...interaction quality from sporting goods store, particularly Sports Authority, customers expect premier outcome and physical environment quality, as well. However, during the group’s collective and independent visits to Sports Authority, the quality that both the outcome and physical environment were not up to the standards that we expected entering into the store. Nevertheless, Sports Authority had some positive aspects about both the outcome and physical environment; however, there are numerous amounts of changes that Sports Authority needs to implement rules that would overall improve the overall customer service quality of the store. According to authors Kathyrn Gagliano and Jan Hathcote...
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...Child’s Power and Authority Children and the Natural World Story Books and Telling Contrast: Childhood and Social Class Compare and Contrast: Matilda to the Prisoner of Azkaban Roald Dahl’s novel, “Matilda” tells the story of a young girl in oppression by her parents who show no interest in their daughter and is mean for sport. It is a story of triumph in which her intelligence and magical abilities taught her the ins-and-outs of life. But more importantly, it taught Matilda how to take care of herself. Similarly, J.K. Rowling’s novel, “Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban” also addresses the oppression of the magical Harry Potter by his aunt and uncle and the various death threats on his life. I argue that if Harry and Matilda had not been oppressed, they would not have become the characters at the end of the novels. Matilda’s oppression started at birth. Upon her birth, Mr. and Mrs. Wormwood showed no interest in her. She was viewed as a “scab” because it’s something you have to wait for until it can be snatched off and thrown away (Dahl 1). Based on their actions and attitude towards their daughter, her parents could wait to remove this scab. The narrator describes Matilda’s parents “half-witted” because they were unaware of the extraordinary ability their daughter. They were also unaware that at a very young age, Matilda knew how her parents felt about her (Dahl 1). Strangely, even with their dislike, the Wormwoods assumed their daughter was normal. Harry is a...
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...their study, their conclusion was that power did not necessarily give people the authority to exert influence over others. Instead, the legitimacy of power all depended upon the time, place, and circumstances in which it was produced. Referent power is the broadest type of the social powers and can be used effectively to lead others who respect the individual or entity. Since referent power is completely dependent upon the followers’ view of the leader, leaders will not be able to use referent power on all followers. It is a power that is created by the follower when they believe the leader possesses qualities that they admire and would like to possess themselves. This quote sums up reverent power in regards to leadership well. “Power and authority come from the person being influenced-not the person in the more powerful position. If the follower chooses not to follow them, they are no longer leaders. Leadership is really followership” (Larison 1997). Some leaders will have reverent power over a few but some are far reaching. For example, Gandhi and Mother Theresa come to mind. They had reverent power over many because of their integrity, personality, and charm. They were the person that millions wish they could be, so their reverent power was widespread. In contrast, Wang Hao of China is the World Table Tennis Champion. He would hold reverent power over a few loyal fans of the sport but many people would not respect his ability to play table tennis enough to have...
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...to Investopedia, when using SWOT analysis, be realistic about the strengths and weaknesses of your organization. Distinguish between where your organization is today, and where it could be in the future. Also remember to be specific by avoiding gray areas and always analyze whether the company is better or worse than competition. Finally, keep your SWOT analysis short and simple, and avoid complexity and over-analysis since much of the information is subjective. Thus, use it as a guide and not a prescription. This paper seeks to evaluate the strategic implications of the SWOT analysis model of the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority (DVLA). The paper will give a brief background of the organisation, then proceed to talk about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and finally its Threats. BACKGROUND The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority (DVLA) of Ghana is the government agency responsible for the licensing and evaluation of drivers and cars. DVLA was established in 1999 by Act 569 of Ghana's parliament....
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...Difference Between Rules and Laws • Categorized under Grammar,Language | Difference Between Rules and Laws Rules vs Laws The main difference between rules and laws is the consequences associated with breaking them. While each is developed to invoke a sense of order, fair play, and safety, the weight of a law is much heavier than the weight of a rule. Laws are like the legal version of rules. When you are a child, a parent sets rules to be followed. When you are in a society, the government sets laws to be followed. When a rule is broken, the consequences tend to be uncomfortable but mild in comparison to the breaking of a law. Laws are enforced by a higher governmental office, usually the police and the prosecutor’s office. Laws are written in specific code so that they can be interpreted as needed. When you break a law there is legal action that follows, provided that you are caught. Rules are more flexible and carry low end consequences. You can set up rules for games, rules for the home, even rules for fighting or being intimate with a partner. Rules are personal in nature, and they are often adjusted as the conditions and circumstances of the home change. Laws must be passed through due process in order to take effect. A law starts off as a bill, and must go through a series of checks, balances, and votes in order to become a law. Rules are merely set and adjusted as the need arises, and should be followed out of respect for those setting the rules. Rules help us...
