...evidence to back it up. This evidence includes scientific research completed on individuals similar to the client, clinical expertise from the clinician, and the values that the client and their family have. According to the American Speech Language Hearing Association (ASHA) this process involves the speech language pathologist doing the necessary research to gain the knowledge needed to make a clinical decision and have the skills necessary to act on the clinical decision and while doing so, making sure the literature they are basing their decision off of is reliable and is of high quality (2005). It was also stated to be...
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...stutterers have developed skilled techniques to hide the fact that they stutter. This paper will explain what I read and how it will help me conduct the clinical process with people who stutter. The first article that I will discuss is “Stuttering and Sleep: Some Speculation” by Sandra Melo. It has been researched that stuttering became worse after several nights of poor sleeping. In a single day, the brain processes more information than you can possible imagine. We rely on our brain to actively interpret and manage every piece of information our body is in contact with. When we sleep, the brain gets to rest, recharge and get ready for the next day of activities, thinking, processing, analyzing and more. That is why the amount of sleep we get is crucial if we want to efficiently function during the day. Sleep deprivation affects a person’s speech. It has been a general observance that individuals who lack sleep tend to stutter and slur. Vocabulary becomes limited and the tone of the voice is lowered. When conducting speech therapy with someone who stutters as an SLP, I first have to make sure my patient is getting the proper rest. Depending on the age preschool children should get 14 hours of sleep, school-aged children 10-11 hours, and adults should get 8 hours of sleep each night. Without the proper amount of sleep patients might suffer from increased muscle tension, which can affect speech. Another consequence of sleep...
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...The Use of Music Therapy on Stroke Victims When normal blood flow to the brain fails, a stroke occurs, there are more than 780,000 strokes every year in the United States causing more serious long-term disabilities than any other disease that number is expected to increase in the coming years. (Know Stroke). While preventing strokes is obviously a goal, the development of successful rehabilitation strategies is equally important. Music therapy has shown promise as a way to help stroke victims recover a variety of lost functionality. In this paper I will be describing the beneficial effects that music has on stroke victims. There are two main types of stroke ischemic and hemorrhagic. Ischemic stroke occurs when blood vessels are blocked, usually by a clot. This accounts for four in five strokes. Hemorrhagic stroke is caused by a broken or leaking blood vessel in the brain (NIH). The effects of a stroke vary by its type, severity and location within the brain. A stroke may affect only one side of the body or part of one side. It can cause cognitive deficits, muscle weakness or paralysis. A stroke in the right half of the brain can cause visuospatial issues, impaired judgment and behavior, along with short-term memory loss. A stroke in the left half of the brain can cause speech and language problems, slow and cautious behavior, as well as memory problems. A stroke in the cerebellum can cause abnormal reflexes, balance problems, and dizziness, nausea, or vomiting (Office on...
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...Therapy Billing Tips Provider Reference Supplement [pic] HP Enterprise Services, Arkansas Title XIX Document Date: 5/12/2010 HP Enterprise Services Arkansas Title XIX Account 500 President Clinton Avenue, Suite 400 Little Rock, Arkansas 72201 (501) 374-6608 HP Enterprise Services and the HP Enterprise Services logo are registered trademarks of HP Enterprise Services. All other logos, trademarks or service marks used herein are the property of their respective owners. HP Enterprise Services is an equal opportunity employer and values the diversity of its people. © 2010 HP Enterprise Services. All rights reserved. Contents Introduction 3 Eligibility 4 Restricted Aid Categories 4 All Arkansas Medicaid Aid Categories 6 Therapy Benefits 10 Program Coverage 12 Prior Authorization Request Procedures for Augmentative Communication Device (ACD) 15 Evaluation 15 Contact List for Reviews, Managed Care and Authorizations 16 National Place of Service Codes 18 Quick Tips for Submitting Claims 19 Introduction to Billing 19 CMS-1500 Billing Procedures - Occupational, Physical, Speech Therapy Procedure Codes 19 Augmentative Communication Device (ACD) Évaluation 22 Billing Instructions - Paper Only 22 Completion of the CMS-1500 Claim Form 22 Special Billing Procedures 29 Common Billing Errors 30 Brief Overview of Benefits 31 Contact Information 32 Introduction This Billing Tips document serves as a training supplement...
