or regional trees (e.g., trees east or west of the Rookies). State and regional directors should prepare a list, vrhioh includes the trees students are expected to master. State directors should send the state tree lists to competing teams as soon as possible so teams may gather specimens. The OffloiaJ National Tree List vlill include specimens from the Natieaal .A.. udubea Seeiety Field Guide(s) te Trees (Eastern and Western regions). 4. SCORING: The teams with the highest number of correct answers will be the winners. Selected · questions may be used as tiebreakers. Recommended Resources: All specimens listed on the Official Science Olympiad National Tree List are represented in the National Audubon Society Field Guide(s) to Trees (Eastern and Western regions), which is available on the Official Science Olympiad Store/Website at http://www.soinc.org as are all reference and training resources. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

A

B

c

D

E

1

2013 National Tournament Specimen List for Forestry 01'!1 anlzed to correspond to Audubon Field Guides of North American Trees

The species on the National Tree Usl arc for the national compelition. Sttues will provide their 3 own more limited lists, which wiJJ include an appropriate subset of species from the national lis This lis I is set up by planr families for the student's and coach's convenience. Participants are not expec1ed 10 know family names for the actual event. Classifica1ion follows 1ha1 of 1hc Na1ional Audubon Society Field Gut de to North American Trees. 5
6

7 FamilY 9 10 11 12 13 Gink.lloaceae 14 15 Taxaceae 16 17 Plnaceae 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25. 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
34

Sclenlific Nnn1e Add for 2013
St:UIIUUI scmpervire11s
Sf!QIIOiU~/t!IUfron RjJ:OIIICIIIII

Common Name Redwood Famii.Yl Redwood Gian1 Seouoia Baldcypross IGh k•o FnoniM.
Gin~go

Pa..,..l Pnoe· 30ZE Z98W 299W 301W 3021! 271E Z43W 271E 245W 245W 245W 276E 248W

1laoJimn distJclmm
Gillk'tJIIilulm
7h.osrard AnntA FanJIIv\ Pm•vaw Lourel Fanollvl Sassafras California-laurel IIWtlch·H-el F•..,Rv\ Witch-hazel SwociRUnl ltSvcamore Famllvl Svcamore Clllifomia Svcan10rc R•,.FanoiM Westem Serviceberrv Curllcaf Cercocarnus Black Hawthorn Frosted Hawlhom Tovon Ameri-l'lum BittarChenv PinChcnY Blade CIUonv Common Cholceche~ Amem;an Mounfain..nsh

415\V 416W 422\V 422W 423W 42SW 429\V 429\V 430\V

433\V

GRAVITY VEHICLE 1. DESCRIPTION: Teams design, build, and test one vehicle and ramp that uses gravitational potential energy as the vehicle's sole means of propulsion to reach a Target Point as quickly, as accurately, and as close to their predicted time as possible.
2.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 IMPOUND: Yes EYE PROTECTION: None APPROX TIME: 81:4 min. EVENT PARAMETERS: a. Teams must bring one vehicle and one ramp. Teams may bring any tools or calculation devices

(including, but not limited to, laptops, tablets, and cell phones) ..
3.

b. The Event Supervisor will provide all measurement tools, starting pencil and timers. CONSTRUCTION PARAMETERS: a. Vehicles must be designed to travel between 5.000 and 10.000 meters, come to a complete stop, and be as close as possible to their predicted time. The exact target distance (in 50.0 em intervals for regional, 10.0 em intervals for state and 1.0 em intervals for national tournaments) must be chosen by the Event Supervisor and announced after all vehicles and ramps have been impounded. The same target distance will be used for all competitors. b. All energy used to propel the vehicle must come from the gravitational potential energy derived from the mass of the vehicle. The entire vehicle must start from an elevated, non-horizontal position on a competitor provided the team's ramp. The ramp must include a release mechanism, ·.vhieh is not part of the vehicle, to hold the vehicle in place without any contact by the competitors. c. Transferring the vehicle's gravitational potential energy into elastic devices (e.g., a metal spring) is permissible as long as these devices start at their lowest energy state. Pre-loaded energy storage devices may be used to operate other vehicle functions (e.g., braking system) as long as they do not provide energy to propel the vehicle. d. The Yehiole's track (distance behveen outside surfaces of the left and right tires of the •rehiele's v,ridest aJde) must be 35.0 em or less. Other parts ofthe •rehiele (e.g., mdes) may eJceeed this 35.0 om \Vidth. e. The vehicle's total mass must not exceed ;!.1.500 kg. f. The vehicle must have the point of a single bent paper clip which serves as a Measurement Point on either the leftmost or the rightmost edge/face siile of the vehicle between the front and rear axles of the vehicle and extending down to within 1.0 em of the track's surface when the vehicle is on the track. The point of the paper clip nearest the track surface is used as the reference point for distance measurements and must be easily accessible to the Event Supervisor. g. The vehicle and the ramp, including the release mechanism, together, in the ready to start position, must fit within a rectangular box with a 50.0 em x 50.0 em base and a height of 200.0 em .(height 100.0 em/width75.0 em/length75.0 em). One side of the ramp's base must be parallel to the Start Line. h. Competitors must release the vehicle by using any part of an unsharpened #2 pencil, with an unused eraser (supplied by the Event Supervisor) to actuate the release mechanism on the ramp. Competitors must not use the pencil to touch any part of the vehicle to start the run. Competitors must also not touch the vehicle, er-the release mechanism, or the ramp to start the run, except to prevent the ramp

from moving during launch.
i. Only the wheels of the vehicle and the ramp are allowed to contact the floor. If any piece falls off during

the run, it is a construction violation. j. Stopping mechanisms must work automatically. The vehicle must not be tethered or remotely controlled. k. Electrical components must not be used on the vehicle, the ramp or any alignment devices. 4. THE TRACK: a. The competition must be on a straight and level lane with a relatively smooth, hard, low-friction surface. Space is needed on each side of the track's center and beyond the finish line to allow for error in the vehicle's path, otherwise there is no defined track width. · b., One-inch tape must be used for the Start Line and the tape that contains the Target Point (finish point). The inside edge of the tape must define the Start Line. The Start Line must be 150.0 em long and the Target Point tape must be at least 2.50 em long. The Target Point must be marked at the center of this

