...innovator in the sports apparel industry by creating sports apparel using synthetic materials as an alternative to natural fibers, such as cotton. This important change in material resulted in a “shirt that provided compress ion and wicked perspiration off your skin rather than absorb it…that worked with your body to regulate temperature and enhance performance” . This promise to increase athletic performance differentiated it from competing sports apparel companies, but rivals have since implemented synthetic materials into their product lines. This case study seeks to analyze Under Armour ’s history, resources, capabilities, and core competencies, business and corporate-level strategies, as well as the general environment and competitive landscape. After careful inspection of these varying areas, the factors contributing to Under Armour’s current success and future challenges will become clearer. The conception for Under Armour began over a year ago when CEO Kevin Plank played on the University of Maryland football team. Frustrated with having to repeatedly change his cotton shirt during practice, he envisioned a shirt whose materials allowed the perspiration to dry quickly, causing the athlete to be quicker, faster, and stronger as a result of less burdensome water weight. he strived to develop a shirt using synthetic materials that handled perspiration better. He developed a shirt that used synthetic materials to handle...
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...Introduction: One of the many problems of any home or infrastructure is keeping the shininess and the cleanliness of the floor and only thing that make this possible is the product called Floor wax it is applied on floor surfaces to make it scuff-resistant, water-resistant, slip resistant and glossy. It provides a thin, protective and hard surface layer when applied to flooring. In this modern age, floor polishes is made from synthetic materials and with the advancement of synthetics so does floor wax, each passing day over half a million people are using floor wax even as we speak someone is using it! But of all the useful traits that floor wax gives us at our floors there are always disadvantages to it and the first disadvantage is our environment, since floor wax is made out of highly synthetic materials its is non-biodegradable. The second is that floor wax contains toxic substances that can either cause severe damage to humans and animal life if came in contact. Third is prolong exposure of its unpleasant smell can cause different problems throughout the body. Fourth is that it can cause damage to the plants since floor wax contains volatile substances that can block plants from doing photosynthesis Despite the recent efforts by various organizations efforts to educate the public about the toxic dangers of floor wax no one seems to believe them due to the effectiveness of the modern floor wax but still its harming our environment. Our research aims to put these problems...
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...Morphological typology refers to the nomenclature of the method used to classify languages depending on the way in which their morphemes are joined together. In one side of the spectrum we can find analytic languages, which only use isolated morphemes. Then we would have agglutinative languages and fusional languages which use bound morphemes, melting them together in order to convey several meanings. Located on the other side of the spectrum are the so called polysynthetic languages, which compress lots of separate morphemes into single words. Nevertheless, before getting into depth in the morphological typology of languages, and also the patterns of word formation, it must be explained the core concept covered within this paper: the concept of word. Although it may seem simplistic, the study and analysis of this concept entails certain difficulty and may vary from one culture/language to another. Most scholars make a distinction between phonological and grammatical word as principal distinctions. A phonological word can be defined as a prosodic unit not smaller than a syllable (Aikhenvald). It is a string of sounds that behaves as a unit for certain kinds of phonological processes, especially stress and accent. Normally, it is not needed to make a distinction between these two types of words in utterances like linguistics or science. However, there are cases in which this differentiation arises as necessary. For example, in English every phonological word has a main...
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...of their new top management. In this McKinsey Awardwinning article, he chronicles the events that led him to realize that, without open communication to foster employee trust and display management commitment, even the most sophisticated strategy can come unstuck. In August 1980,1 was named general manager of the newly created Westinghouse Synthetic Fuels Division (SFD). The division's nucleus was a department engaged in coal gasification research and development and supported, in part, by the US Department of Energy. The technology was highly regarded, and the outlook for syntbetic fueis was promising. Oil prices v/ere continuing to rise; worldwide oil shortages were forecast, as were crude oil prices of $100 per barrel; and the Carter administration had just created the Synthetic Fuels Corporation to stimulate the production of synfuels from domestic resources and reduce US dependence on imported oil. Before my assignment at SFD, I had been general manager of a division that marketed turbine generators and related services H. Peaci is v'icc president and general manager of KKW Kncrgy Systems Inc., fbrmi^rjy the Westin^^houst.' Synthetic Kuels Division.. This article, which vv'on a McKinsey Foiind.;ition Award as one ofla.st year's outstanding contributions to thv Harvard Biisin,css Rvriea\ is reprinted by special permission from the M.arch-April I'^tSH issue. Copyright i'(") 19H6 by the President and Fellows of f!.;M-vard College. All "ights res(;rved. SPRING 1987 25...
