...THE ADVERSITY QUOTIENT AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS AT ST. JOSEPH’SCOLLEGE, QUEZON CITY An undergraduate thesis Presented to the Faculty of The Departments of Arts and Sciences St. Joseph’s College Quezon City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Psychology By: ZHOU HUIJUAN March, 2009 RECOMMENDATION This Thesis entitled The Adversity Quotient and Academic Performance among College Students at St. Joseph’s College, Quezon City. Submitted by Zhou, Huijuan has been examined and found satisfactory and is hereby recommended for ORAL DEFENSE. Ms. Mildred L. Lazo Thesis Adviser APPROVAL SHEET In Partial fulfillment of the requirements fro the degree of Bachelor of Science in Psychology, this thesis entitled “The Adversity Quotient and Academic Performance among College Students at St. Joseph’s College, Quezon City” was prepared and submitted to the College of Arts and Science by Zhou, Huijuan. Approved by the committee on Oral Defense on March 8, 2009 with a grade of passed. Mrs. Nelia G. Prieto Chair, Liberal Arts Ms. Mildred Lazo Panel Member Mr. Francisco Lambojon Panel Member Accepted in partial fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Sciences Major in Psychology. Sr. Josephini P. Ambatali, SFIC Dean Acknowledgement This work would not have been possible without the presence and contribution of many valued individuals. Through this limited paper, I wish to express my endless, sincerest and eternal...
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...Sampling techniques: Advantages and disadvantages |Technique |Descriptions |Advantages |Disadvantages | |Simple random |Random sample from whole population|Highly representative if all subjects |Not possible without complete list of | | | |participate; the ideal |population members; potentially uneconomical| | | | |to achieve; can be disruptive to isolate | | | | |members from a group; time-scale may be too | | | | |long, data/sample could change | |Stratified random |Random sample from identifiable |Can ensure that specific groups are |More complex, requires greater effort than | | |groups (strata), subgroups, etc. |represented, even proportionally, in the|simple random; strata must be carefully | | | |sample(s) (e.g., by gender), by |defined | | | |selecting individuals from strata list | ...
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...Fact finding techniques. To study any system an analyst (an analyst is a person who researches problems, plans solutions, recommends software and systems, and coordinates development for an organization) needs to do collect facts and all relevant information. When the facts are expressed in quantitative form is named as data. The success of any project depends upon the accurateness of the available data. Precise information can be collected with help of certain methods or in other words techniques. Fact-finding techniques? The above mentioned specific methods to find the information of a system are termed as fact finding techniques. Interviews, Questionnaires, Record Views and Observations are the different types of fact finding techniques used by an analyst. The analyst may use more than one or more technique for investigation. Questionnaires Questionnaires are a technique that is used to extract information from a number of people based on the particular field. This method can be accepted and used only by a skilful system analyst. The Questionnaire consists of a number of questions enclosed together in a logical manner. The questions are simple, clear and to the point. Questions can be as one word or complete answer within two or three sentences. This method is very useful for accomplishing information from people who are concerned with the usage of the system and who are living in different countries. Questionnaire can be sent via mail, or send to people by post....
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... Methodology This study considers the academic performance at Cambridge of undergraduates educated at UK schools and colleges. Their academic performance is judged by their results in their last examinations classed on a First/II.1/II.2/Third basis. In most cases this is in their final year, but in the case of a small number of subjects, for instance Engineering, where the final year is classed on Distinction/Merit/Pass basis results in the penultimate year are used. UK maintained sector schools and colleges are divided into three categories: grammar (academically selective); comprehensive; and other state (mainly sixth form and tertiary colleges). Further subdivision of the other state category results in samples too small to be of statistical significance. This study analyses results obtained by...
