...Bullying Final Cyberbullying is the use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by sending messages of an intimidating or threatening nature. Cyberbullying affects the whole community in different ways. We live in a world that is full of technology. We have many different types of social media. Everyday millions of people use phones and computers, it is no surprise that so many people are victims of cyberbullying. Nearly 43% of kids have been bullied online. 1 in 4 has had it happen more than once.Over 80% of teens use a cell phone regularly, making it the most common medium for cyber bullying. The article Bullying and Teasing: No Laughing Matter talks about different ways of bullying in schools. It was written in 2000 and...
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...Assess the Functionalist view that religion benefits both society as a whole and its individual members? (18) Functionalists see religion in a positive light and as it is a key institution of society. This differs from the Marxist and Feminist view that religion is there to simply reinforce the oppression. For functionalists, society’s key need is for social solidarity and order enabling members to cooperate. Religion ensures that this is maintained, and individuals do not pursue their own selfish desires alone as this would cause society to disintegrate. Durkheim acknowledged that the key feature of religion was not a belief in the Gods but the apparent distinction between the sacred and the profane which is found in all religions. Sacred being things that are set apart which give feelings of awe and wonder and profound being things which have no significance and are ordinary and mundane. In Durkheim’s study of an Australian Aboriginal tribe signified these differences. When the group practised their rituals, through prayer to the sacred, this was done collectively as a social group which binds individuals together reminding them that they are part of a community in which they owe their loyalty to. Durkheim’s view on sacred symbols represents societies collective consciousness, the shared norms and values, shared value beliefs and our knowledge that make a harmonious society and social solidarity possible. In contrast, responding to Durkheim’s claims Worsley maintains that...
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...Functionalists believe that religion is beneficial for both society as a whole and its individual members, this is because it unifies society and creates consensus, which in turn gives each individual member a source of support when they need it. However some theorists disagree with the functionalist ideology. Firstly, functionalist claim religion benefits society in a number of ways, it creates a sense of social solidarity, meaning a shared sense of identity, history, norms and values (a collective conscience). This is supported by item A, ‘religion's contribution to value consensus and social integration’. Functionalist explain that if all of a society's members are part of the same religion then they all share the same belief system, resulting in consensus between all of its members. The religious institution will teach its members the norms and values of the society they are in and the collective worship will bind societies members closer together, for example, people in Muslim countries who are part of the faith of Islam, understand it is normal to stop and pray 5 times a day and also that no-one should work on Friday however people in Christian countries understand the day of rest to be Sunday. Functionalist therefore claim members of a society have a collective conscience, they think in the same way, due to their shared norms and values. Functionalists also believe that religion unifies people; the functionalist Emile Durkheim studied an aboriginal tribe the Arunta...
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...and society as a whole.’ (24 marks) According to Item A the nuclear family is the “ideal family type.” According to Murdock the nuclear family consists of a heterosexual couple that have at least one child. Murdock is a functionalist. Functionalists argue society is based on consensus (agreed norms and values). Consensus is achieved in society through the process of socialisation, which involves individuals learning norms and values. Norms and values are transmitted to children through social institutions such as the nuclear family. This benefits all members of society as it prevents anomie (chaos) and because it encourages social integration and social solidarity. Murdock argues that the family benefits all members of society as it performs four essential functions (sexual, economic, reproduction and socialization). Similarly Parsons argues that the family has two irreducible functions (primary socialization and stabalising adult personalities). Another functionalist, Fletcher, argues that the family performs three essential functions (regulation of sexual behavior; reproduction and child-rearing and home provisions). However, Marxists (such as Marx and Engels) argue that individuals don’t benefit from society, only the bourgeoisie benefits. Feminists (such as Liberal and radical feminists) criticize the functionalist view of the nuclear family and argue that women are ignored. Murdock claimed that the nuclear family had four functions that benefit society as a whole. First...
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...functionalist view that religion benefits both society as a whole and its individual members (18 marks) Functionalists believe society is built up of different institutions that work together to make society work, religion is one of these institutions and helps society with its need for solidarity and social order. Like mentioned in Item A functionalists view religion as a positive thing and argue that it uses a shared set of norms and values to bring people together into a community. They say this gives everyone a sense of belonging which benefits both individuals and the community as a whole. Durkheim said the thing we need to understand is the difference between the sacred and the profane as this was a key element to religion. The sacred are items that are set apart from the others and inspire awe, fear and wonder whereas the profane are mundane everyday objects. He suggested the sacred objects represent society, and in turn, when they are being worshiped through rituals the members are worshipping society itself. He thought by looking at studies of the Arunta clan he could observe the features of religion. He found the clan members’ sacred item was the totem and when they gathered together to worship it through rituals they were worshipping society. The totem was a recognisable item and gave the members a better sense of belonging. Durkheim said the sacred symbols represent society’s collective conscience. This helps the community as a whole by making social interaction easier and...
