...Everything in this section is going to be about Cold War Origins, which means how and why the Cold War started.) Wartime Diplomacy, Pg 842(Note: This is the Heading Title in American Journey, and it is in blue, but it will not be organized in the same way for every textbook. The Heading Titles introduce you to the next important idea in the Section. Think of the Heading Titles as “yellows” in your paragraph writing.)Soviet Expansion in Europe, Pp. 843 | Details on the important idea for the three intro paragraphs go here (5 W’s): 1. Feb, 1945, Big Three (Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin) met at Yalta. Yalta agreement: Soviet Union entered war against Japan and, in return. got land in Asia. 2. Roosevelt and Churchill feared spread of communism. Soviet Union controlling Eastern Europe. Allies agreed: Germany into 4 zones 3. Stalin agreed to free elections in E. Europe, but never allowed it.The United Nations (Note: sub-headings are in red in this book. Think of the red sub-headings as the “red” details in your paragraph writing.) 1. April, 1945: Roosevelt dies, Truman now U.S. President 2. Truman forms United Nations; June 26, San Francisco, 50 nations sign U.N. charter with...
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...Australia’s response to communism after WW2 (bibliography-skwirk.com) * The Korean War * The ANZUS Treaty and SEATO Alliance * Outlaw the Communist Party * The Petrov Affair Introduction: The conclusion of World War 2 quickly provoked the Australian government to react to the spreading threat of Communism. The end of the war dramatically changed every nation in the word, dividing the East and West into two different political parties, the Capitalists and Communists. This brought about a dreadful atmosphere of fear and tension to sweep around the post World War 2 World. Australia faced many difficulties and hardship prior to WW2. Just as many other countries in the west, Australia also feared the wide spread of communism. Communism, both democratically and physically went against the basis of Australian human rights and the social equality which every men and women worked so hard to accomplish. Communism is a form system of government composed by Karl Marx, which abolishes free market, private property and ownership, freedom of speech, unequal pay and human beliefs. The Australian government responded to the threat of communism in varies ways, by using a number of techniques such as participating in the ANZUS and SEATO alliance, rewriting the constitution to outlaw certain political groups and assisting American troops overseas to discontinue uprooting dictatorships. Firstly, Australia’s involvement in the Korean War was an successful decision made by Prime...
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...In the past, there were countries, such as Germany, that tried to use force to make other people think the same way as they do, by killing people that were different, or thought differently. The United States and other countries didn't feel that they could just stand around and let things like this happen. The United States worked with others in the United Nations to put policies in place to protect and keep peace between nations. The Cold War is a good example of the United States working with others in order to protect against the spread of communism. It was called The Cold War because there wasn't ever an actual face to face conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union (New World Encyclopedia). Do you think the policies of the United States were justified during the Cold War? The foreign policy of the United States during the Cold War had support due to the direct conflict of goals of the U.S. and how the spread of communism could prove dangerous for Americans. The primary goal of communist nations was to ensure peace by forcing their views and beliefs on everyone else (Doc 12). For example, Stalin already had a dominating influence over several countries because of setting up Soviet-controlled governments in Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Once they were in power within the country, Communist Party leaders used the secret police to silence all opposition to the. What Winston Churchill, the prime minister of Great Britain, had been...
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...Class Business: Concerning changes in the syllabus, Dr. Casale announced that instead of having a second close-read focused on Sinclair Lewis’ It Can’t Happen Here, we will be required to complete two sequential blogs. The first blog, due on April 24th, will focus on specific aspects of the novel itself, while the second blog will be more speculative, where we will relate the ideas and issues found in the novel to our modern world. In preparation for class on April 24th, we were asked to read up to chapter twelve of It Can’t Happen Here and complete the first of the two blog posts. Specific changes to the grading percentages for the course were not discussed. Summary of the First Half of Class: The first half of class started with Aaron...
