...Marriage Guidance – Summary MGG201W MGG201W – Marriage Guidance – facilitative couples counselling Theme ONE – Understanding couples Intimacy involves: love, affection and caring, deep attachment to another person. The TRIPOD of couple relationships An intimate relationship consists of three factors that form a tripod on which the relationship rests. 1. Passionate attraction (PA) 2. Mutual expectations (ME) 3. Personal intentions (PI) Passionate attractions (PA) → Individual experiences intensely pleasurable sensations when thinking about or being with a new partner. → Blushing, trembling, breathlessness, high sexual desire → Referred to as infatuation = passing love “a foolish and unreasoning love’ → Infatuation is not a realistic / accurate appraisal of the relationship / idealisation → Negative / flaws in the idealised beloved may be intellectually recognised, but disregarded as endearingly special. Person chooses to ignore the negatives → Normal phase in the process of relationships → Infatuation can lead to a lasting relationship – but it mostly fades away and relationship based on infatuation alone will fail. Love → Involves physical attraction - deeper → Love encompasses PA, ME and PI → People rely mostly on life experiences to guide them to their own unique way of demonstrating love. → Eric Fromm “love is active concern for the life and growth of the person we love” → Love is deep, unselfish, caring, deep respect Hauck’s basic principles about love • It is not just...
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...misunderstandings however this can also have a serious impact on our personal relationships and business relationships. Culture is a strong part of people's lives. It influences their views, their values, their humor, their hopes, their loyalties, and their worries and fears. However, working with people and building relationship helps to have some perspective and understanding of their cultures. The differences among people stems from being in another nationality, ethnicity, and culture, from family background and from individual experiences. In which these differences affect our beliefs, practices, and behavior and also influence our expectations for one another. Cultural differences are important to identity for it provides us with a sense of belonging. A person's culture is often very important to them, because it has been apart of them since birth. Cultures aren't simply the differences between nations, the differences within communities and within your own back yard. Edward Hall When you want to seek to align and gain greater influence with other people of different culture, first you must understand the personal, national or organizational culture. When working across cultures, you must take note to the key factors. Anthropologist, Edward T. Hall’s introduced a theory about high- and low-context culture, which helps us understand the powerful effect culture has on communication. This theory informs important cultural factors or dimensions. They are context, time, space...
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...|[pic] |Course Design Guide | | |College of Criminal Justice and Security | | |SEC/390 Version 3 | | |Organizational Behavior and Management | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2005 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course encompasses the study of individual and group behavior in organizational settings, with special emphasis on those that are security-oriented. Management methods for organizational processes and change are presented along with leadership applications. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class...
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...personality in light of culture? A cultural approach is like a device that will allow us to image the various social worlds-sets of culture specific meanings and practices-that continually afford and maintain individual behavior. A cultural approach can illuminate what has also been hidden, at least within an individualist culture; it makes visible the systems of meanings and practices- the language, the collective representations, the metaphors, the social scripts, the social structures, the policies; the institutions, the artifacts-within which people come to think and feel and act. For example, cross-cultural comparisons have show that Western theories of attribution processes do not apply well to non-Western populations, but distinctions between the sexes appear to be cultural universals. During the history of cross-cultural comparisons, the direction of “transport and test” process was one way: research based on Western theories was tested in non-Western cultures. Unfortunately, this approach yielded a distorted picture of human nature, particularly of the non-Western society. This research yielded inconsistent results and failed to shed much light on the psychological realities of the non-Western society. The articulation of a truly universally understanding of human nature and personality therefore also requires the development of theories of behavior originating in all non-Western societies. Cross-cultural research has shown that for many individuals, others are included...
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...Annotated Bibliography Harshit Pareek Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Abstract An annotated bibliography is a bibliography that gives a summary of each of the entries. The purpose of annotations is to provide the reader with a summary and an evaluation of the source. Each summary should be a concise exposition of the source's central idea’s and give the reader a general idea of the source's content. Eating Habits Simpson, K. J. Anorexia nervosa and culture. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 65-71. This article describes how unrealistic standards of attractiveness set by Western society are internalized by women from a variety of cultural backgrounds and translated into fat-phobia and body dissatisfaction and then discusses alternative cultural influences for food refusal such as issues of control, acculturation, and religious asceticism Polivy, J., & Herman, C. P. (2002). Causes of eating disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 187-213. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.libproxy.db.erau.edu/docview/205797518?accountid=27203 Abstract Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have emerged as the predominant eating disorders Tomiyama, A. J., & Mann, T. (2008). Cultural factors in collegiate eating disorder pathology: When family culture clashes with individual culture. Journal of American College Health. This article examines the effects of family enmeshment on the development of eating pathology between two groups of...