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...Similar to Asperger’s, Autism is a developmental disorder that includes both verbal and non-verbal communication impairments, along with hyper focus on one or sometimes both the areas of repetitive speech patterns, lack of social awareness and clumsiness. In the past and continuing present, typical treatments for ASD primarily focus on improvement and behavior modification. While medication is prescribed to control severe symptoms such as hyperactivity or seizures, there are no known cures for autism. (Therapeutic) There are only methods aimed towards lessening symptoms. However, research into a fairly new treatment called equine assisted therapy, is beginning to show signs of promise. Equine assisted therapy is a type of animal assisted therapy, a field of mental health that acknowledges the bond between horses and humans. It acknowledges the potential for mental healing that can occur when a relationship is formed between the two species, among other benefits as well (Therapeutic). It involves equine activities organized and facilitated by a licensed mental health professional, often with the assistance of a horse professional. These activities are most often completed on the ground and include such things as grooming, feeding, haltering and leading the horse. During the therapy session with the horse, the therapist and participant partake in talk psychotherapy, processing emotions, behaviors and repetitions. The fundamental objective for the child is to build skills including...
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...Writer’s Memo Through doing the research about dreams I have learned a vast about of important information from how to write an annotated bibliography, how to use VCU’s library system online, how to critically dissect as well as review my paper and the most important what different people believe a dream means to them. Once again my knowledge of VCU’s online library research system came in handy. Because I knew the correct ways to search of information through this data base it helped eliminate unneeded information. The writing workshops gave me and in depth look and how to read a paper from the readers point of view versus just the writer’s voice. It also gave me a chance to see how other people would create such a paper and gave me tips on where I was lacking strength. Having someone else read and criticized your work humbles you as well as gives you room to grow as a writer. Along with the workshop having you look over my paper and giving me your feedback helped be discover ways I could elaborate and fix my claim. Since this is the second time I have written and read research on the topic of dreams I feel like I have a stronger understanding of how beneficial dreams are to your lives. If I have dream that frightens me I know have a idea of where it came from and how it relates to my day to day life because I have read so many different views and opinions on dream analysis. Learning about the different ways people view the ‘meaning’ of a dream really...
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...Dexter Mickens HCA500 Research Paper Introduction In the world today many of the medical issues that exist are met through the implementation of the Health Care System. This research paper will explore the topic of stuttering and its influence on individuals, and also how Health Care affects those with this speech disorder. “Stuttering is a communication disorder in which individuals have involuntary disruption to the fluency of their speech”. Research Problem/Statement The goal of this research paper is to gain insight as to both the causes and possible treatments for speech disorders like stuttering. Also to determine how other individuals who may speak other languages may be influenced by speech disorders. The research that will be conducted will also analyze the social side effects of stuttering like bullying and social anxiety. Literature Review The literature review that was conducted by utilizing the several databases and journal articles found through Kings College EBSO Host database along with other full text databases. Stuttering is a speech disorder that usually is noticed when an individual is still a child. Signs of stuttering in most individuals tend to disappear as the individual ages. Stuttering “occurs most often in children between the ages of 2 and 5… Most children outgrow stuttering. About 1 percent or less of adults stutters”. Stuttering usually develops while an individual is learning to develop their language skills, but can also develop through...
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...Does Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Reduce Hallucinations in Patients with Schizophrenia? Grace Muiruri (NAME OF SCHOOL) Does Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Reduce Hallucinations in Patients with Schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder that can be almost as disturbing to onlookers as it is to the sufferer because it is characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behaviors. The schizophrenic him- or herself may find it difficult to settle into any kind of regular patterns that might constitute a more or less ordinary life, or at least one that had some regularity and continuity to it. Adding to the schizophrenic's problem adjusting might be the reactions of others to ongoing delusions and hallucinations. Recent studies have suggested that cognitive behavioral therapy may provide at least one avenue of treatment for those delusions and hallucinations, one of the schizophrenic's most intractable problems. The delusions and hallucinations represent a significant impairment for the schizophrenic, and diminishes his or her ability to dependably comprehend reality and develop meaningful insights into his or her situation. There has been a significant amount of research into the question of whether or not cognitive behavioral therapy might play a role in ending, or making less frequent, or even diminishing the intense of, the schizophrenic's hallucinations and delusions. Shawyer et al. (2012) looked at the special problem...
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...concept in a specialized rehabilitation hospital increases as the length of stay decreases in acute hospitals after surgery or procedures due to the financial burden on insurances, Medicare, Medicaid, and the acute hospitals themselves. No longer do we see in the United States two week long acute hospital stays after major surgeries, strokes or other injuries that affect the activities of daily living (ADL). The hospitals discharge patients back home much sooner than before or transfer them to facilities for further recovery. Unfortunately some of these facilities are long term acute care hospitals or nursing homes where continuing daily therapy is very limited. The fortunate ones get admitted to a specialty hospital called a rehabilitation (rehab) hospital that this paper will focus on. Here, nurses, occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech therapists, case managers, dieticians, and physicians work all closely together to see the best results of recovery and to achieve this goal before the patient is ready to return home at the optimum level of wellness. As a nurse working in a rehabilitation hospital I see this multidisciplinary approach to regain a patient’s strength on a daily...
