Free Essay

Team Versus Group and Ethics

In:

Submitted By Rajinesh
Words 835
Pages 4
EE212 | ANALOG ELECTRONICS I LAB 5– DC BIASING AND OPERATION OF A BJT AMPLIFIER
2016

Particle members
Rajinesh Lal S11096112
Nawazish Ali S11120551
Semester 8-11am
Date: 12/04/2016

AIM * measure and calculate the DC voltage and current at the base, collector, and emitter of a common-emitter amplifier with voltage divider bias, * measure the input and output voltage and current of a common-emitter amplifier, * measure the phase-shift between the input and output voltages, * calculate the voltage, current, and power gains of a common-emitter amplifier, and * investigate the use of a BJT as a switch.

THEORY
The biasing of a transistor is purely a dc operation. The purpose of biasing is to establish a Q-point about which variations in current and voltage can occur in response to an ac input signal. In applications where small signal voltages must be amplified— such as from an antenna or a microphone—variations about the Q-point are relatively small. Amplifiers designed to handle these small ac signals are often referred to as small-signal amplifiers.
Three amplifier configurations are the common-emitter, the common-base, and the common-collector.
The common-emitter (CE) configuration has the emitter as the common terminal, or ground, to an ac signal. CE amplifiers exhibit high voltage gain and high current gain. * common-emitter amplifier with voltage-divider bias and coupling capacitors C1 and C3 on the input and output and a bypass capacitor, C2, from emitter to ground. The input signal, Vin, is capacitively coupled to the base terminal, the output signal, Vout, is capacitively coupled from the collector to the load. The amplified output is 180° out of phase with the input. Because the ac signal is applied to the base terminal as the input and taken from the collector terminal as the output, the emitter is common to both the input and output signals. There is no signal at the emitter because the bypass capacitor effectively shorts the emitter to ground at the signal frequency. All amplifiers have a combination of both ac and dc operation, which must be considered,

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

INSTRUMENTS

* All equipment mounted on a typical electronics workbench such as power supply, oscilloscope, signal generator, and multimeter * Resistors: 1×68kΩ, 1×18kΩ, 1×3.9kΩ, and 1×1kΩ (or approximate value resistors supplied by the technicians) * 2×Resistors with values as calculated in part III. * Capacitors: 2×10μF and 1×0.001μF * LED: 1×Red * BJT: 1×BC548 NPN or equivalent

METHODOLOGY
All measurements and data were done by the instrument as according to the lap manual.
RESULTS

Part 1- Voltage Divider Bias of a Common-Emitter Amplifier
2)
VB (V) | VC (V) | VE (V) | IB (mA) | IC (mA) | IE(mA) | 1.819 | 4.673 | 1.193 | 0.097 | 1.198 | 1.170 |
3)
VTh=VB=R2R1+R2VCC=1.884V
IE=VB-VBERE=1.184mA

IB=VE+VBERTh=0.083mA

RTh=R1R2R1+R2=14.232kΩ
IC=IE-IB=1.101mA

VC=IC.RC=4.294V

VE=VCC-VC-VCE=1.171V

4) The calculation above is almost the same as the result from the step 2, the reasons for these slightly small difference is the calculation above were done without the β from the data sheet of the BJT if were done using the β from the data sheet they will output the same result as the multi meter or data on step 2.

Part II-Small Signal Operation of a BJT Common-Emitter Amplifier
2)

4)
Vin=27.2V
5)
Vout=1.12V
6)
Av=VoutVin=24.29
7)

8)
Iin=0.015mA

Iout=0.037mA
9)
Ai=IoutIin=0.247
10)
Ap=AvAi=5.999
11) =Rintotalr´e=24.13 r´e=25mVIE IE=VCC-VBERE+RThβDC

Rin(total)=R1// R2//Rin

And
Rin=βDCr´e , they have the same results

Part III-Application of a BJT as a switch
4)

Above is 1kH where LED is more dimming frequently and down is 1Hz where LED are dimming frequently

DISCUSSION
Analyzing the circuit theoretically by manual computation has the same results as was found by the measurements from hardware as on practical. For BJT as switch where the LED was on when it discharge from BJT and off when charge or in other words, BJT are in short circuit when there is much frequencies in AC to change the wave formed to a box wave that will make the BJT have different active region.