I

I I

tape. The center of the Start Line will be marked also. This center point and the Target Point will be perpendicularly aligned. There is no Center Line. c. The Launch Area must be a 150.0 em J£ 7550.0 em rectangle marked with tape, aligned 'tvith the Start Line tape forming one side of the rectangle. The Launch Area is outside of the track. d. At the Event Supervisor's discretion, more than one track may be used. Teams must be given the option to choose which track they will use. All runs by a team must be made on the same track. 5. THECOMPETITION: a. The vehicle and ramp must be impounded before the start of the competition. Tools, data, and calculating devices need not be impounded. b. The Target Distance must not be announced until all vehicles and ramps have been impounded. The Event Supervisor will inform the competitors of the Target Distance at the beginning of their 8 minute Event Time. c. Only competitors being judged are allowed in the vehicle impound and track areas while teams are competing. d. Competitors must not verify the distance by rolling the The vehicle must not roll on the track surface (floor) between the start and finish line anywhere at any time prior to or during the competition except for the two official runs. e. All parts of the vehicle must move as a whole. The competitors must not hold, constrain, or give a push to the vehicle. If any piece falls off during the run, it is considered a construction violation. The vehicle must be able to remain at the starting position without being touched until triggered. f. Before the first run, the competitors must predict their vehicle's Travel Time. They must not change the prediction for the second run, but they may adjust the vehicle. g. Competitors have 8 -1-G minutes of Event Time to set up, clean the track, make any changes to the vehicle (including adjusting the Measurement Point) and/or ramp, take measurements, and start two runs. If the second run has started before the 8-14-minute period has elapsed, it must be allowed to run to completion. Time used by the Event Supervisor for run measurements does not count toward the 8--1-0 minutes Event Time. h. Competitors must place their vehicle and ramp completely behind the start line inside the Launch Area; the center of the ramp does not have to be aligned '+¥ith the track oenteF. i. Sighting and/or aligning devices are permitted on the track but must be removed before the vehicle runs. Aligning and sighting devices mounted on the vehicle or ramp may be removed at the team's discretion prior to each run. Alignment devices left on the vehicle during its run must not cause the vehicle's mass to exceed the ;!.1.500 kg maximum limit. j. Run Time starts when the vehicle begins forward motion and ends when the vehicle comes to a complete stop. If a vehicle does not move upon actuation of the release mechanism, it does not count as one of the two runs and the competitors may request to set up for another run, but the time must count toward their 8 i-0 minutes Event Time. k. If the vehicle moves any distance after actuation of the switch, it must be considered a run. I. Once the vehicle starts a run the competitors must move outside the lane, not follow their vehicle, and wait until called by the Event Supervisor to retrieve their vehicle following measurement. Time used by the Event Supervisor for assessment and measuring will not be included in the Event Time. m. Prior to each official run, the Event Supervisor will measure the vehicle height, defined to be the highest point of the vehicle in the ready to launch position. This height will be recorded in em rounde to the nearest whole em. n. Run Time is in seconds will be recorded in seconds to the nearest 0.01 seconds. o. Event Supervisor is strongly encouraged to utilize 3 independent timers on all runs. The middle value of the 3 timers must be the officially recorded time. p. If the time and/or distance cannot be measured for a vehicle (e.g., the vehicle starts before the Event Supervisor is ready, the Measurement Point is no longer within 1 em of the track at the end of the run, or the competitors pick up the vehicle before it is measured), it is a failed run that counts as a run with no score.

q. Teams who wish to file an appeal must leave their vehicle with the Event Supervisor.

SCORING: Teams are ranked using the single run that gives them the best overall rank.
a. The Run Score == Distance Score + Height Score + Time Score + Predicted Time Score. Low score wins. b. The Distance Score is the distance from the Measurement Point to the Target Point in millimeters. This is

a point-to-point measurement. c. The Height Score= 400 *Vehicle Height in em I (300 em- Vehicle Height in em) d. The Time Score= W25 *(Run Time). e. The Predicted Time Score= 25 *!(Predicted Time- Travel Time)j. f. Tiers: 51 i.l Tier: A run with no violations. 11 ii.2 d Tier: A run with any competition and/or construction violations. iii.~F& Tier: A run •:.rith eonstruction violations or both eompetition and eonstruction violations. iv.41ft-3rd Tier: A vehicle that cannot complete any runs receives only Participation Points. g. Ties must be broken by this sequence: 1.. Better non-scored run; 2. Better Predicted Time Score of better run; 3. Better distance score on better run.

CORING EXAMPLE: At a competition, the highest point of the vehicle at ready to launch position was 5cm a team's vehicle stopped 286 mm from the Target Point. It made the run in 4. 79 s, and their predicted ne was 5.52 s. istance Score 286 points .eight Score 133.33 points (400 * 75cm I (300cm- 75cm) ime Score 239.50 points (50* 4.79 s) redicted Time Score 18.25 points (25 * 1(5.52 s- 4.79 s)l) un Score 677.08 points ecommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Problem Solving ~echnology CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org