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...method like family therapy helps everyone cope with it. Medications can be taken to treat Schizophrenia, but they are just a quick and easy fix, and have to be taken for the rest of the person’s life (The Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). The purpose of this paper is to outline what Schizophrenia and family focused therapy is, and analyze some of the research done that has proven family therapy to be a successful method in helping both the patient with Schizophrenia, and their loved ones who’s lives have been affected as well. Schizophrenia is a...
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...They have been found to stimulate the brain organ and to help regain some memories. It has also been discovered that they can bring language and speech back into the service users’ life who struggles to speak. (Wergerer 2013) The Elderly: Therapies like dance movement, drama and art when used recreationally can help improve the positivity, physical and mental health of the elderly social care service users. Engagement with art therapies can further the emotional progression and psychological well-being of these individuals. (Zeltzer et al 2003) The elderly can enjoy the arts and being creative just as much as service users younger than them. In art for example, water colour painting can be used as a more mature version and method of paining rather than finger painting which can be used for younger service users. Water colour painting is more complex and more of a challenge. Young children: There is so much evidence now-a-days about how children’s brains develop and the effect of creativity and the arts on this...
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...INT J LANG COMMUN DISORD, NOVEMBER–DECEMBER VOL. 2011, 46, NO. 6, 657–664 Research Report Communication skills in a population of primary school-aged children raised in an area of pronounced social disadvantage James Law†‡, Kirsty McBean‡ and Robert Rush‡ †School of Education, Communication & Language Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK ‡Centre for Integrated Healthcare Research, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK (Received 10 December 2009; accepted 1 February 2011) Abstract Background: Previous studies have highlighted the level of communication difficulty experienced by children from socially disadvantaged backgrounds, but the pattern of difficulties remains unclear. Aims: The study asks whether the performance of a community sample of children from one of the most socially disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Scotland is best characterized by a general delay in all areas of development, by difficulties across the more formal structural aspects of language or in phonological skills. Methods & Procedures: The study included 138 monolingual English-speaking children: 63 (45.7%) boys and 75 (54.3%) girls aged between 5 and 12 years. All children were assessed blind to educational attainment in the school. Outcomes & Results: Nearly 40% of children had delayed language development with 10% having severe difficulties. The children presented with an uneven profile with much lower structural language scores than reading, general communication skills or non-verbal...
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...People with ASD will have difficulty interacting socially with their peers, and many struggle with developmental delays such as speech. Autistic children will often be less responsive to their caregivers than children without the disorder. In the research article by Tong &Brereton two important areas of difficulty for children with ASD is the ability to speak clearly, and the lack of skills needed to play and have an imagination (2010). Children with autism are very matter of fact, and rarely understand any metaphors. They may also be ritualistic and have compulsive behaviors. The cause and effect of ASD is still unknown, many researchers believe there are biological and genetic factors that play a role (Tong, Brereton, 2010). Since ASD as a behavioral disorder, can autism be cured? Will children who are diagnosed with the disorder live with the same delays and rituals as they did as a child? After reviewing many journals, I have failed to find any evidence of cures; I have however come across different therapy’s in there preliminary phases. Music and dog therapy are being used across the country. Gold, Wingram and Elefant explain in their article that music helps people who are non-verbal interact without the use of words. (Gold et al., 2006) Children are able to make social exchanges through body movements and eye-contact during music therapy. This is very important because most children with ASD have no idea how to communicate feelings or have any concept of the feelings...
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...Marcus Altman Music Therapy 5/3/2017 MUS 161 VH Listening to Music Music therapy is a method that has been around as long as music itself. Music therapy is a type of treatment used in Naturopathy Medicine, the use of interventions to accomplish individual goals within a therapeutic relationship by a professional who has completed and approved music therapy program (American Music Therapy Association, 2014). Music therapy consists of a process where music therapists harness the many components of music in order to help clients improve their everyday physical and mental health. There are a few specific areas that music therapists help their clients with. These include cognitive functions, emotional development, motor skills, social skills,...
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...Running head: SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 Schizophrenia Excelsior College SCHIZOPHRENIA 2 Abstract This paper discusses the features and symptoms of Schizophrenia. This paper addresses the issues associated with Schizophrenia such as stress. It also addresses the bio psychosocial explanations that are associated with the development of this disorder. In this paper I address the type of therapies used for the treatment of Schizophrenia. The remainder of this paper discusses the rationale uses of these therapies and the effectiveness for Schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA 3 Schizophrenia The key features of the disorder, including its symptoms Schizophrenia is a disorder that is characterized by unorganized thinking and odd perceptions that dysfunction in major activities within a person’s life. These sometime include withdrawals from society; they have delusions and also hallucinations. They also may not be able to show emotion, feel pain, pleasure. They also have a lack of facial expression. They suffer from depression, mania and paranoia. Schizophrenia is the main example of psychosis. Psychosis is a disorder that people suffer from, they become irrational and they have lost contact with reality. This...
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