CONCLUSION
DC voltages can be found by the help of capacitors to analyze the circuit. For common-emitter the input is found on the base and the output is on the collector in which its phase is found by shifting of the input graph as compared to the output graph. BJT as a switch are visible when in lower frequency than on higher frequency or in other words discharges and charges happen in a faster rate in higher frequencies than on lower.
REFERENCE
Floyd, T. L., Electronic Devices, 9th ed., 2011, Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Business

... PREREQUISITES ASSESSMENT WEIGHTINGS Learning outcomes 1. Students will identify the purpose of organisations and management. 2. Students will understand the importance of the development of management philosophies and their influence on current management practices. 3. Students will demonstrate their understanding of the influence of environments on organisational behaviour, by applying knowledge to a typical situation. 4. Students will understand the importance of ethics and social responsibility within an organisation. 5. Students will understand the elements of problem solving and apply a range of techniques that aid operational decision making. 6. Students will understand the purpose of planning and control and apply processes to a given situation. 7. Students will discuss two organisational structures, evaluate and recommend a structure for a given situation. 8. Students will understand and apply knowledge of leadership, motivation and delegation. 9. Students will understand team dynamics and how teams can influence the organisation. TOTAL Assessment weighting % 8 6 10 15 8 15 10 18 10 100 All learning outcomes must be evidenced; a 10% aggregate variance is allowed. ©SBG 2010 Page 2 of 23 530 Organisation & Management ASSESSMENT NOTES 1. Learning outcome one, key element a) may include not-for-profit organisations. This...

Words: 5778 - Pages: 24

Free Essay

Professional Ethics and Values

...Running head: PROFESSIONAL VALUES AND ETHICS Professional Values and Ethics University of Phoenix Professional Values and Ethics What is the difference between values and ethics? Values are rules by which people make decisions about what is right versus wrong; good versus bad and what one should or should not do. The definition of values according to Dictionary.com is “the ideals, customs, institutions, etc., of a society toward which the people of the group have an affective regard. These values may be positive, as cleanliness, freedom, or education, or negative, as cruelty, crime, or blasphemy” (The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 2009). Examples of values include: respect, empowerment, commitment and teamwork. Ethics on the other hand, are generally a formal set of rules which are openly adopted by a group of people; such as a company’s code of conduct or a code of ethics handbook. The definition of ethics according to Dictionary.com states “a theory or system or moral values; the rules or standards governing the conduct of a person or the member of a profession” (The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 2009). Examples of ethics might include: bribery is not acceptable or treatment of customers. Many people question the values and ethics of professional establishments, especially those in the financial industries. American’s today are going through...

Words: 1026 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Term Paper

...Ethics test 3 Study Guide CH.7 Importance of finance & ethics- Pg. 233 Definition of Valuation- Pg. 234- A powerful tool in weighing options. The summarization of entire future scenarios into a single number that can help simplify complex decisions. Standards of accounting- Pg. 245 Strategies for stakeholders in regards to finance- Changing the reporting or classification for specific purpose/stakeholder. Making operational decisions based on their impact to financial statements. Manipulating revenue or expenses with short term focus. Making decisions because everyone else does it in your industry. Reversibility test- Do unto others what you would have them do to you. Publicity test- A persons actions manifest essential elements of his or her character. Sarbanes Oxley- Created the public company accounting oversight board PCAOB. Five member board has the authority to set auditing, quality control, and ethical standards. Inspect accounting firms’ audit operations, and investigate and impose sanctions for violations. Ch. 8 5 phases according to B.W Tuckman in regards to teams- Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning. General idea of management- A view of the individual, Hierarchy and managing, groups, the enterprise. Managing is about people. 5 factors of individuals & relationships to corporation- Motivation, relationships with authority, role of gender in relationships, psychological contract in workplace, groups and...

Words: 404 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Personal Values

...extent should try to align ourselves with organizations that have similar values and beliefs. The purpose of this paper is to clarify my personal values using Williams Institute Ethics Awareness Inventory self-assessment, compare my values with Kudler Fine Foods, and determine the satisfaction level if I were a manager at Kudler Fine Foods organization. Personal Values “Values are qualities that are considered worthwhile and represent highest priorities and deeply held driving forces and beliefs” (Success in Life and Work, p. 1). In my understanding, individuals are brought up with values. A group of individuals come together to create a company and core beliefs and values of this company are defined based on these individuals values. "Organizational culture is a system of shared values, assumptions, beliefs and norms that unite members of an organization," (Gomez-Mejia and Balkin, 2002, p. 108). What I learned from Williams Institute Ethics Awareness Inventory self-assessment test is that my ethical perspective is based on the results or consequences of my actions. My behavior is focused on promoting greatest good for the team in an organization and for the society in day-to-day life. As an example, I constantly look for providing training to my team members at work such that the team can produce good results with higher level of confidence and satisfaction. As per the EAI results, my focus is on the concrete evidence for ethical actions of any individual or...

