...an earlier historical art period. You will choose two historical periods from the list below and discuss the relationships between the periods. You should discuss how one period revived or continued the style and characteristics of the other period or how one period originated in reaction to the other period. The following is a list of historical art periods you can choose from: • Classical • Middle ages • Renaissance • Mannerism • Baroque • Rococo • Neoclassical • Romanticism • Realism • Impressionism • Post impressionism • Cubism • Dadaism • Geometric abstraction • Pop art • Surrealism • Harlem Renaissance Task: A. Choose two art periods from the list above and write an essay (suggested length of 3–5 pages) in which you do the following: 1. Describe the earlier historical art period, characteristics of the style, and social conditions that may have contributed to the advent of this style. 2. Describe the later historical art period, characteristics of the style, and social conditions that may...
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...(Giotto, Camabue) and early Renaissance painting. 9. Indian Miniatures including Mogul Miniature paintings. (As compared to the western illusionistic technique of representation of real 3D form, the eastern approach gives emphasis on the flat 2D representation of reality (schematic) which links with the religious, pious or spiritual narrative) 10. Renaissance (The awareness of visual elements and their composition, the connection of geometry, spatial relation, Birth of perspective and awareness of 3rd dimension along with study of anatomy in visual representation. The rise of individualism due to advent of humanism) 11. Baroque Painting & sculpture. 12. Rococo art and furniture/ interiors. 13. What is semiotics and semantics? Understanding the impact of industrialization and New Technology and the origin of it, the ‘enlightenment’. 14. Romanticism & Realism: in relation with the fall of Napoleon and outbreak of the war, French revolution, Darwin, Karl marks, birth of photography and change in perception of visual experience 15. What is modern? What is modern art? Impressionism and Expressionism Monet, Manet, Van Gogh, Edward Munch, Henri Matisse, Kandinsky, Sculpture-August Rodin. 16. Development of capitalism in modern western societies. Encroachment of commercial values upon all aspects of cultural practices. Art as anti establishment practice (Dada as anti art a nihilistic movement). The art of Marcel Duchamp, Pablo Picasso, and Jackson...
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...Music Appreciation “Our lives are constantly changing, with new avenues of the supertechnology highway opening every day. This technological resolution has a strong impact on our work and our leisure activities. It also conditions how, when, and where we listen to music” Yes, as our book immediately states, our lives have changed. We can now listen to music in almost any location on earth. The music we’ve created has evolved into a great number of genres, all with wonderful different sounds. But without the old, there would have been nothing for the new to build upon. Much, if not all music from the middle ages and before is religious. This is due to sponsorship from the churches at the time, which usually consisted of monophonic Gregorian chants. Towards the end of Romanesque era, however, began the rise of polyphony. This evolved into the motet, while secular music was coming about in France and Spain. Afterwards, we move on to the Renaissance, an era of exploration, science, and artistic awakening. Melodies made specifically for the voice began springing up, and expressive word painting became a common theme. Around this period, amateur secular music started to appear. Later, we would be in what is now known as the Baroque era. It was a turbulent time, of change in politics, science, and arts. This marks the introduction of Monody, as well as the genre of the Opera. In a way, an opera’s Librettist, who makes the main story of the work is like the author of a show, or movie...
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...------------------------------------------------- Contemporary Music -Contemporary classical music can be understood as belonging to the period that started in the mid-1970s with the retreat of modernism.[1] However, the term may also be employed in a broader sense to refer to all post-1945 modern musical forms. -Contemporary music is the music that was developed in the early 20th century around the world with little influence from the European style and elements. Several musicians both classical, neo classical, developed different styles of the music experimenting with a bit of creativity in the process. The music was recorded on tapes and was available from all over, yet varied. -Contemporary music describes popular music presently enjoyed right now in this era. Contemporary means modern, and living or existing in the same time. -Contemporary Music can be understood as belonging to the period that started in the mid 1970's with the retreat of modernism. However, the term may also be employed in a broader sense to refer to all post-1945 modern musical forms. Contemporary music is current or modern music. Most top 100 or 40 lists are based on contemporary and commercial music. This is music that pertains to today's sound and events. Generally "contemporary classical music" amounts to: The modern forms of art music The post-1945 modern forms of post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern[3] (including serial music, electroacoustic music, musique concrète, experimental...
