...The RIGHTS about the process of transformation of OTICON In 1987 the firm analysed itself and made a judgment to transform itself for survival. Decided to select a person from outside organisation to lead who was capable of taking risks, well experienced in different fields and proven track record. Transformation from a rigid structure to flexible knowledge based company. Introduction of sense of equality among the employees eliminating the vertical structure. Creation & implementation of the theme – “think the unthinkable” Excellent communication regarding transformation and holding a press conference to float the information in turn turning the employees themselves in to ambassadors of the theme or vision that was created. Initiated the change in employees for the transformation by “empowering” them by providing the necessary support and training and giving them the freedom as to what role they need to play in the transformation. Integration was effective in organizing employees from different functionalities to form a cross functional team exposing them to different corners of business. The WRONG about the process of transformation of OTICON The employee retrenchment process could have been done in a better way as it created some amount of fear initially. The transformation started in a bad way with retrenchment and later on the good things were put into picture...
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...Index Index ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 3 History of the Company ......................................................................................................... 4 Turning Point ...................................................................................................................... 4 Structure of the Company ...................................................................................................... 6 Functional Structure ........................................................................................................... 6 New Organisational Structure............................................................................................. 7 Structure and Performance: Correlation ................................................................................ 9 Oticon’s Organic Structure.................................................................................................. 9 Business Contingencies .................................................................................................... 10 Results ................................................................................................................................. 12 Problems in the Long-Term and Limiting Risks...
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...OTICON ‐ THE DISORGANISED ORGANISATION1 Background Oticon, a Danish company founded in 1904, was the first hearing instrument company in the world. In the 1970s, it was the world’s number one manufacturer of ‘behind the ear’ hearing aids. However, as the market for ‘in the ear’ products grew in the 1970s and 1980s, its fortunes plummeted and it lost money and market share. In 1987, so poor was the company’s performance that it lost half of its equity. The basic problem was that Oticon was a very traditional, departmentalised and slow‐moving company. It had a distinguished past but it was it a small company operating in a global market. Though it had 15 sites around the world and 95 distributorships, the Head Office, its largest site by far, only employed 145 people. Yet it was operating in a market which had come to be dominated by Siemens, Phillips, Sony, 3M and Panasonic. More importantly, it had the wrong products. Oticon manufactured the standard ‘behind the ear’ hearing aids but customers increasingly preferred the ‘in the ear’ variety. Also, Oticon was strong in analogue technology, whilst the market and its customers were moving towards digital technology. In addition, though the company was strong in the state‐ subsidised markets of Scandinavia and Northern Europe, it was weak in the more buoyant markets of America and the Far East. This began ...
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...The working world and its environment has always been a complex aspect to consider and as an evolving field, Human resource management has provided a collection of policies, theories and practices which help debate the importance and effect it has on how an organisation’s perform in diverse situations. This assignment will thus seek to explore through the use of models and theories brought forth by scholars; means by which people in organisations should be managed and ways by which those in managerial position could adopt in order to resolve issues in the work place efficiently. Also by using 2 main organisations (provided as case studies), the assignment further seek to bring to clarity certain similar practices shared and also expose certain contrasting means of operation between both organisation in term of: *Organisational design and structure & *Organisational Culture Brook (2003) in his findings has acknowledge the complexity that most organisations finds themselves in and rightly identifies that there are forces which not just influences an organisation but also frames it. So through the PEST model (Political, Economic, Social and Technology), it can be argued on the other side of the coin, that organisations are not only affected by their environment and its forces, however their means of operation (which is classified in other terms as organisational design and culture) can also in return influence the environment in which...
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...Kolind’s Background The world has witnessed countless leaders through the course of history. Regardless of their context, religious, political, social or organisational leaders are in the centre of attention and they often become heroes that people admire and expect to save them from disasters. Lars Kolind, the CEO of Oticon between 1988 and 1998, was no exception. He arrived at the Danish hearing-aids manufacturer while the company was struggling to survive. Suffering from stale management methods and executive groupthink, Oticon’s economic results were disappointing. Oticon had all the potential to reclaim its past market leadership, but it needed a radical change in the way it operated. Kolind accepted the challenge to save the company from the ultimate doom, an action that was perceived itself as a heroic quest by a true leader. His charisma and leadership style allowed him to implement one of the most impressive experiments in organisational history introducing the ‘spaghetti-organisation’. His achievement is of certain significance for project management since he created the first pure project-based organisation. Demolishing the previous formal hierarchy, Kolind established an almost flat organisation structure where anyone could start a project regardless his/her former position. This structure encouraged innovative ideas, creativity and experimentation enforced by flexible project teams which had no supervision and no job description. But how did Kolind succeeded...