Words: 1615 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Lmaololsohai

...| UCSI UNIVERSITYFACULTY OF BUSINESS AND INFORMATION SCIENCE (FoBIS) | Teaching Plan 1. | Unit Code &Unit Title: | BB219 Management Ethics | 2. | Course of Study: | Bachelor of Business (Hons) Business Administration | 3. | Year of Study: | Year 2, Semester 2 | 4. | Year and Semester: | Semester May, 2015 | 5. | Credit Hour & Contact Hours: | 3 credit hours Lecture: 21 Hours Tutorial: 21 Hours Practical: | 6. | Lecturer: | Associate Professor Dr Intan Osman Email: Intan@ucsiuniversity.edu.my | 7. | Tutor: | Associate Professor Dr Intan Osman | 8. | Mode of Delivery: | LectureTutorial | 9. | Objectives: | * To provide students with a valuable source of reference on issues surrounding corporate misconducts and ethical principles and theories * To provide an understanding of how ethical theories can be applied in everyday individual and corporate undertaking. * To develop students’ appreciation of how an ethical manager may influence or drive a company towards being a responsible corporate entity.         | 10. | Learning Outcomes: | Knowledge * To gain the background information on ethical principles and theories * To link the day-to- day events and issues faced by corporate to ethical dilemmas * To develop a strong appreciation of a range of significant issues, and case studies which demonstrate ethical dilemmas faced by large and small corporations * To select and apply theories...

Words: 990 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Business Ethics Versus Military Ethics

...Business Ethics versus Military Ethics January 19, 20115 Business Ethics versus Military Ethics "The ultimate basis for ethics is clear: Human behavior has consequences for the welfare of others. We are capable of acting toward others in such a way as to increase or decrease the quality of their lives. We are capable of helping or harming. What is more, we are theoretically capable of understanding when we are doing the one and when the other. This is so because we have the capacity to put ourselves imaginatively in the place of others and recognize how we would be affected if someone were to act toward us as we are acting toward others" (Elder & Paul, 2003). There are many types of ethics and many ways to incorporate practices to enforce ethics as well as punish violators of ethics requirements. Two categories of ethics that are similar yet different are ethics in Corporate America and ethics in the United States Air Force (U.S.A.F.). First, we need to understand what ethics are. Ethics contributes to the learning what is right or wrong. "Doing the right thing is not as straight forward as conveyed in a great deal of business ethics literature"(McNamara, C. 2003, 6). The definition between corporations and the military provides us with a general description of ethics. Are military and corporate ethics different? Business Ethics in Corporate America The Business ethics concept means many things to many different people. It is coming to know what is "right or wrong in...

Words: 1577 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Leadership and Performance in Workplace

...of a team work ethic. In order for the company to become more successful the floor workers and managers need to develop a team like mentality. Another element that would contribute to the organization would be finding leadership theories that would improve the performance of the workers. After these have been solved the company needs to discover the difference between managing employees and being a leader. The only way the company can hope to overcome their obstacles is by taking the necessary steps in overcoming the elements that are working against the success of Woody’s Veneer Factory. Group & Team Concepts With there being many different group and team concept that could benefit the factory of Woody’s and Veneer if ran in the proper sequence. When working together in a group this includes the employees and the management teams as well. Working as a team would be most beneficial if it was a positive experience. While working with a team it is important to be able to work with others that balance each other’s strengths and weaknesses. In the factory setting such as Woody’s and Veneer they seem to lack working as a team, employees seem to put their own problems and feelings above the groups needs which causes a lot of issues and then of course stress on the team. This also causes problems in the workplace that will have effects on negativity and low productivity. While analyzing different group and team concepts there are four crucial group concepts and two team concepts...