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...elements of statistical sampling and other mathematical techniques. While, this unit provides opportunities for students to deal with situations involving probability, descriptive and inferential statistics, regression analysis and other basic mathematical tools used by business analysts at their workplaces, it intends to further expand student’s ability and interest into the area of economic research. Though the unit may seem mathematical at first there are certain characteristics that distinguish it from any mathematics unit. The unit provides students with the necessary tools to interpret results rationally. Finally, it provides the basis for a unit in econometrics at the higher level. The student shall be able to: • • • • • • • • • • • Differentiate the two general bodies of methods that together constitute the subject called statistics: descriptive and inferential statistics Understand the usage of graphical descriptive methods to summarise and describe sets of data understand the usage of numerical descriptive measures to summarise and describe sets of data Manage the data collection and sampling process Understand the basic concepts behind the rules and techniques of probability Acquire knowledge on the characteristics of probability distributions including binomial and other discrete probability distributions. Understand the importance of normal distribution and its practical usage. Link numerical descriptive statistics and probability distributions to statistical inference...
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...The results indicate a statistically significant difference, F(2,27) = 33.76, p = .03, among the students not participating in extracurricular activities (M =70.10, SD = 6.44), students participating in some activities (M = 81.00, SD = 5.21), and Brand Z (M = 60.90, SD = 4.63). The LSD (Fisher=s LSD), S-N-K (Student – Neuman-Keuls), Tukey (Tukey=s HSD), and Scheffe post hoc tests indicated that all the amount of extracurricular activity has a statistically significant impact on academic achievement. The results indicate a statistically significant difference, F(2,27) = 33.76, p = .03, among the students not participating in extracurricular activities (M =70.10, SD = 6.44), students participating in some activities (M = 81.00, SD = 5.21), and Brand Z (M = 60.90, SD = 4.63). The LSD (Fisher=s LSD), S-N-K (Student – Neuman-Keuls), Tukey (Tukey=s HSD), and Scheffe post hoc tests indicated that all the amount of extracurricular activity has a statistically significant impact on academic achievement. | | The results of the one-way ANOVA indicate a statistically significant difference among the three levels of extracurricular activity, F(2,27) = 33.756, p = .000. Post hoc tests showed that subjects who participated in some activities (M = 81.00, SD = 5.21) have statistically significantly higher final exam scores than subjects who did not particpate in extracurricular activities (M = 70.10, SD = 6.44) and subjects who participated in many activities (M = 60.90, SD = 4.63)...
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...Table of contents Introduction 2 Problem discovery & Definition 3 Evaluate the research 3 Evaluate the research objective 3 Evaluate the research design 3 Evaluate the sampling design 3 Test validity of questionnaire. 4 Identify the variable and framework 5 Literature review 5 Descriptive Statistics 10 Inferential Statistics 11 Cross-Tabulation 11 Hypothesis 12 Statistical test 13 T-test 13 ANOVA test 13 Discussion of the Finding 13 Recommendation 14 Conclusion 14 Reference List 15 INTRODUCTION In the current time, the Clothing Store called Uniqlo has some problem with their sales, so the company would like to do the research to find out and analysis the situation. Then, it is necessary to them to use the data to provide some decision making somehow. The objective of the report is to complete the business research of Smartphone and give the recommendations to smartphone manufacturer or smarphone retailer. The report has the following parts: The first part is the problem discovery & Definition which contain the objective definition & hypothesis of the result. The second part is the Literature review gives the theory & statement of the different variable of the research. The third part is sampling design which defines the sample method and the sample the group will choose to. The fourth part is questionnaire design and the questionnaire will show in this part. The fifth part is the descriptive statistics which give different kind of chart from...
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...Chapter 5 QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN AND SCALE DEVELOPMENT Naresh K. Malhotra, Georgia Institute of Technology Introduction This chapter describes the importance of a questionnaire and presents the process for developing questionnaires and observational forms. Guidelines for questionnaire construction are provided at each stage of the process. In addition, commonly used scaling techniques and use of questionnaires in experimentation are discussed and the design of observational forms is presented.1 What Is a Questionnaire? A questionnaire is a formalized set of questions for obtaining information from respondents. The overriding objective is to translate the researcher’s information needs into a set of specific questions that respondents are willing and able to answer. While this may seem straightforward, questions may yield very different and unanticipated responses. For example, how would you answer the following question: "Which State is larger, California or Texas?" Would you answer based on population or area? Why Is a Questionnaire Important? A questionnaire is the main means of collecting quantitative primary data. A questionnaire enables quantitative data to be collected in a standardized way so that the data are internally consistent and coherent for analysis. Imagine how difficult it would be to analyze the data of a national survey conducted by 40 different interviewers if the questions had not been asked in a standard way, that is, if the interviewers had asked...
