...Providing English Language Learners (ELLs) equal opportunity to learn is one of the most important challenges that education institution face today. Since 2001, the No Child Left Behind Policy mandating that the U.S. elementary and secondary schools to adopt academic standards and corresponding assessment systems for all students in the U.S. public schools. This policy makes standardized testing more important and high-stake than ever before, because the consequences of these testing would determine grade promotion and college admission. Most ELL students are performing below their monolingual counterparts on standardized tests. Furthermore, nationally nearly 40 percent of English Language Learners wouldn’t graduate from high school under...
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...General Student Information: Student S. Scott is a 17 y/old high school senior. S. Scott was diagnosed with Autism and Speech Impairment during early childhood education. S. Scott uses oral English language skills to communicate. According to her current Full and Individual Evaluations, She has been identified with a speech impairment due to a moderate language impairment secondary to Autism. According to the last formal evaluation, S. Scott cognitive ability was estimated to be within the low average range. Adaptive behavior was measured informally and was considered commensurate with estimates of intellectual functioning. S. Scott continues to exhibit appropriate adaptive behavior skills. She is able to function independently throughout the school setting. Results from the last formal evaluation revealed academic deficits in the areas of reading comprehension, math calculations, and math problem solving. Both S. Scott and her teachers have identified weaknesses in her ability to think abstractly concerning passages she has read. S. Scott reported math to be an area of weakness. She currently receives modified instruction in all core subject areas. She achieved passing grades in all of her classes for the Fall Semester 2014. Due to S. Scott disability of Autism and Speech, she is likely to experience difficulty with social and communication skills. She may be hesitant to respond in the large classroom setting or in front of groups. She is likely to have difficulty making...
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...view. I’m currently volunteering at the African Center. I teach basics English to refugees. I believe that all of my students, with the help of the right tools, will be able to overcome any difficulties that the study of a foreign language might present. I don't mean that every student who enters my class will be able to express him or herself equally simply as a result of how I present the lesson, but rather that each of my students will be guaranteed the opportunity to express him or herself to the best of his or her abilities. I believe that one of my best qualities as a new teacher is my ability to inspire confidence in my students so that they feel comfortable expressing themselves regardless of their level of ability. In my language classes, students are required to speak in English at all times: this is not always easy for those who are having their first encounter with this method of foreign language instruction. The first step, then, is to put the student at ease in such a way that even the most timid student is able to make the most of his or her time in the classroom. In my teaching evaluations, many students refer to the type of atmosphere that a language class should have, and to how the learning environment in my classroom allowed them to express themselves: "He created such an amazing class environment; no one was ever afraid to ask for help", etc. Perhaps the secret is this: many students are grateful to be in a class where they feel as though they are part...
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...Cross- cultural Adaptation in the U.S.: Chinese Students’ Difficulties and Transformations Chinese students due to their special characteristics of Asian culture, face great challenges when living and studying in the US. This article plans to identify their difficulties, causes of difficulties, and strategies to transform. Since those difficulties exist, more efforts are needed to explore potentials, make changes quickly and successfully. Language Ability Language ability plays a critical role in the process of transformation, and language problems could trigger a set of inconvenience. Many Chinese students have pretty high TOEFL scores, but higher scores do not guarantee fluent English in living and studying. So, when they first come to the U.S., many feel totally lost, confused, and incompetent. They could not express themselves freely, sharing feelings; or even lost confidence and thinking ability. The reason for this problem is partly due to their learning habit. Students in Asian countries pay more attention to reading and writing in English language, rather than listening and speaking. In addition, the language leaning styles in Asian countries are teacher- central, and transferring knowledge is considered the duty of teachers. Most students are receiving knowledge from teachers, rather than discovering knowledge on their own. Therefore, students tend to be quiet, shy, and silent in classrooms. They do not like the way of public discussion...
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...The Challenges of Cross-cultural Adjustment: A Study of Secondary Chinese Students in South Australia (Homestay Situation) Chong Zhou, Guiyun Chen Abstract In this study, the researcher intends to make some contributions to the research literature regarding the analysis of secondary students’ cross-cultural adjustment through investigating a group of Mainland Chinese students’ experiences in secondary schools in South Australia. The study explores the perceptions of Chinese students in a more naturalistic way through conversations with them in their own language. It focuses on the cultural challenges faced by these Chinese students and provides some insider’s knowledge about the underlying causes for these challenges and their coping strategies in the process of adjusting to living and learning in Australian culture. This paper, as part of the study, will particularly focus on the challenges involved in the homestay situation, the results of which indicated that the secondary school Chinese students at homestays were confronted with four broad categories of challenges: difficulties with food, English language, household chores and relationships with homestay hosts. The findings also uncovered the detailed basis of each of the students’ difficulties, providing some specific cultural information for educational practitioners to better understand secondary Chinese students in Australia. Key words: homestay, culture, language, challenges, adjustment 1 Introduction Entering...