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...Procurement Assignment 1- Part A Industry: Automobile Ancillaries (Tyres & Tubes) Financial Year 2011-2012 | Turnover of Indian Tyre Industry | Rs. 43,000 Crores | Tyre Production (Tonnage) | 15 lakh M.T. | Tyre Production – All Categories (Nos.) | 2254 Lakh | Tyre Export from India (Value) : | Rs. 4209 crores | Number of tyre companies: | 39 | Industry Concentration | 10 Large tyre companies account for over 95% of total tyre production. | Radialisation Level - Current (as a % of total tyre production) | Passenger Car tyres: 98% Light Commercial Vehicles: 20% Heavy Vehicles ( Truck & Bus ): 18% | Major Players of Tyres & Tubes in India * MRF Tyres Ltd. * Apollo Tyres Ltd. * CEAT Ltd. * Balkrishna Industries Ltd. * Govind Rubber Ltd. * Falcon tyres Ltd. * JK Tyres & Industries Ltd. Company of Interest: MRF Tyres Ltd. Company Background: Mr K. M. Mammen is the CMD of the company. The promoters hold about 26% of the total equity in the company, while institutional investors hold about 14% and individuals hold about 34%. Industry group: Tyres & tubes Main product / service: Tyres Ownership group: MRF Group Entity type: Public Ltd. Incorporation year: 1960 Size group: Top decile Ranking: Global Ranking 2012 Ranking | 2011Ranking | Company | 2011 tyre sales (100 million U.S.dollars | 2010 tyre sales (100 million U.S.dollars) | 2009 tyre sales (100 million U.S.dollars) | 17 | 17...
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...1. Differentiate between staple fibres and continuous fibres. Staple fibres are fibres that are produced in short lengths, spun and twisted together (raw cotton, wool, flax, hemp e.t.c) to form long yarns while Continuous filament are long continuous strand of a manufactured fibre as distinguished from all natural fibres (except silk) which are piled together to form continuous bundles of fibre. They are mostly synthetic fibres except silk which is natural. Staple fibres | Continuous filament | They will shed loose filaments for a short time following carpet installation | They will not shed loose filaments following carpet installation | They are usually short strand of fibre | They are usually continuous strand of fibre i.e long | They appear dull or matte finishes | They appear lustrous | They offer more design opportunities | They offer limited design opportunities | They tend to be rough | They tend to be less fuzzy and smooth | 1. Name other types of cellulosic fibres asides cotton, giving their sources and uses. Cellulosic fibres are fibres made with ether or esters of cellulose, which can be obtained from the barks, wood or leaves of plants or from plant-base materials. Besides cellulose, these fibres are compound of hemi-cellulose and lignin. Fibre | Source | Attribute | Uses | Coir | Coconut | Strong, durable | Making floor mats, door mats, brushes, mattress | Jute | Vegetable plant in linden family | Strong, durable | Curtain...
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...Americans built subsidiaries in Canada to avoid tariff (11) * Rubber industry increasingly centralized, foreign-owned + controlled (11) * Canadian rubber industry expanded significantly prior to second world war (12) * Prewar period (WWII) + consumption of cars made rubber industry a necessity (12) * Dunlop invented air + rubber tire (1849) – very successful (13) * Rubber still imported from overseas – created very high expenses (13) * Massive scientific advancements worldwide during WWII (14-20) * Huge attempts at creating a domestic supply of rubber (15) * Had many minor successes – nothing that levelled up to natural rubber (20) * Canada still 100% dependent on foreign forms of rubber, natural and synthetic (22) Chapter 2 – Birth of the Industry * Dec 1941 – Japan invaded + gained control of a lot of Allied rubber...
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...milk by not drinking it but wearing it. Yes, in the form of milk fabrics made from milk yarns. It’s quite amazing and sounds nice, isn't it? The Eco- Friendly Milk Yarn Milk Yarn is made from milk protein fibers. To make it, milk is first dewatered, i.e. all the water content is taken out from it and then it is skimmed. New bio-engineering technique is then applied to make a protein spinning fluid. This fluid is suitable for wet spinning process through which the final high-grade textile fiber is made. While spinning, a solvent is used by most of the manufacturers and micro-zinc ion is embedded in the fiber which gives it the characteristics of being bacteriostatic and durable. It combines the advantages of both, natural as well as synthetic fibers. Milk protein fiber is a kind of fresh fiber that has very healthy functions. It contains eighteen amino-acids, which are beneficial to human health. It can be spun alone or with cashmere, silk, spun silk, cotton, wool, ramie and other fibers to make fabrics. The fabrics made of these fibers nourish and take care of skin in a very efficient manner by keeping away allergies and even wrinkles. The fabrics made from milk yarn are primarily used in manufacturing kidswear, top-grade underwear, shirts, T shirts, loungewear, etc. Characteristics of Milk Yarn The milk yarn has got many properties that are enough to make it one of the most sought after fabrics of the future. - The natural protein humectant factor is present in the milk...
