...Islam and Muslims in North America * With arising consciousness, with American blacks, the idea that very many of them could have been Muslims, got stronger and stronger * There are estimates that between 14-20 % of Africans brought over to America, were Muslims. * The first Muslims: pre-Columbian and Columbian arrivals or visits? * Muslims arrivals through the slave trade, from early 1600’s to Abolition of slavery in 1863 * Muslim migration to North America * African American Muslims- assertion of identity from 20th c. On 1.3rd of total Muslim population in the USA * Converts * Omar ibn Sayyid (1770-1864) * Born in Senegal, he was enslaved and brought into American in 1806. * Prescribed himself out of a teacher and left the slavery expeditions * Was sold to one master, who died * The next one who bought him forced him into hard labour * Although he was baptized, he was still a practising Muslim Muslim Immigration to North America * Immigrant “cohorts” -Pioneer families (19th c. To WWII) -Transitional families(post WWI to 1968) -Differentiated families (From 1968to today) * Issues -Integration -{reserving an identity) -Diversity within (ethnic, religious) -Proselytizing from other faith communities * 60’s are the turning point for Muslim migration -the post war economic boom and economic recovery, necessitates the influx of labour in Europe and in the North America= immigration is incurred. The...
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...Misconception and Reality of Canada’s Aboriginal Peoples Gloria Yu Misconception: The terms "Aboriginal" and "Native" are used to define one homogenous group of people in Canada. "Indigenous”, "Native", and "Aboriginal" are used as broad terms to collectively describe three different cultural groups known as "First Nations", the "Metis", and the "Inuit". These three groups all have their own unique culture, historical background, and political goals. The group known as “First Nations” has 633 bands, representing 52 cultural groups or nations and over 50 languages. Most individuals prefer to be called by the specific nation they belong in because each has its own traditional political structure, history, and spirituality. “Aboriginal” is a term used to describe individuals or...
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...premise that beliefs, morals, and customs are all based on one’s culture. In the essay, “No Place Like Home” by Neil Bissoondath, the author describes how multiculturalism creates uneasiness on different levels to immigrants in Canada. The author points that Canada’s Multicultural Act, focuses on cultural uniqueness rather than cultural integration that has provided for stereotypes and other problems for ethnic minorities in the country. Bissoondath is describing people of different cultures are put into different genres regardless of where they come from. Any disorientation, uneasiness, and insecurity they feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own such as religion, skin colour, language, lifestyle, is considered to be culture shock. Living in a new country can have its share of difficulties, but at the same time provide insights into a whole new culture. India is known as the melting point of different cultures, each one unique in its own respect from the art, food, religion, language, lifestyle and politics. When I was 15 years old, my father, who is an accountant by profession, accepted a job offer to work for KPMG India. The KPMG branch was located in Bangalore. My parents, originally from Bangalore, moved to Canada in the 1980’s. They were thrilled by the opportunity to visit India and my relatives after a very long time. However, the case of leaving all my high school friends, the food, entertainment and lifestyle behind and moving to...
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...U.S. Criminal Justice System Compared To Canada U.S. Criminal Justice System Compared To Canada The United States Criminal Justice System is used by national and local governments to maintain social control and punish violators of the law with criminal penalties. The primary agents responsible for upholding the law under the United States criminal justice system are the courts, defense attorneys and prosecutors, law enforcement officers along with prisons and jails. In joint efforts these agents work together to arrest, charge, adjudicate and punish those individuals found guilty of a crime. They are also responsible for ensuring that the accused are given a fair trial and that their individual rights are protected throughout the process. By law, individuals tried through the United States criminal justice system remain innocent until proven guilty (Criminal Justice System , 2011). The carry of firearms for protection and other lawful purposes is legal in forty-nine states, either under license or as a matter of course. Washington, D.C., and the State of Illinois are the only regions that both prohibit carry by statute, and neither issue a license exempting one from the statute. Open carrying of firearms without any licensing requirement is legal in thirty-one states. There is no federal law generally prohibiting the carry of firearms by citizens for protection or other lawful purposes. Some states' statutes prohibit carry in vehicles without a license; concealment without...
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...political, economic and spiritual topics (Hedican, 2013, p. 52). For example, the use of land was very significant to both groups but in vastly different ways. One of the main reasons why Europeans found the New World was for resources and land. They saw the physical environment as raw materials. However, the First Nations people consider the physical environment part of their spirituality and culture. They did not see it as a resource, but rather as a system they were connected to. Different viewpoints on the use of land made it difficult for the Canadian government to allocate it effectively. The conflicts surrounding the use of land continue today and spark events like the Ipperwash Crisis....
