...DMBA 610 Individual Paper Assignment Week 2: Critical Thinking and Decision making Assignment: Individual Paper Assignment: Individual Paper (15%) Your instructor will post a business memo that you will need to analyze applying the critical thinking model discussed in Asking the Right Questions. In a short paper (7-8 double-spaced pages) apply all of the steps of the critical Critical-Thinking model to assess the arguments made in the memo. Include all of the steps. Leaving out discussion of steps will adversely affect your grade. Although not necessary for a passing grade, answers to some of the questions may be enhanced by doing additional research. Remember that your task here is to evaluate the author's argument as objectively as possible, not to give your own opinions on the issue. Be sure to use the analytical points as set out in the book, not your own thoughts on the issue. Prepare your paper in the format your instructor requires and post it in your Assignments Folder. The citations and the reference list in the paper should be formatted in accordance with the APA guidelines. This paper is due midnight the last day of Week 2. Objective 2: Use a critical thinking framework to evaluate alternative courses of actions and reach sound decisions in workplace situations. Competencies: Critical Thinking and Communication Skills Criteria | Excellent | Satisfactory | Needs Improvement | 1. What are the issue and conclusions? |...
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...The Manager as a critical thinker Amos Agatovure University of Maryland University College Section 9047 October 16, 2015. Professor Martha Young Introduction Critical thinking is a term used most often by people and sometimes really don’t think about it what means and why questions are asked in a setting ways or why setting phrases are asked how and why? According to the University of Maryland University College (UMUC) Crit-Think-Audio, critical thinking model helps in the analyzation and finding solution to complex organizational problems that affect decision making ability of managers. By definition, critical thinking means making reasoned judgement that are logical and well thought-out. That is, a way of thinking that you don’t just accept all argument and conclusions, but rather you have an attitude by questioning every notion which raises the question of how and why? According to the UMUC Crit-Think-Audio, people who asked questions on how get a job and the people that ask question why be there bosses. However, this paper is for the analyzation of the Cliffside Holding Company of Massapequa (CHCM) Memo, and also, using the critical thinking model as described in the textbook, asking the right questions and applying the several steps as reveled by Browne and Keeley (Browne & Keeley, 2015, to measure up the argument described in the CHCM memo. The critical thinking model was prepared and applied in a memo by CHCM...
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...reasons why the State should not be able to privatize the Department of Transportation Information Systems management department. After analyzing this passage and applying critical thinking, I am able to breakdown the eleven steps used in the book “Asking the Right Questions. To an average thinker, there is ample information within this document that could be used to agree with Ms. Glenn’s’ point of view. To a critical thinker, the information and reasoning must be analyzed as to whether it is considered valid enough to call a “reason”. This document is a perceptive issue because it discusses whether or not something should be opposed, and if this matter is considered right or wrong. Just because this document is a perceptive issue, it does not mean that there are not descriptive assumptions associated. The first step in deciding to agree with the author’s argument is to locate the issue and then find the conclusion. The conclusion in any article, essay or document, is the premise to any other information provided. All facts and reasoning should be based off the conclusion. In finding the conclusion a critical thinker must ask what is Ms. Barbara Glenn trying to prove and what is the main issue? She stated “We must oppose to this act now or we do a disservice to our members and will regret it later.” ( ) this statement helps me narrow down the main issue which leads me to the conclusion. Ms. Glenn is stating a demand which should draw attention to the reader. The issue of this...
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...it thinking? important? How to develop critical thinking skills? What is an argument? How to differentiate arguments from nonarguments? 4 Lesson 1a What is Critical Thinking? Complex process of deliberation involving a range of skills and attitudes Identifying arguments Reading between the lines Drawing conclusions Evaluating Evidence Recognising techniques Presenting viewpoints Weighing arguments Reflecting on issues Critical thinking focuses on: Arguments Evaluate messages conveyed through speech, writing, performance or other media Identify the obvious and hidden messages more accurately Understand the process by which an argument is constructed Consider our own reasoning or other people’s reasoning - Reasoning involves analysing evidence & drawing conclusions from it. - E.g. “It is a cold day” At college and university you will be: Presented with many different viewpoints , theories and ideas. ...
