Premium Essay

Social Programs Research Paper

Submitted By
Words 556
Pages 3
Welfare Programs Social programs in the United States are welfare subsidies designed to aid the needs of the American population. Social programs raise the standard of living for low-income earning Americans, particularly the elderly, by a large amount. The poorest 20% of American households earn a yearly average of only $7,600 before taxes- less than half of the federal poverty line. Social programs increase those households' before-tax income to $30,500. Programs like cash payments and in-kind benefits, programs that are “means tested”, and provided by the government, are responsible for two-thirds of that increase.

In-kind benefits, benefits paid to individuals by federal or state governments, provide individuals with vouchers for things they need. Unlike cash transfers, these benefits are not paid directly in cash, but offer goods or services for free or at a reduced rate. Because in-kind benefits must be used for specific things, they can force individuals to take advantage of things that they need, instead of things they want. An example of this type of benefit are food …show more content…
Cash benefits give the receiver the freedom to spend the money on whatever they choose, with only a small set of restrictions. For example, unemployment benefits are intended to help you cover living expenses if you lose your job, but they do not force individuals to spend them on a specific thing, people have the power to make that decision. The program allows low income families to meet their basic needs. However it can be argued that the program encourages single-family households, and disincentivises individuals to obtain assets. Single-parent households, especially single mothers and their children, receive higher cash payments, adding up to $4,800 a year. Cash aid programs also limit the amount of assets a person can have, such as a house or a bank

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Why Do We Need Preschools.

...explore the research existing in this field. It will help us to understand what effect pre-school has on children. Such programs are also discussed in the paper which is conducting training for preschoolers for their development. This paper not only covers that academic aspect but also sheds light on the benefits preschool education has on social and emotional aspects of children's life. After collecting this information, it will be collaborated with the findings of this research paper using different research technique. In the end, the paper will be concluded along with some suggestions. Introduction In this competitive world it is very important to train the children in such a way that they are not left behind. Study shows that with pre-school training, children show much developed skills of learning when they enter kindergarten. If a child is being read to at home, visits museums, learns how to play a game and reads along someone then it is more likely that his/her learning abilities are polished and ready for kindergarten (Stube & Patrick, 2010). Pre-school is a planned program for children before they start their formal education. It deals with the learning ability of a child. Children are trained in such a way that their learning abilities are enhanced. Specified techniques are used to improve the language skills and analytical skills. it also has a positive effect on the behavioral aspect of a child's personality. Bridges (2008) found out from the research that involving...

Words: 2476 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005.

...In Social Learning Theory, human behaviour is explained in terms of a three-way, dynamic, reciprocal theory in which personal factors, environmental influences, and behavior continually interact. A basic premise of Social Learning Theory is that people learn not only through their own experiences, but also by observing the actions of others and the results of those actions. In the 1970s, Albert Bandura published a comprehensive framework for understanding human behaviour, based on a cognitive formulation which he named the Social Cognitive Theory. That framework is currently the dominant version used in health behaviour and health promotion; however, it is still often referred to as Social Learning Theory. The impetus for this special issue on HIV came from a discussion a few years ago during which we established a shared interest in a revival of the sort of scholarly innovation that characterized the early years of the HIV epidemic. As far back as the early 1980s, social theorists, cultural, critics, artists and others created a vibrant body of work on HIV/AIDS. Working from various theoretical and disciplinary sites they steadfastly emphasized the ‘social’ for understanding the significance of AIDS and opened up new avenues for critiquing and re-imagining scientific, cultural and social responses to infectious disease. At its best, this work served also as an impetus for queer theory, various feminist critiques and a range of research under the rubric of science, medicine...

Words: 3619 - Pages: 15

Free Essay

Program Planning and Evaluation Paper

...Program Planning and Evaluation Paper Holly Regan HSM/270 May 25, 2014 Fedder Williams Program Planning and Evaluation Paper In comparison, each of the two components; program planning and program evaluation are related in the way that each is a theory based and goal-oriented activity. A program is a permanent and inseparable element of the planning process intended to achieve specific future goals. The methodical, yet necessary process of planning is important in designing programs to become an effective and efficient tool for human service organizations in conjunction with a systematic approach to descriptive research for meeting each presented goal. Descriptive research is designed to service clients, describe program characteristics, and other elements. It describes the use of facilities, community resources and other resources as well. It is also designed to study the relationship of association among various factors or variables and take into account the solicited views of a social issue or problem in program or policy design/planning process. Descriptive research provides a description of an observable fact or event or the relationships between two or more observable facts or events. Assessments vary categorically, but they can assess nearly everything and to the nth degree. Social programs are no different as assessments are utilized to produce data that is crucial for programs turning negative outcomes into positive outcomes. An assessment of needs plays...