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...a way of expressing ideas and gives us the extraordinary ability to describe the contents of our thoughts. Familiarity with ways that help us to learn a language is very important. In the process of learning a Language many skills work together to create a link between a speaker and interlocutors. These skills generally taught and assessed in terms of the ‘four basic language skills, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. All language learners will need to develop their skills in each of these sections. Although all four language skills are crucial for improving learners’ language competence in a second language, purpose of this study is focus on writing skills. According to Cumming (1998,p.61), “the word "writing"...
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...Postsecondary education provides unique opportunities for student development, and universities need to provide an inclusive space for student learning and development. With an increasingly diverse student population due to globalization, Canada has also seen an increase in the number of immigrants, reaching 21.9% of Canadians in 2016 (Statistics Canada, 2017). However, there are very few studies concerning the challenges and learning needs of immigrant students during their postsecondary education in Canada. Interviews with immigrant students show that even though they met the language proficiency requirement for admission, they did not perceive their own language capabilities to be sufficient to succeed in their courses (Quinn, 2013). Moreover, immigrant students tend to have low...
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...Republic of the Philippines Department of Education DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue Pasig City K to 12 Curriculum Guide ENGLISH (Grade 10) K to 12 Curriculum Guide ENGLISH (Grade 10) December 2013 THE FRAMEWORK I. PHILOSOPHY AND RATIONALE Language is the basis of all communication and the primary instrument of thought. Thinking, learning, and language are interrelated. Language is governed by rules and systems (language conventions) which are used to explore and communicate meaning. It defines culture which is essential in understanding oneself (personal identity), forming interpersonal relationships (socialization), extending experiences, reflecting on thought and action, and contributing to a better society. Language, therefore, is central to the peoples’ intellectual, social and emotional development and has an essential role in all key learning areas1. Language is the foundation of all human relationships. All human relationships are established on the ability of people to communicate effectively with each other. Our thoughts, values and understandings are developed and expressed through language. This process allows students to understand better the world in which they live and contributes to the development of their personal perspectives of the global community. People use language to make sense of and bring order to their world. Therefore, proficiency in the language enables people to access, process and keep abreast of information, to engage with...
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...degree, I was fostered since I studied in high school that copy-and-paste behavior is something ordinary and needs no concern with. This offer such an easy method for Thai students to complete their assignments by selecting any favorite contents from website and use them straightforwardly. However, that practice has recently been challenged myself since I entered to master’s school in United Kingdom, where I found that such an idea of getting things done like that is an illegal way so called “cheating” –or plagiarism, which is completely exceptionable in an academic world. I also faced one of a suffering time at the starting point that I really cannot stand getting through that British way of study to give attitude toward any subjects using my pre-Google brain practice, which then opened my eyes to have a greater concern toward education issues in Thailand, and this gives warning for making changes by reasons that follow. To begin with, Thai people will lose their actual capabilities and ability to reflect their own value. This issue has grown in importance in light of recent problem that in the future, Thais will rely on things that existed in academic base not their true self and individual thinking. The practice should create a mindset that there is such a piece of cake to reach goals, and thus encourage students to disvalue some uprightness like integrity and perseverance. This poses a continuing problem for the future...
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...THE EFFECT OF LEARNING IN USING MOTHER TONGUE TO SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION Every day language plays an important role in all activities in life. It is use for expressing one’s thought and ideas by modulating the sounds. It is a communication process of God’s gift to human to interact and to communicate meaningfully at various levels such as personal, social and intellectual. One of the most prominent and advance language that is use today is the English language that has a countless influence not only in means of communication but also in written text. English language comes to our aid in our commercial transactions throughout the globe such as business and education. In learning an English language is now in demand because it takes place in globalization and helpful in dealing with other people from a foreign country. Unlike other languages, it has a establish pattern, phonological constraint and grammatical structure. In a real sense, English is an international and recognizable as a language we use today. To begin, language of human has different varieties and acquisitions that can be learn through a process. Firstly, the first language acquisition (L1) is a language through with the child makes acquaintance with anything about it to communicate. Learning L1 which is also called as mother tongue takes place in every natural way and through proper imitation and exposition. On the contrary, second language acquisition (L2) which is also called as foreign language is a language...
