...What were some of Apple’s biggest successes and failures? Describe why. Apple Inc. has been in the USA and market place for long time since 1975 until today. Apply Inc. is the leader in technology market in the USA and in the world. In very beginning Steve Jobs and Steven Wozniak invented Apply I in 1975 and surprising the sale was pretty good. Then two years later the second, Apple II was designed and within a year the company has made $3 million. This is just the result that Apply always been working on creative and new things. Back in time, the Apple Inc. was not always big success. Couple years later Apple Inc. has design the pricey and unique product with the high price such as, Apple Lisa in 1983 or Macintosh TV in 1993. Both has ended up been the worse product due as a computer specs; it is lackluster and too expensive for Macintosh TV. Another flop is back in 1996 as network computer that can play game. The failures of Apple have been due to following; 1. Pricey Products 2. Poor marketing efforts 3. Too ambitious products The following products could be considered success for Apple; 1. IPod is one of the Apple’s biggest successes, it has completely changed the music industry and we can even say it has done a revolution in the technology innovation. 2. IPhone is the biggest success in my opinion since it is affordable, very popular and useful for everyone compare to other products Apple released. Created January 2007. 3. The Apple II 4....
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...and if it impacts Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) implementation success. According to my research, there are many studies focusing on how an HRIS project can be initiated and implemented efficiently and effectively. However, there is not much information if ‘technology trust’ is an influential factor to reach the ultimate goal of HRIS implementation. The study Lippert and Swiercz (2005) worked to explore several propositions about the relationship between HRIS and Technology Trust and the effect of the relationship on HRIS implementation success. We know that trust is an essential component of all relationships. Research shows that trust is not only useful, but also central to understanding individual behavior in varied domains such as teamwork, risk-taking and job performance, information systems implementation, etc. (McKnight et al, 2011) Therefore, it is crucial to explore if the notion of “technology trust” helps explain why there are HRIS implementation failures and explain how to integrate the HRIS implementation process since it is proven that most organizations deploy less than 25% of the functionality of HRIS (Boroughs et al, 2008). Browne and Roguch (2001) stated that “despite the good faith efforts by organizations, analysts, and users, majority of systems are abandoned before completion or fail to meet user requirements.” The recent reports explain reasons the failures of HRIS implementation as poor project management, loose project control, equipment...
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...decision to open in an area which lacks a certain product. There are three mechanisms which one is essential for a company to gain first mover advantage. For example, technological leadership in production process is as vital as pre-emption of assets and development of buyer switching costs . However, what is definite is that regardless of what market they are in, companies would agree that there is no certainty for success. Despite having the position to exploit position, due to existing asymmetric knowledge with potential competitors, many first movers have experienced failure as a result, either from successful hit and run firms, or simply due to launching a product that did not attract enough consumers. Being an advantageous first mover is when the firm is capable of maintaining dominance for product in the market, thus sustaining its competitive advantage and at the same time, is making abnormal profits in the long run. A first mover can many times have the position of a monopoly which can lead to benefits of controlling the market and strengthening brand loyalty. A company can gain first mover advantage by being the first to break through the research and development in-order to produce innovative products through technological leadership. With patents laws or even trade secrets, this vital production process can be protected from becoming known to any other companies...
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...FACTA UNIVERSITATIS Series: Economics and Organization Vol. 5, No 1, 2008, pp. 17 - 29 EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FACTORS АFFЕCTING THE PRODUCT AND BUSINESS PROCESS INNOVATION UDC 001.895:658.62 Nebojša Zakić, Ana Jovanović, Milan Stamatović Faculty of Entrepreneurial Business, Union University, Belgrade Abstract. The competitive advantage of a company strongly depends on its possibility to benefit from innovational activities. Understanding the factors that affect product and process innovation and their effects is necessary for deciding on an innovation strategy that is one of the core factors of an innovation success. We research the influence of nine external and internal factors on product and business processes innovation. For the analysis of important relations and conclusions, beside theoretical literature, we use the results of several studies. Key Words: product innovations, business processes innovation, industry maturity, customer needs, demand, technological opportunity, investment attractiveness, company size, export orientation INTRODUCTION Innovations are one of the main sources of a competitive advantage and they are essential for a company growth. Fast technology development, combined with the globalisation and fast changes in customer demand, implies that a competitive advantage of a company can be only temporary. Companies put great effort in beating the competition and improvement in the market game by introducing innovations. On the macro level, innovations...