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...This account of the history of Greek life traces the beginings of the organizations that have come today to be known as Greek Fraternities and Sororities. This history was compiled from Baird's 20th Edition, Manual of American College Fraternities. The information concerning the origins and early uses of the words fraternity and sorority may be useful in fully understand the history of Greek Life. In the mid to late nineteenth century, students began forming their own groups to debate and discuss current events and literature. This was largely a reaction toward the strict curriculum set forth by their colleges. Students wanted to learn about a greater variety of topics than were offered in the classroom, explore other academic venues in more detail than time allotted for with their professors during class time, and be able to express themselves freely. Hence began the first organized, modern day debating and literary societies. Some universities fostered these organizations by encouraging students to think for themselves. Inevitably, the students in these groups began to form deeper relationships and depend on each other for more than just an intellectually stimulating conversation. Through the end of the nineteenth century, intellectualness was still the center of fraternity life, but the members also made plenty of time to organize parties, sports events, dances and so on. The Chapter House The members of these groups sometimes lived together in college dorms or boarding...
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...“William Blake was an English poet, engraver, and painter. A boldly imaginative rebel in both his thought and his art, he combined poetic and pictorial genius to explore life,” (http://www.notablebiographies.com/). His artwork and poetry were classified as part of the Romantic era. This historical period made a large advent during the late 18th century and curtailed roughly around late 19th century. The generation was replenished with revolution and war as those who endured though this time felt an extensive concern for the problems of existence, death, and eternity. subsequently in this environment, Romanticism was created. In the midst of his era, he also continued to derive inspiration from others and the events that were involved in the...
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...Student’s name Professor’s name Course name Date Mozart Introduction According to Fisher (15), Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a powerful Austrian composer whose success can precisely be dated from his childhood. The composer was born in Salzburg in 1756 and died in 1791 having written over 600 pieces of work of which many remain popular to date. Mozart could play clavichord at the age of three and began writing short compositions at the age of four. When he was 5, he gave his first public performance at Salzburg University. Between 1763 and 1766, Mozart, Nannerl, his sister who was talented in music, together with their father who was a musician as well toured Europe. They visited Paris, London among several other places where Mozart gave several successful concerts, even performing before royalty. This research paper examines the crucial role Mozart played during The Enlightenment. It further highlights the contribution made by the Austrian composer in the transition to romantic from the Enlightenment. Before and during the time of Mozart, composers served the royal courts or church as highly-skilled servants. In the same manner, he began his carrier by working for Salzburg’s Archbishop. Notably, his travels to France as well as England gave him an exposure to the ideals of equality and independence as well. This exposure prompted him to sever his loyalty to the master who employed him to offer services in a very rigid manner. He left for Vienna where he...
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...Even though Europe was advancing in science and technology it was simultaneously regressing in spirituality and philosophy. In the lines above Wordsworth says that humans and their intellect meddles with the environment. He urges people to stop indulging in science and art, which he refers to as “barren leaves”. The advent of industrialisation increased materialistic sentiments and greed for money, but it also empowered the middle class that gained employment in the industries. Though workers secured jobs for themselves, they experienced atrocious conditions at the hands of unethical employers. In “The Excursion” Wordsworth denounces the exploitation of women and children, poor work conditions and greed of factory owners. “The world is too much with us; late and soon, Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers; Little we see in Nature that is ours; ...
