...Weaponry Since many of the soldiers who participated in the first battle of Bull Run were state volunteers, they were armed with whatever the state government provided them. Many soldiers were issued smooth bore weapons at the beginning of the war. As it progressed, more and more soldiers were armed with rifled weapons, being more accurate and far superior to smooth bore rifles. For the past 150 years, the soldier’s weapon of choice was the .69 caliber smooth bore musket. These rifles were inaccurate and did not have an effective killing range (100-200 yards). A lot of luck went into the soldier’s marksmanship. In the days prior, Napoleonic tactics were commonplace on the battlefield. In this fashion, soldiers lined up side by side and fired a volley of lead into the enemy’s direction, each rank taking turns to reload while the other fired. This tactic was effective in its own right, causing high casualties to both sides. During the civil war however, good soldiers were hard to find, and advancements in technology allowed them to use tactics and weaponry that helped keep soldiers alive on the battlefield. Advancements in the weaponry used during the First battle of the Bull Run made a significant difference in many aspects of the battle. Rifles used in the battle looked identical to the ones previously used, but with one key change: rifling. Rifled weapons have groves cut inside the barrel that cause the projectile to spin as it leaves the muzzle of the weapon. This barrel groove...
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...Federal law in the Southern states. The Battle at Bull Run was the first major land battle of the Civil War with the intent to take control of Richmond, which was the capital of Virginia and of the Confederacy. Leaders thought by controlling Richmond they would cause an early end to the uprising. Immediately after taking command, Brigadier General Irvin McDowell came under pressure from President Lincoln to launch a decisive military operation against the Confederate Army. Unfortunately, McDowell ineffectively used many of the mission command variables in his attempt to defeat the Confederate rebellion resulting in numerous casualties and Union retreat back to Washington. Some keys points of mission command discussed in this paper include whether or not McDowell understood the operational environment, did he visualize the results of the operation along with successfully describing the end state to his staff to gain a shared understanding. Additionally, to discuss McDowell’s effectiveness directing all aspects of the operation, continually assessing the situation to make...
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...ead Case 4-1 (“JetBlue Airways: Regaining Attitude”) in Corporate Communication and respond to the following: Jose Elizondo Discussion Question #3-JetBlue Saint Leo University Dr. Rose November 5, 2014 February 14, 2007 marked a turning point for Jet Blue and their commitment to one of their core values and building blocks: guest experience. Since their inception in 1999, Jet Blue experienced a level of success unprecedented in the airline industry. Build on the foundation of “bringing humanity back to air travel. Its founder David Neeleman focused on exceptional customer service, extended leg room and free satellite TV feeds in every seat. By 2005, JetBlue ranked highest among all airlines. The customer experience in turn resulted in profits for an impressive 16 consecutive quarters. On February 14, 2007, JetBlue made the executive decision to stay true to their values of a customer experience by keep flights schedules on time even though weather conditions were not conducive to flying. Unfortunately, this strategy did not go as intended and resulted in extremely irate customers and a potential loss of $45 million between cancelled flights and flight vouchers to impacted customers. So what went wrong? JetBlue was not experienced and prepared in multiple crisis management strategies to deal with the influx of customer questions and concerns. This lead to minimal communication to their customers as they would not be able to reach any of the reservation agents due...
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...The First Battle of Bull Run, or the First Battle of Manassas, started on July 21, 1861. It only took one day, but there was a lot to be learned about the battle. The battle took place in Manassas Virginia, and was the first major battle during the Civil War. It was the bloodiest battle at the time it took place. The fighting caused the deaths of 2,700 Union soldiers and 2,000 Confederate soldiers. This battle has two different names, because like a lot of other Civil War battles, the Union and the Confederates named it two different things. The Union named the battles after the natural recourses that are surrounding the area like bodies of water and landmarks. The Confederates got their battle names from the nearest railroad stations, towns, and cities. The Confederate army was...
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...Hoffman Dr. Jack 5 Alexis Hoffman Dr. Jack English 2B 30 November 2014 “The Impact of Civil Wars’ First Battle: Bull Run” A couple months before 1861, Confederate troops had attacked Fort Sumter and as a result began the series of battles known as the Civil War. Inspired by earlier winnings made by Union troops in western Virginia, the famous president Lincoln commanded General Irvin McDowell to make an army that would attack quickly and efficiently toward the south and create a route to Richmond. That would result in ending the war extremely fast. The battle would begin with an attack on more than 20,000 Confederate soldiers. Pierre Gustave Toutant-Beauregard (P.G.T) had set up camp near Manassas Junction, Virginia (25 miles from Washington, D.C.) along a river known as Bull Run....