Magnetic Levitation 1. DESCRIPTION: Competitors may construct up to two self-propelled magnetically levitated vehicles powered by batteries that turn up to two propellers to move the vehicle down a magnetic track while pulling a maglev sled. Competitors must also be tested on their knowledge of magnetism and related topics. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #1 IMPOUND: Yes APPROX. TIME: 50 minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: a. Prior to the competition, competitors must develop data charts and graphs to help them determine how quickly their car can travel to the finish line while pulling the mass of a maglev sled. b. The vehicle(s), a copy of the data table and graph, and any equipment required by the competitors must be impounded prior to the start of competition. Competitors may impound a maglev track and sled to use during their run. Supervisors must check the track and sled specifications before use. c. Teams must be given an ideal run time at competition, and must adjust the mass of the sled and/or other variables on their car to achieve the ideal run time. The ideal run time must be between 2.0 and 4.0 seconds at regionals, 2.0 and 5.0 seconds at state, and 2.0 and 6.0 seconds at nationals. d. All reference materials for the test portion of this event must be secured in a 3-ring binder, must be 3hole punched and inserted in the binder so that regardless of orientation none can fall out. e. Competitors must wear eye protection during set-up and testing of their vehicles only. Teams without proper eye protection must be immediately informed and given a chance to obtain eye protection if time allows. If not, teams are not allowed to compete in Part 1. 3. CONSTRUCTION: a. Vehicles may be made of any material, but must meet all specifications and cannot damage the track. b. The length of the car must be no less than 10.0 em and no more than 18.0 em and cannot vary during the run. Vehicles must be less than 20.0 em tall with the propeller in motion. c. The mass of the vehicle (including batteries) must be no less than 200.0 grams. d. The vehicle must fit on a standard maglev track (2 9/16" wide) and is recommended to be designed with removable adjustable width to accommodate track variations (e.g. shims, thick tape, etc.). e. The vehicle, except for the propeller(s), must not extend outside of the vertical planes defined by the side rails of the track. f. The vehicle must tow a magnetically-levitated sled (up to 10.15 em long) behind it. Competitors must secure a screw eye (118" or larger) to the rear of their vehicle to allow the sled to be attached. The length of the vehicle specified above includes the screw eye. The sled must be able to accommodate a supervisor-provided 25 em tall flag via a 1/8" diameter vertical hole to activate the photogate timing. g. Only commercial batteries must be used to power the.car. The maximum voltage of. any circuit in the vehicle must not exceed 9 V. The maximum dimensions of the battery system used (not including wires) are 3.5 em x 2.0 em x 10.0 em. No other energy must be stored or used in the running of the car. h. The batteries must power up to two propellers and a maximum of two motors affixed to the car. Motors must have a cross-sectional diameter or diagonal of no greater than 3.5 em. Ducted motor/propeller combinations must have a diameter of no greater than 6.0 em. 1. Any magnets except rare earth magnets may be used on the vehicle, but competitors must be able to modify the placement of the magnets so that the car can travel in either direction on the track. j. The vehicle must be lOOo/o levitated as it moves down the track (inadvertent contact is permitted). Students must demonstrate that their vehicle levitates before their run starts by pushing the vehicle down to the bottom of the track and letting go, allowing it to pop back to its original position by itself. 4. THE TRACK: More information provided on the event page on soinc.org a. The track must be a non-electrified maglev track with a length of at least 1.52 m and a vehicle track width of2 9/16 inches (~6.5 em+/- 2 mm). On longer tracks, a 1.52 m long segment will be used for the official run. The track may be impounded by the team, but event supervisors must provide at least one track and sled for teams who do not impound a track or whose track does not meet specifications. · b. The height of the side rails of the track must be between 3.175 em and 5 em. Event supervisors are encouraged to provide this information to all competitors in advance of competition. c. The track must be placed on a flat surface with enough room to allow a cushioned barrier to be placed 28 em beyond the end of the track to prevent the vehicle from being damaged.

5. THE COMPETITION:
a. Part 1: Vehicle Testing i.At the end of impound, the Event Supervisor must announce the direction the vehicles must travel on the track (either the right side or the left side must be the north seeking pole) as well as the ideal time.

The north-seeking pole points to Earth's north magnetic pole when suspended by a string. ii. Competitors must have 8 minutes to orient their vehicle to travel on the track, check for appropriate clearance, adjust shims from their vehicle, attach the sled, and make two runs on the track. iii. Competitors must place their vehicle and the sled on the track behind a line 30.5cm from beginning of the track. They must place a pencil on the line in front of their vehicle to keep it from moving. iv. When ready, competitors may tum on their motor and indicate that their vehicle is ready. v. Competitors must not touch their vehicle after they have turned on their motor. vi. Judges are strongly encouraged to use photo gates for the timing. If manually timed, event

supervisors are strongly encouraged to utilize 3 independent timers on all runs. The middle value of the 3 timers must be the officially recorded time. Times must be truncated to the tenth of a second. If the stopwatch shows a hundredths digit it must be ignored I 'dropped'. vii. The judge must give a countdown of"3, 2, 1, launch". The competitors may then release their vehicle by removing the pencil and stepping away from the track. The judge will start the timer. viii. The judge must stop the clock when the front of the vehicle crosses the end of the track. ix. Both runs may be done with one vehicle or competitors may use different vehicles for each of the two runs. The second run must count as long as it is started before the 8-minute period has expired. x. If a vehicle fails to move after 5 seconds competitors must be allowed to restart their vehicle with no penalty. They must be given one restart during the competition. If the vehicle fails to move on the restart their car must be judged a "did not finish" for that run. xi. If a car moves only part of the way down the track it must be judged a "did not finish" for that run. xii. If during the first run any part of the vehicle falls off, the run must be scored as a "did not finish". The team must be allowed to attempt to repair their vehicle and make a second run. xiii. Teams may remove their vehicle, track, and sled from impound once their two runs are completed. Teams may not file an appeal regarding Part 1 after they have taken their vehicle from impound. b. Part 2: Written Test. All answers must be provided in SI units with appropriate significant figures. i.Teams must be given a set amount of time (20- 30 minutes is suggested) to complete a written test. ii. Topics that may be included include polarity, Earth's magnetic field, electromagnetic

principles, magnetic vs. nonmagnetic materials, common uses of magnets, the history of the development of theories of magnetism and magnetic technology, and Superconducting Maglev Transportation Technology, including both historical and current projects around the world, magnetic force, electric motors/generators, solenoids, magnetic domains, permanent magnets, ferromagnetic materials, medical uses of magnets, and superconductors 6. SCORING: High Score Wins. A scoring rubric is available on the event page on soinc.org
a. Run Score (RS): The team with the heaviest sled receives 50 points. All other teams receive points determined by the following formula: RS =(team's sled mass I mass of heaviest sled) X 50. Runs that are scored "did not finish" must receive run score of -1000. b. Time Score (TS): TS =((Ideal Time -lldeal Time- Travel Timei)/Ideal Time) X 30. The travel time used must be the time of the fastest faster run. c. Graph Score (GS): Competitors must turn in one document with data they have collected arranged in a table and graph that is derived from that data. This document must be scored as follows: completed data table (5 points), graph (5 points), graph matches data table (5 points), and correct labeling, including title, team name, x & y axis variables, & increments its units (5 points) d. Exam Score (ES): The test used for Part 2 of this event must be worth 100 points e. Final Score (FS): The final score for each team must be determined as follows: FS = RS + TS + GS + ES f. Tie Breakers, in order: Highest RS, Highest ES, Highest TS, Specific Test Questions g. Tiers: Teams must be ranked in the following tiers: Tier 1: Meet all construction requirements; Tier 2: Fail to meet construction requirements; Tier 3: Fail to impound. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the MagLev DVD and the PTCD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org. Rev 12/23111 updated 4/3/12 2"d update 6/6/12 & 7-4