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...Benefits Both Society as a Whole and Its Individual Members (18 Marks)" Many functionalists argue that religion benefits both society as a whole as well as its individual members however other sociologists may oppose this view and claim that those who do actually benefit from religion this is at the expense of others, this in itself contradicts many of the beliefs set out in religions themselves. The consensus view as posed by functionalists presents religion in a far more positive light in comparison to that put forward by Marxists and feminists for example. As in Item A, stating that religion integrates individuals into a community by instilling into them a set of shared beliefs that gives them a feeling of belonging and common identity supporting the view that religion does benefit society as a whole. On the other hand it can be viewed that those who benefit from religion is in fact at the expense of others, as stated in Item A line 5. This contradicts the positive view towards religion and poses it in a much more negative light. From a functionalist perspective, Emile Derkheim defines religion in terms of the contribution it makes to social integration, rather than any specific belief in God or the supernatural. However this can be counter-argued in that just because an institution helps integrate individuals into groups this does not mean it is a religion. To try and come to a conclusion as to whether religion does actually benefit society as a whole as well as its...
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...appointed as an editor of “The Economist”. By 1850, he had completed his first major work, “Social Statics”. He is famous, for his theory of’ Social Evolution’ and Organismic Analogy in the study of Sociology. Some of his important writings are: (i) Principles of Ethics-1891 (ii) Synthetic Philosophy-1896 (iii) Principles of Sociology-1880 (iv) Social Statics-1850 (v) Principle of Biology (vi) The Study of Sociology-1873. Organismic Analogy: An important work of Spencer which was shared with both Comte and Durkheim was his theory of organic analogy in which he developed the tendency to see society as an organism. He borrowed his concepts from biology. He was concerned with overall structure of society, the interrelationship of the parts of society, and the functions of the parts for each other as well as for the system as a whole. He had compared the society with a living organism by taking into account the...
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...disfunctioning of the society when looking at it from the functionalist perspective. Functionalism which is one of the perspectives of studying the society was developed in the 19th century, it’s a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. This approach looks at society through a macro-level orientation, which is a broad focus on the social structures that shape society as a whole, and believes that society has evolved like organisms. This approach looks at both social structure and social functions. Functionalism addresses society as a whole in terms of the function of its constituent elements; namely norms, custom, tradition and institution. A common analogy, popularized by Herbert Spencer presents these parts of society as "organs" that work toward the proper functioning of the "body" as a whole. In the most basic terms, it simply emphasizes "the effort to impute, as rigorously as possible, to each feature, custom, or practice, its effect on the functioning of a supposedly stable, cohesive system". For Talcott Parson "structural-functionalism" came to describe a particular stage in the methodological development of Social Science, rather than a specific school of thought. The structural functionalism approach is a macro sociological analysis, with a broad focus on social structures that shape society as a whole. In summary Functionalism believes every social structure in the society like Educational...
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...view of society that focuses on the way various parts of society have funtions and live in a consensus that maintain the stability and social order of the whole society. Functionalism is seen as a macro scale approach to society; it sees society as a whole rather than just focusing on some parts of it. Because of this, functionalism views society as a body (organic analogy), all institutions works together to make the society. This is particularly useful when observing the society in order to understand the way it functions and how all the institutions work together to sustain society as a whole. This can also be denoted as one of its strengths. Functionalism is also seen as a consensus theory, it sees society as fair and just, and it acknowledges that many societies including the majority of western ones, have democracy and all individuals within a particular society share the same or similar norms and values. This also could therefore be seen as a strength as it acknowledges that democracy does exists in many societies. Functionalism emphasizes a societal equilibrium. If something happens to disrupt the order and the flow of the system, society must adjust to achieve a stable state. According to Durkheim, society should be analyzed and described in terms of functions. Society is a system of interrelated parts where no one part can function without the other. These parts make up the whole of society. If one part changes, it has an impact on society as a whole. He believed...
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...Whole Foods Market History Whole Foods Market was founded in Austin, Texas, when four local business people decided the natural foods industry was ready for a supermarket format. The founders were John Mackey and Renee Lawson Hardy, owners of Safer Way Natural Foods, and Craig Weller and Mark Skiles, owners of Clarksville Natural Grocery. The original Whole Foods Market opened in late 1974, it was an instant success. At the time, there were less than half a dozen natural food supermarkets in the United States. They have grown by leaps and bounds since the first store opened. The first Whole foods supermarket opened in New Orleans in 1974; with only staff numbers 19 employees, it was a huge success and made $1 million. Business ethics- is a form of professional ethics that examines principles and moral or ethical problems that occur in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations. Business ethics in the whole food market are very welcoming because they have high principles and respect new businesses to come in to their store to sell your products, also this market care for communities Benefits the company- The benefits of the company through business ethics are that they gain a good reputation from being honest to their customers and showing the customers that they can be trusted. By following business ethics they get respect from everybody who assoiled with their business also get...