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...There are many technology companies in the world today, all are fighting to be innovative and gain market-share. Each company has successes and failures, one such company, Apple, has risen above most others. Apple has had many successes and failures, many of its success have related directly back to its culture and have driven technological innovation. Three of Apple’s biggest successes are the iPod, iTunes, and iPhone. Introduced in 2001 the iPod offered consumers and easy interface to house up to 1000 “on the go” songs. For Apple, the iPod offered a monopoly type product with high margins. The iTunes application also rolled out in 2001 and offered users and easy interface to search and download music and movies. In 2002, Apple released the Windows version of iTunes instantly revolutionizing the music delivery market. To date Apple holds the number one spot for sales of MP3 players. The introduction of the iPhone combined the functionality of a cell phone, the iPod, Apple operating system and camera. Now users had mobile entertainment in the palm of their hands. Three of Apple’s biggest failures are the Power Mac G4 Cube, Motorola Rokr, and PodNano 3rd Generation. The PowerMac G4 Cube is still known as being a revolutionary product to the industry. However, it was high priced, overheated and hardware components had a tendency to breakdown. The Rokr was a joint venture between Motorola and Apple to produce the first “iPhone” type mobile phone. Product Development was in control...
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...ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning Liberty University Dr. Thomas Spotts Organizational Design and Structure ABSTRACT An Enterprise Resource Planning serves as a cross-functional enterprise backbone that integrates and automates many internal business processes and information systems within the manufacturing, logistics, distribution, accounting, finance, and human resource functions of a company. Large companies throughout the world began installing ERP systems in the 1990s as a conceptual framework for reengineering their business processes1. They have come to realize the importance of having such system in place to help them sustain their competitive advantage and to be ahead of other players in the market. It is true that the benefits that come with successful implementation are great but if not handled carefully, the risks involved are equally great. At present, most of the corporations can no longer disregard the significance of Information Technology in their organization to get competitive benefit. The companies are seriously depending on IT for processing their work because IT has supremacy to alter the whole organization such as size, net-profit, efficiency, human activity competence and customer contentment. A category III IS advancement, ERP (Enterprise resource planning system), has strategic application for the business since the incorporation of this system into all the major strategies or processes of the business can have a direct...
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...1. What were some of Apple’s biggest successes and failures? Describe why. iTunes was announced in January 2001 as an all-in-one digital music program. iTunes immediately made an impact on a dying music industry as it brought a different approach to how consumers purchase music. The music consumer industry had been going through a change in how music was being used in terms of devices. Consumers were utilizing digital technology devices to download songs instead of using CD's. iTunes was a way for consumers to personalize their music experience within a downloadable software application. iTunes allows users to download MP3, use Internet Radio, write CD's and purchase songs from their favorite artists at a low cost of $.99. iTunes announcement also sparked the cloud revolution. Apple's iOS App Store was launched in July 2008 as a tool for consumers to use to download applications for their smart phones or smart devices. Apple announced a milestone in July 2011 in that it had reached it 15 billionth download of more than 500,000 applications. The App Store has become the cornerstone of the iPhones success. The App Stores success is driving the markets in that it’s creating new markets for software developers. Their biggest success of Apple is bringing back the late Steve Jobs. Without Jobs, Apple would be a thing of the past. Jobs came back to Apple in July 1997 as the interim CEO after Apple had posted a $1 billion loss in revenues and stock was trading at...
