...To further address the issues of why female students underperform in mathematics, Shapiro and Williams (2012) offer several stereotype interventions. One of the interventions is a self-affirmation, which is a process of creating positive thoughts about one’s importance or value that is different than the negative threatening situation. Concentrating on a positive thought of value, unrelated to mathematical tasks, elevates the stress of stereotype threat. Another intervention proposed in the article is intended in reducing the differences between the two opposing sides. As an example, women can examine how they are similar with men, instead of concentrating on differences, prior to the test. This strategy has shown to improve women’s achievements significantly (Shapiro and Williams,...
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...Gender Roles in Teaching Liberal Studies 3000 Section 2 November 30, 2011 Abstract: This research paper covers the history of teachers in the classroom based on the factor of gender. The paper then discusses the effect that gender roles have on students, teachers and classrooms. Gender Roles in Teaching Try to think back to childhood, and ask the question how many male teachers did I have? The response to this is predominately low according to the National Education Association, who state that males only make up twenty-five percent of teachers today. It’s important for children to have teachers who are positive role models. Children benefit from having access to both male and female mentors throughout their early childhood education and school years. (Martin 2005). Currently, men make up only twenty-five percent of the elementary teaching workforce and the number of men teaching in early childhood services is even smaller. The NEA also states that at the secondary level, forty-five percent of teachers are male. It is apparent that these sectors of education need more male teachers to address this imbalance and give children the opportunity to learn from quality teachers of both genders. Children at all levels – early childhood, elementary and secondary, need positive role models so that they can become successful adults. Some of the factors that disinterest males from entering the teaching profession are: stereotyping...
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...Gender Role Analysis Gender Role Analysis Men and women are different. How different depends on what stereotype one chooses to believe. Although it has been argued that some stereotypes are positive, they are never beneficial. Society creates gender stereotypes and perpetuates them through societal institutions. In this paper the roles of gender will be analyzed regarding education, public policy, and the workplace. How education shapes gender, the gender norms in government, the law, policies, and the role of gender in the workplace will be discussed. Education In many cases the classroom reinforces gender stereotypes perpetuated by society. This can be found in the materials used for instruction, communication between the teacher and his or her pupils and classroom interaction between the genders and with the instructor. Institutions generally have geared textbooks toward males with discussions of famous battles, politicians, and entrepreneurs with very little emphasis on female contributions in society. According to Sapiro, before the 1970s information provided to students “focused on and valued men more than women, indicated to boys and not girls that they should consider doing great things with their lives” (Sapiro, p. 155). Communication and interaction within the classroom also reinforce the stereotypical submissive female and aggressive male roles. Boys are more vocal than their female counterparts in class and instructors give them more potential interaction by...
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...right for me. Teachers, Schools, and Society introduced me to the realities of teaching that most people don’t realize until they experience it themselves. Many concepts covered in the readings correlated with the educational concepts and theme in the film. One major educational concept mentioned in both the text and the film is different ways of learning. “Freedom Writers” demonstrates the different ways of learning from the beginning of the movie. Mrs. Gruwell is assigned to a classroom of “at-risk” students. Many of the students are failing, have no desire to perform well in school, and have no respect for their teacher or their peers. Instead of simply giving up on these students, Mrs. Gruwell sacrifices her lifestyle, challenges the board of education, and shows these students that she truly wants them to succeed. As mentioned in the film, a teacher must care about their students to effectively teach them. Individuals have different ways of learning, perceiving information, and retaining classroom material. A teacher must be patient for some students learn and respond more slowly than others. Mrs. Gruwell also helped her students alter their...
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...The Influences on Children Shows and How Children Interpret Morals: Leadership, Teamwork, and Compassion, Which Then Affects Series Going Against the Stereotypes RATIONALE: Children nowadays have ditched the children books and relied on children shows for morals, values, and education. Kids are constantly watching Netflix or Youtube when the moment they wake up to when they sleep. Behind the show, there are producers, writers, and directors that are of a stereotype threat in society. However, the entertainment industry especially emphasizes on stereotypes for people’s enjoyment. For instances, Mean Girls was based on stereotypical high school. When in reality, there is no Regina George or a group called the Plastics. If children were watching...