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...Kaitlyn Keane Prof. Sanjay Jain MGMT 162: MWF 10:30am April 24, 2015 Whole Foods Case 1. In what ways do you think Whole Foods has created value for society? And how have their efforts to create social value led to business results? When the majority of Americans were not eating properly Whole Foods came in and offered healthy and organic food items that enhance customers’ lives by nourishing their bodies. With this emphasis on healthy and tasty foods, more and more Americans began to purchase healthier and organic options. Whole Foods also created value for society by working with organic regional and local farm owners to sell their produce in their stores. The company has also contributed donations to nonprofit organizations that supported things such as sustainable agriculture, reducing waste, and encouraging environmentally friendly store maintenance programs. Employees were also encouraged to give back to the community through 20 hours of paid community service. These examples of ways Whole Foods has created value for society have helped their business in multiple ways. It fostered a strong group of dedicated employees who praised the company’s values. The value created for society also attracted more loyal customers who supported the grocery store doing so much for the environment and society. In turn this has increased the companies sales and profitability. 2. In the last few years is Whole Foods more about growth or is its social mission? How does it support...
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...Why smarter planet concept is important to society as a whole Smarter Bank The smarter bank concept is important to society as a whole because banks are able to decide if they want to offer someone a mortgage by looking at their profile. For example they would view income statements of the person to see if they would be able to pay the monthly payments and if they don’t meet the standards, the bank wouldn’t give them the mortgage if they wouldn’t be able to pay for it. The bank would also be interested to know if the person is a registered criminal and know what the offence was as this would help them to decide if they want to give a mortgage, an example being if the person being convicted of fraud then the bank may not give them the mortgage....
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...In our society today, there are three theoretical perspectives that act as ways to view our lives. Symbolic Interactionism , Functional Analysis, and Conflict Theory. All of which are centered around the people they derived from who are : George Herbert Mead, Charles Horton Cooley, Robert Merton and Karl Marx. With these theories being a major part of sociology, the research that is collected to study the people in these societies should be looked at as a whole ,for, sociology comes in many forms. Symbolic Interactionism is the idea that one puts meaning to something. We attach our selves to names of certain people or things . Symbols are used to describe the relationships that we have with one another. Without symbolic Interactionism there would be no names to associate with people like a sister or brother . This also includes a teacher , an associate or a co-worker, These people may have names but they have a certain name that categorizes them into where they are related to you and how you should act towards them. Our actions towards people depend on the symbols we associate society with such as how you treat a boss compared to a sibling. Without this type of perspective there would be no way to socialize things such as the government which would mean that the most common things that are used in everyday life wouldn't be here. This theory is used describe things that are untouchable such as love, marriage or being a parent . It all goes back to how you rationalize these...
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...Smith is a predecessor to Schiller and the society/circumstances Schiller is subject to is a product of adherence or implementation of Smith’s philosophy since its propagation. Adam Smith theorizes that division of labor leads to increased efficiency by saving time, as direct result of specialization of labor at each step in production, this specialization on part of labor needs to increased dexterity and ingenuity on part of the laborers who with their experiential knowledge will improvise production or invents things to save their labor and time. All this will leads to betterment of the society because there will be more good and commodities available for the society as whole, but at the cost of the individuals or the class of workers subject to DOL system of production. According to Smith they will turn in to dull human beings, incapable of analysis and protecting their country. And he proposes the idea of compulsory universal education that will at least lessen this undesired outcome of DOL to some degree. A necessary sacrifice by the part of the society for the betterment of society as a whole. This separation of part from the whole at a macro level is what is going to form the basis of Schiller’s opposition to Smith’s argument for DOL. Schiller argues that why and for who should this part of the society suffer or accept subjugation for just procuring necessities of sustenance. My question is that if the society as a whole is better as direct result of DOL and its...
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...Overview of the Program Human Service has always served as important tool to bring the people closer to each other. In order to do so no tool can be better used for creating an environment which tends to benefit the society on a larger context (Marianne & Tricia, 2011). Schools are thought to bring changes in the society but in our opinion the learning and specifically schools cannot benefit the society until and unless the public schools ore equipped to serve the purpose. It is important for the parents and the society to indulge in the whole process and overviews the progress of the child and provides him or her with the ample chances so that he or she can progress in this word. In order to do the studies needs to be in line with the goal a child wants to achieve. This can be only possible if the whole society intends to promote and develop a learning environment. Based on the fact our project intends to enable every child to achieve what he or she wants to achieve in his or her life. Our role in this whole context is to craft an environment which tends to bring the bring the children, parents and the society on a single The primary objective of the program is to inculcate an environment which tends to make sure that learning is valued as a lifelong process and the differences are accepted as an opportunity to diversify the benefits of the education. It tends to serve the community of the far west which is located in the suburbs of New Hampshire. New Hampshire itself...
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