Words: 949 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Essay

...learning early in a Pre-K program. The author, Nicholas D. Kristof, Discusses little research in the begginingf the article, giving me on research example about kids from welfare homes and kids from professional homes, and how the Professional children are introduced to 30 million more words by the age of 4. However, the title of the study or conductor was not enclose. The proposed solution, that is being used in Oklahoma research, is a free preschool program for 4-year olds and even some lessons for parents on how to read and speak to children more fregently. Oklahoma also provides additonal help to children under 4 in need. He talks a bit about Obamas propostion of a program like this and the critizsims republicans have of it, which are that it may be a fuzzy new social program, or a legacy for Obama. The article did explain the cause, early preschool, very well and I do see how it is lnked to development, because of the articles importance of nurture during the childs developement and our childrens learning developments relationship to later choices in life, such as crime, pregnancy, and dropping out. Discussions 1. The position of the article is pretty clear before I even got to the authors name. The Authors choice of words, " high-quality preschool" and "Oklahoma!" just feel so positive to me, almost like an ad to join in. Throughout the paper all I recieved was more postive vibes. He spoke of two account of research, one at the very end of the paper from a team of researchers...

Words: 816 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Asds

...Draft Proposal on Impact Assessment of Urban Agriculture Research and Development in Nairobi By William Omoto Department of Research Development Nairobi Kenya 1. INTRODUCTION Background Kenya’s leading development challenges today include alleviation of poverty and environmental management in the context of rapid population growth and urbanization. Kenya’s population was 28.6 million people in 1999 and is expected to reach 43 million in the year 2020. According to the government statistics, the national level of absolute poverty increased from 44% in 1992 to 56% in 2002 (GoK 2002). Nairobi has registered the highest rate of urbanization (4.5%) with a population of 2.2m in 2000 projected to reach 3.2m in the year 2010. About 50% of people in Nairobi live below the absolute poverty line of Ksh. 2 648. As the urbanization trend continues, urban environments are deteriorating. Most of the urban poor are concentrated in the informal settlements where there are no infrastructure and services to address environmental problems and are engaged in urban agriculture. One of the biggest policy challenges today is the inclusion of environmental policy into urban policy. UPA can be an integral part of a set of policies for sustainable urban environmental management. Urban AF can play an especially vital role in waste management by transforming waste into food and fuel. Waste management approaches in place include waste collecting, sorting, treatment and recycling...

Words: 4213 - Pages: 17

Premium Essay

At Risk Youth Mentoring

...INTRODUCTION Programs for at risk youth are growing rapidly across the world. In today's unstable, fast paced, and highly competitive environment, at risk youth are especially vulnerable, unless an intervention is delivered in an effective and timely manner. Generally, at risk youth have several risk factors which put them into this category; including a single parent home, numerous stressors, poverty, lack of support, and/or evident signs of emotional or behavioral issues (McWhirter et al., 2012). Specifically, the definition of at risk youth involves individuals who have certain "cause-effect dynamics"( McWhirter et al., 2012, p.45) that will most likely result in negative outcomes down the line. In a sense, the outcome is yet to be determined,...

Words: 1295 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Vol 1, Iss 1, July 2013 (Merc Global's International Journal of Management)

...MERC Global’s International Journal of Management ISSN 2321 – 7278 (Print) and ISSN 2321 – 7286 (Online) Volume 1, Issue 1, July – 2013 (Abstract) Full Text Available At: http://www.mercglobal.org/ijm-vol1-issue1-july2013.html Management Education & Research Consortium Global (MERC Global), India Email: mercglobal@rediffmail.com and info@mercglobal.org Web: www.mercglobal.org © MERC Global MERCGlobal’s International Journal of Management ISSN 2321 – 7278 (Print) and ISSN 2321 – 7286 (Online) Volume 1, Issue 1, July – 2013 Table of Contents Students' Perception About Management Education in India and USA Bhavna R. Shetty Rajashree Gujarathi 01-14 Socioeconomic Impact of Employment Generation Program on Poor Urban Women Sangita Kamdar 15-35 Socioeconomic Status of Scheduled Tribes D. Pulla Rao 36-50 CONQUAS Systems for High Quality Project Management Amit Kamath R. Jayaraman 51-67 Gap Analysis of Stakeholders' Perception in Tourism Industry Rajashri Ramesh Chavan Sarang Shankar Bhola 68-77 Buying Practices and Consumer Rights Awareness Amongst Management Students Manoj S. Kulkarni M. B. Mehta 78-85 MERC Global’s International Journal of Management ISSN 2321-7278 (Print) and ISSN 2321-7286 (Online) Vol. 1, Issue 1: July-2013, pp. 01-14 Permanent URL: http://www.mercglobal.org/ijm-vol1-issue1-july2013.html © MERC Global Students’ Perception About Management Education in India and USA Bhavna R. Shetty1...