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...decision, or fulfill a desire to understand Careful observation includes: * Remembering * Wondering * Imagining * Interpreting * Evaluating * Judging * Importance of Thinking Successful problem solving and issue analysis require factual knowledge, factual knowledge is already known so to be a successful problem solver, you will need both * Brain and Mind at Work Thinking occurs in patterns that we can study and compare to determine objectivity, validity, and effectiveness The very structure of the brain implies integration between the two hemispheres Right Hemisphere-governs the non-verbal, symbolic, and intuitive responses Left Hemisphere-governs the use of language, logical reasoning, analysis, and performance of sequential tasks The mind has two distinct phases: * Production Closely associated with creative thinking and produces various conceptions of the problem, various ways to deal with the problem, and possible solutions Good Thinkers: * Adept at using a variety of techniques * See the problem from many perspectives * Consider many investigative approaches * Produce many ideas before turning to judgment * More willing to take intellectual risks * Are more adventurous and consider unusual ideas * Use their imaginations Poor Thinkers: * see problem from limited perspectives * take the first approach that occurs to them * judge each idea immediately ...
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...Grading Criteria for Article Critique HD 1004 *Total of 200 points Add this rubric as the first page of your Word document. 1. Reference Information 20 points ___________ Correct APA citation including commas, spaces, capitalization, use of italics, etc. 5 points off per a mistake. 2. Research Question 15 points ___________ Correctly identify and state the research question Area of development stated and explained 3. Hypothesis 15 points ___________ Correctly identify and state a hypothesis 4. Literature Review 25 points ___________ Summary of the literature Valid critique/support of the literature 5. Method 25 points ___________ Answer demonstrates a basic understanding of the methods used Identification of longitudinal/cross-sectional Valid reasons for your replication argument 6. Results 20 points ___________ Able to report main findings correctly Answer focuses on research question identified 7. Discussion 20 points ___________ Paraphrase the author’s interpretation in the discussion section Personal interpretation 8. Future Research 20 points ___________ Discussion of author’s limitations Discussion of your future research ideas Following guidelines 20 points ___________ Overall quality of writing/presentation of ideas 20 points ___________ ...
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...Logical Reasoning The Logical Reasoning Section The focus of this book is on the Logical Reasoning section of the LSAT, and each Logical Reasoning section contains a total of 24 to 26 questions. Since you have thirty-five minutes to complete the section, you have an average of approximately one minute and twenty-five seconds to complete each question. Of course, the amount of time you spend on each question will vary with the difficulty of each question and the total number of questions per section. For virtually all students the time constraint is a major obstacle, and as we progress through this book we will discuss time management techniques as well as time-saving techniques that you can employ within the section. The Section Directions Each Logical Reasoning section is prefaced by the following directions: “The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.” On average, you have 1 minute and 25 seconds to complete each question. Because these directions precede every Logical Reasoning section...
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...REASONING SKILLS SUCCESS IN 20 MINUTES A DAY REASONING SKILLS SUCCESS IN 20 MINUTES A DAY 2nd Edition ® NEW YORK Copyright © 2005 LearningExpress, LLC. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by LearningExpress, LLC, New York. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Reasoning skills success in 20 minutes a day.—2nd ed. p. cm. ISBN 1-57685-493-0 1. Reasoning (Psychology) I. Title: Reasoning skills success in twenty minutes a day. II. Title. BF442.C48 2005 153.4'3—dc22 2005047185 Printed in the United States of America 987654321 Second Edition ISBN 1-57685-493-0 For information on LearningExpress, other LearningExpress products, or bulk sales, please write to us at: LearningExpress 55 Broadway 8th Floor New York, NY 10006 Or visit us at: www.learnatest.com Contents HOW TO USE THIS BOOK ix PRETEST 1 LESSON 1 Critical Thinking and Reasoning Skills The importance of critical thinking and reasoning skills, justifying your decisions, the difference between reason and emotion 15 LESSON 2 Problem-Solving Strategies Identifying the main issue of a problem and its parts, prioritizing issues 21 LESSON 3 Thinking vs. Knowing Distinguishing between fact and opinion, determining whether facts are true or tentative truths 27 LESSON 4 Who Makes the Claim? Evaluating credibility: recognizing bias, determining level...