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...There are more than 1,000 single sex classes in the United States. Single Sex classrooms are a bad thing because they cause boys and girls to not to be able to work as good together. Not being able to work together makes a lot of people not get jobs and have to worry about financial needs. Although I understand that single sex classes can provide the right learning environment, I still believe single sex classes are not good because they cause poor social skills with the opposite sex. Same sex classrooms are not beneficial, therefore American schools should not create same sex classrooms because they promote poor social skills, cause gender stereotypes, and high tutions. Having same sex classes protes poor social skills with the opposite...
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...Gender Role Analysis Mindy Brown SOC/333 February 17, 2014 Erica Lloyd Gender Role Analysis Gender roles and stereotypes are often intertwined. Stereotypes can be positive or negative, and are speculations about the roles of each gender. The stereotypical female role is to marry, have children, and take care of the household duties. Stereotype of the male role is to be the family provider financially. Children learn these from adults as stereotypes and gender roles are passed from one generation to another. This paper will analyze gender roles shaped by education, norms of the government, its laws and its policies, and in the workplace. Gender Shaped by Education Gender roles and stereotypes are often reinforced in the classroom setting. Children learn these gender biases from their teachers and the materials used for learning. Some teachers have an unconscious bias toward a gender and make assumptions based on the gender's behavior and actions. Girls are expected to be polite and studious while boys are rational, unruly, and boisterous. Bias may also be social as well. Teachers may socially categorize children by race, class, and religion. For example, they may perceive African American girls to be more outspoken and louder than Caucasian girls. Teacher typically targeted boys of the Caucasian race as they asked and answered most questions (Scantlebury, 2009). Teachers may ask them more complicated questions than the girls. If they are unable to answer the question...
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...Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination: The effect of group based expectations on moral functioning Jennifer Steele, Y. Susan Choi, and Nalini Ambady Harvard University In press in T.A. Thorkildsen, J. Manning, & H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Children and Youth Series: Nurturing Morality. New York: Kluwer Academic. Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination: The effect of group based expectations on moral functioning As citizens of the United States, we are extremely fortunate to live in a democracy, and more specifically, a society that upholds egalitarian and meritocratic ideals. As a nation, we have fought wars and faced internal struggles in order to establish this system and champion these values. Within the last two centuries we have abolished slavery, given women the right to vote, and desegregated schools. In more recent years the movement towards equal opportunity has been advanced even further; public and private schools have increased financial support for economically disadvantaged scholars, and affirmative action programs have been developed as yet another means of combating inequities. It would seem that as a society, we are moving towards our moral ideal of equality for one and all. And yet, disparities remain. Race continues to be inextricably linked to socio-economic status and education level, with certain racial and ethnic groups, such as Caucasian- and Asian-Americans reaping more societal advantages on average than others, including...
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...within the classroom that made you uncomfortable or aware of your own biases, stereotypes, and/or incongruent expectations? o No, there was not any experience or observation within the classroom that made me uncomfortable or aware of my own biases, stereotypes, and/or incongruent expectations. The observations and experiences that I have faced has been ones that I have experienced before. • Were any of your perceptions about the students and/or cooperative teacher incorrect? If so, what differ and how do you think you came to that misconception? o No, the students and the cooperative teacher are just what I expected. The students are willing to learn and does not cause difficulty within the classroom....
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...Over the years, FFA members have been criticized for the number of days they are not in a school classroom. Some Staff and non-FFA students believe that we are just skipping school. Contrary to their beliefs, we are learning skills outside of the classroom that will help us later in life. I have missed ten to fifteen days of school because I am involved in agriculture groups. 4-H and FFA have greatly shaped my life. In September, I miss four days of school because I was attending a conference in Wisconsin learning about my role in the dairy industry. In those four days, I had the chance to network with young adults from over twenty-three states and Canada. I do believe I can develop social skills in high school; however, statistics say an individual will cut ties with ninety percent of your high school peers. Also, my social skills would be limited to the individuals in a rural town. By associating at the conference, it is my duty to keep in contact and put forth effort to talk to my fellow delegates....
