...The chaparral biome is a temperate shrub land biome found in all five parts of the world with a Mediterranean, dry, coastal climate. The chaparral is primarily found in California and the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico. The chaparral is also found around the world in Chile, South Africa, and Western and Southern Australia. The chaparral’s climate is defined by mild, wet winters and hot dry summers. Plants of the Chaparral Plants of the chaparral must survive long periods of heat, fire, and drought. Many plants of the chaparral very closely resemble plants of the desert that can also survive long periods without rain. The South African Chaparral contains many species of plants that are not located anywhere else in the world. Examples...
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...Explain how different factors can influence the variations in global biodiversity (10 marks) The biodiversity of the planet Earth is the total variability of life forms. There are around 1.9 million extant species. There are many factors that can influence the variations in global biodiversity which can be either physical or human. The size of an area heavily decides the variations in biodiversity. The bigger the area, the larger the biodiversity, as large continuous biomes can support a wider range of species and extensive boundaries can encourage migration. Also, a larger area is more susceptible to a variety in climate, which can support a variation in species. A good example of this factor taking place is the Amazon Rainforest. This vast area of 5,500,000 sq.km located in the Amazon Basin of South America has the largest collection of animal and plant species in the world, as wet tropical forests are the most species-rich biome. It is home to 10% of the world’s known biodiversity. History and age shows that older and least disturbed ecosystems, is where there is generally higher biodiversity, especially in the tropics, where there are few physical constraints on productivity. Older ecosystems have a greater biodiversity as there is a longer time period for new species to evolve. Not only for new species, but also for migratory species such as birds. Disturbed ecosystems, where deforestation and land reclamation occurs, decreases biodiversity by destroying habitats and...
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...South America South America is the fourth largest continent that extends from the Gulf of Darien in the northwest archipelago of Tierra del Fuego in the south. South America’s extreme geographic variation contributes to the continent’s large number of biomes. South America’s coastal plains’ dry desert biome rises to the rugged alpine biome of the Andes mountains. One of the continent’s river basins (the Amazon) is defined by dense, tropical rain forest, while the other (Paraná) is made up of vast grasslands. Mountains and coastal plains generally run in a north-south direction, while highlands and river basins generally run in an east-west direction. South America's primary mountain system is the Andes (longest in the world). The range covers...
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...The Andes Mountains starts from the tip of South America, travelling through Chile, Peru, Colombia and ends in Panama. As a result of its locations, the Andes Mountains makes a barrier between the Pacific Ocean and nearly all of South America. The climate of the Andes Mountains can be very varied; every region has a different climate. Unlike other biomes, the Andes Mountains changes drastically depending on its geographical location However, in general it has a high mountain climate. The northern part of the Andes is rainy and warm. The southern part is rainy and cold and the central part is very dry a large influence on the climate in the surrounding areas, especially in the interior where the Andes borders the rainforest from the Pacific...
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...Deciduous Forest Deciduous forests can be found in many places. You have probably been in or seen a deciduous forest. You have probably a lot of questions about the deciduous forest. This report should answer most of your questions. Some of the questions I will be answering are where deciduous forests are located, what the weather is like in a deciduous forests and some more. Hopefully in this report I will answer all of your questions. Location Deciduous Forests are located on every continent except Antarctica and Africa but are in eastern North America, most of Europe is covered in deciduous forests, there are some in eastern Asia, and some are in southern South America, and in the eastern Australia. Most are found at 25° north...
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...Expedia Inc. Expedia, Inc. is the world’s leading online travel company, making available all types of travel and an online and mobile web toolset for both leisure and business travel which delivers the information needed to easily research, plan and book travel. The Expedia, Inc. portfolio of brands includes: Expedia.com®, Hotels.com®, Hotwire®, Egencia™, Expedia Local Expert™, Classic Vacations® and eLong™. Expedia, Inc.’s companies operate more than 50 global points of sale with sites in North America, South America, Latin America, Europe, Middle East, Africa and Asia Pacific. Under the demographic segment, one opportunity for Expedia would fall under geographical distribution. Should Expedia focus delivery of online business and leisure travel in this area, Expedia would have little to no online competition. There has been little focus on the India market due to various reasons, but has become an emerging market as of recent. As CEO, I would capitalize on the opportunity of expanding into India first, as a blueprint as a success or a failure. As a success, this would give great insight to expanding into more rural areas, where the difficulties to deliver would be similar, as a failure it would give insight into areas I would want to veer in a different direction, or rethink delivery based on known challenges. Under the economy segment, the threats are easily definable. As the economy remains in a world-wide slump, fewer and fewer travelers are choosing to take fewer...