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...In Organizations, power is seen as tool that authority possesses to wield out instructions to their staff, ensure internal disputes are settled, fire staff if they are intolerable for various reasons and so forth. Therefore, one could deduce that those who possess leadership skills require a high level of responsibility amongst other attributes to be bestowed with power (varying amounts depending on what management level). Certainly, as mentioned in the first Spiderman movie (2002), ‘With Great Power comes Great Responsibility’ (Bolle & Vogel, 2011) This is certainly true in every organization that is successful. Leaders who responsibly use their power for the greater good of the organization tend to find success easier than those who don’t. For example, the most famous leaders of today, Steve Jobs (Apple), Bill Gates (Windows) and Sir Richard Branson (Virgin) are all visionaries and managed to responsibly use their power to make their companies amongst the most successful and revolutionary in the world. This essay aims to provide a detailed understanding into the various bases of power as mentioned by French & Raven (1958): -Reward, Coercive, Legitimate (Positional Powers)-, -Informational, Referent and Expert (Personal Powers) - (Lo & Ramayah, 2011). It also aims to provide an analysis of the use of power by managers within an organizational setting. Finally, this essay will describe managers’ utilization of the various bases and use different examples. This...
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...Referent Power Information Expertise Expert Power Any individual person who has an expertise that is highly valued possesses expert power. Experts have power even though their status might be regarded as being low. An person may have expert knowledge about technical, administrative, or personal matters. The harder it becomes to replace an expert; the higher becomes the degree of expert power that they possess. Expert power is occasionally called information power and is frequently a personal trait of the individual. A personal assistant for example, who has lower status in the organisation may also possess a degree of high expert power because they have extensive knowledge of how the business operates such as knowing where everything is located or are able to deal with difficult situations. Lewicki et al. (1985:249) states that people and countries will act sensibly when they have used up all other available possibilities. In any negotiation situation, expert power is the most standard type of power that is applied. Expert power consists of the persuasive nature of the information itself. It pertains to the amassing of information and how it is presented and is used with the intent of changing of how a counter party views the issues. It is the contention of Lewicki et al. (1985:251) that expert power is a unique kind of information power. Information power can be applied by any individual who has studied and prepared their position prior to the start of a negotiation...
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...A review on Power Bases application to Sri Lanka’s context Introduction This paper is based on Organizational Behaviour module and the topic considered for the paper is a review on Power, Politics, and Influence application to Sri Lanka’s current issues by Shamindra Hettiarachchi. The initial chapter of the paper discusses, what is all about Power, Politics, and Influence, the reasons why power required and the power dependency module. Then the other chapter briefly describe power typology, such as Power as decision making, by Steven Lukes,1974, Power as knowledge, by Michel Foucault, 1980, Powershift, by Alvin Toffler, 1990 and the Power bases, by Raven, 2008. Out of all the power typologies Bertram Raven (2008) power bases are discussed in detail with their current issues to Sri Lankan’s context. They are, Legitimate Power, which is the power a person receives as a result of his or her position in the formal hierarchy of an organization, Reward Power, which is compliance achieved based on the ability to distribute rewards that others view as valuable, Coercive Power, which is the power base that is depend on fear, Expert Power, which is influence based on special skills or knowledge, Referent Power, which is influence based on possession by an individual of desirable resources or personal traits, Informational Power, which is influence based on the information an individual control. Each power base is described briefly and discussed in detail to the...
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...intern at Xerox as a productivity consultant in the parts and supply systems group. Clendenin was able to save the company $300,000 a year by eliminating over-packaging and proposed for vendors to ship directly to the consumer which saved $2 million. Clendenin was aspired to work for Xerox, it reminded him of the bureaucracy of the Marines and he was comfortable with this “old model” culture organization. This was the start of great opportunities for Clendenin and for Xerox. After he graduated from Harvard, Clendenin was hired by U.S. Marketing Group (USMG) in the parts and supply department and within a year he was promoted to department manager. He was a leader of long-term employees who were logistic people. Clendenin had no authority and little experience and knowledge of systems. He used Taylorism and the Illusion of Validity to his advantage and decided to build an alliance with his 20+ year direct report, Tom Gunnings. Clendenin confirmed his weakness and respect to Gunnings and asked for his broad contacts within the multiple Xerox departments. This would prove beneficial for Clendenin over the next few years. In return Clendenin would guard Gunnings position within his group. They eventually became close friends....
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...either everyday or random tasks of service delivery. This could be due to various reasons, such as; lack of communication, misunderstanding the chain of command, individuals or groups being appointed to complete such tasks that have insufficient knowledge and/or authority required for the fulfilment of such tasks etc. etc. Such shortfalls on tasks as vitally important to a country as service delivery can cripple Government infrastructure and create political unrest amongst unsatisfied citizens. When we are referring to ramifications of this extent, it is imperative that governments / organisations implement safety measures that cover and maintain the correct execution of service delivery. Project management is a clear and concise method that can be implemented simply and cost effectively, and integrate simply into existing infrastructure. Basically what Project Management boils down to, is a simplified process of getting the right person, with the required authority and capability to manage a need, and ensure the fulfilment of said need. So instead of having various groups, reporting to various authorities, with regards to multiple tasks, you have one group of individuals, who have the relevant authority to delegate specific tasks. Service Delivery of Basic Education Curriculum Reform In a nutshell, service delivery of Curriculum Reform is referring to Governments responsibility to provide basic education that matches up with certain international standards...