Words: 1921 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Case Study

...Wl New York San Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogota Caracas Kuala Lumpur Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi Santiago Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei Toronto Contents About the Author Preface v PART ONE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT Evidence-Based Consulting Practices 1 iv Organizational Behavior Case: Conceptual Model: Dream or Reality? 30 Chapter 2 Environmental Context: Globalization, Diversity, and Ethics 31 1 Learning Objectives 31 Globalization 31 Diversity in the Workplace 34 Chapter 1 Introduction to Organizational Behavior: An Evidence-Based Approach 5 Learning Objectives 5 The Challenges Facing Management 6 Undergoing a Paradigm Shift 8 A New Perspective for Management 10 Evidence-Based Management 12 Historical Background: The Hawthorne Studies Reasons for the Emergence of Diversity 35 Developing the Multicultural Organization 38 Individual Approaches to Managing Diversity 39 Organizational Approaches to Managing Diversity 41 Ethics and Ethical Behavior in Organizations 46 47 The Impact of Ethics on "Bottom-Line " Outcomes 13 The Illumination Studies: A Serendipitous Discovery 13 Subsequent Phases of the Hawthorne Studies 14 Implications of the Hawthorne Studies 15 Research Methodology to Determine Valid Evidence 16 The Overall Scientific Perspective 16 Starting with Theory 17 The Use of Research Designs 18 The Validity of Studies 19 Summary 49 Ending with Meta-Analytic Research Findings 50 Questions for Discussion and Review...

Words: 2562 - Pages: 11

Free Essay

Bkaf 3083 Syllabus

...COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ______________________________________________________________________________ COURSE CODE : BKAF3083 COURSE : ACCOUNTING THEORY AND PRACTICE PRE-REQUISITE : BKAF3073 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING IV |Lecturer |Group |Room |Ext. |e-mail | |DR. DHIAA SHAMKI |C & F |3.07 |3740 |dhiaashamki@uum.edu.my | 1.0 SYNOPSIS This course is an advanced level course focusing on financial accounting theory; and as such, it differs from other accounting courses learnt previously. It is designed to further enhance students’ understanding of the concepts and issues in accounting theory and practices. This course involves the study of the practical and theoretical issues involved in the development, implementation and changes in accounting theories and regulatory framework. As this course will be seminal-like, this course will provide students with some generic skills required in the accounting profession such as team working, interaction, leadership, follower-ship, critical and creative thinking skills, decision making skills, analytical skills, communication skills as well as professional demeanor. 2.0 OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this course, students are expected: 2.1 to understand the principles, concepts...

Words: 1874 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Bonus vs Individual Incentive Plan

...Group Bonus Incentive Plan Advantages * Help to build a unity amongst the workers, therefore a more work friendly environment. * Eliminates the segregation between high bonus earners and low bonus earners. This helps to reduce the uncertainty of future bonus payouts. * Helps individuals of different ages to learn new skill sets from their peers through group bonding. * Improves the overall morality of the workers. * Help to create a brand image that may be attractive to potential new employees. * Team competition will drive the members in the group to reach deeper into their skill sets to make the group succeed. * Paying bonus’ as a team encourages them employees to work together to improve the performance of the company as a whole rather than competing for individual bonus’. This team work will allow for more efficiency in the workplace. * Team bonus schedule will create more cohesion within the company * Creates a more impartial workplace and removes the tension between employees. * Removes the stigma from employees who do not receive individual compensation for their work effort Disadvantages * Harder to determine which employees are actually performing to the fullest of their abilities. * Efficient workers may be mistakenly penalized for the poor efforts of other people on their team. * If bonus standards are not proportionately set in accordance to the actual amount of work that the group can accomplish, they may become...

Words: 1048 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Organisational Behavior Bibliographies

...Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogota Caracas Kuala Lumpur Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi Santiago Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei Toronto Contents About the Author Preface v PART ONE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT Evidence-Based Consulting Practices 1 iv Organizational Behavior Case: Conceptual Model: Dream or Reality? 30 Chapter 2 Environmental Context: Globalization, Diversity, and Ethics 31 1 Learning Objectives 31 Globalization 31 Diversity in the Workplace 34 Chapter 1 Introduction to Organizational Behavior: An Evidence-Based Approach 5 Learning Objectives 5 The Challenges Facing Management 6 Undergoing a Paradigm Shift 8 A New Perspective for Management 10 Evidence-Based Management 12 Historical Background: The Hawthorne Studies Reasons for the Emergence of Diversity 35 Developing the Multicultural Organization 38 Individual Approaches to Managing Diversity 39 Organizational Approaches to Managing Diversity 41 Ethics and Ethical Behavior in Organizations 46 47 The Impact of Ethics on "Bottom-Line " Outcomes 13 The Illumination Studies: A Serendipitous Discovery 13 Subsequent Phases of the Hawthorne Studies 14 Implications of the Hawthorne Studies 15 Research Methodology to Determine Valid Evidence 16 The Overall Scientific Perspective 16 Starting with Theory 17 The Use of Research Designs 18 The Validity of Studies 19 Summary 49 Ending with Meta-Analytic Research Findings 50 Questions for Discussion...