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...“Thanks again for helping out with my homework!”, you wave goodbye to your best friend. Some of your other friends wonder why the two of you always hang out considering the fact that you’re opposite genders, but really, how different boys and girls can they be? Many people wonder if girls and boys can be friends, or if boys and girls learn better in separate classrooms? Numerous of schools are now debating whether to have mixed gender classes or single-sex classes. (ink.niche) Schools should have all classes be coed classes because it helps students focus, allows students to open up, and helps their future. Having coed classes helps students learn. From the article “Boys and Girls Together” (responsiveclassroom.org), Anna Foot, a consulting teacher says students like being paired up with the opposite gender for assignments because it allows them to focus more. Since some of the students don’t usually talk to the other gender, then there’s nothing to talk about which creates less distractions leading to better concentration. In addition to that, if all students are required to work with the other gender, then there would be less rumors of boy-girl action because everyone will be working with the other gender. From the article “Debate: Do Students Learn Better in Single-Sex Schools?” (www.nea.org) , Andre Boyd, a middle school...
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...mircoaggressions, race, ethnicity, privilege, sexism, stereotypes, and much more. From these topics, discussion was held. However, I partially participated in only one of the discussions, the race/ethnicity discussion. I asked a friend to share my story because I didn’t feel comfortable doing it myself. I’ve always felt uncomfortable participating in these types of discussions. Nevertheless, from the discussions, I personally gain more awareness about these topics. I learned about how the country is affected by race, ethnicity, and stereotypes. If I could change how I participated in discussions, I wished I had participated more because I had my own thoughts and opinions that would benefit the discussions. However, I discouraged myself and chose not to share my thoughts. From journal #1 about microaggressions, I learned about how everything could be assumed as a microaggressions, even thought they weren’t meant as one. Microaggressions are everyday verbal sayings or physical actions that suggests unsympathetic insults towards other people, whether they were unintentional or intentional. During the discussion and the short...
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...Brent Staples essay, “Just Walk on By: Black Men and Public Space”, is a tremendous example of the systemic wariness that people of African-American descent must possess in their everyday lives. There are a plethora of stereotypes regarding African-American males that are detrimental to their societal image. Typically when one hears the word “stereotype” it is merely in reference to a harmless anecdote that is used as a source of comedic expression. However, for black males, these attributions of humor could be the subconscious beliefs that fuel their demise. A very large question is left to ponder; why do these stereotypes exist? Delving deep into research and statistical analysis there is one prominent factor: the false identity of African-Americans...
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...change their behaviours to match your initial expectations. Example: My coach expects me to do well and he spends more time with me preparing for my competition. I performed well and got a gold medal. 2. Introduction More often that not, the outcomes of events that occur in a person’s life is the product of the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy. In this article, we will address these questions as follow. First, we present the definition of the self-fulfilling prophecies. Second, we will look at the process of the self-fulfilling prophecy and how it is applied in our everyday life. We subsequently identify the effects of the self-fulfilling prophecy. Fourth, we will discuss the relation of self-fulfilling prophecy to stereotypes. Finally, we will conclude by weighing up the pros and cons of the self-fulfilling prophecy and how it can be fully utilised in an organisation. 3. Applications of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies Three steps are involved in the self-fulfilling prophecy process (McShane, Olekalns & Travaglione, 2012). Process begins when Stage (1) * Defining attitudes, and beliefs of its members * Employer interacts with employee who present highly visible and distinctive characteristics (includes gender, social class, disability, occupation or race) * First impressions or expectations set to the employee are based on assumptions about the characteristics dictated by the employers’s previous experience or by conformity to...
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...leadership and community involvement. Like leadership, environment also plays a significant role in narrowing the achievement gap. From 2001 – 2007 the Century Foundation tracked two sets of low-income students in Montgomery County Maryland: one group was assigned to higher-income schools and the other was not. Although the lower income students received more funding, the students assigned to the higher-income students were able to cut the achievement gap by almost a third in reading and half in math. The researcher of the study, Heather Schwartz, cited environmental reasons such as a stable set of teachers, less disruptions in the classroom, and more engaged students as reasons for the breakthrough. Although there are many extrinsic factors that are beyond the role of the teachers, they play an integral role in the achievement gap. Stereotypes held by teachers can contribute to the success or failure of students. Psychologists Claude Steele, PhD, Joshua Aronson, PhD, and Steven Spencer, PhD, studied the role of stereotyping in testing. They found that even passing...
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