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...! “If I want you to like me, should I be like you or unlike you? The effect of prior positive interaction with the group on conformity and distinctiveness in consumer decision making.” ! Name: Lavinia Rusu Student ID: 4485335 ! ! Table of Contents ! 1. Abstract .....................................................................................2 2. Introduction ................................................................................3 3. Summary of Article ........................................................................3 a. Conformity. Distinctiveness. Interaction within a group .................3 b. Experiment .........................................................................4 c. Structure ............................................................................5 4. Analysis. Conformity vs. Distinctiveness.............................................5 5. Global Business Consumer Behaviour .................................................8 6. Conclusions .................................................................................9 7. References.................................................................................10 8. Bibliography ..............................................................................11 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !1 ! 1. Abstract The following report has the aim of critically analysing the “If I want you to like me, should I be like you or unlike you? The effect of prior positive interaction with the group on conformity...
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...responsibility generally will be to make as much money as possible while conforming to their basic rules of the society, both those embodied in law and those embodied in ethical custom.” The decision-making process and hence ethicality of the decisions in such organisations is greatly influenced by the culture of the workforce. Bartels (1967) was one of the first to note the importance of the role of culture in ethical decision-making. There are different studies which discuss the diversity of ethical decision-making based on different perspective for example, Vitell, Nwachukwu and Barnes, 1993 discuss the effect of culture on ethical decision-making with the help of Hofsted’s typology while Patel and Schaefer, 2009 discuss the same with the help of Douglasian Cultural Theory (CT) perspective in the Indian context. Summary Patel and Schaefer’s article discusses the impact of culture on ethical decision-making from a Douglasian Cultural Theory (CT) perspective. It explains the dynamic ethical behaviour of the individual with four solidarities of CT. The Article also discusses the business ethics in the Indian context. Authors argue that applying static conception of culture to the process of ethical...
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...Understanding Culture Introduction Culture is important because it is everything and everywhere. In a very real sense, your culture is part of who you are. What makes culture so unique is that you share culture with other people. Culture is a group worldview, the way of organizing the world that a particular society has created over time. Nolan This framework or web of meaning allows the members of that society to make sense of them-selves, their world, and their experiences in that world. You do not arrive in this world knowing how to dress, what to eat, what to strive for, or how to spend your money and your time. In modern society different people communicate in different ways, as do people in different societies around the world, and the way people communicate is the way they live. It is their culture. When the elements of communication differ or change, the elements of culture differ or change. Communication and culture are inseparable. According to Hanson, Behaviour is governed by many factors, socioeconomic status, sex, age, education etc, each of which will have an impact on cultural practices as well. Individuals may differ by the degree to which they choose to adhere to a set of cultural patterns. Some individuals identify strongly with a particular group; others combine practices from several groups. In this chapter, we (1) explain why cultures develop, (2) highlight the essential features of culture, ...
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...Ena Ladi3, Ellen Robey3, Sally Temple4, and Badrinath Roysam1 1 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA, 2 Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L606, Portland, OR 97239, USA 3 University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 4 Center for Neuropharmacology & Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA ABSTRACT An algorithmic information theoretic method is presented for object-level summarization of meaningful changes in image sequences. Object extraction and tracking data are represented as an attributed tracking graph (ATG), whose connected subgraphs are compared using an adaptive information distance measure, aided by a closed-form multi-dimensional quantization. The summary is the clustering result and feature subset that maximize the gap statistic. The notion of meaningful summarization is captured by using the gap statistic to estimate the randomness deficiency from algorithmic statistics. When applied to movies of cultured neural progenitor cells, it correctly distinguished neurons from progenitors without requiring the use of a fixative stain. When analyzing intra-cellular molecular transport in cultured neurons undergoing axon specification, it automatically confirmed the role of kinesins in axon specification. Finally, it was able to differentiate wild type from genetically modified thymocyte cells. Index Terms: Algorithmic information theory, Algorithmic statistics, Information distance, Gap statistic...
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...“East is East, and West is West; and never the twain shall meet.” Yet, he never expected that with the technological development in transportation and communication, the Westerners and Easterners that have quite different cultures respectively would meet so frequently nowadays in international settings. However, in a sense, Kipling is absolutely correct in that people with different cultural patterns (including beliefs, values, attitudes, norms, customs, and material aspects), especially those from East and West, do encounter communication difficulties, breakdowns, misunderstandings and even conflicts and confrontations just because they fail to understand each other in their intercultural communication. Therefore, understanding these cultural patterns or orientations which underlie most common behavior of the Easterners and Westerners helps us to see beneath the surface to find out why people from East and West act as they do. This discovery may lead us to appreciate the rich diversity and genius that exist in different parts of the globe, avoid potential intercultural problem and become successful communicators in the interaction between East and West. Cultural awareness becomes central when we have to interact with people from other cultures, so realizing the similarities and differences between the East and the West from cross-cultural perspective is essential in today world. Similarities: 1. Patriotic 2. Loving peace 3. Believe in the good things ...