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...by economic motives, but unfortunately money and trade are often the leading forces in determining whether or not to enter a war with a rival nation. In the case of the Cold War economic incentives were clearing present. The Soviets and the United States differ in their even in their economic ideology, the Soviets were looking to expand their totalitarian regime and needed an economic policy to fit that and closed trade open trade for fear that idea of democracy would spread through commerce from the west; while the United States was known for supporting free and open trade among all nations. The most important question being, what were the economics issues that lead to Cold War and to completely answer this question one must look at primary and secondary sources of evidence that show economic differences of each country which may have lead to the Cold War. The policies taken and economic ideologies of each of the Soviets and the United States depict the economic quarrels that sparked the Cold War. B: Summary of Evidence: Although the most obvious contrasts between the United States and Union of Soviet Socialist Republics maybe their political ideals, the United States being in support of a democratic government while the Soviets are in support of totalitarian dictatorship headed initially by Stalin, there exists another playing...
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...Cold War Summary Notes Topic 1 – The Beginnings of the Cold War 1945-1949 • Background – the ideologies of capitalism and communism and the governments of the USA and USSR. o The USA was a democracy and held free elections whereas the USSR was a Communist state. Elections were uncontested and all candidates were Communist. o In the USA business was privately owned, but in the USSR all business and industry were owned by the state. o In the USA there were great differences between the rich and poor. In the USSR there were tight controls on the amount of money that individuals could own. o Both the USA and USSR believed that other countries should be run in the same way that theirs was. o Many people in each country were strongly against the beliefs of the other. • It is important to realise that the differences in beliefs between the two countries alone did not cause the Cold War. The two countries had even been allies during World War Two. However, the USA had learned from the experience of the Second World War that they should not give in to the demands of dictators. Any action that was perceived as a threat of the spread of Communism would bring a reaction from the USA. The Yalta Conference • This was held in February 1945, before the end of the Second World War, when it was clear that Germany was losing the war in Europe. It was held at Yalta in the Ukraine. • The three main figures at the Conference...
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...The Connection by Kathleen Orozco P. Sepesi English 3.1 December 5, 2011 Outline I. Introduction II. America in the 1600’s A. Puritanism B. Salem Witch Trials III. America in the 1950’s A. Communism B. Joseph McCarthy IV. McCarthyism A. McCarthy Trials (HUAC) B. Blacklisting C. Elia Kazan D. Arthur Miller V. The Crucible A. The Summary B. The theme VI. The Allegory A. Danforth and the HUAC B. Danforth and Joseph McCarthy C. Elia Kazan and Abigail Williams VII. The conclusion The Connection The Crucible written by Arthur Miller has a symbolic meaning. It is an allegory, “a story in which people, things, and events have a symbolic meaning, often instructive.” (Agnes 17). The setting, the Salem witch trials of the 1600’s is similar to the McCarthy trials of the 1950’s. The people, the events, the details relate to one another. Miller purposely wrote his story to instruct the fact that the mentality of the people in the 1950’s was no different than the mentality of people in the 1600’s. In the 1600’s people followed a strict religion known as puritanism. The Puritans believed they were sent by God to purify the world of sin and evil. Because of this they believed they were superior to others. Consequently, when they did sin, they tended to feel guilty and blame others for their faults. This blame and guilt led to one of the most fearful times in America. The Salem witch trials happened during the 1600’s and at a time where everyone...
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...CIVIL WAR EVENTS - the Brest Litovsk Treaty (March 1918) was negotiated by Trotsky….he and he Bolsheivks wanted the int’l rev to spread and so from their vantage point the treaty were “stalling tactics”…the treaty gave up Poland, Baltics, and all territory in the North that Russia had gained since 1618…all told 1.3 mill km2, 26% of her people and 75% of her iron and capacity…needless to say Lenin had hard time “selling” the Treaty - the October coup d’état = “beginning of the Revolution” not end….Bolsheviks in the provinces + the centre had to be decide how to handle local Soviets which asserted authority but happened to be dominated by Mensheviks. - long difficult struggles against anarchy, decentralization + separatist tendencies lay ahead – the future form of gov’t = an “open question” - for Lenin, “Dictatorship of proletariat” was what the revolution needed…now this was a slogan and principle that fit into the circumstances of the winter 1917–1918…but, what did it mean?...it meant: a) crushing counter revolution of the old ruling class – the dictatorship would have to have coercive organs like Tsarist police (i.e. the Bolsheviks would assemble the Cheka) b) that the dictatorship of Bolshevik Party and other political parties was incompatible…and would pose problems c) that giving broad powers to unions + factory committees could in itself be problematic… what if worker ideas differed from Bolsheviks? Problems for the Bolsheviks 1) one underlying problem came...