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...P A R T I Be Aware “ E very man takes the limits of his own field of vision for the limits of the world,” wrote philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. The wider a person’s field of vision, of course, the deeper and more accurate his or her grasp of everyday experiences. The chapters included in this section of the book will enlarge your understanding of the thinking process; clarify the important and frequently misunderstood concepts of truth, knowledge, and opinion; identify the habits that corrupt thinking; and show you how to become a more critical reader. ISBN 1-256-46689-1 The Art of Thinking: A Guide to Critical and Creative Thought, Tenth Edition, by Vincent Ryan Ruggiero. Published by Pearson. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN 1-256-46689-1 The Art of Thinking: A Guide to Critical and Creative Thought, Tenth Edition, by Vincent Ryan Ruggiero. Published by Pearson. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 1 Developing Your Thinking: An Overview Is thinking an activity that is done automatically, without conscious effort, or one that we can direct? Is daydreaming a kind of thinking? Are feelings an effective substitute for thinking? Do exceptional thinkers experience mental blocks, lapses in concentration, and confusion the same way average thinkers do? Can thinking skill be acquired, or does one have to be born with it? In this chapter, you will find answers to these questions and other basic facts that will enable...
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...How to Write a Position Paper The purpose of a position paper is to generate support on an issue. It describes a position on an issue and the rational for that position. The position paper is based on facts that provide a solid foundation for your argument. In the position paper you should: • Use evidence to support your position, such as statistical evidence or dates and events. • Validate your position with authoritative references or primary source quotations. • Examine the strengths and weaknesses of your position. • Evaluate possible solutions and suggest courses of action. Choose an issue where there is a clear division of opinion and which is arguable with facts and inductive reasoning. You may choose an issue on which you have already formed an opinion. However, in writing about this issue you must examine your opinion of the issue critically. Prior to writing your position paper, define and limit your issue carefully. Social issues are complex with multiple solutions. Narrow the topic of your position paper to something that is manageable. Research your issue thoroughly, consulting experts and obtaining primary documents. Consider feasibility, cost-effectiveness and political/social climate when evaluating possible solutions and courses of action. The following structure is typical of a position paper: • An introduction • Identification of the issue • Statement of the position • The body • Background information •...
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...This short paper will cover the trait of independence, and it will answer a few questions posed to look at the trait of independence from a few different angles. These angles include personal definitions of the trait and how a person should be able to demonstrate that trait. The paper will cover how the AICPA looks at Independence, how the State of Texas vies this trait, and a look at a current article showing the impacts of the trait independence. Upon the conclusion of this paper the reader will have a better understanding of how independence in accounting is defined and how to identify it As we see defined in our class text on page 162 is that independence is defined as, "the state of mind that permits the performance of an attest service without being affected by influences that compromise professional judgment, thereby allowing an individual to act with integrity and professional skepticism. To appear to be independent, the CPA should avoid circumstances that might cause an informed third party to reasonably conclude that the integrity, objectivity, or professional skepticism of a firm or member of the audit (attest) engagement team has been compromised." Within the frame work of my own personal definition I define independence as having the ability to have both the personal courage and institutional ability to analyze, state conclusions, and act in the best interests of the public. As pulled from http://www.tsbpa.state.tx.us/firms/alt-business-structure.html on...