Words: 2579 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

How Marx Changed the Orld

...Selecting a strong research paper topic often daunts students. The key to writing a good research paper is finding a topic that interests you and focusing your research on a specific question. Social studies research encompasses the fields of history, sociology, political science, religion, psychology, civics and anthropology. Extend previous research in these areas by asking a new question or exploring a social issue. Other People Are Reading  Topics for Qualitative Research  A List of Research Paper Topics  1.Civil Rights ◦The civil rights movement was at its peak in the 1960s, ultimately resulting in laws abolishing discriminatory hiring and education practices. Possible research paper topics may focus on the role of individuals or groups that affected the outcome of the movement. The contributions of Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, the Black Panther Party, the Weathermen, the Brown Berets or Jesse Jackson to civil rights demonstrations and legislation may be appropriate paper topics.

 2.Cultural History ◦Social studies classes often explore the contributions of certain cultures in history. Focus on Native American culture by writing about the Trail of Tears, Paleoindian tool development, cooperation between colonists and Native Americans, the effects of the reservation system or Native American participation in the U.S. military. Other possible social studies papers may focus on Mayan culture, scientific advances in early Islamic cultures, the creation of...

Words: 325 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Vunerable Populations

...that the attached paper, which was produced for the class identified above, is my original work and has not previously been submitted by me or by anyone else for any class. I further declare that I have cited all sources from which I used language, ideas and information, whether quoted verbatim or paraphrased, and that any and all assistance of any kind, which I received while producing this paper, has been acknowledged in the References section. This paper includes no trademarked material, logos, or images from the Internet, which I do not have written permission to include. I further agree that my name typed on the line below is intended to have, and shall have the same validity as my handwritten signature. Student's signature (name typed here is equivalent to a signature): Christopher Holland Introduction The purpose of this paper is to explore the homeless population in the United States while thinking critically. The research for this paper shall detail the history of homeless from its first noticeable conception. The paper will examine the time line of homelessness stating contributing factors as well as detailing the homeless struggle. This paper shall research the nature of the social problems or issues experienced by homeless people meanwhile showing the stereotyping and discrimination of homeless people. This paper will explore the different demographic groups along with common clinical issues and intervention strategies. After the research has explored the...

Words: 2052 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Social Network

...SOCIAL NETWORKS AND THEIR IMPACT ON RECORDS AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Helen Streck President/CEO Kaizen InfoSource LLC Date: January 25, 2011 Project Underwritten by: ARMA International Educational Foundation Endowment Fund €ARMA International Educational Foundation 1609 Terrie Drive Pittsburg, PA 15241 USA www.armaedfoundation.org Social Networks and their Impact on Records and Information Management A Research Paper by Helen Streck For ARMA International Educational Foundation Copyright 2011 ARMA International Educational Foundation ARMA INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION SOCIAL NETWORKS AND THEIR IMPACT ON RECORDS AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1. Introduction Page 1 Section 2. Overview and Background of Social Networks Page 3 Section 3. Issues Influenced by the Generation Gap Page 5 Section 4. Areas of Impact to Records and Information Management Page 8 Section 5. Legal Considerations Arising with Social Networks Page 13 Section 6. Conclusion Page 15 Epilogue Page 16 About the Author Page 17 ii | P a g e Copyright 2011 ARMA International Educational Foundation ARMA INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION SOCIAL NETWORKS AND THEIR IMPACT ON RECORDS AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION Social Networks are used by hundreds of millions of people around the world. Social Networks’1 impact on Records and Information Management (RIM) begins with clearly...

Words: 6927 - Pages: 28

Premium Essay

Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights

...Börzel/Jana Hönke SFB-Governance Working Paper Series 25 • October 2011 DFG Sonderforschungsbereich 700 Governance in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit - Neue Formen des Regierens? DFG Research Center (SFB) 700 Governance in Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance? SFB-Governance Working Paper Series Edited by the Research Center (SFB) 700 „Governance In Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance?“ The SFB-Governance Working Paper Series serves to disseminate the research results of work in progress prior to publication to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the Working Paper Series should not limit publication in any other venue. Copyright remains with the authors. Copyright for this issue: Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke Editorial assistance and production: Tanja Kilper/Sara Gebh/Anna Jüschke All SFB-Governance Working Papers can be downloaded free of charge from our website www.sfb-governance.de/en/ publikationen or ordered in print via e-mail to sfb700@zedat.fu-berlin.de. Börzel, Tanja A./ Hönke, Jana 2011: From Compliance to Practice. Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo, SFB-Governance Working Paper Series, No. 25, Research Center (SFB) 700, Berlin, October 2011. ISSN 1864-1024 (Internet) ISSN 1863-6896 (Print) This publication has been funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). DFG Research Center (SFB) 700 Freie Universität Berlin...