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...St. Patrick’s College London HND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT (ORGANIZATION AND BEHAVIOUR) Lecturer: Sujata Omwenga Student: CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………….….p. 3 1.1 ……………………………………………………………………………….PP.4-5 1.2 ……………………………………………………………………………….P.6 1.3 ……………………………………………………………………………….PP.7-8 2.1 ………………………………………………………………………………pp.9-10 2.2 ……………………………………………………………………………….pp.11-12 2.3 ………………………………………………………………………………PP. 13-14 REFERENCE LIST………………………………………………………………p.15 INTRODUCTION Organizational behaviour is an interdisciplinary field or study, which explores individuals, group and organizational behaviour and the impact of individuals, groups, organizational and society, in creating, shaping and controlling behaviours. www.business –school.exetere.ac.uk./modules. 1.1 Thompson J [ 2013] said that structure "is the internal differentiation and patterning of relationships." He referred to structure as the means by which the organization sets limits and boundaries for efficient performance by its members, by delimiting responsibilities, control over resources, and other matters. Katz and Kahn [1978] say that "structure is to be found in an interrelated set of events which return to complete and renew a cycle of activities." The different organizational structures are Functional, Divisional, Product based, Geographical, Matric , Project/team based , Virtual organization...
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...control, the way they interact with each other and the stakeholders outside the organisation. And structure includes both the organisation chart and unwritten lines of power and influence that indicate whose contribution are most valued. Hanley’s four types of organisation culture are discussed as; Power culture: This is the concentration of power among a few. Role culture; this is clear delegation of authorities within highly defined structure. Task culture; is teams formed to solve particular problems. Power derives from expertise as long as a team requires expertise. And person culture exists where all individuals believe themselves superior to the organisation. All this types of culture are discussed here and their usage on the case studies. CONTAINETS………………. ORGANISATION DEFINATION AND DISCUSSION………………………………………………4……..5 TYPES OF STRUCTURES……………………………………………………………………………..5………….6 DEFINATION OF CULTURE…………………………………………………………………………7…………….8 BENEFIT AGENCY………………………………………………………………………………8………………….11 MOTIVATION……………………………………………………………………………………….12…………………14 NICE CAR……………………………………………………………………………………………..15…………………17 SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT…………………………………………………………….18………………………20 HUMAN RELATION THEORY……………………………………………………………20……………………..21...
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...Organizational Change and Innovation Management MGMT 5970 Fall Semester 2014 Class Days: Tuesdays & Thursdays Time: 12:30 - 1:45 a.m. Location: MLC 245 Professor Name: Dr. Bob Vandenberg Offices: 402 Brooks Hall Phone: Brooks Office: 542-3720 Office I don’t have set hours because honestly as the head of the Department of Hours: Management I’m in the office most days during normal business hours. Thus, please email me in advance as to when you’re coming by so that I put it in my calendar. Hours: e-mail: rvandenb@uga.edu Course Materials Textbooks: Jick, T. D. & Peiperl, M. A. (2011). Managing change: Cases and concepts (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin Publishing (ISBN 978-0-07-310274-0). Nameplates: PLEASE BRING YOUR NAMEPLATES EVERYDAY TO CLASS. THIS IS MY MEANS TO GET TO KNOW YOUR NAMES. Course Description “Key concepts and theories in organizational change and development. The focus is on the student's development of diagnostic skills necessary for the identification of organizational problems and opportunities and the effective management of organizational change.” Specifically, this course addresses the formal and informal structures within an organization from the perspective of bringing about change in those structures. We will start with a brief overview of change, and general intervention concepts. Using Jick and...
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...The Case of Misrouted and Dropped Calls By Teresa Yohe Crown College Prof. Steve Graham Business Research Methods January 11, 2015 CASE The case that we are working on today involves complaints that have surfaced recently that an increased number of incoming calls are being misrouted or dropped. Yesterday, when passing by the main reception area, I noticed the receptionist fiddling with his hearing aid. In the process, a call came in and would have gone unanswered if not for my intervention. This particular employee is a 20-year veteran of the company and could retire. He is well liked and seen as a fixture in the company. First choices, though, seem to be retirement or firing. Both choices seem to be drastic and more information is needed. RESEARCH The best research I could find comes from Jerry L. Yanz, PhD. Dr. Yanz is Vice-President, Education and Training, Micro-Tech Hearing Instruments, Starkey Laboratories, Inc. The following are excerpts from his report on hearing aids and their history. “In 1947, Sam Lybarger developed a solution to the problem of acoustic feedback that is generated when a telephone receiver is held close to a hearing instrument. Taking advantage of the inductive leakage from the phone's dynamic receiver, Lybarger placed a receiving coil in the instrument, thus providing an alternative transduction path for the phone output. For the first time, a person wearing hearing instruments could use the phone effectively without acoustic feedback...