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... service, and technology. Bridgestone Corporation is a flat divisional organization with geographic regions that only one CEO. Bridgestone has 143,124 employees and 16,019 non-consolidated employees; they have a board of directors which the CEO is a representative board member. They have plants in 25 countries worldwide. Bridgestone is dedicated to planning, manufacturing, sale, installation, lease, repair, and maintenance of the equipment and facilities related to tires, tubes for automobiles as well industrial general rubber products. Materials of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber, synthetic resins, chemicals, ceramics, metals, liquefied gases, and those processed goods, materials for public works, and construction, marine structures, and machines for prevention of environmental pollution. Industrial machines, and equipment, such as machines and facilities for manufacturing rubber, synthetic fiber products and machines and facilities for metal processing,...
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...Bio Technology จากโครโมโซมสังเคราะห์ สุชาต อุดมโสภกิจ ถึงสิ่งมีชีวิตสังเคราะห์ ห ากเซลล์ดังกล่าวนี้ทำหน้าที่ของเซลล์ได้อย่างแท้จริง เซลล์ดังกล่าวจะเป็นสิ่งมี ชีวิตสังเคราะห์ชีวิตแรกของโลก เมื่ อ กลางเดื อ นมกราคมที่ ผ่ า นมา มี ข่ า ว ใหญ่ ใ นวงการวิ ท ยาศาสตร์ เ กิ ด ขึ้ น โดยเฉพาะ สำหรับวงการวิทยาศาสตร์ชีวภาพแล้ว ข่าวนี้นับ เป็นการก้าวกระโดดที่สำคัญอีกก้าวหนึ่ง นั่น คือ นักวิทยาศาสตร์กลุ่มหนึ่งได้รายงาน ผลการวิจัยว่าประสบความสำเร็จในการ สร้าง โครโมโซมสังเคราะห์ (synthetic chromosome) แล้ว วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์ Science ฉบับเดือนกุมภาพันธ์ของปีนี้ ได้ตีพิมพ์ ผลงานวิจัยของนักวิทยาศาสตร์กลุ่ม หนึ่ง นำโดย Dr. Hamilton Smith ซึ่ง เป็นหัวหน้ากลุ่มชีวสังเคราะห์ (Synthetic Biology Group) ของสถาบั น วิ จั ย J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI) สหรัฐอเมริกา ซึ่งได้ทำการสังเคราะห์ดีเอ็นเอที่ บรรจุยีนทั้งหมดที่จำเป็นต่อการดำรงชีวิตของ แบคทีเรียที่มีชื่อว่า Mycoplasma genitalium สายพันธุ์ G37 (เป็นแบคที เรียที่มีขนาดเล็ก ที่สุดเท่าที่พบในขณะนี้ รูปที่ 1) โดยดีเอ็นเอที่ สังเคราะห์ได้นี้มีชื่อเรียกว่า M. genitalium JCVI-1.0 ซึ่งดีเอ็นเอที่สังเคราะห์ขึ้นนี้มีลักษณะ เป็นวงกลม ซึ่งเลียนแบบโครโมโซมของแบคทีเรียที่มีอยู่จริงในธรรมชาติ คือ มีลักษณะเป็น วงกลม (circular DNA) เช่นเดียวกัน June-July 2008, No.199 077 Technology Bio เพื่อทำหน้าที่ดังกล่าว หรือเมื่อใดก็ตามที่ต้องมีการจำลองดีเอ็น เอชุดใหม่ ดีเอ็นเอชุดเดิมที่มีอยู่ก็ต้องคลายตัวเช่นกัน เพราะ ฉะนั้นขอให้เข้าใจในเบื้องต้นว่าดีเอ็นเอและโครโมโซมคืออัน เดียวกันสำหรับกรณีนี้ ส่วน จีโนม (genome) คือ ข้อมูลพันธุ กรรมทั้งหมดของสิ่งมีชีวิตชนิดหนึ่ง...
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... After Singeing Reason of singeing l Singeing improves the end use and wearing properties of textiles l The burning off protruding fibres results in a clean surface which allows the structure of fabric to be more clear l Singeing reduces the cloudiness caused by differing reflection of light by the projecting fibre and the dyed fabrics appear brighter l Singeing is an effective means of reducing pilling in blended fabrics containing synthetic fibres Reason of Singeing l Singeing reduces soiling of textile materials in subsequent processing l Close singeing is essential for printing fine complex patterns l Singeing process also facilitate and speeds up desizing, if the fabric is impregnate with desizing liquor immediately after singeing. Disadvantages of Singeing l Weight Loss l Degradation of the fabric l Decrease in strength l Hardening of applied size l Reduce the thickness of textile materials Singeing faults l Uneven singeing effect can cause streaks when the fabric is dyed l...