Words: 16584 - Pages: 67

Free Essay

Syllabus

...relationship between counseling and professional ethical practice as defined by the American Counseling Association. The variety of agency and school settings are examined to illustrate the specific ethical guidelines that apply to schools and agencies. Professional norms, such as non-malfeasance, patient autonomy, and confidentiality are explained. (3 credits) TEXT: Ethics in Counseling and Psychotherapy: Standards, research and emerging issues (4th edition) Elizabeth Reynolds Welfel (2013) Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole Cengage ISBN13: 978-0-8400-2858-7 American Counselor Association Code of Ethics http://www.counseling.org/docs/ethics/2014-aca-code-of-ethics.pdf?sfvrsn=4 Code of Ethics of the American Mental Health Counseling Association. Available on-line at www.amhca.org/ethics.html American School Counselor Association Ethical Standards for School Counselors, Available on-line at www.schoolcounselor.org/library/ethics.pdf Program Outcomes (PO) – Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling Program Outcome (PO) Code | Program Outcomes (POs) | Program Goal (PG) Alignment | * PO1 | * Students will identify and describe the application of the American Mental Health Counseling Association standards in order to qualify to take the licensing examination in Mental Health Counseling required by New York State |...

Words: 4592 - Pages: 19

Premium Essay

Social Work Core Competencies

...behavior and the social environment. The practice behavior that best fits this is, Critique and apply knowledge to understand person and environment. Within the project our original focus was to conduct a campus based project, as a group we found that this would not be effective for our project. Chapter 7, Understanding Neighborhoods and Communities, helped me understand this fully. “… social workers must view individual clients’ problems in the context of the complex larger environments in which these clients live” (Kirst-Ashman & Hull). If there are clients in need of the same issue it is important to look at the community as a whole to help understand...

Words: 853 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

311312

...Psychology of Product Aesthetics: Antecedents and Individual Differences in Product Evaluations”, Chair: Richard Yalch. Academic Positions Boston University, School of Management  Associate Professor of Marketing & Dean’s Research Fellow, since September 2007  Assistant Professor of Marketing, March 1998- August 2007  Marketing Instructor, September 1997 to March 1998 Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands, Department of Product Innovation and Management  Visiting Scholar, 2005 (November-December) University of Washington, School of Business  Instructor, 1994-1997  Teaching Assistant, 1992-1994 Publications 1. Brunel, F., Utter, D. (2009). Phillips Foods, Inc.: Introducing King Crab to the Trade (pp. 20 pages). London, Ontario: Ivey Publishing, # 909A04. 2. Brunel, F., Utter, D. (2009). Teaching Note. Phillips Foods, Inc.: Introducing King Crab to the Trade (pp. 18 pages). London, Ontario: Ivey Publishing, # 809A04. 3. Susan Fournier, and Frédéric F. Brunel (2008), “Todos Somos Publicistas” [We are All Advertisers], Mercadotecnia, Expansión, May 26, pp. 103-104. 4. Toder-Alon, Anat and Frédéric F. Brunel, (2007), “Dynamics of Community Engagement: The Role of Interpersonal Communicative Genres in Online Community Evolutions”, in Consumer Culture Theory. Research in Consumer Behavior Series, Russ Belk and John Sherry (Eds.), Elsevier Ltd.,...

Words: 7826 - Pages: 32

Free Essay

English

...Benett, Yates (2011) How Social Science Research Methods Might Provide Scientific Evidence for the Existence of God. Retrieved September 11, 2013 from Christian Higher Education The article by Benett can be misleading. The article discusses the how of using social science research for the intended research for the existence of God. The author goes into detail using the scientific method for sociologic research. Yates states “in social science research it is considered scientific to collect data about the world, to build theories to explain the data and to test those theories against further data” (p. 2). Discussing every part of the scientific method, he gives examples for how he might go about with that that part of the method. Yates also discusses different approaches to the research. Phenomenology is discussed as a method for the study and possible explanation, but is left out. Instead the author decides on methodological triangulation because it allows differing methods of data collection regarding a social issue. The reason why this would be the best method as well as its benefits in social research is discussed. Yates also states that using combined research is extremely beneficial. This article will be useful because it demonstrates using the scientific method for sociologic research. It goes in depth giving example for each part of the method. Boutellier, R., Gassmann, O., Raeder, S. (unknown) What is the difference between social and natural sciences...

Words: 2078 - Pages: 9