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...from the medieval Gothic Architecture it was influenced to. Back in the Medieval era, the style wasn’t referred to as ‘Gothic’ yet, it was only during the period of the Renaissance that the term became commonly used by the people, which was started by Italian architect, historian and writer Giorgio Vasari, deemed all buildings of the middle Ages to be that of having a rude and barbaric quality because it does not conform to the traditional designs of classical Greek and Roman, and also thought of as having an association with the savage Goths, the people who were responsible for the fall of the Roman Empire and the emergence of the medieval period. The movement started in the late 1740's but became even more prevalent during the advent of Romanticism, a movement that is paralleled with the industrial revolution when machines were slowly developed to replace manual labor that provides the people the comfort and convenience of having a more efficient, smooth and speedy operation. At the...
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...The Harlem Renaissance From 1920 until about 1930 an unprecedented outburst of activity among African-Americans occurred in all field of art. Beginning as a series of literary discussions in the lower Manhattan (Greenwich Village) and upper Manhattan (Harlem) sections of New York City, this African-American cultural movement became known as “The New Negro Movement’’ and later as the Harlem Renaissance. More than a literary movement and more than a social revolt against racism, the Harlem Renaissance exalted the unique culture of African- Americans and redefined African-Americans were encouraged to celebrate their heritage and to become “The New Negro,” a term coined in 1925 by sociologist and critic Alain LeRoy Locke. One of the factors contributing to the rise of the Harlem Renaissance was the great migration of African-Americans to northern cities (such as New York City, Chicago, and Washington, D.C.) between 1919 and 1926. In his influential book The New Negro (1925), Locke described the northward migration of blacks as "something like a spiritual emancipation." One of the factors contributing to the rise of the Harlem Renaissance was the great migration of African-Americans to northern cities (such as New York City, Chicago, and Washington, D.C.) between 1919 and 1926. In his influential book The New Negro (1925), Locke described the northward migration of blacks as "something like a spiritual emancipation." In the 1920's African-Americans seemed to have passed...
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...paper will simply explain the nature of the poem and the events that come together within it. The beginning of Marriage sets up an image of a man walking through a “perilous path” that is described as “The vale of death” (Blake 1.4-5). Rintrah, a personification of wrath, watches the man be swayed from his path by the “sneaking serpent,” which can easily be interpreted as the Devil (Blake 1.17). The man is driven into the wild to fend for himself, where he will struggle and be tempted by the good and evil sides of himself and of the world. The next plate that Blake writes is not in a poetic form, but instead calls forth a challenge to the Swedenborgian view of religion. He humorously writes that “it is now thirty-three years since its advent: the Eternal Hell revives. And lo! Swedenborg is the Angel sitting at the tomb: his writings are the linen clothes folded up” (Blake 3). Blake’s jokes about Swedenborg’s relationship to Jesus Christ and his changes to the Christian church lead into his next point, which is how contradictory he believes these religious teachings to be in the first place. Blake claims that “Without contraries is no progression” (3). He claims that everything has an opposite, and without those, no man can move forward. This is where the religious get their concepts of Good and Evil, which they easily equate to Heaven and Hell, which Blake seems uncomfortable with. The next plate that Blake writes, named “The Voice...
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...TERM PAPER THE SIGNIFICANCE AND DEPTH OF THE MEDIA ON THE TEXTUAL INTERROGATION OF LITERATURE IN ‘MY FATHER’S BLOOD’ NAME: OJEBODE, AYOKUNMI OLADELE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH POSTGRADUATE STUDIES IN LITERATURE REDEEMER’S UNIVERSITY, EDE COURSE CODE/TITLE: ENG 871/ LITERATURE AND MEDIA LECTURER: DR. OFURE AITO THE STILL PHOTOGRAPHY AS LITERATURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY USING TY BELLO’S WORKS Introduction “Art is about collecting experiences and expressing them. For me music and photography are similar art forms. I collect experiences, stir them in myself and express it in my own language. Just like my photography, music is my language.” Ty Bello Today people live in a visually intensive society and a world of spectacular and exciting images. They are bombarded with an orderly and continuously stream of visual stimulation from all manner of media every day. They see mediated images more often than they read words. Images sell everything. This paper offers an analytical framework for understanding how still photography is Literature in the 21st Century, using TY Bello’s still pictures. According to Aristotle, “There can be no words without images”. The world is surrounded with mediated images in such a way that has never been witnessed in the history of mass communication. Every era has expressed itself in its own way since the beginning. Antiquity was the time of legends, epics and mythical narratives. During the sovereignty of this era, meaning was constructed...