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...The first scientist who created life, do you think he would be the most important character in the novel? Yes, Victor Frankenstein is the most important character in the novel Frankenstein. One reason why victor is the most important character thus far is because he was introduced at the very beginning of the story. "It was, in fact, a sledge , like that we had seen before, which had drifted towards us on a large fragment of ice. Only one dog remained alive; but there was a human being within it whom the sailors were persuading to enter the vessel" shows that Victor was introduced by boarding Robert Walton's ship. This connects to my topic of why he is the most important character because since he is introduced at the beginning readers will infer that he is a main character. Another reason why he is an important character is because his thoughts and emotions have been mentioned multiple times throughout chapters 1-10. One example of when his emotions were mentioned was on page 43 when Victor says "I had desired it with an ardour that far exceeded moderation;but now that i had finished, the beauty of the dream vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filed my heart" (Shelley,43). This relates to my topic because the book has mentioned his emotions and feelings more then it has for any other character. Throughout chapters one through 10 different aspects of Victor's life are shown. For example, his family, childhood...
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...Critical Thinking Essay We have many different levels of thinking. Some of the things that we do in our lives, such as breathing, walking, blinking, etc become almost instinctive and we really do not have to think much about them. Some things require more thought, such as deciding what to eat, or what to wear for a particular occasion. There are even higher levels of thinking and these include our critical thinking abilities. Many scholars have noted that critical thinking is more of a skill than a process and it mainly consists of evaluating arguments. It is a purposeful, self-regulatory judgment which results in interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference, as well as explanations of the evidential, conceptual, methodological, or contextual considerations upon which the judgment is based (Astleitner 2002). In general, "critical thinking" is a mental activity of evaluating arguments or propositions and making judgments that can guide the development of beliefs and taking action. It has also been found that experts from economy and education nominated critical thinking as the most important skill in knowledge management (Astleitner 2002). It is very important to make decisions the right decisions quickly, and this usually requires critical thinking on the part of the decision maker (Abelson and Levi 1998; Carroll and Johnson 1990). Decisions can be very simple (deciding what you are going to eat for lunch today) or very complex (deciding where and how to build your house)...
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...Thinking and Decision Making Joshua Bustos, Markethia Hughes, William Huntzinger, Gabriella Nava, and Patricia Williamson MGT 350 February 27, 2012 Courtney Wilson Thinking and Decision Making Logical Thinking Everyone is born with the ability to reason, even on a primary level. Logical thinking is a process in solving problems that requires reasoning. The word logic is from ancient Greek. Logic is a science that studies the principles of correct reasoning. There are two types of logical reasoning induction and deduction. Inductive reasoning is also known as inductive logic is the process of reasoning for specific evidence, observation, or experimentation. Inductive reasoning individuals do every day in his or her lives. Deductive thinking is also known as deductive logic the process of reasoning based on common knowledge. A logical thinker needs to recognize illogical thinking. Critical thinkers will ask questions to determine if the issue is logical or illogical for instance; do the pieces fit together logically? Are you really sure this makes sense? Are you certain it is in the publication? It is imperative the questions that are asked needs to be specific and precise to the situation or issue. If there is any inconsistences exist when finish asking the questions it is more likely the thinking path is illogical. It is important for logical thinkers to follow the facts for creditability to the situation or issue. In another words “When the combined thoughts...
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...distinguish between fact and opinion, ask questions, make detailed observations, uncover assumptions and define their terms and make assertions based on sound logic and solid evidence. Next thing, I can tell you the most significant things I have learned about critical thinking and how my critical thinking has changed since this course. The most significant things that I have learned about critical thinking, that critical thinking is based on concepts and principles, not on hard and fast, or step- by- step procedures. Critical thinking does not assure that one will reach either the truth or correct conclusions. Critical thinking is hard intellectual work. Critical thinking is an intellectual skill that can be learned and improved. All reasoning, thinking, learning: starts and progresses with questions and a need to understand, occurs within points of views, and frames of reference, proceeds from some goals and objectives, has an informational base; uses data/information that must be interpreted and this...
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