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...Beauregard. Beauregard. Beauregard. The chant, as his men marched back South from the The First Battle of Bull Run. The Confederacy wouldn't have won The First Battle of Bull Run if it wasn't for P.G.T. Beauregard going to U.S. military academy at West Point. In St. Bernard Parish on May 28, 1818, Beauregards mom gave birth to one of the best commanders of the Confederacy. Beauregard was an important person in The First Battle of Bull Run which started on a hot sunny day on July 21, 1861. The first shots of the Civil War were shot when Beauregard ordered his men to shoot. Commander Beauregard was a very smart man because he assumed that the Union Army would strike at Manassas to take the railroad junction, so he stationed most of his men between...
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...The second battle of Bull Run (The second battle of Manassas) was fought in August 28-30 in 1862 at Bull Run near Manassas in Prince William County, Virginia. This was the second time the union and confederate forces had met at Bull Run. This was a much larger scale battle than the First battle of Bull Run, which was fought in July 1861 on much of the same ground during the American Civil War. This war alone was one bloodiest war during the civil war that out of 62,000 engaged Union soldiers only 14,000 survived and out of 50,000 engaged Confederate soldiers only 8,000 survived but the outcome was a confederate victory. John Pope was appointed to a newly formed Virginia army by Abraham Lincoln and was instructed to defend Washington and the...
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...In the Civil War, there were several battles such as the Battle of Bull Run. The passage, “The Battle of Bull Run,” and the novel, Soldier’s Heart, have several similarities which include the fact that Abraham Lincoln wanted to attack the Rebels, and that there were spectators watching the gruesome and horrifying battle. In both the passage and the novel, they mentioned how President Abraham Lincoln wanted to attack the rebels to win the Civil War. Charley states in Soldier’s Heart that a rumor was going around about Lincoln wanting to attack the rebels harder and with more grit. Charley states, “But the rumors said that Lincoln...was very dissatisfied with McClellan’s ‘lack of bite’ and wanted some attack made on the Rebels, somewhere, at some time soon,” (59). This shows how Lincoln wanted to attack the Rebels sometime soon....
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...What are the key issues that Eisner must consider in this situation from a government relations perspective? The key issues include the location of Eisner’s envisioned historical theme park. The state of Virginia is deeply filled with many events marked in American history such as the homes of four of the first five U.S. presidents, in addition to being the site of more than two-dozen civil war battlefields. Another key issue was the commotion and traffic that this theme park would create. As visitors will travel from many places to visit Disney America, Disney would have to predict when the highway will be most at traffic while putting in mind that many residents of Virginia use this highway, knowing it is already very crowded most of the time. Another major side effect of this traffic would be the heavily increased air pollution. When Disney confirmed that they would build the park in Prince William County, the biggest key issue of all arose: opposition. Many people were alarmed and concerned that this project would destroy many of America’s national marks of history and would be replaced by a theme park full of amusement. Many people did not have faith that Disney would be able to portray a full and clear, understandable image of American History, seeing as their other parks specialize in amusement and entertainment. Another economic key issue that many anti-Disney groups were doubting, was the number of jobs Disney promised to give. One campaign that took place in hope...
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...What are the key issues that Eisner must consider in this situation from a government relations perspective? The key issues include the location of Eisner’s envisioned historical theme park. The state of Virginia is deeply filled with many events marked in American history such as the homes of four of the first five U.S. presidents, in addition to being the site of more than two-dozen civil war battlefields. Another key issue was the commotion and traffic that this theme park would create. As visitors will travel from many places to visit Disney America, Disney would have to predict when the highway will be most at traffic while putting in mind that many residents of Virginia use this highway, knowing it is already very crowded most of the time. Another major side effect of this traffic would be the heavily increased air pollution. When Disney confirmed that they would build the park in Prince William County, the biggest key issue of all arose: opposition. Many people were alarmed and concerned that this project would destroy many of America’s national marks of history and would be replaced by a theme park full of amusement. Many people did not have faith that Disney would be able to portray a full and clear, understandable image of American History, seeing as their other parks specialize in amusement and entertainment. Another economic key issue that many anti-Disney groups were doubting, was the number of jobs Disney promised to give. One campaign that took place in hope...