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...higher number of pores per unit area, better cake release property, no slippage of yarn as in case of woven fabrics, higher filtration efficiency. Lower manufacturing cost and variability makes them suitable for all types of filtration jobs. Nonwoven filter is porous fabric which is made up of randomly arranged fibres or filaments. Its main function is to separate suspended particles or components of gas or fluid passing through it. There are many applications of filter media requiring different profile, conditions and of course different fibre materials. Filter equipments used in application also affects the type of filter medium to be used. Conventionally natural fibres like cotton, cellulose, asbestos were used, which are now replaced by synthetic fibres and glass fibres. In the presentation we will be discussing about more about high performance filters i.e they will be used at high temperature and high chemical reactive conditions. We have studied the paper like “Chemical and thermal stability of nonwoven filtration media in Fluid power applications” and “Characterizing the Liquid Filtration Performance of Non-woven Media” for generating idea regarding the presentation and will use some more to make our view clearer. Name of Participants: Ghanshyam Neje Aiyub...
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...A Report on: ** Industrial Visit** Silvassa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli (30th November 2012 & 1st December 2012) By, Omkar Vartak Roll No: PG12089 Division - B PGDM (e-Business) : 2012-14 MET – ICS Presented to: Prof. V. Naik Report - Industrial Visit- Industry number 1 (Bombay Rayon Fashion Ltd)- The first industry we visited on our industrial visit was Bombay Rayon. This industry produced products such as fabrics and apparels. Rayon is one of the most peculiar fabrics in commercial use today. Rayon is a manufactured regenerated cellulose fiber. Because it is produced from naturally occurring polymers, it is neither a truly synthetic fiber nor a natural fiber; it is a semi-synthetic or artificial fiber. Rayon is known by the names viscose rayon and art silk in the textile industry. It usually has a high luster quality giving it a bright sheen. Coloured rayon is bought by the industry from its suppliers. Then workers at Bombay Rayon use a loom to weave the cloth. Firstly the thread is a fixed in a position. Two workers usually work on the thread placing process. This is a time consuming process which takes 7-8 hours. After the thread is set in place weaving takes place. It is done by intersecting the horizontally placed threads with the vertically placed threads. The pattern to be printed is decided by the designers who are placed in Mumbai and forwarded to the workers at the factory. A card shows the design and the length and breadth...
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...CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 THE INDUSTRY Tyre industry consumes over 60% of the total rubber production with respect to Indian economy. But in actuality only just around 52% of the tyre is natural rubber. Remaining 48% consist of synthetic rubber, carbon, chemicals, etc. The origin of tyre industry in India dated back to 1926 when Dunlop Rubber Limited set up the first tyre factory in West Bengal. MRF followed the suit in 1946. Since then the Indian tyre industry has grown rapidly. Transportation industry and tyre industry go hand in hand as the two are interdependent. Transportation industry has experienced 10% growth rate year after year with an absolute level of 870 billion ton freight with an extensive road accounts for over 85% of all freight movement in India. The tyre industry in India is classified under 4 categories based on the year of commencement of production namely 1. 1st Generation Companies - which included Dunlop and Firestone. 2. 2nd Generation Companies - which included MRF, CEAT, Goodyear, and Premier. 3. 3rd Generation Companies - which included Apollo, Vibrant, Modi Rubber, and J.K.Tyres. 4. 4th Generation Companies - includes the companies started after 1970 and also which are yet to start production. Pneumatic Tyres are manufactured according to relatively standardized processes and machinery, in around 450 tire factories in the world. Over 1 billion tyres are manufactured annually, making the tyre industry the majority consumer...
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...off highway and bicycle tyres, retreading material and retreaded tyres. At the end of its financial year on March 31, 2013, Apollo Tyres had clocked a turnover of US$ 2.34 billion, backed by a global workforce of approximately 16000 employees. Apollo Tyres Ltd is traded in India on the Bombay, National and Kochi Stock Exchanges, with 56.5% of shares held by the public, government entities, banks and financial institutions as on September 30, 2013. ATL has tremendous leverage in the international tyre market and with technology skills of the Indian company would be integrated to the newly acquired plants to generate better operational efficiency and also improve production and productivity. Sourcing of raw materials like natural and synthetic rubber and chemicals could be made more efficient because of the acquisitions in the European arena and could result in better economies of scale for Apollo tyre. To diversify its presence in global markets and to generate nearly 60% revenue from overseas market, ATL has undertaken overseas acquisitions. In May 2009 ATL has acquired Dutch tyre-maker Vredestein Banden BV for Rs 1,200-1, 500 Cr, this acquisition taken place with the mix of internal accruals and debt financing. Vredestein Banden BV a strong sales and marketing network besides a production unit in Enschede, Netherlands with...
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