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...Chapter I Summary As the novella opens, Mr. Jones, the proprietor and overseer of the Manor Farm, has just stumbled drunkenly to bed after forgetting to secure his farm buildings properly. As soon as his bedroom light goes out, all of the farm animals except Moses, Mr. Jones’s tame raven, convene in the big barn to hear a speech by Old Major, a prize boar and pillar of the animal community. Sensing that his long life is about to come to an end, Major wishes to impart to the rest of the farm animals a distillation of the wisdom that he has acquired during his lifetime. As the animals listen raptly, Old Major delivers up the fruits of his years of quiet contemplation in his stall. The plain truth, he says, is that the lives of his fellow animals are “miserable, laborious, and short.” Animals are born into the world as slaves, worked incessantly from the time they can walk, fed only enough to keep breath in their bodies, and then slaughtered mercilessly when they are no longer useful. He notes that the land upon which the animals live possesses enough resources to support many times the present population in luxury; there is no natural reason for the animals’ poverty and misery. Major blames the animals’ suffering solely on their human oppressors. Mr. Jones and his ilk have been exploiting animals for ages, Major says, taking all of the products of their labor—eggs, milk, dung, foals—for themselves and producing nothing of value to offer the animals in return. Old Major relates...
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...Chapter 1 Globalization and the Multinational Firm What’s Special about International Finance? Foreign Exchange and Political Risks Market Imperfections Expanded Opportunity Set Goals for International Financial Management Globalization of the World Economy: Major Trends and Developments Emergence of Globalized Financial Markets Emergence of the Euro as a Global Currency Europe’s Sovereign Debt Crisis of 2010 Trade Liberalization and Economic Integration Privatization Global Financial Crisis of 2008–2009 Multinational Corporations APPENDIX 1A: Gain from Trade: The Theory of Comparative Advantage Summary This chapter provided an introduction to International Financial Management. 1. It is essential to study “international” financial management because we are now living in a highly globalized and integrated world economy. Owing to the (a) continuous liberalization of international trade and investment, and (b) rapid advances in telecommunications and transportation technologies, the world economy will become even more integrated. 2. Three major dimensions distinguish international finance from domestic finance. They are (a) foreign exchange and political risks, (b) market imperfections, and (c) an expanded opportunity set. 3. Financial managers of MNCs should learn how to manage foreign exchange and political risks using proper tools and instruments, deal with (and take advantage of) market imperfections, and benefit from the expanded...
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...Energy Summary Ch 11: Environmental Laws, Economics, and Ethics The nineties were characterized by the search for greater understanding of the concept and the importance of sustainable development, which was complemented by the fastest growing trends towards globalization, especially in relation to trade and technology. The conviction grew that there was an increasing number of global issues related to the environment that required international solutions. The Black Triangle, located at the borders of the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland received its name from its extreme air pollution caused by rapid industrialization after the Second World War. Many air pollutants (sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide) are more strictly controlled in the past two decades and its impact has been reduced. In addition to causing or aggravating respiratory diseases, air pollution in the Black Triangle, especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, produced acid rain, wet deposition that have been made more acidic than normal rain. Acid rain is harmful to forests to aquatic ecosystems. Acid rain that penetrates the ground can dissolve nutrients such as calcium and magnesium can cause aluminum in the soil is loose. The forests on higher ground at greater risk because they are exposed to acidic clouds and fog, which contain more acidic than rain or snow and shed their nutrients to the leaves and buds. Hungary established the Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern...