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...The First Battle of Bull Run The First Battle of Bull Run is also known as the Battle of Manassas. This important Battle was fought on July 21st 1861, near the city of Manassas located in Prince William County in the state of Virginia; at an important railroad junction located twenty five miles west of Washington DC. The conflict was between the Union which were the northern states and the Confederates which were the southern states. It was the first major battle of the Civil war and it lasted 4 years, from 1861 to 1865. Two months after the confederate fired up Fort Sumter, the north press and public was very anxious for the Union army to march towards Richmond as planned in order to meet the Confederate Congress on July 20. President Abraham Lincoln ordered General McDowell to prepare an offensive army that would attack decisively the Confederate forces in order to end the war quickly. Lincoln thought that this could be his last chance to the massive military force before he lost it. The main reason why all this conflict started was because of General Beauregard and his army attacked Fort Sumter battle in Charleston Harbor, North Carolina. It was very devastating, so the Union began to plan. The north commanded by General McDowell and the south commanded by General Beauregard and General Johnston began preparing for war by marching their armies around Manassas Junction. Their main plan was to stop General Beauregard and his army from continuing their attacks on the north...
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...organized effort by a government or other large organization to stop or defeat something that is viewed as dangerous or bad (War, 2016).” War consists of a lot of violence, and unfortunately we as a society, think that is the best way to get our point across and the best way to solve problems. It is a situation that affects so many people. Not just those involved in the actual fighting in the war, but their families, their friends, and each country included in the war. When we send soldiers in to fight a battle, a lot of them will not make it back home to see their loved ones again. They may not even understand or agree with the reason behind the war. They just know they were called to serve their country and that’s what they will do. Based on the history of the United States of America, we have been at war for about 90% of the time since 1776. Some of the wars that have been instrumental within our history and that I will be discussing are World War 1, Battle of the Bull Run and Crusade. The process of warfare throughout the ages of time has evolved substantially; and these changes that have been implemented have drastically changed the way that we as a society view war and all that it entails. Let me say that since I have been a part of two wars I can say there are changes that have and will effect...
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...The Battle of the Little Big Horn began on June 25, 1876 near the Little Big Horn River in eastern Montana. The battle took place between the U.S. Cavalry and northern tribe Indians. General George Crook and his column were resting along the rosebud, when randomly a mass force of Lakota warriors came flying out of the mountains. Crook and his men withstood the stampede and prevented the Wyoming colony from being overrun. Sitting Bull was an Indian leader of the Lakota tribe in the 19th century. He built large followings, and his native people knew he wouldn’t surrender or compromise with anyone. Sitting Bull refused to move his people to the whites, reservation, and he was the most important symbol of the Sioux resistance. The incursion allowed...
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...Barton working as a temporary copyist for the U.S. Patent Office, which was then located in Washington D.C. Upon hearing of the Baltimore Riot of April 19 in which Southern sympathizers attacked Union soldiers en route to the capital, Barton rushed to care for the wounded troops, carrying food, medicine, and other vital supplies. She would soon resign from her position as temporary copyist, devoting herself to supporting the war effort in any way possible (Oates 3). Regarded as one of the most honored women in American history, she was involved in many major battles, risking her life countless times to aid wounded soldiers. Barton showed an unusual initiative at the outbreak of the war in the First Battle of Bull Run, bringing it upon herself to collect supplies and to distribute them to the wounded (Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia). Touched by the sight of the many neglected wounds of soldiers in the First Battle of Bull Run, she desire to do...
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...P. G. T. Beauregard P. G. T. Beauregard (Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard) was a talented US officer who served as a Confederate general. He also held many other titles such as a politician, inventor, and writer. Beauregard quit the US army in February and ordered of the Civil War during the bombardment of Fort Sumter in April 1861. Beauregard was necessary for the smooth victory at the First Battle of Bull Run, and in 1862 he served at the Battle of Shiloh and Siege of Corinth. Beauregard was responsible for designing the Confederate battle flag. He did not like his first name, so he gave it up entirely. Pierre Gustave Toutant, Beauregard was born on May 28, 1818, in St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana. Beauregard raised at sugarcane plantation...
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