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...Lyon Mackenzie King made as the Tenth Prime Minister of Canada. The historical impact his leadership had on the evolutionary process and growth of a nation; additionally the paper will examine how Canada benefited and the negative implications by William Lyon Mackenzie King’s decisions while in power. The goal of this research paper is to enlighten the reader why Canada precociously went through 22 years multiple periods of transition and evolution. King worked diligently throughout his academic life. He earned five university degrees including an M.A in political economy and earned his L.L.B his educational prowess helped gained essential skills he would use later in life. King worked for Politicians...
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...Treaties Name: Institution Introduction The term first nations people is used to define the indigenous people of Canada with the exclusion of Inuit and Métis tribes. They were the famous land keepers (Treaty Essential Learning’s, 2008). Aboriginal people also denote these groups, even though they encompass a broader perspective. The population of the Aboriginal comprises several communities, among them the Métis, the Inuit and the First Nations. The First Nations are the most populous, numbering about 958 000, followed by Métis and Inuit’s who number at 266 000 and 52 000 respectively (Cairns, 2011). Since the times of European colonization, the relationship between the Aborigines and the colonists has been a shaky one. The only way to promote the peaceful co-existence of the established nations and bands the European settlers within the boundary of Canada was to enter into conventional agreements. Hence, Beginning 1701, the British Crown engaged in a series of treaties to promote a peaceful coexistence between the First Nations and non-first nation’s people.the decision to get into such treaties was reached after the numerous Aborigines nations initially waged a series of attacks on the few settlers in the region (Miller, 2000). The argument behind the treaties was that the government would use the Aborigines land in exchange for food materials and other exclusives. The signing of...
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...lived in traditional economies. In modern times this system still exists in rural and non-developed countries. Under this system, economic decisions are based on customs, religion and culture.. An Individual’s roles and choices are based on customs of past generations. This economic system often uses bartering and trading of goods although this may be limited because there is very little surplus produced. A disadvantage of this system is that it tends to discourage modern technology and the lack of progress tends to lower the standard of living. As a result modern technology is not prevalent in this type of economic systems The supporters of this type of economy believe that this system offers the advantage of stability and preserves the spiritual and cultural aspects of life. To summarize individuals in this system base their decision on past customs as opposed to having the freedom in making economic choices 2. Market Economy: This system of economy is based on supply and demand. It represents a free market system where persons are free to buy and sell with no restrictions. Consumer demand is governed by the so called “demand Law” and Product supply (by manufacturers) is governed by the Supply Law” In a free market set-up, an equilibrium between demand and supply is achieved whereby product (or service) consumption quantity and trade price of products (or services) is...
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...agriculture. 2. Two examples of where the federal government violated treaties as a result of continued settlement into the west and give the results of these conflicts During the nineteenth century the Native Americans were deprived much of their land and were forcefully removed from the west. The white authority failed to honor the treaties they had signed and made the natives vacate their own land. This resulted to relocation of a mass of people from the west. After the war the white authorities started treating the natives in a hostile manner. They claimed ownership of the Indian lands in the west by the terms of 1783 peace treaty. This resulted to relocation of the India from the west. 3. (a)Explain the use of the Dawes Severalty Act in trying to force natives to assimilate to the American culture. What were the unintended consequences? The Dawes Severalty Act provided for elimination of tribal ownership of land and gave out land to individual owners. The head of the family received 160 acres of land. A single adult and a dependent child received 80 and 40 acres respectively. Assimilation of Indians happened through taking Indian children to schools run by whites where they were educated to abandon traditional ways. Creation of Christina churches and spread of Christianity also helped assimilate the...
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...Ron used Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce tribe in north-western United States as a similar example, stating that members of the Nez Perce resent Chief Joseph because at one time he had tried to escape to Canada to avoid a war with the United States government. Ron explained that just as with Chief Joseph, there were Comanche tribal members who resented Quanah for being made chief by the United States government. Had Quanah been voted into the position of chief by the Comanche, less resentment and more acceptance of Quanah would have occurred. Incorporating Quanah’s mixed race, more controversy and resentment fell upon him. However, Quanah worked harder for the Comanche rather than chastising his opponents. According to Parker, Chief Ten Bears was a great leader among the Comanche but he was not written about much and remained in the shadow of Quanah’s achievements. However, Quanah, to this day has resentment among the Comanche residing in Oklahoma...
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...DEFINATION OF TERMS: Sociology; Sociology is the scientific study of human social behavior and human association and results of social activities. Sociologists are concerned with; • the study of social behavior • relationship among social groups and societies • the maintenance of stability and order PURPOSE OF SOCIOLOGY Sociologists develop knowledge on people and on their behaviors and activities in order to better understand societal interactions. Sociologists study the social systems (family, school, church, economy, political, etc) in which individuals fill their roles, people in relation to others. IS SOCIOLOGY A SCIENCE? Sociology is a science, but it is considered a "soft" science, along with psychology. A soft science is anything that is based more on the judgment of the professional than actual facts. Hard sciences are things like nuclear physics and maths. Elements of scientific study of society. • The use of theories in explaining Social phenomenon and human behavior • Conducting of social researches which involves systematic/scientific methods • Analyzing of societal issues using scientific approaches Furthermore using the positivist approach adopted by Marx and Engels enables the establishment of laws of human behavior in the same way natural scientists have established laws of the natural world. Their approach to dialectics was a development of the philosophical theory of Hegel, (1877). ...