Materials Science DESCRIPTION: Teams will answer a series of questions or complete tasks involving the science processes of chemistry focused in the areas of Material Science. A TEAM OFUP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPROXIMATETIME:50 minutes 2 EVENT PARAMETERS: a. Teams may bring 1. A handheld nonprogrammable calculator ii. A writing utensil 111. one 3 ring binder with resources from any source b. Event Supervisors must provide c. 1. Periodic table u. Any materials needed for modeling 111. Any constants needed ty Requirements: Students must wear the following or they will not be allowed to participate: closed-toed shoes, ANSIZ87 indirect vent chemical splash goggles (seehttp://soinc.org), pants or skirts that cover the legs to the ankles, and additionally a long sleeved lab coat that reaches the wrists and the knees or a long sleeved shirt that reaches the wrists with a chemical apron that reaches the knees. Chemical gloves are optional. Students who unsafely remove their safety clothing/goggles or are observed handling any of the material or equipment in a hazardous/unsafe manner (e.g., tasting or touching chemicals or flushing solids down a drain and not rinsing them into a designated waste container provided by the supervisor) will be disqualified from the event. 3 THE COMPETITION: a. The competition will focus on students evaluating the properties of materials and answering questions related to the materials' chemistry: 1) Evaluating the mechanical performance of materials; 2) Evaluating the intermolecular forces of materials. b. The event will consist of an activity or activities that could be utilized in first yeru· high school courses with supporting questions. The questions will be scaffolded such that students are guided from the observed bulk properties to principle chemical properties; "macro" to "micro" scale. Supervisors are encouraged to use computers or calculators with sensors/probes wherever possible. Students may be asked to collect data using probeware that has been set-up and demonstrated by the Supervisor. The supervisor may provide students with data sets collected by such sensors and probes following demonstration of the data collection. Digital microscopes and cameras connected to computers are encouraged. c. Cleanup should occur after all materials have been returned or a penalty may be given. d. Students will be expected to interpret data by preparing data tables and/or construction of graphs of the data. Completeness, accuracy and quality of data tables and graphs will be taken into account. e. All measurements must be recorded with correct significant figures and units. All calculations must also include correct significant figures and units. 4 LAB STATIONS A. Material Performance & Atomic/Molecular Structure Topics are limited to: a. General properties and characteristics of material classes (metals, ceramics, polymers, composites) i. Physical characteristics (Density, strength, thermal properties, etc.) ii. Manufacturing techniques and natural occurrences iii. Chemical Composition (elements, bonds, etc.) b. Material characterization techniques 1. Visual (Optical and electron microscopy) ii. Physical tests 1. Stiffness of material- Young's Modulus 2. Breaking strength of a material- Yield Strength 3. Surface Area/Volume ratio 4. Permanent deformation of material under constant load - Creep Rate 5. Resistance to flow- Viscosity

\91

~

L

6. Resistance to fracture -Fracture toughness (State and National tournaments) 7. Resistance to repetitive strain- Fatigue Limit (State and National tournaments) 8. Stiffness under shear load- Shear Modulus (State and National tournaments) 9. Transverse, inherent strain- Poisson's Ratio (State and National tournaments) m. Material selection for specific applications 1. Choosing the best material for an application based off of a list of materials and their properties. c. Intermolecular Forces and Surface Chemistry 1. Chemical tests 1. Surface Chemistry, surface tension, contact angle 2. Thickness of a molecule n. Crystal Structures 1. Ionic, Covalent, Crystalline, Semi-Crystalline, Amorphous 2. Common atomic packing (FCC, BCC, HCP, Simple Cubic) 3. Atomic packing factor (Geometry only) 5 SAMPLE QUESTIONS: a. Material Performance Relationships: 1. Using an apparatus provided by the event supervisor: generate a stress vs. strain curve, and calculate Young's modulus, identify the yield strength and offset yield strength. 2. For a ceramic material, what types of bonds are generally formed, and how does this contribute to properties such as density, hardness, and brittleness. 3. Students may be expected to answer questions or complete labs and activities such as: Using materials supplied by the event supervisor to model packing for cubic or hexagonal crystal structures. Answer questions related to unit cell characteristics and properties such as formula, density, and dimensions, packing factor, etc. 4. Students may be asked to perf01m mechanical tests to identify an ideal material for a given application. b. Intermolecular Forces and Surface Chemistry: 1. Based on droplet characteristics, characterize the hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of the provided surfaces. For example, students may be asked to identify unknown surfaces or rank the hydrophobicity of the provided surfaces. 2. Using the Wilhelmy plate apparatus and the provided equation, determine the surface tension of a liquid. Evaluate changes in surface tension with the application of surfactants or other liquids. 3. Students may be provided images to measure contact angles, evaluate boiling point of liquids, perform polymer melt tests for crosslinking, and will answer question related to these measurements. 4. Students may be asked to create a droplet/surface to meet the contact angle designated by the Event Supervisor. Students may be asked to perform tests at surfaces (liquid or solid) and identify the ideal material for a given application. SCORING: Intermolecular Forces section (lab and written exam) 50% and Material Performance section (lab and written exam) 50%. All ties will be broken by pre-selected questions chosen by the supervisor. These questions may or may not be identified to the students. Any graphs that are generated will be evaluated on these basic parameters (partial credit may be given): Points should be given for a correct title, and X andY-axis labels including appropriate units and axis increments. Additionally, students may be required to create a best-fit line for the data points, identify specific points on the graph such as yield strength, and/or others designated by the event supervisor that relate directly to the property being measured. Any calculations relating to generated graphs should have work clearly shown on a provided page with proper units.
RECOMMENDED RESOURCES: http ://nanohub.org/resources/52 20 - http://web.mse.uiuc.edu/courses/mse280/ http://www.territicscience.org/lessonpdfs/PolvmerLab06.pdf http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/photoelectric http ://p bet. colorado.edu/en/si m ulati on/semi conductor http://www.strangematterexhibit.com/whatis.html

REMOTE SENSING
1. DESCRIPTION. Participants will use remote sensing imagery, science and mathematical process skills to complete tasks related to an understanding of the Earth's Hydrosphere.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2