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...in Venezuela, he was Bolivia's main political leader. He was one of Bolivia's founding-fathers and served as Bolivia's president from August 12, 1825. December 29, 1825. He also played an important role in helping other South American countries gain independence from Spain and served as president in other countries of South America. His parents were Colonel Juan Vicente Bolívar y Ponte, and Concepción Palacios Blanco. He had two older sisters and a brother: María Antonia, Juana and Juan Vicente. There was another girl, María del Carmen, who died at birth. Before he was three years old, Simón lost his father, who passed away in January of 1786. He played an important role in the liberation of a large part of South America from Spanish rule in the 19th century. On his visit to Europe, Bolivar got the opportunity to witness the coronation of Napoleon. This incident sparked the idea of revolution in his mind, so on returning home, he joined the Venezuelan revolution. He was barely in his 20s then. His victory spree came to an abrupt halt, when his forces were defeated by the Royalist army in 1815, and he was exiled to Jamaica. Eventually, a victory in Peru in 1824, led to the end of Spanish rule in the continent, making Bolivar a powerful force in Latin America. Bolivar died due to tuberculosis, a few months after he resigned as the president of Greater Columbia. http://www.travel-bolivia.com/famous-people-from-bolivia.html Nikita Murarka Ms. Cressman Spanish 3, Mod: 2 ...
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...the eighteenth centuries had traveled to the extent that trade routes were established and it opened up the eyes of each country and their opportunities. European nations would travel to the Americas and Africa hoping to gain land and other resources, while the Americas and Africa hoped to gain resources they could use for their own gain. Resources such as plants, foods, and animals are native to different lands around the world; over time, as cultures came into contact, it was inevitable for global interactions between Europe, the Americas, and Africa to arise. Without these cultures coming into contact, the expansion of each of these countries developments would not have happened. Between the 1400’s and 1800’s, European mariners had a series of expensive voyages that took them to all the earth’s waters. These voyages helped them discover the world’s geography, but helped them gain something much more. European merchants established a network of communication, transportation, and interaction. The reason behind establishing these networks was to search for basic resources and lands to grow cash crops, establish trade routes, and to expand the influence of Christianity. One European voyage that took place was by Amerigo Vespucci. He traveled to the coast of Brazil and sailed as far south as the Rio de la Plata. Vespucci describes the areas in great detail the outstanding things he saw as pleasing and things he saw as out of the ordinary. When Vespucci arrived the first thing...
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...(Spanish: República de Panamá [reˈpuβlika ðe panaˈma]), is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The capital is Panama City. Explored and settled by the Spanish in the 16th century, Panama broke with Spain in 1821 and joined a union of Nueva Granada, Ecuador, and Venezuela, named the Republic of Gran Colombia. When Gran Colombia dissolved in 1831, Panama and Nueva Granada remained joined. Nueva Granada later became the Republic of Colombia. With the backing of the United States, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903, allowing the Panama Canal to be built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers between 1904 and 1914. In 1977, an agreement was signed for the complete transfer of the Canal from the United States to Panama by the end of the century.[4] Revenue from canal tolls represents today a significant portion of Panama's GDP. Panama has the third- or fourth-largest economy in Central America and[5] it is also the fastest growing economy and the largest per capita consumer in Central America.[6][7] In 2010 Panama ranked 4th among Latin American countries in terms of the Human Development Index, and 54th in the world in 2010.[8] As of 2010, Panama is the second most competitive economy in Latin America as well according to the Global Competitiveness Index from the World Economic Forum (WEF)...
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...operate under extractive political institutions. This essentially harms a nation for any potential economic growth that could come about in the future. The reason I say this is due to the fact that extractive political institutions do not create a fair opportunity for a nation to show off their abilities to prosper in the economy. Extractive political institutions are created to give the power to very few people, who in turn design, maintain, and benefit from these extractive institutions. An example of how extractive institutions were created was given to us by Daren. In this example, he tells us about Juan Diaz de Solis. Juan is a Spaniard and was responsible for putting together a crew of 70 mean to colonize the southern tip of South America in 1516. When Juan and his men had arrived to Argentina and Uruguay, they had a clear model they wanted to accomplish. This model was to find gold and silver and to capture and make slaves out of the Indians. However, the Indians who occupied the area were very small in size making it hard to capture and enslave them. Another downfall about these Indians they tried enslaving was they did not have a hierarchy set up, which essentially would make it difficult to make them work. The Spaniards learned very quickly that with very scarce Indians to have work for them, life was not easy and they began to die off. This led to the remaining men to move up the land to what is now known as Paraguay. There, the crew encountered more Indians, who...
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...was raining. Nevertheless, I paid for a general admission ticket that cost a whole $5 because I am a Chicago resident. This only gave me access to the Caribbean Reef, Waters of the World and Amazon Rising exhibits. The atmosphere inside this building was amazing due to curiosity of the wide age group. People were interested in the different types of reptiles and aquatic life and wanted to know more, so did I. The first stop I came across was the Amazon Rising exhibits. The first aquarium that caught my eye was the green anaconda because it is believed to be the largest snake in South America and possibly in the world. Green anacondas reside in the sluggish waters of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers. Because liquid supports their weight, they can outgrow such tree-dwelling snakes as the large pythons. People are not on the menu, but caimans (similar to alligators), capybaras (100-pound South American rodents) and deer are. After downing just one of these animals, the green anaconda can survive for months before eating again. Also, in this exhibit, I saw a really long fish that spike my interest. It is called the Arapaima and is known as the Amazon’s largest fish and the largest of the Osteoglossidae, or bonytongue, family, and one of the world’s largest freshwater fishes. As I went further through the exhibits, I began to notice the habitat of the main floor. Shedd Aquarium did a great job by trying to replicate the their original habitats. In the center of main floor...