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...development processes: how end users and IS specialists develop and implement business/IT solutions to problems and opportunities arising in business; and (5) management challenges: how to effectively and ethically manage the IS function and IT resources to achieve top performance and business value in support of the business strategies of the enterprise. * Business Roles of Information Systems. Information systems perform three vital roles in business firms. Business applications of IS support an organization’s business processes and operations, business decision making, and strategic competitive advantage. Major application categories of information systems include operations support systems, such as transaction processing systems, process control systems, and enterprise collaboration systems, and management support systems, such as management information systems, decision support systems, and executive information systems. Other major categories are expert systems, knowledge management systems, strategic information systems, and functional business systems. However, in the real world most application categories are combined into cross-functional information systems that provide information and support for...
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...Case Analysis 1: Apple Computer NETW583 – Strategic Management of Tech For this brief paper I have been asked to answer the following three questions about the company Apple Inc. : What were some of Apple's biggest successes and failures? How much of Apple's success can be linked directly back to its culture? How do the actions of Apple apply to the TCOs? The best way I can most effetely answer these questions is to start with the second question, How much of Apple's success can be linked directly back to its culture? I think that a Apples success can be significantly linked directly back to its culture. This question is easily supported by what happened when Apple hired John Sculley as their President and CEO in 1983 and pressured Steve Jobs to resign in 1985. During this period of time Sculley brought a corporate culture from Pepsi into Apple which was a significant change from what the company had been used to with Jobs leading the company. During the time that Sculley was at the realm Apple saw significant failures in which I will outline when answering the next question and he changed business models which adversely affected Apple to the extent that some say he almost drove Apple into the ground for good. After Jobs return in 1997 he immediately started driving the businesses culture in a completely different direction in which he focused on the experience his products gave the user and went on to inspire others in the company to be creative and come up with...
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...Over the past thirty years Apple’s has had a multitude up of and downs and successes and failures. Throughout this time they have learned from their failures and created new, cutting edge, and innovative technology. Apple is a success story that uses creativity to produce new and innovative products. Failure is not bad as long as lessons are learned and the same mistakes don’t continue to occur producing failed products. Apple follows business rules and principles that have lead them to the point in the business world today as a leading business corporation within the innovative, always changing, technological business. Chris Morrison, with CBS Money watch points out the four most important principles that Apple follows. These principles are 1. Don’t Follow Your Customers; Lead Them 2. Temper Engineering With Art 3. Focus on the Few to Sell to the Many 4. Be Your Own Toughest Critic Other companies and businesses could follow similar principles to stay on top of the ever changing technological advances. These advances are being made based on the demands and needs of consumers. We have become very dependent upon technology to function day to day and are always looking for new technology that may make help life less hectic. Apple has been able to take technology to the next level providing new products for the customer that may be unthinkable to the consumer prior to seeing and reviewing the new item. The changes and advances in technology is driven by our culture...
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...Organizational changes are essential in today’s changing technological environment and economic uncertainties. It is imperative for management to understand resistance for change in workforce and implementing corrective measures for the same. Individuals have different egos and reasons for resistance of change. Individual positive attitude and negative attitude about change also play a vital role in resistance. We can categorize resistance to change in two categories like Individual Sources and Organizational Sources. Individual Sources includes like habit, Security, Economic Factors, Fears of unknown and selective information processing (Robbins & Judge, 2013). Organizational Sources includes Structural inertia (structural inertia works as a counterbalance during organization changes), Limited focus of change (limited change nullified due to large system in place), Group inertia (Group resistance to change), Threat to expertise (threatening of specialized groups) and Threat to established power relationships (redistributing decision-making power) (Robbins & Judge, 2013). There are number of ways management can help employees to overcome resistance of changes. Management can reduce the resistance by communicating and educating workforce for any changes in organization. Workforce participation is essential for any changes required within and outside organization. Positive relationship, support and commitment can reduce the resistance significantly. Management should implement...