IMPOUND: No

APPROXIMATE TIME:

50 Minutes

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring five 8.5" x 11" two-sided sheets of paper containing any information from any source. Each participant may bring a metric ruler, a protractor, a triangle, a magnifying glass, and any kind of (non-graphing) calculator, but no other resources. 3. THE COMPETITION: Students should understand concepts and terms related to how remote sensing technologies are used to record data and monitor changes in the atmosphere and hydrosphere using measurements of: a. Atmospheric temperature and temperatures of oceans, inland seas and bodies of fresh water b. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere including water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide c. Changes in vegetative cover d. Changes in sea level and ice elevation e. Other changes in geological, hydrological and in man-made features associated with bodies of water p011rayed on a remote sensing image f. Students should also be familiar with principles of satellite imagery including the electromagnetic spectrum, interactions between electromagnetic energy and the atmosphere/hydrosphere, and NASA Earth Observation Missions related to monitoring of the atmosphere/hydrosphere.
4. SAMPLE ACTIVITIES:

a. Compare a remote sensing image of a glacier with a similar image acquired earlier to determine changes in the area and depth of ice that have taken place in the elapsed time. b. Use a remote sensing image to evaluate damage to residential land use and transportation infrastructure caused by flooding or reservoir impoundments. c. Use time-lapsed remote sensing imagery to track the path of an oil spill and predict its effect on local wetland regions 5. SCORING: Teams with the highest number of correct responses will be the winners. Selected questions or question sets may be used as Tiebreakers.
Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Remote Sensing CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org and the Laboratory Manual in Physical Geology Eighth Edition 2009 AGI/NAGT.

ROBOT ARM 1. DESCRIPTION: Prior to the competition teams must design, build, document and test one robotic device to move scoreable items. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 IMPOUND: No EYE PROTECTION: #5 APPRO X. TIME: 10 min. 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Teams must provide one Device. Teams without proper eye protection must be immediately informed of that and given a chance to obtain eye protection if time allows, otherwise not be allowed to compete and are scored as a no-show. The Supervisor provides the Competition Area and items. 3. CONSTRUCTION PARAMETERS: The Device includes the Arm(s), an optional permanently attached Base, optionally detachable passive end affector(s), remote control box(es) (e.g. radio control, infrared, connections (i.e., wires, tubes, hoses, etc.)). a. The Arm(s) may be attached to a Base. All parts (except the control box(es)/connections) in the ready to run position must fit inside a 30.0cm x 30.0cm x lOO.Ocm right square prism. The Arm(s) is not restricted to these dimensions during the run and must be attached to the floor only by the force of gravity. Control boxes may be contained within the base or arm and robots may be fully autonomous. b. The Device may use modified kit parts and have any number of arms and joints. c. Competitors must not impart energy directly onto the Arm(s) (i.e., all end effector movements must be powered by stored energy in the device components). d. Commercial batteries, not exceeding 14.4 volts as labeled, may be used to energize each of the Device's electrical circuits. Multiple batteries may be connected in series or parallel as long as the expected voltage output across any points does not exceed 14.4 volts as calculated using their labeled voltage. All power sources must be contained either in the robot square or as part of the control box. e. While pneumatics are permitted, storage devices must not start with positive gauge pressure (for safety reasons). f. Arm functions may have independent circuits, sources of electrical energy and/or control mechanisms. g. Radio control equipment used for this event must operate on frequencies designated by the FCC for surface devices. The frequency must be marked by the manufacturer on the transmitter. Allowable frequencies are: 75 MHz band (75.41 - 75.99 MHz), 27 MHz band (26.995- 27.255 MHz), 49 MHz band (49.8302- 49.890 MHz) or 2.4 GHz (Bluetooth is acceptable.) Devices using other frequencies must not be allowed to compete. 4. DOCUMENTS: In addition to the Device, teams must develop and submit at check-in (or as announced by the tournament director) the following three technical documents-examples available at http://www.soinc.org a. Engineering Drawings (hand-drawings are acceptable), either as 3-views or projected views, of the basic structure of the Device that must show (with labels): i. All motors and/or actuators on the Arm(s) ii. All energy sources iii. All Arm(s) end effectors (parts that interact with the items on the Competition Area) iv. Controls the competitors are using to interact with the Arm(s) b. Individual Component List for every component of the Arm(s), except fasteners, with the following information. A preassembled component (one not assembled by the team) counts as one component: i. Name of each component ii. Location/vendor from which the component can be obtained iii. Two or more key properties of the component (e.g., weight, dimensions, voltage rating, etc.) iv. Energy source of the component (nla is an acceptable entry if the component is a voltage/current source or if the component is not energized) v. Quantity c. Operating Description i. Device reaction to each control input ii. Tentative/Proposed plan of movement (i.e., which items in the Competition Area will be moved; how the Device will move each item) 5. COMPETITION AREA: The Competition Area is a taped 70.0 em x 70.0 em square using the inside edge of tape to mark the area. The Supervisor must designate each of the 4 sides as North, East, South, and West.