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...LATERRE Charlotte Reg No : 0848117 AC114 Introduction to Management Spring term essay Wednesday 11th March, 2009 (week 24) Word count : 1499 words « In this age of hyper-competition, organisations should adopt a decentralised structure ». Businesses have entered in a new era, the era of hyper-competition, more competitive as they become more global. Business has shifted dramatically from a slow-moving stable environment to an environment where competitive advantages are no longer sustainable but temporary as new competitors enter the market. Aveni argues that, to have a chance to survive in this constantly changing environment, firms should adopt a new strategy that best suits with these unpredictable variations. In recent years, organisations have been reassessing their strategy and structure because of this growing competition, thinking that their success is widely related with re-matching to its environment. (Johnson, 1988; Miller and Friesen, 1980) Tom Peter (1987) and Michael Porter (1990) claimed that adopting this attribute if changing ability will in some sense guarantee competitive advantage. In this assignment, we will base our discussion on managing theories in order to explain organisations’ structure choice by describing how they respond to their changing context. We will comment on the view that structure depends on the contingency theory and contrast both decentralised and centralised structure in each contingency factor, using resources...
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...Design/methodology/approach – The analysis builds on a three-category taxonomy of motivation, adding ‘‘hedonic’’ motivation to the traditional dichotomy of ‘‘extrinsic’’ and ‘‘intrinsic’’ motivation. It uses case studies gleaned from the literature to explore the interactive effects between the different motivators in two different types of knowledge-intensive organisations: professional bureaucracy and operating adhocracy. Findings – Within a professional bureaucracy, the social dilemma of knowledge sharing may be overcome through normative motivation, with provision of hedonic motivation through extrinsic incentives such as training and career progression. In an operating adhocracy where interdependent teamwork is vital, it may be overcome through normative alignment reinforced by intensive socialisation. Extrinsic motivators that align with hedonic motivation may also reinforce the propensity for knowledge sharing. In both organisational types, financial extrinsic incentives do not appear to be relevant on their own, and may ‘‘crowd out’’ other motivators. Research limitations/implications – The cases reported were chosen from the existing literature and, although many were not designed specifically to address motivational issues, suggestive conclusions are drawn. Most of the cases were drawn from organisations rooted in the Anglo-American context and thus care would be needed in generalising the findings to organisations in...
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...Chapter 15 The Organization of International Business Laws control the lesser man. Right conduct controls the greater one. – Chinese proverb Opening Photo Objectives • Profile the evolving process of organizing a company for international business • Describe the features of classical structures • Describe the features of neoclassical structures • Discuss the systems used to coordinate and control international activities • Profile the role and characteristics of organizational culture CASE: Building an Organization at Johnson & Johnson The typical pharmaceutical company relies on global integration, given its steep product development costs and potential scale economies. Meanwhile, it must respond to local market conditions, obtaining government approval for each product in each country and establishing local sales and distribution systems. Consequently, headquarters and subsidiaries jointly implement the company’s strategy. Building an organization that can meet this mission is tough. One standout that does is Johnson & Johnson (J&J). Since the start of its U.S. operations in 1886, J&J has evolved into the most broadly based health-care company in the world. International activity began in 1919 with J&J Canada. Headquartered in New Brunswick, New Jersey, J&J lists 250 operating companies across the world, holds more than 54,000 U.S. and foreign patents, sells products in more than 175 countries, and employs about 115,000 people worldwide, with...
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...Innovative Business Practices Innovative Business Practices: Prevailing a Turbulent Era Edited by Demetris Vrontis and Alkis Thrassou Innovative Business Practices: Prevailing a Turbulent Era, Edited by Demetris Vrontis and Alkis Thrassou This book first published 2013 Cambridge Scholars Publishing 12 Back Chapman Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2XX, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2013 by Demetris Vrontis and Alkis Thrassou and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-4604-X, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-4604-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter One ................................................................................................. 1 Knowledge Hybridization: An Innovative Business Practices to Overcome the Limits of the Top-Down Transfers within a Multinational Corporation Hela Chebbi, Dorra Yahiaoui, Demetris Vrontis and Alkis Thrassou Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 17 Rethinking Talent Management in Organizations: Towards a Boundary-less Model Carrie Foster, Neil Moore and Peter Stokes Chapter Three .......
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...Praise for Succeeding with Agile “Understanding the mechanics of an agile process is just not enough. Mike Cohn has compiled a superb and comprehensive collection of advice that will help individuals and teams with the intricate task of adopting and adapting agile processes to fit their specific challenges. This book will become the definitive handbook for agile teams.” —Colin Bird, Global Head of Agile, EMC Consulting “Mike Cohn’s experience working with so many different organizations in the adoption of agile methods shines through with practical approaches and valuable insights. If you really want agile methods to stick, this is the book to read.” —Jeff Honious,Vice President, Innovation, Reed Elsevier “Mike Cohn has done it again. Succeeding with Agile is based on his experience, and all of our experience, with agile to date. He covers from the earliest days of the project up to maturity and offers advice for the individual, the team, and the enterprise. No matter where you are in the agile cycle, this book has something for you!” —Ron Jeffries, www.XProgramming.com “If you want to start or take the next step in agile software development, this book is for you. It discusses issues, great solutions, and helpful guidelines when scaling up in agile projects. We used the guidelines from this book extensively when we introduced agile in a large, FDA-regulated department.” —Christ Vriens, Department Head of MiPlaza, part of Philips Research “If making the move to agile has always...
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...McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectives and practices of organization. By thoroughly...
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