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...Business Process: interrelated, sequential set of activities and tasks that turn inputs into outputs. Metric: quantifiable measures to track, monitor and access the success or failure of various processes. Process Modeling: analyze the processes that capture, manipulate, store and distribute data between a system and its environment and among system components. As-Is and To-Be: want the processes to stay the same or you want them to be completely different or in a different way. Business Strategy: customer, product, WP (how we do it and where we want it to go). Information System Strategy: integration of systems. 7 wastes: overproduction, unnecessary transportation, excess motion, waiting, inappropriate processing, unnecessary inventory, and defects. Analyzing WP: Coordination, Decision making, Communication, Information Processing, Physical Activities. Phases of decision making: Defining the decision problem, gathering information, analyzing the situation, defining alternatives, selecting the alternative, implementing the decision. TQM vs BPR: incremental change vs radical process overhaul. ERP: designed for supporting activities with multi-module application software in a top down approach. ERP driving change: Appropriate-enterprise just starting out, business processes are not source of competitive advantage, enterprise is in crisis (no other choice). Inappropriate- business processes source of competitive advantage, SW features do not fit enterprise need, lack of upper management...
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...PRODUCTION IN THEIR BUSINESSES Name: Course: Tutor: Institution: How managers can optimize production in their businesses Programming is the process of developing codes that are used in the development of software. Managers should embrace IT in running their businesses since it improves the efficiency and reliability of their businesses. Managers should be acquitted in attributes such as a web source coding, which is the primary coding for web pages and programming in general. This helps in the creation of websites which are SEO based. Considering Search Engine Optimization (SEO) in programming makes a business website more findable by search engines. This increases chances of potential clients visiting the website, hence sales are boosted (Carpenter, 2010). Technological crises are failures in machines or software used in managing a business. It is a threat to the development a thriving business. Managers should regularly examine IT equipment to avoid failure of machines. Some technological failures in a business are on a greater extend caused by human errors. Equipping oneself with information on technology crisis management helps in avoiding human errors within the business that lead to technological failure. Some technological failures, however, such as software failures are not caused by reckless on the employees part, but rather by acquisition of software that is faulty and not genuine. Managers should be knowledgeable about the type of...
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...The role of innovation in business Introduction Innovation is defined in Schumpeter's Theory of Economic Development (1912) in the field of economics. In Schumpeter’s view, innovation is the process that introduces new combinations of production factors into the production system to get potential profits (Shelton, 2009). Schumpeter argued that innovation is composed of five aspects: the introduction of new products, generation of new technologies, exploration of new markets, acquirement of new materials, implementation new organizational forms (Shelton, 2009). As the famous statement of Ralph Waldo Emerson goes, “If a man can write a better book, preach a better sermon, or make a better mousetrap than his neighbor, though he build his house in the woods, the world will make a beaten path to his door”. The innovation in business has become more and more important nowadays. Continuous innovation is a significant factor for the success of a company. However, is it true that as long as the company can achieve sustainable innovation, it can become successful? This might not be totally right. This essay analyses the role of innovation in business and critically analyzes how innovative strategies can provide businesses with a competitive advantage in their market sectors through the case of Apple Inc and Coca-cola. Discussion Firstly, it comes to prove the correctness of the statement supported by a situation of real case in business. Schumpeter believed that new...
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...before it left the factory. Their reasoning is by slowing production quality will increase and no one will lose their job. Inversely, if they increase quality and efficiency, jobs will be lost and this normally is blue collar jobs that get cut. Micro There is a deterioration of profits and lack of quality. Top management is focusing on profits and not TQM. There is wasted time and lack of team work between the different sections. Causes Some of the causes are that management was overly concerned with increasing profits and production quantities. They lost focus on quality and how it is a fundamental attribute that creates profit and demand for quality products. Another is failure of the top management levels to understand principles of TQM and how to implement the principles. The last is, failure to educate the middle and lower management and...
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