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...UNCERTAINTY AND DECISION MAKING In many countries, the majority of the consumers pay a fixed price per unit of electricity used regardless of when their consumption occurs. However, the costs to produce electricity vary a lot at different times of the day. Electricity cannot be stored. It must be generated and supplied to each customer as it is called for instantly, day or night, in extremely variable quantities. In virtually all power systems, electricity is produced by generators that are dispatched in merit order, i.e., generators with the lowest marginal cost (lowest variable cost of production) are used first, followed by the next cheapest, etc., until the instantaneous electricity demand is satisfied. In order for the electrical system to be prepared to meet peak demand (typically, peak demand occurs in the late afternoon when people come back home from their jobs) it is necessary to keep a vast array of expensive equipment - transformers, wires, substations, and generation stations - on constant standby. The amount and size of this equipment must be large enough to be able to meet consumption at the highest peak demand period. Otherwise, if total demand exceeds total production at some moment in time, there will occur severe instabilities such as voltage drops or even generalized blackouts. Therefore, if a country could shift part of its electricity usage away from peak periods to other periods of the day (that is, if consumers could smooth their consumption pattern throughout...
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...FACTORY OVERHEAD The definition for overhead is easy. Here it is…… If a cost is not direct labor or direct materials, the cost is overhead. In other words, overhead is a multitude of different costs including indirect labor and indirect materials. Here are a few of many examples: electricity, property taxes, advertising, accounting, janitors, cleaning supplies, distribution costs, legal fees, interest, inspectors, human resources department, etc, etc, etc. Life would be too easy if it were just that simple. There is one wrinkle. There is a distinction between between overhead and manufacturing overhead. Factory Overhead is not a financial statement account It is a “suspense account” for capturing and reallocating overhead costs Factory Overhead is debited for actual overhead costs incurred Factory Overhead is credited to allocate overhead to production Regression Analysis Interpretation of output summary The regression model like that, Here, Y= Cost of production A= Constant b1,b2 &b3= Regression coefficient X1= Direct Materials X2 = Direct Labor X3= Factory overhead From the co-efficient table, the values of a, b1,b2& b3 are found out & the regression model can be written as follows: Y= a+b1x1+b2x2+b3x3 = -6537089.828+.248×1+38.489×2+12.326×3 This equation indicates that if taka of direct materials increases by 1taka, the cost production will increases by .248 taka and other things remain constant. Again, if taka of direct labor increases...
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...already be familiar with because descriptive statistics are used in everyday life in areas such as government, healthcare, business, and sport. 2. Inferential (analytical) statistics makes inferences about populations (entire groups of people or firms) by analysing data gathered from samples (smaller subsets of the entire group), and deals with methods that enable a conclusion to be drawn from these data. (An inference is an assumption, supposition, deduction or possibility.) Inferential statistics starts with a hypothesis (a statement of, or a conjecture about, the relationship between two or more variables that you intend to study), and investigates whether the data are consistent with that hypothesis. Because statistical processing requires mathematics, it is an area that is often approached with discomfort and anxiety, if not actual fear. Which is why this book tells you which statistics to use, why those statistics, and when to use them, and...
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...A questionnaire is a list of a research or survey questions asked to respondents, and designed to extract quantitative date. Questionnaires are easily distributed to the community and can be completed and collected on the spot or be emailed or posted back to the researcher. Self completed questionnaires are the most common survey as they are cheap and can be passed to a lot of people. Some sociologists tend not to use questionnaires because of their low response rate and lack of validity. Also, some people may give false information so some researchers like to stick to interviews and experiments for increased accuracy. I will explore why sociologists shy away from using questionnaires. Positivists favour questionnaires because they achieve the main positivist goals of reliability, generalisability and representativeness. However, questionnaires present a range of practical disadvantages that damage the reliability. Hites study of ‘Love, passion and emotional violence’ is an example of how these questionnaires have a low response rate. Hites sent out 100,000 questionnaires to Americans, only 4.5% were returned, merely 4,500 people. The major problem with this is that the people who have a lot more time on their hands, such as the unemployed or socially isolated, will return them, and the full-time working people will not have time to fill it out, so the researcher will only get a minimal perspective on the society he’s viewing. A higher response rate could be achieved if follow-up...