a. A taped 30.0 em x 30.0 em square (the "Arm Square") is marked inside of, centered on, and touching the South edge of the Competition Area. The inside tape edge is used to mark the Arm Square. b. Goal Boxes are labeled W, N, & E and placed inside the Competition Area centered on the West, North, and East sides, touching the edges of the Competition Area. Goal boxes must be a bottom portion of a half-gallon milk jug, cut to a height between 9.5 and 10.5 em with the opening facing up. They must not be secured to the surface. The Device may move them anywhere inside or outside the Competition Area after Competition Time begins. c. The Competition Area is divided into North and South Zones along a 35.0 em Center Line that is defined by the northern edge of a piece of tape running from the East to West edges of the Competition Area. d. At the beginning of each Competition Time, 5 "Yz inch nominal size" PVC pipes (9.5 - 10.5 em long), 5 ferromagnetic nails (9.5- 10.5 em long), and 5 unsharpened #2 pencils are evenly spaced along the full length of the arm square and placed perpendicular to the edges of the Arm Square in a row. The head of each nail, the eraser end of each pencil, and an end of each pipe touches the edges of the Arm Square, and points away from it. e. The pencils are placed along the West edge, the nails along the North edge and the pipes along the East edge. 4 Ping Pong Balls are centered, one each, between each pair of nails. Ping Pong Balls must remain undamaged. f. One unmodified half-gallon jug with the cap removed (the "Bonus Box") is placed at one of the two North corners of the Competition Area by the Event Supervisor. Placement is the same for all teams. It must not be secured to the ground. The Device may move it anywhere after Competition Time begins. 6. COMPETITION: At check in, the Event Supervisor inspects and measures the device, selects 4 items from the technical documentation, and has the competitors point them out on their device. a. Teams have 3 minutes of Prep Time to set up and test their Device in the Competition Area. b. Teams have 3 minutes of Competition Time to complete the task of moving the scoreable items, which begins once the team notifies the Supervisor they are ready and initiate movement of the Device. c. The run must stop if any of the following occur (This does not move the team to a lower tier.): i. 3 minutes has elapsed ~ -· PDSIIbloBanus ii. The team says "Stop" )r· . Jug Locations iii. The team steps onto the Competition Nortb -·. , PNSibloBanus Jug Area a second time after being warned once iv. Any end effectors are moved by anything besides stored energy in the Device ...... v. Any part of the Device 70.0cm 70.0cm touching the Arm Square surface exits the Arm Square ··......... · ...... vi. The Device is physically moved by thLconnections to the control box(es) vii. The Arm(s) become detached from the optional Base (not including optionally detaehable passive end affector(s)) d. Teams who wish to file an appeal must leave their documentation and Device with the Supervisor. 7. SCORING: High score wins. a. If the team or control box(es) connections move any of the scoreable items (pencils, nails, pipes, batteries), or if any scoreable item touches the surface outside of the Competition Area, even if it is under the control of the Arm(s), that item is out of play and must not be used to attain any points. The Goal and Bonus Boxes may touch the surface outside the Competition Area. b. Teams receive points for items completely supported by Goal Boxes (regardless of goal box location) at the end of the Competition Time as listed below. Points attributed to an item in the Goal Box must only
LOtatloltS
'•,

be counted if that item was placed while the box was upright. -------------------------------------------------West Goal Box North Goal Box East Goal Box Pencil 2 3 2 Nail 2 2 3 PVC 3 2 2 c. Teams receive 4 points for each Goal Box that completely supports one or more ping pong balls. (12 points max.)

d. After all other tasks are completed (all objects in scoring position, or no longer scorable) students may attempt a bonus. The team will receive bonus points for using the arm to raise a scorable ping pong ball as far as possible above the competition surface. The arm used to raise the ping pong ball must have been previously used to score at least 1 point. Teams will be awarded 0.02 point for each 1 em above the surface of the competition area. The measurement will be taken after time stops. The ping pong ball must be stable; if it is moving, the event supervisor must wait until the arm and ball come to rest to make a measurement. The ping pong ball must be visible from the ground. Measurement will be taken from the lowest point of the ball. e. At the end of the run, any item that is completely within the North Zone and not completely supported by one of the Goal or Bonus Boxes receives 1 point. f. 10 points for each item type (except ping pong balls) completely in the Bonus Box, regardless of location. (30 points max.) g. If at least one item is fully in the North Zone or supported by a Goal Box when time is stopped 5 points are awarded for each Goal Box that did not lie completely sideways at any time. (15 points max.) h. Teams with complete technical documents receive their full score. For each complete document missing (4a-c), teams receive a 10% penalty off of their final score (up to 30%). For each incomplete document (e.g., the Drawings do not include a motor on the device) teams receive a 5% penalty (up to 15%). i. 1 point is subtracted for each missing or incorrectly identified item during the check-in inspection. j. Ties are broken by: i. Amount of Competition Time used (lower is better.) ii. Least number of electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic motors used. Cooling fan motors used only to cool (not to 'blow' or move an item are not counted). 111. Highest labeled circuit voltage (lower is better). k. Tiers: i. Tier I : Devices that meet all requirements are ranked by highest score ii. Tier 2: Devices that fail to meet a spec. under "Construction Parameter', are ranked by highest score. iii. Tier 3: Devices with Competition violations are ranked by highest score. iv. Participation Points only: Devices that violate the frequency rules; that have no capability, by design or construction, to score points via moving objects; or are unable to compete. Recommended Resources: All reference, sample documents and training resources including the Robot Arm DVD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org

ROCKS AND MINERALS
I.

DESCRIPTION: Teams will demonstrate their knowledge ofrocks and minerals. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 40-50 Minutes

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one magnifYing glass; one published field guide that they may tab and write in and one 3-ring binder (any size) containing information in any form from any source. The materials must be 3-hole punched and inserted into the rings (sheet protectors are allowed).
3. THE COMPETITION:

a. Equal time intervals, as determined by the supervisor, will be allotted for each station. When the start signal is given, participants will begin work at their initial station. b. Participants may not move to the next station until prompted to do so, may not skip stations, or return to any previously visited station. c. Specimens and other materials placed at the various stations may not be taken to other stations. d. HCl will not be provided, nor may it be brought to or be used during the competition. Written descriptions as to how a specimen might react were it to be tested with HCl may be provided. e. Only those specimens appearing on the Official NSO list (see www.soinc.org) will be used in the competition with the following exception: Tournament Directors may include up to five additional specimens important to their own state. If additional specimens are to be included, all teams must be notified no later than three weeks prior to the competition.
4.

Topics may include, but are not limited to: Specimen identification Rock cycle Properties of minerals Mineral groups Economic importance f. Formation and properties of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks g. Clues to past environments h. Composition and structure of minerals i. Bowen's reaction series a. b. c. d. e.

The Rock Cycle

5. REPRESENTATIVE STATION ACTIVITIES: a. Using the materials provided, fingernails included, determine the relative hardness of each of these six minerals. List the specimens, by name and number, in order of increasing hardness. b. Match each metamorphic rock with the type of rock from which it may have been formed.
6. SCORING: Total scores will determine rankings in this event. Ties will be broken by the accuracy

or quality of answers to selected questions. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Science Olympiad Rock & Mineral Teaching Guide, the Bio/Earth CD and the National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org. Also, Rocks and Minerals kits (*excluding only silver, gold, and diamond) may be purchased by check or School Purchase Order from ESES, P.O. Box 503, Lee's Summit, MO 64063 (No Credit Cards or Phone Orders-PH 816-524-5635; FAX 816-525-4263) item OLYOl at $85.00. Price quoted includes shipping and handling.