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...at the University of Massachusetts Lowell in the Haiti Development Studies Center. The Center tries to engage science and engineering faculty, and students in philanthropic research focused on solving life-threatening issues faced by citizens in impoverished countries. Following his example, I will also pursue opportunities to improve the technological development of developing nations and to mentor graduate and undergraduate students from underrepresented groups. For instance, my teaching goals with a graduate student from India was to provide them with the required analytical skills to evaluate low-cost charge controllers for off-grid energy supply in rural areas of developing nations. Also, during my classes, I always try to create a very relaxed environment where students are encouraged to brainstorm together and express their ideas. I have noticed that people coming from underserved background have an unconscious tendency to suppress their individuality and become estranged from the conversation. It is because people born and raised in lower-income situations have been taught to be not good enough to participate in high-profile activities. Although it is an irrational fear, it lingers in the back of their mind, preventing them from expressing themselves freely. During my classes, I encourage all the students to express their ideas without fear to be judged if wrong as making mistakes is part of the learning...
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...Disorders, and Giftedness Basic introduction paragraph or two. Learning disabilities Definition. Learning disabilities are a general term that expresses certain variables of learning difficulties. A learning disability causes people to have trouble learning and acquiring knowledge. People in general are often most affected by criteria: reading, writing, listening, speaking, reasoning, and mathematics (National, 2012). When people have learning disabilities having L.D. is an umbrella term for other names, which include: * Dyslexia—which refers to difficulties in reading; * Dysgraphia—which refers to difficulties in writing; and * Dyscalcula—which refers to difficulties in math (National, 2012). The above terms are the formal definitions for people that have a learning disability but in a specific area. Certain individuals that study learning disabilities have found that the brain works differently by which it processes information entirely different from others. Children with various learning disabilities have often been coined as being stupid or lazy. They are in fact neither, they can be extremely high achievers and with the right help children with LD acquire knowledge over time with much success. http://www.ldonline.org/ldbasics/whatisld Characteristics. The students that show signs of challenges in regards to their behavior or perceive to exhibit different actions from that of their peers are not able to comprehend the negative outcomes from their actions...
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...Children with language impairment that have reading disorders, are usually defined as having poor reading achievement. The two main components of language development that will be discussed in this essay are: Language Deficiencies and Language Abilities. According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, the word deficiency means: to have a lack of something needed: the state of not having enough of something necessary. In children who exhibit complications involving phonetic understanding and reading deficiencies will most likely have literacy delay and progress in their overall learning. A deficiency in English language skills can cause problems with teachers and other people whom children encounter as they progress through school and later in life. These deficiencies can be a result from complications of the central nervous system such as Dyslexia, English as a Second Language families, Autism, Loss of Hearing, Learning Disabilities and Brain Injuries. While these are categories, some of the problems that could occur with children who have language deficiencies are 1. Have trouble getting their message...
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...unusual. In fact, it’s the norm for most of the world’s societies. It is possible for a person to know more than one or two languages, most especially when the country is not in the western part of the globe, usually, people can speak two languages—that is, their L1 and L2, which, in this context, L2 is usually the English language. People become bilingual when they learn two languages at the same time, or, they learn the second language sometime after they acquired their L1. But then, it is more possible for a person to learn a second language sometime after he has acquired his L1. The problem is, the older you get, the harder it is to learn to speak a new language as well as a native speaker. Many linguists believe that there is a so-called “critical period” wherein the child can easily acquire any language that he or she is regularly exposed to. Under this belief, the structure of the brain changes at puberty, then after that, it becomes harder to learn a new language. In some countries, nearly everyone is bilingual or multilingual. Except for United States of America, of course. Since their L1 is already English, they are rarely encouraged anymore to learn an L2. A Bilingual can either be an early bilingual or late bilingual. Early Bilingual can be subdivided into...
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...Correlation of English Proficiency between Academic Performances in Selected Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management Students in Laguna State Polytechnic University Los Baños – Campus Submitted to the Faculty, College of Hospitality Management and Tourism, Laguna State Polytecnic University Los Baños Campus, Los Baños, Laguna In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Methods of Research Samantha L. Banasihan Mark L. Banasihan CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction The importance of English language for enhancing educational attainment through improved communication ability can never be over emphasized. Students who have so much difficulties with their communication skill in English language may not function effectively, not only in English language but in their academic and this is no reason than the fact that English language in Philippines today is the language of text-books and the language of instruction in schools. When English Language proficiency is high, it will definitely affect and improve the academic performance of such students. Nevertheless, where the proficiency in English is lacking in any academic setting, it will definitely lower the academic performance of such students. The competency in English significantly determines performances in intelligence or academic tests. The explanation above seem to suggest that mastery of English language is very importance even in students’ academic performances...
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