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...Belonging This essay discusses defines belonging. It identifies some elements of belonging, and focuses on selected few. It discussed concept of belonging from my perspective and looks at the significant of that from Aboriginals perspective based on research. It gives a brief history of the cruel nature of colonisation, its impact on Aboriginals and how this colonial mentality is perpetuated through discrimination to the Indigenous Australian disadvantage. It states why the policy introduced by the government does not sound promising, what the Aboriginals wants and human rights implications in the issues facing the Aboriginals. Definition of belonging Belonging is the connection and relationship of individual with the world around him/her. (Jacques Dufresne….) Even though belonging has physical components, it can be felt individually, and develops to diverse stages with time and circumstances. This means that human state of belonging is not permanent. The status of belonging can be explicated by the choices that people make. The concept of belonging Analysing and reviewing sense of belonging I approached it by applying to my own being-that I belong to a family, my mother and fatherland, an ethnic/cultural group, a religious, professional and community groups. Within these groups I have forged good relations. The thrives that keep this profound affiliation going for me is the values we share, that include honesty, caring, sharing, participation, inclusion and respect...
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...Ibrahim Email: dhuz510123@gmail.com 1. Introduction The western countries have prided themselves on their ability to create wealth and modernization through the capitalist system. But since the break out of the economic crises in 2008, most of the western leaders started to turn to Islamic way in developing the economy. To avoid more unexpected problems arising from the capitalist system, it is imperative for everyone to come up with new ideas to recapture the once glorious world economy. Man (2011) stated that one of the methods now being aggressively debated is benevolence system through charity. Charity is not new to many people. It is the act of virtue in Islam as mentioned in Quran. Charity plays a major role in improving spiritual, social economy and justice (Man, 2011; Mawdudi, 1948). The core importance of charity is to portray kindness and good act. In fact, all Muslims are expected to help each other in whatever circumstances. The act of charity includes not only giving away energy and knowledge but also in sharing their wealth with the unfortunate ones. This giving culture is not to gain recognition from the society, it is more to get blessing from Allah s.w.t. Allah mentioned that He is the creator of all things and as such all things belong to him; as He is the most knowledgeable (Sura: Al-Baqarah, Verse: 29). There are many instruments in assisting the Muslims to perform philanthropy gestures such as zakat, hibah and sadaqah. But the one recently gain popularity...
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...CHAPTER THREE THE POLITICAL AND LEGAL ENVIRONMENTS FACING BUSINESS OBJECTIVES • To discuss the different goals and functions of political systems • To profile trends in the emergence and diffusion of political systems • To identify the idea of political risk and approaches to managing it • To understand how different political and legal systems affect the conduct of business • To profile trends in the evolution and diffusion of legal systems • To examine the major legal issues facing international business companies • To profile the idea of intellectual property and the basis of concern and controversy Chapter Overview When firms source, produce, and/or market products in foreign countries, they encounter dynamic and challenging political and legal environments. Chapter Three provides a conceptual foundation for the examination of the political and legal dimensions of international business operations. It compares major political regimes, discusses their potential influence upon the development of effective business strategies, and considers the relevance of political risk. The chapter also examines the major types of legal systems that exist today, as well as the strategic and operational concerns they pose. It concludes with a discussion of intellectual property rights and the associated challenges confronted in an age of globalization. Chapter Outline OPENING CASE: CHINA’S BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT [See Map 3.1.] During its thirty years...
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...Metaphor Metaphorical Subject: * Domain of experience from the spiritual realm ( the lord ) that needs to be clarified Metaphorical Predicate: * Familiar domain of experience of everyday life that is used to clarify the subject Key Metaphor: * Can Serve as the foundations of a worldview Societal Metaphor: * World-View metaphor whose model for the world is the social order Organic Metaphor: * Applies the image of the body to social structures and institutions. Comparing a living body with parts to the functioning of society Huichol Religious Thought * Deer, Maize and Peyote are all important and interconnected Syncretism * Synthesis of old and new religious practices introduced from outside, often by force Revitalization Movements * Ghost Dance was conscious, deliberate, and organized attempt to create a more satisfying culture in a time of crisis Secularism * Refers to the separation of religion and state including a notion of individual agency of citizens. Secularism is always understood within the idea of the modern national state operating within a capitalist economy Symbols * Represent a whole semantic domain and invite us to consider the various elements within it ( ex: Canadian Flag) Worldviews * Encompassing picture of Reality created by members of society. Attempts to Bring “Order, Regularity and Predictibility” to daily life and all aspects associated with it Domination * Hegemony * A system...
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