Words: 2562 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Team Behavior

...Team Behavior The organizational structure is compromised of groups and teams. Organizational behavior theory examines individual and group behavior types in relation to performance, organizational structure, ethics, and conflict resolution. Extensive research has been done in the field of development and application of team behavior and the positive or negative impact it has on accomplishing organizational objectives. Tuckman’s team development theory, Mintzberg’s study of organizational politics, and The Ringelmann effect will be examined. These theories provide insight into the complexities inherent in group structure and the mechanisms organizations need to minimize dysfunctional activities. The term group and team are used interchangeably for this discussion although they do not have the same meaning. A team consists of a number of people committed to common goals. Teams help organizations enhance performance, reduce costs, and provide employees with a sense of dignity and self-fulfillment. A team’s composition is formal or informal, its effectiveness is predicated, in part, on an organizations’ culture and the personalities and roles of the team members. . Group Development 1. There are critics of the five‐stage group development model. Their main point is that this presentation of a group’s development is too static. Do you agree with this criticism? Why? The Tuckman stages of team development focuses on building and developing teams by analyzing team behavior...

Words: 2371 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Critical Thinking Caps Worksheet

...Critical Thinking Caps Worksheet Angela Martin, Bridget Frey, Heidi Abraham, Jennifer Shaver, Natalie Amenhauser, Nicole Hale (Team B) NUR/391 Professional Nursing Practice April 14, 2014 Sharon Little-Stoetzel University of Phoenix Material Questions for Critical Thinking Caps Worksheet Read the description of the six caps and the “Case Study for Six Caps” on p. 175 of Professional Nursing. Answer the following questions individually. Then, discuss your answers in your Learning Team forum online. After you have discussed each question and achieved a consensus, compile a group response, which will be submitted as a Learning Team assignment. White cap: What pieces of information are needed to assist the family in making a decision regarding Marianne’s care? The information provided explains that Marianne, 79, was admitted to the emergency department yesterday with a sever headache. She became unresponsive and a CT scan of her brain revealed she had a hemorrhagic stroke. Her pupils are dilated and unresponsive to light. She is breathing only with a respirator. The piece of information to assist the family in decision-making is the fact that her pupils are dilated and she is unresponsive breathing only with a respirator device. The surgeon cannot guarantee quality of life even with the clot removed (Black, p. 175, 2010). We know that Marianne’s children and husband are involved in the decision making regarding her care and have differing...

Words: 3515 - Pages: 15

Free Essay

Analysis of Macroenviromental Factors

...INTERNATIONAL FACTORS OF ENVIRONMENT Public administration operates in a global environment that requires a greater emphasis on cooperation among nations. Globalization has become a catch world for international development endeavors throughout the world. With globalization borders between regions and nations are no longer important. A final component of the general environment is actions of other countries or groups of countries that affect the organization. Governments may act to reserve a portion of their industries for domestic firms, or may subsidize particular types of businesses to make them more competitive in the international market. Some countries may have a culture or undergo a change in leadership that limits the ability of firms to participate in the country's economy. As with the other elements of the macroenvironment, such actions are not directed at any single company, but at many firms. ECONOMIC ASSOCIATIONS. One of the most recent joint efforts by governments to influence business practices was NAFTA. The agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico was intended to facilitate free trade between the three countries. The result has been a decrease in trade barriers between them, making it easier to transport resources and outputs across national boundaries. The move has been beneficial to many businesses, and probably to the economies of all three countries. In most economic associations, preference is also given to products from member countries...

Words: 1251 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Factors Influencing Communication

...erikhansen26@gmail.com Introduction. The grass is freshly cut, uniforms recently pressed and washed. The summer-night-air is filled with the smell of functioning concession stands and the sounds of many conversations. Players and fans take their positions, the players trot onto the field and fans get comfortable in their seats. The show is about to begin. First pitch is thrown and a stadium relying on communication is operational once more. Foremost, this research paper will continue with the assumption that the reader understands the basics of the game of baseball and/or has been to a game. As we know every action within the stadium requires some sort of communication. The game of baseball itself is a game where the most successful team communicates superbly. Baseball relies on communication from preparation, studying, and putting the game-plan through action to in-game adjustments and secret signs. Delving deeper into the stadium we discover that the game is not the only thing relying on forms of communication. Concession stand employees will need to use their listening skills to appropriately form a customer’s order, stadium signs will properly direct fans to their correct seats, and the stadium announcer will relay important information to the entire stadium through precise word and voice usage. Individual Factors. I will continue on firstly with individual factors for it’s relation to the other factors and importance to communication. The success of communication...

Words: 2565 - Pages: 11