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...Organizational Behavior Analysis Timothy Carter BUS 610 Dr. Carl Proehl August 5, 2013 Organizational Behavior Analysis Organizations rely heavily on human resource to maintain their competitive advantage. A strong organizational culture motivates employees to help achieve organizational goals. Productivity increases and positive atmosphere prevails in an organization when attitudes and behaviors are in conformity with the organizational culture (Baack, 2013). This paper will examine the action of individuals and groups within an organization. The organization that will be examined is a small school located in rural Guyana, South America. As the story goes, the school was established by the Anglican Church many years ago, and its principal, May. I. Ogle, a staunch Christian, actually had a physical input in the construction of the building. She set very high standards in the disciplines prescribed in the curriculum. The school was populated by less than 200 students and nine teachers. About eighty to eighty five percent of the teachers were former students who grew up in the small farming community which the school served. A young teacher joined the staff. For convenience, James will be used to refer to that teacher. James was assigned to Grade 3. The teacher in charge of that class was a senior teacher who had been in the profession for over fifteen years. Over a period of several months, James was taught a number of important skills. These skills...
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...attending the sessions. because most of them had this notion that they have to pay for this tuition classes and they did not see any reason why they should send their wards to these session when they are already sending them schools. But we explained them that despite they are attending classes, these students must have some doubts, issues regarding their academics so that we can guide them. I would like to recall the college incident again when I was serving as the Joint-Treasurer of the Cultural Society of the college. The Cultural Society had the responsibility of organising the Annual Cultural Festival of the college. We generally used to get a part of fund from the college authority. But due to some in disciplinary actions happened during our event previous year; the college authority had refused to provide the funds. Since the event was Annual Cultural Festival, we could not think of going ahead it without having...
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...LET 1 Task 3 Thomas Pepper 195297 Introduction: Corporation A was founded in 1989 and focuses on creating marketing programs for the real estate industry. The corporate mission of Corporation A is to help clients improve their real estate sales. The Corporation A team is comprised of professionals with varied backgrounds and experience levels. The company prides itself on fostering a team environment throughout the organization. Given: Employee 1 has worked in the marketing department at Corporation A for 12 years. In the marketing department, employees who earn a superior rating on their yearly performance evaluation receive a large bonus at the end of the year. Employee 1 often comes into the office on weekends or stays late to ensure the work is complete and accurate. The marketing manager encourages employees to work beyond the requisite 40 hours a week by reminding them of the yearly bonus for receiving a superior rating on their next evaluation. Employee 1 is planning to use the bonus for a well-deserved vacation that would be unaffordable without the bonus. Employee 2 is the only certified public accountant (CPA) in the accounting department at Corporation A. Employee 2 has negotiated with the accounting manager to work a four-day work week and is the only person in that department allowed to work a compressed work week. The accounting manager agreed to the shortened work week because Employee 2 is the only employee who can prepare the company’s financial...
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...To sum up: politically speaking, it is insufficient to say that power and violence are not the same. Power and violence are opposites; where the one rules absolutely, the other is absent. Violence appears where power is in jeopardy, but left to its own course it ends in power’s disappearance. This implies that it is not correct to think of the opposite of violence as nonviolence; to speak of nonviolent power is actually redundant. Violence can destroy power; it is utterly incapable of creating it (Arendt, 56). All too often a distinction between words such as power, strength, force, authority, and violence are not drawn. These words are rarely defined to their natural state and are commonly mistakenly used as synonyms for one another. Hannah Arendt a German political theorist finds this all too common misconception a major concern, and makes an effort to clearly distinguish between each in her work On Violence. “ Yet it is fair to presume that they refer to different properties, and their meaning should therefore be carefully assessed and examined… The correct use of these words is a question not only of logical grammar, but of historical perspective.” “To use them as synonyms not only indicates a certain deafness to linguistic meanings, which would be serious enough, but it also resulted in a kind of blindness to the realities they correspond to.”(42) The quotation at the top of the page is an excerpt from Arendt’s novel that explains the distinctions between violence and...
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...POWER AND INFLUENCEThe course examines the bases of power in organizations and the ways in which power can be built and used effectively. It also explores the positive and negative effects that power-oriented behavior can have on organizations. The ethics of power will be a recurrent concern throughout the course. Class sessions will be devoted to discussing “case” materials in light of theoretical arguments advanced in “readings.” Case materials include standard Harvard Business School cases, book chapters about individuals (Robert Moses and Henry Kissinger), corporations (e.g., Lehman Brothers and Time Warner), and industries (e.g., the auto industry), and in-class videos (e.g., a “Bill Moyer’s Journal” segment on David Rockefeller). COURSE REQUIREMENTS Final course grades will be based on student performance on three written assignments and on student participation in class discussions. Written Assignments. Each student will be expected to submit two individual case analyses that indicate what the student learned from reading and discussing the case in question. The case analyses should be one single spaced typewritten page long and should be submitted the week after the case that they address is discussed in class. Individual case analyses will be graded on a scale from 1-3 and together will comprise 10% of a student’s final grade. Each student should also form a group with three to four other students to complete a case study of a real organization. The...
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