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...The Great Depression and World War II Twentieth Century Europe One of the major effects of the great depression was the breakdown of the economy. A few years prior to the developments that led to the great depression, the economy was doing a good job providing jobs to the people and giving them the right amount of purchasing power to buy the things that they need and want. The breakdown of the economy led to a lot of secondary effects. For one, the economic breakdown led to the closing of a lot of businesses and the consequent loss of a lot of people’s jobs. The loss of the people’s jobs or what they call unemployment in economics led to another wave or series of negative effects such as their inability to pay rent and buy goods that they need. To emphasize the overall effects of the ripple that the economic breakdown created, what it did was it led to the loss of the ordinary citizens’ purchasing power. This proved to be one of the major causes of the worsening of the effects of the Great Depression. Jobs were basically generated because of the presence of the businesses and if businesses were strong, the more likely they are to provide jobs. Unfortunately, during that time, the businesses were not so strong. In fact, they were so fragile and brittle that a lot of ordinary citizens lost their jobs, and because of the considerably lowered purchasing power, a lot of businesses suffered—because the ordinary people did not have the means to make purchases from businesses...
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...Francis Fukuyama. The end of the Cold War as the end of history. Introduction. The specifics of the international situation after the Cold War. Since 1985, the world is going through an amazing evolution. The interdependence emerged and has become a reality of understanding of all processes in the world. Peace, freedom, human rights, social security, democracy have taken place of those values, because of which the major battles were unfold in the international arena and within countries. Overnight concepts collapsed that before seemed unshakable. In this case, not only the political picture of the world changed . At large numbers of people in different countries sense of global community, solidarity, public interest, human intimacy has been strengthened . Not surprisingly, that the rapid evolution of the global situation, the collapse of the bipolar system and fade into the background of ideological aspects confused scientists specializing in political predictions. Now, it is necessary not only to explain the reasons which led to the formation of new political realities after the "cold war", but also suggest new approaches and concepts on the basis of which it was possible to trace the dynamics of international relations in a changing world. Francis Fukuyama, his works and intepretations. Francis Fukuyama - known American political scientist and geopolitician. He received a bachelor's degree from Cornell University (New York), then - PhD in political science from...
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...Empire in Africa from c.1870-1990? Resource Record • Your resource record must be completed before you start writing your coursework. • It will be sent to the examiner along with your coursework. • This is a record of all the reading you have undertaken. You will also be required to briefly assess how useful the reading was. • I will have to confirm to the examiner that you have read the source, and so will ask to see your notebook, which should contain all of your notes. • The resource record has no word limit. • This template below is what it will look like – it will be emailed you. |Source |Summary of what you learnt from the source |Reflections: usefulness / limitations of the source | |Burk, Kathleen (2006) “It took quite a long time for the |Britain was not one the first nations to try colonise |The source is useful as it is showing that Britain was forced into | |British Government to become interested in Africa ” | |colonising their empire in Africa as Africa was the wanted | | | |continent in the 20th century | |Salisbury, Lord (1898)"France is, and must always remain, ...
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...Russia’s growing middle class. They supported the idea of a constitutional democracy, keeping the tsar but also having in place an elected government. The economic boom had created a small but ambitious class of lawyers, industrialists and financiers, who wanted to continue to modernise Russia. This support was very limited but was from a relatively powerful area of the population. Another branch of support came from national minorities such as Poles, who wanted independence. They believed by supporting the strong Liberal idea of Russian nationalism, they would be granted to leave Russia and return to their original settlements. The liberals had little development as a party before 1905, although did publish a newspaper named ‘Liberation’ to spread their political views. The fact they were able to do this showed they had financial backing, and enough readers to make it worth printing. Overall, the Liberals had limited, but substantial support in the new middle and upper classes and national minorities, and limited development. The Social...
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