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...Case study C1. Oxfam Introduction: Oxfam, name formally adopt in 1965 after is abbreviation of its telegraph address, originally known as Oxford Committee for the Famine Relief. It was created in England in 1942 like many others to help during World War II. After the war Oxfam saw the need to continue helping Europe with famine and the poor, unlike others which cease to operate after the war, latter it also expanded its horizon to the rest of the world. Mission: Oxfam’s programs address the structural causes of poverty and related injustice and work primarily through local accountable organizations, seeking to enhance their effectiveness. We aim to help people directly where local capacity is insufficient or inappropriate for Oxfam’s purposes, and to assist in the development of structures which directly benefit people facing the realities of poverty and injustice Oxfam believes that poverty and powerlessness are avoidable and can be eliminated by human action and political will. The right to a sustainable livelihood, and the right and capacity to participate in societies and make positive changes to people's lives are basic human needs and rights which can be met. Oxfam believes that peace and substantial arms reduction are essential conditions for development and that inequalities can be significantly reduced both between rich and poor nations and within nations. The success of it’s grow was mainly due to many dedicated volunteers and donors who continued...
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...Bob’s Candies Bob loves making candy, especially varieties of caramel, including plain, chocolate dipped caramels and chocolate dipped caramels with pecans. Bob has received lots of compliments from his friends and neighbors, and several have encouraged him to start his own candy making business. After several days of research, Bob finds that the national average amount of money spent annually per person on this type of specialty candy is $75. Bob believes that the citizens in his area spend more than that per year. Knowing whether or not this is true could help Bob make a wise decision regarding his future business plans. Bob wants to use statistics to support his claim, and to help him obtain a small business loan. Bob also wants to find an estimate of the true amount of money local citizens do spend on this type of specialty candy. Bob randomly selects several people from his local phone book and asks the person that answers how much money they typically spend per year on candy like he will make. He obtains the following results (in dollars): 75, 74, 80, 68, 79, 85, 77, 82, 79, 67, 90, 72, 76, 75, 69, 85, 78, 79, 82, 66, 75, 85, 90, 76, 85, 67, 89, 82, 69, 79, 82, 80, 84, 79, 78, 81, 77, 84, 80, 76. Based upon these results, Bob is hoping his area has a good customer base for his new business. Bob also hopes the bank is impressed with his use of statistics and will grant him the loan he needs to start it! Questions: 1. What is an appropriate set...
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...Experiment # 1 Laboratory Regulations / Safety and Micropipetting Objectives: 1. To introduce students to lab safety and regulations 2. To introduce students to lab equipment 3. To teach students to use and calibrate micropipetters Materials: Micropipetters, beakers, distilled water and balance A. Introduction of lab safety and regulations. 1. General laboratory safety and regulations will be explained and emphasized. 2. Lab equipment will be introduced. B. Micropipetter Use and Calibration Background: Before you start any type of lab work, it is a good idea to check the accuracy and precision of the micropipetters that you plan to use. A very simple way to do this is by weighing the volume of water actually transferred by a micropipetter at a given setting. Water has a density of 0.9986 g/mL at room temperature, so you can use the mass of the water transferred to determine the accuracy of your pipetter (as long as your balance is reliable of course....), and by repeating the test several times, you can determine the precision of the micropetter as well. Procedure: 1. Using a balance capable of reading in milligrams or lower, tare a plastic weighing boat on the pan of the balance. 2. Set the micropipetter to its maximum capacity and carefully transfer that volume of distilled water to the weighing boat. 3. Repeat the operation at least four times, each time recording the weight of distilled water transferred. 4. Set the micropipetter...
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