2013 Official Science Olympiad Rock and Mineral List
Minerals l. Albite [Plagioclase Group] 2. Almandine [Garnet] 3. Amazonite [Microcline] 4. Ap_atite 5. Aragonite 6. Augite 7. Azurite 8. Bauxite 9. Barite 10. Beryl 11. Biotite [Mica] 12. Bornite 13. Calcite 14. Celestite 15. Chalcopyrite 16. Copper 17. Corundum 18. Diamond* 19. Dolomite 20. Epidote 21. Feldspar [Orthoclase Group] 22. Fluorite 23. Galena 24. Goethite/Limonite 25. Gold* 26. Graphite 27. Gypsum [Alabaster] 28. Gypsum [Satin-Spar] 29. Gypsum [Selenite] 30. Halite 31. Hematite 32. Hornblende 33. Kaolinite 34. Lepidolite 35. Magnetite 36. Malachite 37. Muscovite [Mica] 38. Olivine 39. Opal 40. Pyrite 41. Quartz [Agate/Onyx] 42. Quartz [Amethyst] 43. Quartz [Chalcedony] 44. Quartz [Citrine] 45. Quartz [Crystal] 46. Quartz [Jasper] 4 7. Quartz [Milky] 48. Quartz [Rose] 49. Rhodonite 50. Silver* 51. Sodalite 52. Sphalerite 53. Staurolite 54. Sulfur/Sulphur 55. Talc 56. Topaz 57. Tourmaline Group 58. Tremolite 59. Ulexite Metamorphic Rocks 60. Gneiss 61. Marble 62. Phyllite 63. Quartzite 64. Schist [Garnet] 65. Schist [Mica] 66. Slate Igneous 67. Andesite 68. Basalt 69. Diorite 70. Gabbro 71. Granite it Obsidian 73. Pegmatite )4. Pumice 75. Rhyolite 71J·:· Scoria Sedimentary 77. Anthracite Coal 78. Arkose 79. Bituminous Coal 80. Breccia 81. Chert 82. Conglomerate 83. Coquina 84. Diatomite 85. Dolomite Rock or Dolostone 86. Lignite Coal 87. Limestone [Chalk] 88. Limestone [Crystalline] 89. Limestone [Fossiliferous] 90. Limestone [Oolitic] 91. Limestone [Travertine] 92. Sandstone 93. Shale

RECOMMENDED RESOURCES: See Store at: www.soinc.org to order Science Olympiad Rock & Mineral Teaching Guide,' the Bio/Earth CD and the National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals. Also, Rocks and Minerals kits (*excluding only silver, gold, and diamond) may be purchased by check or School Purchase Order from ESES, P.O. Box 503, Lee's Summit, MO 64063 (No Credit Cards or Phone Orders-PH 816-524-5635; FAX 816-525-4263) item OLYOI at $85.00. Price quoted includes shipping and handling.

t. te TECHNICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
1. DESCRIPTION: Teams will gather and process data to solve problems.

ll;

:h

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2

EYE PROTECTION: #4

APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

n,
:t,

g, al 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each student may bring and use any kind of only aon programmable and non graphing calculator. Where a station requires a more advanced calculator, probes or other lab equipment, the event supervisor will provide them. The event supervisor will provide a list of mathematical relationship, formulas or constants. No other resources are allowed. Students must bring and use chemical/splash protection goggles where required. 3. THE COMPETITION: The event will consist of up to three lab stations and use materials commonly found in a high school laboratory. a. Students will apply scientific theories and principles in the solution of the problems. Students will make measurements and determine specific values. Intermediate measurements and calculations may be required. b. All data collected and equations used must be shown in an organized manner on the answer sheet. c. Students must show their work using con·ect formulas, calculations and units.
d.

Supervisors are encouraged to use calculators and probes wherever possible or provide students with data sets collected by such sensors/probes following a data collection demonstration. At the State level, teams will be required to utilize probes at one or more stations. Students may be asked to collect data to solve a problem using probeware that has been provided, set up, and demonstrated by the Supervisor. At

the national level teams will be required to utilize probes at two or more stations. Only the following probes and topics will be used at the regional, state, and national levels: Microphone (harmonics of a string or open tube), Temperature (yeast growth) and Gas Pressure (yeast growth). CBRl metion deteeter (metien and anbalaneed ferees) Calorimeter (abserptien and its relationship te eoneentratiens). 4. SCORING: Teams will be ranked based on the highest total points as determined by the sum of the scores of each individual station. In case of ties, one task will be designated as the tiebreaker prior to the competition. No points will be awarded for answers that are not supported by data and calculations. Points will be deducted for failure to clearly show work, inaccuracy of calculations, and failure to express values in the proper units.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Problem Solving/Technology
CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at www.soinc.org
THIS EVENT IS SPONSORED BY TEXAS INSTRUMENTS

THERMODYNAMICS 1. DESCRIPTION: Teams must construct an insulated device prior to the tournament that is designed to retain heat. Students must also complete a written test on thermodynamic concepts. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 IMPOUND: Yes APPROX. TIME: 50 Minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: a. Competitors must bring their insulating device, 2 identical 250 mL Pyrex (or similar brand name) beakers, eye protection, plots and writing utensils and may bring any notes, parts/supplies, or type of calculators for use during any part of the competition. Notes of any kind must be 3-hole punched and secured in a 3-ring binder of any size, so that regardless of orientation nothing falls out. b. Event supervisors must supply the hot water, devices for transfen-ing measured volumes from the water source to the team's beakers, and thermometers or probes (recommended). c. Prior to the day of the competition, the team must calibrate their devices by preparing a minimum of -tlfHe 4 plots (either on separate graphs or overlaid on the same graph) showing the relationship between elapsed cooling time and ending water temperature for various quantities of water and starting water temperatures. If hand drawn, they must be on graph paper. All plots must be properly labeled and marked to identify the team. i. Teams may be required to submit 4 their plots prior to the tournament as requested by the supervisor. ii. Teams fffilSt are encouraged to have a duplicate set to use during competition, as those submitted may not be returned. iii. Students must be prepared to answer questions about the data collection and how the plots are used. iv.Example plots are available on the Thermodynamics Lab page on soinc.org d. The team's device, parts and any supplies (beakers, tools, notes, plots, etc.) must be impounded before the event starts. Eye protection does not need to be impounded. Appeals by teams will not be processed after they remove their device from the competition area unless the appeals committee has released it. e. Competitors must wear splash rated eye protection during set up and while loading their devices with water. They may remove it for Part 2 of the competition. Teams without proper eye protection must be immediately informed and given a chance to obtain eye protection if time allows, otherwise they will not be allowed to compete in Part 1. 3. CONSTRUCTION: The device must fit within a a. Tke enly fftaterials f:l9FI'RitteEI in the Ele¥iee !lfe: weed, f:lllf:l8F,