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...THE RULES OF THE GAME: NOUVELLE EDITION FRANCAISE/THE KOBAL COLLECTION DEEP FOCUS CANON FODDER As the sun finally sets on the century of cinema, by what criteria do we determine its masterworks? BY PAU L SC H RA D E R Top guns (and dogs): the #1 The Rules of the Game September-October 2006 FILM COMMENT 33 Sunrise PREFACE THE BOOK I DIDN’T WRITE I n march 2003 i was having dinner in london with Faber and Faber’s editor of film books, Walter Donohue, and several others when the conversation turned to the current state of film criticism and lack of knowledge of film history in general. I remarked on a former assistant who, when told to look up Montgomery Clift, returned some minutes later asking, “Where is that?” I replied that I thought it was in the Hollywood Hills, and he returned to his search engine. Yes, we agreed, there are too many films, too much history, for today’s student to master. “Someone should write a film version of Harold Bloom’s The Western Canon,” a writer from The Independent suggested, and “the person who should write it,” he said, looking at me, “is you.” I looked to Walter, who replied, “If you write it, I’ll publish it.” And the die was cast. Faber offered a contract, and I set to work. Following the Bloom model I decided it should be an elitist canon, not populist, raising the bar so high that only a handful of films would pass over. I proceeded to compile a list of essential films, attempting, as best I could, to...
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...and Venetia, and indirectly through the restored Bourbon Kings in some minor Italian states. Italian unification was once again frustrated ever the Risorgimento was quickly in advance. The explosion of Austrian power in Italy was the main problem which discouraged an early unification of Italy. Moreover, the general political atmosphere in Europe did not allow new concessions to Italian balance when the powers were concerned with maintaining the balance of power and to prevent the setting of French hegemony in Europe again. So a united Italy in 1815 would only mean French domination of Italy, so the powers generally accepted the settlement even though the 1815 settlement ignored the moral principles which first French Revolution and the Romanticism had unleashed in Europe. Even liberal powers like Britain and the mother of Revolution, France did not dare to take the risk of a war which may be caused if Italy was united and this might invite foreign intervention in the young Italy. So foreign aid was generally unavailable in the first generation of the nineteenth century. Moreover, any war against Austria in the 1820's would mean war against Russia and Prussia too because the Holy Alliance acted as international police force resisting the tide of change. So the political, diplomatic and military condition in 1820's and 1830's did not favour the unification of Italy. Moreover, the movement of...
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...A. Introduction As the name suggests, underwear or undergarments are clothes wore under the typical outerwear such as shirts, dresses jeans, breeches among others. Some, especially to those provocatively sexy in nature, opt to use these as outerwear. Examples of these are nightwear, swimwear and corsets. However, it is dictated that they be of suitable material for propriety, functionality and safety. Likewise, pieces of underwear are typically worn next to the skin. Brasseries, knickers, boy shorts and other pieces of lingerie. These are only some examples of female underwear commonly used today. It’s not outlandish to be very well acquainted and in possession of such garments; thus, the female underwear has always been subject to much ubiquity. But just like most other mundane object in this world, these pieces of underwear have undergone an evolution. In the western world, these pieces of underwear have transformed not only in terms of their personal appearance, but in their functions, as well. With regard to its physical appearance, the most striking difference is the size. The past’s underwear was gargantuan compared to today’s. For instance, the corsets back then covered even the abdominal area along with the bust while our brasseries today provide only ample support for the bosoms and leaves the abdomen completely exposed. Moreover, the bulky crinolines, farthingales, bustles and petticoats have been completely disregarded, except...
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