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...How The Americas got started Charlene Cochran Matthew DeFraga His/115 8/12/10 How the Americas got started North American started to civilize about 35,000 years ago. There was a land mass that acted as a bridge like structure that connected Europe and Alaska. Many natives used this land mass to cross over to the Americas. When the Ice age ended the water level rose over the land mass which was submerged leaving the native that were here stranded with no way to go back across to their land. This is how the first descendants as well as their animal made it into North Americans over the years the natives started settlements of different tribes though out North America, Central, and South Americans. They were the first inhabitants (Axia College2010). These people were nomads which means they moved around a lot. The men of the tribe would hunt and fish for food . They also used Animal hides for their clothes and blankets. The women of the tribe plant gardens they also harvest them for more crops like wheat and corn. They also took care of the home and the children which they took pride in. They had to adapt to the lands while strengthening the society. They also would share their food with other settlements. They each developed their own language along with their religious belief. Many Europeans came to America by boats and ships through exploration. There were a few explorers by the 1300’s . One was Eric the Red he was a Viking. He was the first European...
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...1. Climate Problems Leading to Supply Limitations In the flower business we are not free of regular changes in the weather that could affect the production from our suppliers. When these weather events are known for their seasonal arrivals and intensity, they are usually handled and the risk of damage is controlled; however, there are climatological phenomenons that are more strength and arrivals can’t be predicted. This is the case of “La Nina” phenomenon that visits South America every seven years leaving catastrophic disasters. Colombia, which supplies 65 percent of all the flowers in the USA, is one of the most affected places from this climatological phenomenon, and as a result increases in labor costs, and uncertainty with the quality of the products and prices when turning to other suppliers are expected. Although Augusto Solano, President of the Association of Colombian Flower Exporter, shows positivism about the situation because eighty percent of the crops are located in the Savannah of Bogota, which has not been affected for the rain considerably, according to Kevin Priest, Cleveland Plant and Flower President, fewer flowers would be available for the upcoming holidays and retailers should turn to new suppliers in order to fulfill actual demand. Also, Ecuador, the second flower exporter country (16%), has experience some flooding for the same reason, but not as intense as in Colombia. For instance, weather events like “la Nina” have flower wholesalers and retailers...
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...Geographic and Trade Patterns Analysis paper of the Continent South America, in the Country of Brazil I. Introduction II. Continent of South America/Brazil • Population • Culture • Demographics • Economy III. Country located in South America: Brazil • Population • Culture • Demographics IV. Regions of Brazil • North • Northeast • Center-West • South • Southeast V. Political Culture • Traditional Rural Society during the colonial and independence periods • Rural Urban Migration • Political Culture in different Regions • Public health & Security • Quality Control VI. Economic Growth • Retesting • Treatment • Gross Domestic Product • Monetary Policy • Financial System • Employment VII. Trade Patterns • Trade Regulations • Imports • Exports • Labor VIII. VII. Conclusion Introduction South America was named in 1580 by cartographers Martin Waldseemüller and Matthias Ringmann after Amerigo Vespucci, who was the first European to suggest that the Americas were not the East Indies, but a New World unknown to Europeans. Continent of South America/Brazil South America is the 4th largest continent. It connects to North America by the Isthmus[1] of Panama. The country of Brazil accounts for more almost half of the continent and contains about half of the people. The countries that make...
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...In 1822, Brazil became an independent nation from Portugal and is now the 5th largest country in the world with a quickly growing economy, a population of almost 200 million people, and a booming middle class. Located in the middle-easter part of South America, Brazil borders Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Columbia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana - nearly all of the countries in South America! Brazil has a massive territorial size, covering nearly half of the continent, occupying an area of 3,286,470 square miles. Since July of 1994, under President Itamar Franco’s plan to stabilize the Brazilian economy, the currency has been the real. Brazil has become one of the largest markets in the world. When you think of Brazil, you may think of coffee, sugar cane, and other agricultural products, however, this economically diverse country has a strong industrial base producing and exporting commercial aircrafts, chemicals, petro chemicals, and machinery to the United States and South American countries. It also has many natural resources, including bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, and timber. Yet the largest sector of economy is in services including banking, telecommunications, energy, commerce, and information technology. Although the capital is Brasilia and the largest city is Sao Paulo, I think Brazil’s most well known city is unarguably Rio de Janeiro. This has a lot to do with Rio being home...
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