<

ts;w.o em x ts;w.o em x ts;w.o em cube.

earEII:!earEI, natural al:!ers, eFgeie graRI:llar fftaterial, ai~:~I'RiRI:lm fail BREI fasteRiAg IBaterials (tllf:le, gl1:1e, ssre•Ns, l:!elts, Rl:lts, Rails, string, ete.). tling

WATERQUAUTY-2013Draftv3(5-20-12)

1. DESCRIPTION: The event will focus on evaluating aquatic environments. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 Minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes that contain information in any form from any source, one student built salinometer/hydrometer for testing and up to 2 non-programmable, non-graphing calculators. Each participant must bring Z87 chemical splash goggles. 3. THE COMPETITION: This event will be composed of three sections of approximately equal point value. This may include analysis, interpretation or use of charts, graphs and sample data. Supervisors are expected to utilize freshwater "lakes, ponds, or rivers" and estuary scenarios and have students analyze and evaluate comparative macroinvertebrates, and water quality data. In subsequent years this event will cover estuarine and ocean ecology. Process skills may include equipment use, collecting and interpreting data, measuring, calculating, classifying, and making inferences. a. This section will use multiple choice, matching, fill-in-the-blank and/or short answers in areas such as: aquatic ecology, water cycle, nutrient cycling, aquatic chemistry and its implications for life, potable water treatment, waste water treatment, aquatic food chains and webs, community interactions, population dynamics, watershed resource management issues, sedimentation pollution and harmful species. b. Macro-flora and fauna Section will include the identification (common name only) of immature and adult macroinvertebrates & aquatic nuisance organisms, their importance as indicators of water & wetland quality. In addition Division C will also be expected to know the general ecology, life cycles, and feeding habits of all listed organisms.
Class 1-pollution sensitive Class 2-moderately sen. Class 3-moderately tolerant Class 4-pollution to I. Class 5 Air Breath.

Mayfly Caddisfly Stonetly Dobsonfly Gilled Snails Water Penny Riffle Beetle Water Scorpion

Aquatic Sowbug Damselfly Dragonfly Scuds Crane Fly

Water Mite Midge Black fly Flatworm Leeches

Air Breathing Snail Deer/Horse Fly Tubifex Blood Midge

Whirligig Beetle Water Strider Mosquito Giant Water Bug Back Swimmer Water Boatman Predacious Diving Beetle

Aquatic Nuisance Plants: Purple Loosestrife, Eurasian Water Milfoil and Water Hyacinth. Aquatic Nuisance Animals: Zebra Mussel; Spiny Water Flea, Asian Tiger Mosquito and Carp

c. Water Monitoring and Analysis Section- Students are expected to understand and interpret data related to testing procedures and purposes for collecting data related to salinity, pH, phosphates, turbidity dissolved oxygen, temperature, nitrates, fecal coliform, total solids and biochemical oxygen demand and their relationship to one another. Actual testing will be limited to salinity. Teams must build, calibrate, bring and demonstrate a salinometer/hydrometer capable of measuring saltwater (most likely NaCI) concentrations between 1-10% (mass/volume). There are no restrictions except that the team must build the device. All types of salinometers are permitted but none may incorporate a commercially-made meter. Teams should be able to estimate percent to the nearest tenth. Full credit will most likely be given ±1 at Regionals and ±0.5 at State/Nationals. Points for salinity testing should be approximately 5% of the total score. The presence of calibration solutions is up to the event supervisor. 4. SCORING: Questions will be assigned point values. Students will be ranked from highest to lowest score. Ties will be broken by pre-determined tiebreaker questions. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Water Quality & Bio/Earth CDs are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org

_,

I.

DESCRIPTION: One student will write a student will attempt to construct the object A TEAM OF: 2 THE COMPETITION:

' and then the other 55 Minutes

2.

a. A student is shown an object (which may be abstract and is the same for all teams) built from, but not limited to, such items as science materials, inexpensive materials (e.g., straws, push pins, Styrofoam balls, paper cups, Popsicle sticks, etc.) or commercial sets (e.g., Googoplex, K'nex, Tinker Toys, Lego, Lincoln Logs, etc.). b. The student has twenty-five (25) minutes to write a description of the object and how to build it. There will be no advantage to finishing early. Only numerals, words and single letters may be used. Symbols, drawings and diagrams are not allowed, with the exception of common punctuation and editing symbols. Printable punctuation marks/editing symbols that can be produced on a PC standard 101 key keyboard by pressing a single key or a single key in combination with the shift key may be used. These must be used in their normal context and not as symbols to form a key/code. All abbreviations (not symbols) must be defined either at the beginning or when the abbreviation is first used. No prepared abbreviations on labels will be permitted. c. The supervisor of the event will pass the description to the remaining team member who will take the description and attempt to recreate (build) the original object in twenty (20) minutes. d. Supervisors will attempt to use different materials than the materials that were used last year. 3. SCORING:

a. The team that builds the object nearest to the original and has properly written instructions is declared the winner.
b. Points will be given for each piece of material placed in the proper connection and location compared to the model.

c. Pieces that are connected correctly beyond the incorrect connection will be counted in the score. No penalty will be assessed for parts that were not used.

J

d. Scoring Violations: Use of diagrams or drawings will result in disqualification. A one percent (1 %) penalty will be assessed for each minor infraction (e.g., unlabeled abbreviations or improper use of editing symbols or codes). Scoring Example: If a team has seven infractions and the total possible score is 50, then the team score would be 46.5 = 50-[7(50x.Ol)]. e. Time for the construction phase will be used as a tiebreaker. Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Problem Solving/Technology CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at www.soinc.org National Science Education Standard: Content Standard G: Science as a human endeavor "Some scientists work in teams and some work alone, but all communicate extensively with others." Please see the Website at http://www.soinc.org for references to all other event content standards from the National Science Education Standards. ,