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...A concept closely related to managerial incompetence is managerial derailment. When you do the Research on how managerial derailment is individuals who at one point were on the fast track but now had their careers derailed. “In summary, derailment occurs when a manager, who was expected to go higher in the organization and who is judged to have the ability to do so, is dismissed, demoted, or plateaued below his or her levels of achievement((Hughes, Ginnett, & Curphy 2009).” There are different attributes that contribute to derailment within an organization. In some cases, managers start on the rise to success, and once they reach their appropriate level they tend to stop rising. By their own choice or by some perceived limitation in their ability, their organization expectations of them and their level of achievement become aligned. Different patterns normally evolve over a period of time. The first derailment pattern has to do with an inability to build relationships with coworkers. The second pattern you will see when people don’t meet business objectives, and third will be when the person can’t build his team and lead them and last one will be a way to adapt to the new environment. Starbucks an organization known for its trendy, laid-back culture, great coffee style and exceptional customer service has been known to be successful because of how they utilize sources of power prevalent in the corporation. Legitimate power is shown by Starbucks through the founder...
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...high performance culture GM591 Leader ship and organizational behavior instructor : Bob Bustretsky ,Ph.D Email : carolinebabiker@yahoo.com August ,26,2008 Introduction Aetna Inc. is a diversified healthcare benefits company as well as one of the largest managed care companies in the U.S. It offers traditional and consumer-directed health insurance products and related services, including medical, pharmacy, dental, behavioral health, group life, and disability plans, and medical and healthcare management services. Among its historical highlights: It insured the Manhattan Project and also the lives of the first seven American astronauts in 1963.Aetna and its employees know that business success and community success are inseparable. Aetna carries with it a legacy of civic responsibility and an ingrained culture of caring deeply. Aetna’s approach to philanthropy is grounded in the philosophy that a prosperous economy has as its foundation a stable society. Aetna was the corporation reviewed in my OCI paper. Aetna has a great diversity culture . It have difficulties with innovation in their culture . They must use better technology to provide greater customer service and feed back . Training their workers on how to organize their customer data in more sufficient way . In summary Etna need ...
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...Sociology of Education Unit 04 What patterns of achievement are there for students of different ethnicities? Learning targets: • Different ethnic groups appear to have differing levels of achievement in school. Overall, the ethnicities of attainment are White, Chinese and Indian heritage students. • There has been concern about the achievement levels of certain Black minorities: in particular, African Caribbeans and Bangladeshi students under-attain in schools. • Sociologists have difficulty in measuring the impact of ethnicity on achievement because other factors may be involved. Poverty, class and cultural factors may all form part of reasons why some Black ethnic groups underperform. Key questions (AO1) What is ethnicity? (AO1) What patterns of attainment on the basis of ethnicity are there? (AO2) Is the education system institutionally racist? (AO2) What other social factors may influence ethnic attainment? Summary of key points Ethnicity is a word used in sociology to describe the culture that you belong to. Everyone has an ethnicity. For most people in Barry, this ethnicity or sense of belonging to a culture is Welsh. Some people have more than one ethnicity; they might be Welsh/Chinese or English/African. The majority ethnicity in Britain is white British. People who do not fit into that group are said to belong to an ethnic minority. There are many ethnicities...
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...Multinational Enterprise 19 The Changing World Order 22 The Global Economy of the Twenty-First Century 23 The Globalization Debate 24 Antiglobalization Protests 24 Globalization, Jobs, and Income 26 Globalization, Labor Policies, and the Environment 28 Globalization and,National Sovereignty 29 Globalization and the World's Poor 30 Managing in the Global Marketplace 31 Key Terms 33 Chapter Summary 33 Critical Thinking and Discussion Questions 34 Research Task 34 Closing Case: Legal Outsourcing 35 Introduction and Overview 2 Globalization 3 PART TWO Chapter Two Country Differences 36 National Differences in Political Economy 37 Opening Case: Ghana: An African Dynamo 37 Introduction 38 Political Systems 39 Collectivism and Individualism 39 Democracy and Totalitarianism 42 Economic Systems 44 Market Economy 44 Command Economy 45 Mixed Economy 45 Legal Systems 46 Different Legal Systems 46 Differences in Contract Law 47 Property Rights and Corruption 48 The Protection of Intellectual Property 51 Product Safety and Product Liability 53 Focus on Managerial Implications 54 Key Terms 55 Chapter Summary 55 Critical Thinking and Discussion Questions 55 Research Task 56 Closing Case:The Polish Surprise 56 Chapter Three Political Economy and Economic Development 59 b Opening Case: Who Makes the...
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...communication management. This phenomenon of globalization presents challenges of understanding and managing cross-cultural communications. According to Stephen Roberts: “Culture is the framework in which we communicate” This suggests that various factors give rise to the problem of cross-cultural communication. These factors include: language, environment, technology, social organization, the perception of authority and non-verbal communications. Having the ability to assess these variables is vital in ensuring for managers to convey messages and conduct business across a wide range of cultures. This paper addresses communication within multicultural project teams and the significance of leadership style in managing cross-cultural communications. The aim of this paper is to reveal different ways or skills that managers need to adopt to make the process of communication effective. Furthermore, this paper sheds lights on variegated barriers that may exist in effective communication process in a cross-culture environment. Literature review Zapf (1991, p.105) describes culture as “more than simply a set of customs”. Culture is a shared set of meanings among community of people who develop a common model from shared experiences. Zapf (1991, p.106) continues by stating that when individuals interact with others sharing the same viewpoint, they assume meanings unconsciously. However, it is only through interacting with someone who views...
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